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Home My WebLink AboutWS 1 Lead Service LinesSTAFF PRESENTATION TO FOLLOW: Item: WS 1�A i i Lead Service Lines — Not all systems are the same An EPA civil engineer shows how corrosion control treatments can affect lead pipes. The one on the left was treated,the middle one was not, and the one on the right is a new pipe. Lauren Chapman/IPB News,File Photo Source: https://www.wbez.org/stories/chicagos-mayor-launches-lead-pipe-replacement-plan/579ec191-1862-4933-b123-72468fl64fd7 Lead damages the nervous system . There are many sources of lead . Blood Lead Level Sufficient Evidence or Causal Determination of Children's Health Effects Sources of Lead Nervous System Effects: Cognitive Function: Decreases in IQ,academic achievement, specific cognitive - Paint Below 5 pg/dL measures 37.1M USA homes have lead based paint Externalizing behaviors: Increased incidence of attention-related and problem behaviors Effects listed above PLUS - Soils Contaminated by industrial releases Nervous System Effects: Auditory function: decreased hearing Below 30 pg/dL - Water Reproductive and Developmental Effects: Industrial releases and materials Reduced postnatal growth Delayed puberty for girls and bays - outdoor a I r Effects listed above PLUS Ore and metal processors,leaded aviation fuels Nervous System Effects- 10-40 pg/dL I Nerve function: slower nerve conduction - Consumer products Blood Effects Cosmetics,jewelry,toys Decreased hemoglobin, anemia Effects listed above PLU5 - Food 40-80 pg/dL Gastrointestinal Effects_ Lead glazed pottery,certain containers Abdominal pain, constipation, colic, anorexia and vomiting Effects listed above PLU5 - Hobbles & Work Above 80 pg/dL Nervous System Effects: Severe neural effects! convulsions,coma, loss of voluntary muscle control and death • Source: https://pttcehs.niehs.nih.gov/sites/niehs-pttceh/files features/assets/files/key federal programs to reduce childhood lead exposures and eliminate associated health imuactsuresidents 508.0 Legislation to remove lead has lagged behind evidence . Flint, MI created a focus on drinking water. lead poisoning prevention policies hove reduced population blood levels April 2014— Flint switches source water to Flint River with out standard monitoring of corrosion lead-based Posd ,�a Pa;san;re n October 2015— Flint switches source water back to Detroit River � 1971 Imd in plu 906 Imd and Copp)Wi I>•ad 9pldin! BG.�1786 [gr'inLing'JJpI.,)1991 A ph..d.16 in= January 2016— President Obama declares a state of emergency due to ana Iknaw w,R po r L.aa CoMmnwnw Dad Paining e.k water crisis in Flint 16 i' I,tgd limd.n Canhd Axf{DrinVirg IL.ad Poi.* _ mmird."I FpVnb�ns1198A 2003 w=7 14 ` pairs 2.oppr d 10 chidmni p"o : VirNol el;m;noAon o(Ieod May 2017—WIIN Act changing public notification requirements 600 ppm '.n gawl�rK Imdimrt in nm•'indumid 12 1976 1988 point&appliedb riDecember 2019— Lead and Copper Rule Revisions (LCRR) proposed R. 5. 1❑ Res;den ,lidm and P 1992 b 70 ppm � — Safe Drinu • � H.awd d�ctiFut 92 2004 a WaNrxre 6mrnlalda ;n December 2020— LCRR final rule published p 6 lead Safe Hmoing kpccd ili eib 23' 1W? runut=limilndJanuary 2021— New administration delayed effective date of LCRR q i 18p pp. 1.2210 mil �rQ /ar November 2021 — Bi artisan infrastructure law 2 9r o e t 10 p o '72 '74 '7d '78 '80 '82 'al '86 '88 '90 '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 December 2021— EPA announces development of the Lead and Copper Year Rule Improvements (LCRI) Source Brown MI and Folk H.Toolkit lar establishing lows to control the use of lead point.Module C.i i i. October 16,2024—States and Drinking Water Systems required to Conducting 61oa6 lead pre,olence studies.Global Alliance to Eliminate Lead Paint 12016). complywlth LCRR Source: https//offcehs.niehs.nih.gov/sites/niehs-pttceh/files/features/assets/files/key federal programs to reduce