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Home My WebLink About06-12-2014 Historic Preservation CommissionIOWA CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION Thursday, June 12, 2014 City Hall, 410 E. Washington Street Emma J. Harvat Hall 5:30 p.m. A) Call to Order B) Roll Call C) Public discussion of anything not on the agenda D) Discuss landmark designation for 203 N. Linn Street E) Consent Agenda: Certificate of Appropriateness 336 S. Governor Street (Governor -Lucas Street C.D.) - new dormer windows F) Certificate of Appropriateness 1. 725 E. Davenport Street (Goosetown/Horace Mann C.D.) — infill basement door 2. 814 Ronalds Street (Brown Street H.D.) - new screened porch 3. 617 Brown Street (Brown Street H.D.) - new bay window, new stucco at basement walls 4. 220 E. Jefferson Street (Landmark) — window replacement 5. 508 S. Summit Street (Summit Street H.D.) - new soffits G) Report on Certificates issued by Chair and Staff H) Discuss Unitarian Universalist Building 10 S. Gilbert Street I) Discuss suggestions for mitigation measures to offset the adverse effects to historic properties, resulting from FEMA funded undertakings for the University of Iowa J) Consideration of Minutes for May S, 2014 — HPC Meeting K) Adjournment Staff Report June 6, 2014 Historic Review for 336 S. Governor Street District Governor -Lucas Street Conservation District Classification: Contributing The applicant, Ben Kratz, is requesting approval for a proposed alteration project at 336 S. Governor Street, a Contributing property in the Governor -Lucas Street Conservation District. The project consists of the installation of new windows in the front and side dormers. Applicable Regulations and Guidelines 4.0 Iowa City Historic Preservation Guidelines for Alterations 4.13 Windows Staff Comments The house at 336 South Governor is a two story Foursquare c.1110 of frame construction. The historic features of this house are well intact. The hip roof with metal roofing has dormers centered in three of the hips. Exposed foundation walls are textured concrete block, siding is wood clapboard, and windows are 1- over-1 double -hung. The roof of the full -width front porch is supported by classical columns. This house was part of the City's UniverCity Neighborhood Partnership Program In October 2011, the Historic Preservation Commission approved a Certificate of Appropriateness for rehabilitation work including construction of new front steps, repair of the rear porch and removal of a rear window in the kitchen, and new side and back doors. The project consists of the installation of new windows in the front and side dormers. The applicant is finishing the attic for use as a bedroom, and two of the new windows will be egress windows, which will be taller than the existing windows and will therefore alter the size and shape of the window opening. The egress windows will be located in the side dormers; the window in the front dormer will be replaced with a new window of the same size as the original. The existing dormer windows measure 24 inches x 24 inches. The applicant originally proposed egress windows measuring 30 inches x 30 inches, but after review with Staff the proposal has been revised for windows measuring 24 inches x 36 inches, which should provide the best possible proportions. the egress windows will be casement type. All proposed windows will be metal -clad wood. The guidelines for windows state that new windows should match the type, size, sash width, trim, use of divided lites, and overall appearance of the historic windows. The location of a new window should be consistent with the window pattern of the historic building or buildings of similar architectural style. Change in window size may be allowed for egress requirements. Metal -clad solid -wood windows are acceptable. In Staff's opinion, the proposed work complies with the requirements of the guidelines, and conditional approval is recommended. The trim around the new windows should match the trim at existing windows. Placement of the taller egress windows will cut into the existing fascia boards, but the cut should be held back at least a couple inches from the bedmold. This may require a slightly lower sill height at the egress windows. This is a Consent item on the agenda because Staff has been and will be working with the applicant. Recommended Motion Move to approve a Certificate of Appropriateness for the project at 336 S. Governor Street, as presented in the application, with the following conditions: • Provide product information for the new windows. • Locate egress windows so as to minimize the cut in the existing fascia; new window trim must match the material, profiles, and dimensions of the historic trim. .x �. i' � - Applicadon for WisWric Review Application for alterations to the historic landmarks or properties located in a historic district or conservation district pursuant to Iowa City Code Section 144C. Guidelines for the Historic Review process, explanation of the process and regulations can be found in the Iowa City Historic Preservation Handbook which is