childhood lead exposures and eliminate associated health imoactsoresidents 508.ydf Key Federal Programs to Reduce Childhood Lead Exposures and Eliminate Associated Health Impodsl 5 The LCRR changes are extensive . They will force awareness of lead services lines, cause lead sample results to increase, and mandate lead service line removal . Below is an excerpt from a 6-page document CURRENT LCR PROPOSED LCRR CURRENT LCR PROPOSED LCRR • 90'^percentile(P90)level abuve lead AL of 15 • 90'"percentile(P90)level above lead AL of 15 Initial LSL Program Activities: Initial LSL Program Activities: µg4,or copper AL of 1.3 mg/L requires pg/L or copper AL of 1.3 mg/L requires more • Systems were required to complete a materials • All systems must develop an LSL inventory or additional actions. actions than the current rule. evaluation by the time of initial sampling.No demonstrate absence oFLSLs within fust 3 • Defines trigger level(TL)of P90> 10 and Sly requirement to update materials evaluation. years of final rule publication. pg/L that triggers additional planning, • No LSLR plan is required. • LSL inventory must be updated annually. monitorin ,and treatment uirements. • All systems with known or possible LSLs must Lend and Copper Tirp.lfonitoriyr�g develop an LSLR plan. Sample Site Selection Sample Site Selection LSL-Related Outreach: LSI,-Related Outreach: • Prioritizes collection of samples from sites with • Changes priorities for collection of samples with • When water system plans to replace the portion it • Inform consumers annually that they are served sources of lead in contact with drinking water. a greater focus on lead service lines. owns,it must offer to replace customer-owned by LSL or service line of unknown material. • Highest priority given to sites served by copper • Prioritizes collecting samples from sites served portion at owner's expense. • Systems subject to goal-based program must: pipes with lead solder installed after 1982 but by LSLs. • If system replaces its portion only: o Conduct targeted outreach that encourages Mom the ban on lead pipes and/or lead service • No distinction in prioritization of copper pipes o Provide notification to affected residences consumers with LSL&to participate in the lines(LSLs). with lead solder by installation date. within 45 days prior to replacement on possible LSLR program. • Systems must collect 59%of samples from LSLs. • Systems must collect all samples from sites elevated short-term lead levels and measures to o Conduct an additional outreach activity if if available. served by LSLs,if available. minimize exposure. I they fail to meet their goal. Collection Procedure Collection Procedure Lend in Drinkin? N%ater at Schools and Child(are Fmcilinei • Requires collection of a one-liter sample after • Adds requirement that samples must be Does not include separate testing and education • CWSs must conduct lead in drinking water water has sat stagnant for a minimum of 6 hours. collected in wide-mouth bottles. program for CWSs at schools and child care testing and PE at 20%of K1 schools and • Prohibits sampling instructions that include facilities. licensed child cares in service area every year. recommendations for aerator cleaninghemoval Schools and child cares that are classified as a Sample results and PE must be provided to each and pre-stagnation Rushing prior to sample NTNCWSs must sample for lead and copper. sampled school/child care, Primacy Agency and collection. local or State health department. • Excludes facilities built after January 1,2014. • Source: https://www.eva.gov/sites/default/files/2019-10/documents/la proposal comment reouestrcif Iowa City water lead action level results have been <= 15 ppb. The proposed 10 ppb trigger level and new sample methods will obligate the City into a lead service replacement program . Sample 30 homes every 3 years . 30 067 140 Outliers 28 26 24 22 20 a 18 • • (current) Y 16 • z • • 15pdnLepAel • •14 a x 12 x (proposed) ..... ........ ...................................... • • • •10ppb Tr' er Level 10 ...................................... ...................................................•................... ......... x • 8 • • x • 6 40 • • 40 • 4 N *X- 00 x•• • 0 • • N • • • 2 N •• • • set •• • • •• • • 0 1993 1996 1999 2002 2005 2008 2011 2014 2017 2020 2023 Sample Year::30 samples per year::4th highest sample is the 90%result signified by X If the City lead sample results are >15 ppb, then 3% of the known and unknown lead service lines are required to be replaced annually. An unknown lead line that is not lead does not count towards the 3%. If the sample result is between 10 and 15 ppb, then the rate of replacement may be negotiated with the State . Service lines are privately owned in Iowa City. Analogous to a driveway. Lead sources in drinking water typically come from inside the home . YOUR WATER SERVICE Sources of LEAD • GATE KEY BTCP BOX KEY URaDRM xIN5% i n Drinking Water � EYFi1SRNCE°NAro °N °fi ARANSNKEA°vLO &WfWfR4nN6XUr10 OKRITNr�4rOMORAN° 0.4i5EPa°l°NfAWIE. •aaaa� ILS ILvs. % Faucets Fixtures ,side your home D E1T61 DE •••••• • may contain lead. RECEPTIACLE ff • • F W y CURB • CABLE TC1NNEIDTC,4 :+ l CopperPipewith • OUTSIDE 91OEWALK Lead Solder Solder made Galvanized Pipe: READER a'Mr4El°an°AmvvnLVE RGx STREET Or Installed betore1986 • Lead particles can IF&EN .11.11ATING OUTLET INLETcontained high lead levels. attach to the surface of OD VALVEVALVE VALVE CORPORATION OPERATING NETT gaVanized ppBS OVBr CURS STOP <JnfRNN CCNI[CISSfMICESNy T)MME10TT time,the particles can PMRSEWCEi.o" WRNs°eaSMA VALVE STEM • enteryourdrinking RPWEINLENiLrE NIVF. GATE VALVE •�• , • water,causing WATER ETER NNNINGTO elevated lead levels AN°mx¢wceEmnxry FOONOATION- A rArtaal All' WATER SERVICE PIPE SADDLE - - - - WATER MAINZ CITY OF IOWA CITY'S RE5PON5I6I LITY PROPERTY OWNER'S RESPOIN SILOY 16-3C-3.C: Maintenance Of Service:All service lines shall be maintained at the expense ofthe owner ofthe property.Any leak or other defect in the service line shall be promptly repaired by the owner.If not repaired promptly,the water may,after written notice to the owner,be turned off by the city until such repairs have been made. i S �Ildap Rd e0 Wn! rwmkv N 1 Q Y a ' The public water distribution ilia system is 280 miles . ""5t StPo g. niv OutdO.td o, na or Xickmp Hill eee rch Area "'��y gr Pe vola P' - Peh `f There is more than 500 miles of CltyaCalmpus privately owned service line in +` Iowa City. Pa* { Annually, about 20-24 service lines S1 break. Most homeowners are —cit,. Munlclpal unaware of their ownership of water or sanitary service lines 4 r .ry rmeblo°tl g Recreation Area Sycam eye Greenway Osayi. St SE ,218 2 � Our current low estimate is 3,000 lead service unknowns and —100 confirmed lead service lines . Work on service lines costs $6,000 to $30,000 each, resulting in $ 10M+ worth of work to identify and remove . eb I Lead service inventory 1950's a 5 roo„ y° Water ;r s Elkz Latlne - MainM Sea uulr G�us�e . .. ,••blAar}Ad...n.. � d d�Pory Xi p CamKery q 4�e Rowe Ciq) w4F1R nxk„�..n:l 1 a Aa Pad a .I ~,ctPe®p��am p IlvwaLi y) _ . :1 , ! U 9 ��L��p- c o G ®�� ®0, _ 7jghw. •` �•. ..._._ I�m "FA B W � RASEU �� e Q .. Roehagl0 49 a .OM "011M MI9Ppp� Ol Rl�oche�� . .. lendale Ra �, �6 --...... F j ' Glendale Rd�i 7 ,aCnIfth ••-....{..t- . .. ;.. ;-r s. 1 o ala �,. ?Y,. L� - � B �o ao�m � n c1h•Risn ki6i§hts :.... .,..... . pn Hai2hig' ° �t I Q� c .os �.