available in the PCD office at City Hall or online at: www.icgov.org/HPhandbook For Staff Use: Date submitted: 5 /.ql / /!I ❑ Certificate of No material Effect ❑ Certificate of Appropriateness ❑ Major review ❑ Intermediate review ❑ Minor review The HPC does not review applications for compliance with building and zoning codes. Work must comply with all appropriate codes and be reviewed by the building division prior to the issuance of a building permit, Meeting Schedule: The HPC meets the second Thursday of each month. Applications are due in the PCD office by noon on Wednesday three weeks prior to the meeting. See attached document for application deadlines and meeting dates. Property Owner/Applicant Information (F,lem cbeck primary contact person) ❑ Property Owner Name: 6 ] V SPA Email: �Ctm vt on®_O,�ti M Phone Number: (3�01) 65Q — 'agga Address: City: _ State: Zip Code:.S4Ci ❑ Contractor / Consultant Name: SOL r/1ot D Email: Phone Number: ( ) Address: City: State: Zip Code: Proposed Project Information Address: C—L Use of Property: ; A4_ Date Constructed (if known): Historic Designation (Maps areiceated in the lEsWw Preservation Handbook) ❑ This property is a local historic landmark. OR This Property is within a historic or conservation district (choose location): ❑ Brown Strezt Historic District ❑ Clark Street Conservation District ❑ College Green Historic District ❑ College Hill Conservation District ❑ East College Street Historic District ❑ Dearborn Street Conservation District ❑ Northside Historic District Govemor-Lucas Street Conservation District ❑ Jefferson Street Historic District ❑ Longfellow Historic District ❑ Summit Street Historic District ❑ Woodlawn Historic District Within the district, this property is classified as: X Contributing 11 Noncontributing ❑ Nonhistoric Application Requirements Choose appropriate project type. In order to ensure application can be processed, please include all listed materials. Applications without necessary materials may be rejected. ❑ Addition (Typically projects entailing an addition to the building footprint such as a room, porch, deck, etc.) ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Floor Plans ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Site Plans 19 Alteration (Typically projects entailing work such as siding and window replacement, skylights, window opening alterations, deck or porch replacement/construction, baluster repair, or similar. If the project is a minor alteration, photographs and drawings to describe the scope of the project are sufficient.) ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Construction of new building ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Floor Plans ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Site Plans ❑ Demolition (Projects entailing the demolition of a primary structure or outbuilding, or any portion of a building, such as porch, chimney, decorative trim, baluster, etc.) ❑ Photographs ❑ Proposal of Future Plans ❑ Renal r or restoration of an existing structure that will not change its appearance. ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Other: Please contact the Preservation Planner at 356-5243 for materials which need to be included with application. Proposed Project Details Project Description: Materials to be Used- Exterior Appearance Changes: S:\PM'U inl'res\app historic rcview.doc 12113 Ben Kratz 336 S. Governor St. Iowa City, IA 52240 Proposed Window Plan Rev. 2 •� m Side View Current Side View Proposed Staff Report June 6, 2014 Historic Review for 725 E. Davenport Street District: Goosetown/Horace Mann Conservation District Classification: Contributing The applicant, The City of Iowa City, is requesting approval for a proposed alteration project at 725 East Davenport Street, a Contributing property in the Goosetown/Horace Mann Conservation District. The proposed project consists of removal of a basement door and infill with a new window. Other proposed work includes new gable vents, repair and replacement of fascia trim, new siding and trim at the front porch roof, and a new back door. Applicable Regulations and Guidelines 4.0 Iowa City Historic Preservation Guidelines forAlterations 4.3 Doors 4.11 Siding 4.5 Foundations 4.13 Windows 4.10 Porches 4.14 Wood Staff Comments This two-story single-family dwelling was built in 1902 according to the Tax Assessor's Records. Sanborn maps first show the house appearing sometime between 1906 and 1912. This Front -Gable and Wing house form has a low-pitched closed gable section with a pent roof facing the street and a hipped wing extending to the left side. A flat roofed porch fills the ell. It has square columns extending to the porch deck. The closed balustrade is clapboard clad and the original porch skirting is composed of narrowly spaced vertical boards. The house has 1/1 double -hung windows. The exposed foundation is textured concrete block, and the siding is recently restored wood clapboard. Metal roofing which may have been original has been replaced with asphalt shingles. The house is a part of the City's UniverCity Neighborhood Partnership Program. The proposed project consists of removal of a basement door and infill with a new window. Other proposed work includes new gable vents, repair and replacement of fascia trim, new siding and trim at the front porch roof, and a new back door. The portion of this project that requires review by the Commission is the removal of the basement door, as this will alter the size and function of this existing opening. Staff will work with the applicant to approve the other proposed work. As proposed, the basement door will be removed and the opening will be filled with concrete block that matches the existing block A metal -clad wood double -hung window will be installed in the remaining opening, which will provide light in the basement stairway. The window will fit into the existing casing and trim. The applicant has not provided the height of the proposed window, so it is assumed that infill of the wall will be required between the window and the top of the concrete block. New siding will be required and it should match the existing siding, with vertical joints staggered. Water table trim should match the existing trim and extend across the filled opening. In Staff's opinion, the proposed work is generally acceptable, and conditional approval is recommended. Recommended Motion Move to approve a Certificate of Appropriateness for the project at 725 E. Davenport Street, as presented in the application, with the following conditions: • Provide product information for the new concrete block; • Provide product information for the new window, including dimensions; • Confirm materials for infill between the window and the top of the concrete block; • Provide information as needed for Staff review of all other listed work items. Lj r.� i Application for Historic Review Application for alterations to the historic landmarks or properties located in a historic district or conservation district pursuant to Iowa City Code Section 144C. Guidelines for the Historic Review process, explanation of the process and regulations car be found in the Iowa City Historic Preservation Handbook, which is available in the PCD office at City Hall or online at: www.icgov.org/HPhandbook For Staff Use: Date submitted: 5 /lam/ ! y ❑ Certificate of No material Effect ❑ Certificate of Appropriateness ❑ Majorreview ❑ Intermediate review ❑ Minor review The HPC does not review applications for compliance with building and zoning codes. Work must comply with all appropriate codes and be reviewed by the building division prior to the issuance of a building permit. Meeting Schedule: The HPC meets the second Thursday of each month. Applications are due in the PCD office by noon on Wednesday three weeks prior to the meeting. See attached document for application deadlines and meeting dates. Property Owner/Applicant Information (Plea,e check prmim eomact person) ❑ Property Owner Name: Ci1-y e�7' to < CA')( (VaNQ. %wat'S) Email: P-tavc)- jFoc..reXS0lowq—cy.c`�;honeNumber: (3i9) 3 54 — L;2 Address: l4l6 E G. ayH,ngi 5k, City: ('wa C, ❑ Contractor / Consultant Name: NA Email: Address: City: State: l A Zip Code: Phone Number: ( State: Zip Code: Proposed Project Information Address: 1)!)V6NpdR7- lew> Cr}y 1A 52'Z45 Use of Property: �zstcial+ •' l Date Constructed (if known): Historic Designation (Maps are located m the Hutonc Pmo atmn Hadbook) ❑ This property is a local historic landmark. OR ❑ This Property is within a historic or conservation district (choose location): IGoe El Brown Street Historic District ❑ Clark Street Conservation District ❑ College Green Historic District ❑ College Hill Conservation District ❑ East College Street Historic District ❑ Dearborn Street Conservation District ❑ Northside Historic District ❑ Governor -Lucas Street Conservation District ❑ Jefferson Street Historic District / Longfellow Historic District nn l W eT�r 10'`^"^ ' �lt�+'eC.a +` 1a'^n �n 5Os Vc kbn Rsv'+' A ❑ Summit Street Historic District ❑ Woodlawn Historic District Within the district, this property is classified as: XContributing D Noncontributing 13 Nonhistoric Application Requirements Choose appropriate project type. In order to ensure application can be processed, please include all listed materials. Applications without necessary materials may be rejected. ❑ Addition (Typically projects entailing an addition to the building footprint such as a room, porch, deck, etc.) ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Floor Plans ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Site Plans Alteration (Typically projects entailing work such as siding and window replacement, skylights, window opening alterations, deck or porch replacement/construction, baluster repair, or similar. If the project is a minor alteration, photographs and drawings to describe the scope of the project are sufficient.) ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Construction of new building ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Floor Plans ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Site Plans ❑ Demolition (Projects entailing the demolition of a primary structure or outbuilding, or any portion of a building, such as porch, chimney, decorative trim, baluster, etc.) ❑ Photographs ❑ Proposal of Future Plans ❑ Repair or restoration of an existing structure that will not change its appearance. ❑ Photographs ❑ Other: ❑ Product Information Please contact the Preservation Planner at 356-5243 for materials which need to be included with application. Proposed Project Details Project Description: Materials to be Used: Exterior Appearance Changes: 5e-S-4 4-TA--e E s:\PCD\Hist Pres\spp_for_Fatonc_mwm.doc 12113 Project Description: This project is the remaining aspects of the exterior restoration begun last September by the City's UniverCity Neighborhood Partnership Program A short back door will be removed to prevent further water intrusion and concrete block matching the existing foundation will be put in. An aluminum clad wood double hung window will be installed above the foundation to fill the remaining space and allow light into the basement stairwell. Two aluminum gable vents will be removed and two new custom built wood vents will be installed to fill the entire cased opening. Wood fascia on the front and back gables that has been damaged by animals will be repaired/replaced. It appears that sometime in the past the porch roofs were modified and small gable sections were created on the ends. These sections were covered with plywood and asphalt impregnated felt, but never were sided properly. These areas will be partially redone and siding installed to protect the home. The existing rear door off the kitchen will be replaced with a new smooth fiberglass prehung entry door. Materials to be Used: The removed door will be replaced with concrete block matching the existing foundation's height and finish with wood framing and a new aluminum clad wood double hung window to fit into the existing casing and trim. The new gable vents will be custom made cedar vents painted to match the existing color scheme. The damaged fascia will be replaced with new painted cedar boards. The porch roof gables will be sided with fiber cement siding. The back kitchen door will be replaced with a new smooth fiberglass door. Any trim replaced will be done to match the original trim on the home. Exterior Appearance Changes The only major changes in appearance to the home will be the replacement of the door with a window on the rear exposure and siding installed in the porch gables that has not yet siding installed. .. . • i i �4eJ�1•�RI�rt 1 Y'I � • �� i 3 2= e �, 4 L• _ . �� i' !w'. jam. • - =_ - a _ Staff Report June 6, 2014 Historic Review for 814 Ronalds Street District Brown Street Historic District Classification: Key Contributing The applicant, Barbara Eckstein, is requesting approval for a proposed addition project at 814 Ronalds Street, a Key Contributing property in the Brown Street Historic District. The project consists of the addition of a new screened porch at the rear of the house. Applicable Regulations and Guidelines 5.0 Iowa City Historic Preservation Guidelines forAddltions 5.1 Expansion of Building Footprint Staff Comments Built in 1909, this two-story frame house is best described as a Free Classic subtype of the Queen Anne style. The house has a textured concrete block foundation, wood clapboard siding, and metal roofing; windows are typically double hung. The first owner of this house was Emil Miller, who owned and operated Miller Brothers Monuments. Architect/ Builder are not known. In 2005, the Historic Preservation Commission approved remodeling work at the rear of the house that included moving a door, removing an existing window and installing a new bay window. In 2012, the Commission approved installation of solar panels on the roof of the backyard shed. The project currently proposed consists of the addition of a new screened porch at the rear of the house. The new porch will measure 10' 0" x 11' 6" and will be located at the northwest corner of the house. The roof of the new porch will tie-in with the roof over the existing one-story rooms on this side of the house. A door from the new porch will open to a small stoop with two sets of stairs stepping down to grade — one set to the east and one set to the west. Proposed materials include exterior trim and woodwork to match existing. Membrane roofing is proposed for the new roof The drawings for this project appear to indicate masonry piers supporting the porch and wood posts supporting the stoop and stairs. The guidelines for additions recommend constructing new porches that are consistent with the style of the historic house. In general, the guidelines recommend matching the key horizontal lines of the house such as water table, cave height, and window head height. New porches should be constructed using traditional wood framing and wood flooring, rather than concrete, if the porch floor is more than 18" above grade. Also, if the porch floor is 24" or more above grade, then the space between the porch floor and grade should be filled with skirting. Skirting should be installed between the piers, rather than covering the piers. For balustrades and