•' i �,.,...... + o `� ❑ �• i rd a ..i [ 4 kj- S �� la ......J.. .. qs A. ^ e _ irk • e TE P111 a e Pa m9 mIW v n� e 1➢ a pP-Ila _ Hig Fland n�a e�'=i Rd The Federal BIL did allocate money for lead services via SRF. 49% is to be forgivable loans to disadvantaged communities ( DAC) . A DAC designation is tied to census tract information and resulting points are awarded . Iowa City's lead service lines are likely not in a DAC — must score >15 points . P—sm,u)Poyulorron sonern M00% 100,00% Enter orselen Gmmurro»res, Iowa city Tonal Service Area Points State 4Iowa vs.Other Iowa Wmmpniries (WM Arai 1 Meman Household income(Milli $49,011 $49,075 1 Sial 2 Percent Below PuveM Level 276% 27.5% 2 11.5% 3 rerttn[Receiving Prl,i1Assistanceor SNAP 83% 8.3% 1411 ' 4 P...am Receiving Supplemental Security Income 28% 28% 4.2% I 5 Unempwiment Kale(Primarr Wunty 12 mo avg) 28% 28% 0 4.1% ' 6 Percent Not In labor force 30.5% 30.6% 32.7% 7 Per¢nt miner Age 55 105% 141.5% ., 15.7% I F. Population Trend 201 103% 10.3% 9 Percen[with High S,i Oi plum a or Less 0]% 4.7% 7.91 I 10 Percent Vacant Homes(eecl.Seasons l and Va cation( 69% 5.9% 7.4% I 11 Percent Housi ng WA 9u rd ened(a-30%of lmanor el rill 35.5% 2 2L896 I 12 Percent M l norlty M7% 24.2% 2 14.5% 1S Sada l Vuln erabl lry l ndev(Prl mart'Cau ndi 5815 58.15 14 Assessetl Via l nation/capita $93,805 $93,696 0 $6L300 ' 15 Butsta nding 0ami pita $1,953 51053 1 I TOTAL 12 Percent Hou onolds Sell—ll6 Feder,l Poverty Level PCR% AR8% Lowest Qp mi l e In coon a leaned Bond r $ ,457 SLs,PS] Problem statement: After October 2024 the LCRR and LCRI will create a regulatory environment forcing communities to address lead service lines, regardless of ownership, at significant cost. Options: 1. Apply for 0% interest SRF loans and conduct large infrastructure project impacting many historic areas and streets. SRF will not cover pavement repairs or internal plumbing work. Each property owner will have to agree to the project. 2. Provide resources to affected property owners: - Promote the NLC service line insurance program through HomeSery - Update Code to ban the repair of lead and require full service line replacements - Create a cost-share program for verification of and lead service line replacements 3 . Raise rates sufficiently to cover the cost of a multi-year CIP to address service line replacements. Some areas may be so extensive for consideration of public water main replacement and/or street reconstruction . Again, property owner agreement will be needed . Recommend Option #2 Provide resources to the property owners to decide if they would like to replace their lead service lines and ensure any damaged lead service lines get replaced . NLC HomeSery Service Line Insurance & Public Education — Council Resolution Code changes to prevent lead service line repairs — Council Resolution Cost-share program for full lead service line replacements — Potential rate increase depending on regulatory rate of replacement and/or participation level x {" Only service line program Endorsed by the National League of Cities & the Iowa League of Cities �i No cost for the City to participate Optional ongoing Revenue Stream for the City Free Public Awareness Campaign to educate homeowners on their lateral line _ responsibilities Peace of Mind - with one toll-free call a reputable plumber is dispatched r • All repairs performed to code by local licensed contractors .4°: • Contractors undergo rigorous vetting process to ensure quality service MARKETING APPROACH • No Public Funds are used in marketing, distribution,or administration of the program. • Only market by direct mail, no telemarketing • Would never mail withoutyour review and approval of marketing material before each and every campaign • Limited mailing campaigns per year • Consumer friendly marketing • Always voluntary for the homeowner Consumers can enrollone of three ways: • Calling into our toll free number that is provided on the mailing; • Returning the bottom of the letter to us in the self addressed stamped envelope provided • g our consumer • www.slwofa.comat anytime NLC SERVICE LINE WARRANTY PROGRAM & WHAT IT COVERS r COVERAGESEWER/SEPTIC LATERAL WATER/WELLLINE j COVERAGE Homeowner repair protection for leaking, clogged or broken water and sewer Coverage includes: lines from the point of utility connectionto the home exterior • Educating homeowners about their service line responsibilities • Up to $8,500 coverage per repair incident • Includes coverage for thawing of frozen external water lines • No annual or lifetime limits, deductibles,service fees,forms, or paperwork • 24/7/365 availability • Repairs made only bylicensed,localcontractors • Affordable rates and multiple payment methods NLC SERVICE LINE WARRANTY PROGRAM & WHAT IT COVERS INTERIOR PLUMBING Homeowner repair protectionfor in home rANDDRAINAGE water supply lines and in home sewer lines and all drain lines connected to the main sewer stack that are broken or leaking inside the home after the point of entry • Up to $3,000 coverage per repair incident. • Repair of clogged toilets • Includes coverage for broken or leaking water, sewer,or drain lines under the slab or basement floor • No annual or lifetime limits, deductibles,service fees,forms, or paperwork • 24/7/365 availability • Repairs made only bylicensed,localcontractors • Affordable rates and multiple payment methods OVER 1000 PARTNERS, INCLUDING 112 IN IOWA • Des Moines Water Works • City of West Branch • City of Grundy Center • City of Iowa Falls • City of Waukon • City of Carlisle • City of Council Bluffs • City of Missouri Valley • City of Clarion • City of Thornton • City of Waukee • City Of DeSoto • City of Reinbeck • City of Manning • City of Salix • City of Mason City • City of Marshalltown • City of Ely • City ofFrederika • City ofWoolstock • City of State Center • City of Rock Valley • City of Panora • City of Grand Mound • City of Allison • City of McCausland • City of Rolfe • Muscatine Power& Water • City of Swaledale • City of Eldon • City of Fairfield • City of Sheffield • City Of Aurelia • City of Maquoketa • City of Holland • City of Lake Park • City of Melbourne • City of Lime Springs • City of Richland • City of Hinton • City of Independence • City of Rhodes • City of Lovilia • City of Gilmore City • City ofShelisburg • City of Cherokee • City of Belmond • City of Tipton • City of Oakland • Sioux City Water&Sewer • City of Holstein • City of Cresco • City of Creston • City of Everly • Ottumwa Water&Hydra • City of Lewis • City of DeWitt • City of Manly • City of Carson • City of Hawarden • City of Griswold • City of Jesup • City of Madrid • City of Badger • Woodbine Power&Light • City of Bettendorf • City of Plymouth • City of Eldridge • City of Sloan • City of Armstrong • City of Norwalk • City of Exira • City of Eldora • City of Whiting • City of Indianola • Marshalltown Water • City of Ackley • City of Sergeant Bluff • City of La Porte City • City of Manchester Works • City of Corydon • City of Sac City • City of Spencer • City of New Hampton • City of Wayland • City of Hampton • City of Dayton • City of Birmingham • City of Stratford • City of West Liberty • City of Polk City • City of Leland • City of Van Meter • City of Union • City of Avoca • City ofAlhia • City of Eagle Grove • City of Sidney • City of St.Ansgar • City of Estherville • City of Colfax • City of Lake City • City of Camanche • City of Dallas Center • City of Roland • City of Bloomfield • City of Earlham • City ofAkron N LC NATIONAL • Chariton Water • City of Sheldon • City of Walker • City of Palo LEAGUE NLC Service Line OF CITIES Warranty Program by HomeServe CITIES 57ROHG TOGETHER 10 Code Changes Add to 16-3C-1 LEAD SERVICE LINE: A service line containing leaded or lead contaminated materials as defined by 40 CFR Part 141 and State of Iowa FULL LEAD SERVICE LINE REPLACEMENT: The replacement of the lead service line as defined by 40 CFR Part 141 and State of Iowa (Add) 16-3C-3.F: Lead service line replacement: Any service line that contains any lead piping,fitting, fixture, solder, or other component; and, that develops a leak or otherwise becomes out of service shall receive a full lead service line replacement. - It shall not be lawful to leave any lead component in service when repairing or replacing a water service line. (Explanation: Does not requirethe proactive removal of lead services,onlythe incidental removal in lieu of a repair.) - Only full lead service line replacements, as defined, are permissible (Explanation: Complies with the LCRR definition of an LSL.) - Method of connection at the public water main for any replacement shall comply with current tapping policies and approved materials. (Explanation: Ensures any directtap leaded corporation stops are removed and tapping saddles with no-lead brass corporation stops are installed.) -The cost of such replacement shall be the responsibility of the property owner. (Explanation: Does not prevent property ownerfrom participating in the reimbursement program. Intent is to clearly set responsibility.) - Any lead service line replacement shall be reported to the Iowa City Water Division prior to commencing work. (Explanation: This will provide the City the opportunityto provide the property owner with information for flushingtheir home plumbing and for City staffto arrange a post replacement lead sample to verify no lead particles are trapped within their plumbing.) (Add) 16-3C-3.G: Lead service line replacement during public improvements: Any lead service line encountered during a City water main replacement project shall require City to replace the portion of the lead service line to the curb stop in the right-of-way. The cost to replace any required portions after the curb stop to achieve a full lead service line replacement shall be the responsibility of the property owner. (Explanation: With the third-party insurance program and cost-share components property owners will be provided with a single dispatch number to hire a contractor and have at most 50%of the cost paid for by the cost-share.) Cost Share Program Conceptually, the program would have eligibility requirements and limits similar to: If theproperty is identified as having a lead service line by the City's lead service line inventory or due to visual inspection of the line, then the property owner may receive 50% up to $5,000 reimbursement for the cost of the service line replacement including any pavement work. Dirt work and landscaping is not reimbursable If the property is identified as having an unknown service line suspected to be lead, then the property owner ma receive 50% up to $3,000 reimbursement for the cost of a verification dig to visually inspect and identi y the service line material including any pavement work. Dirt work and landscaping is not reimbursable The verification will require at-a-minimum the exposure of the stop box, the exposure of two linear feet of service line material on both sides of the stop box, and to be witnessed by City staff. The stopbox operation shall be checked and if found inoperable, replaced during the verification. Participation in the verification dig does not prevent a property owner from participating in a service line replacement reimbursement If a lead service line is found during a verification dig and the property owner elects to complete a full lead service line replacement, then the costs associated with the verification and the costs associated with the lead service line replacement will be evaluated separately for reimbursement. Next steps • Make ordinance changes to ban the repair of lead service lines effective on a date to coincide with the implementation of the NLC HomeServe insurance opportunity. • Adopt a resolution authorizing the City to work with the NLC HomeSery insurance opportunity to educate homeowners about water and sanitary service lines, and opportunities for resources. • Staff to develop the process and requirements for a cost-share program to help homeowners, who choose to be proactive, identify and remove lead service lines. Questions ? STAFF PRESENTATION CONCLUDED