handrails the guidelines recommend specific proportions and dimensions. The example included with this report of a simple balustrade with square spindles is an appropriate design for the new stoop and stairs that will be constructed with this porch. Overall, the design of the proposed screened porch appears consistent with the style of the historic house, and compliant with the requirements of the guidelines. Staff recommends approval, with conditions as noted. Recommended Motion Move to approve a Certificate of Appropriateness for the project at 814 Ronalds Street, as presented in the application, with the following conditions: • Applicant to confirm skirting design for the porch, and balustrade design for the stoop and stairs, including dimensions for spindles and top and foot rails, for review and approval by Staff Appropriate Balustrade for most structures of simple ornamentation Sloping top and foot rails allow water to shed and help prevent deterioration Iowa City Preservation Handbook 4.1 Balustrades and Handrails Simple balustrade with square spindles: Spindles are 1 X inches or greater in width, spaced with 3 inch gap so that the balustrade is approximately 40% solid. x4MAE:_ _I I; -pit. U e r A ; J• IMF r �� i � � ;�r •stir c, 'i r� M'1Y u Application for Historic Review Application for alterations to the historic landmarks or properties located in a historic district or conservation district pursuant to Iowa City Code Section 144C. Guidelines for the Historic Review process, explanation of the process and regulations can be found in the Iowa Cary Historic Preservation Handbook which is available in the PCD office at City Hall or online at: www.icgov.org/HPhandbook For Staff Use: Date submitted: 5 / a. / l 1,4 ❑ Certificate of No material Effect ❑ Certificate of Appropriateness ❑ Major review ❑ Intermediate review ❑ Minor review The HPC does not review applications for compliance with building and zoning codes. comply with all appropriate codes and be reviewed by the building division prior to the building permit. Work must issuance of a Meeting Schedule: The HPC meets the second Thursday of each month. Applications are due in the PCD office by noon on Wednesday three weeks prior to the meeting. See attached document for application deadlines and meeting dates. Property Owner/Applicant Information (Plow check Prunm contact person) ❑ Property Owner Name: >A-Q-b #e-4 Email: Phone Number; (3/f Address: YS ICf)A� A l q�S City: ID Lo t✓ rr State: Zip Code: SZ S ❑ Contractor / Consultant Name: EIyt i�6) 0'f= / SHO K Email: Phone Number: Address: �i6�ib QiY� City WE.�r_AitgVOH State: //F Zip Code: _22-5 51�3 Proposed Project Information Address: de (fir 401J At, OS e)-r Use of Property: S to ett= -P w t. q (% FS r O —cc Date Constructed (if known): n ¢t of t / Historic Designation (Maps are lor: W m the Htskuac Pftwvabm Haadbcok) ❑ This property is a local historic landmark. OR ❑ This Property is within a historic or conservation district (choose location): Brown Street Historic District College Green Historic District ❑ East College Street Historic District ❑ Nonhside Historic District ❑ Jefferson Street Historic District ❑ Longfellow Historic District ❑ Summit Street Historic District ❑ Woodlawn Historic District Within the district, this property is classified as: ❑ Clark Street Conservation District ❑ College Hill Conservation District ❑ Dearborn Street Conservation District ❑ Governor -Lucas Street Conservation District Contributing ❑ Noncontributing 11 Nonhistoric Application Requirements Choose appropriate project type. In order to ensure application can be processed, please include all listed materials. Applications without necessary materials may be rejected. "Addition (Typically projects entailing an addition to the building footprint such as a room, porch, deck, etc.) Building Elevations 2s wza 1< Floor Plans I7'rt w Photographs 2 fwjr- , 4PS ❑ Product Information ❑ Site Plans ❑ Alteration (Typically projects entailing work such as siding and window replacement, skylights, window opening alterations, deck or porch mplacement/construction, baluster repair, or similar. If the project is a minor alteration, photographs and drawings to describe the scope of the project are sufficient.) ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Construction of new building ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Floor Plans ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Site Plans ❑ Demolition (Projects entailing the demolition of a primary structure or outbuilding, or any portion of a building, such as porch, chimney, decorative trim, baluster, etc.) ❑ Photographs ❑ Proposal of Future Plans ❑ Repair or restoration of an existing structure that will not change its appearance. ❑ Photographs ❑ Other: ❑ Product Information Please contact the Preservation Planner at 356-5243 for materials which need to be included with application. Proposed Project Details Project Description: Materials to be Used: CA-Rt02 TgA V, tr50ead wcd-lL rb Teq '10 V.Av "TCat, EK*rfNcq V!JET'AC. �crf= Rc3T UAfl6' t.at Str�E`11fl/�6 9w er"- r 5A w. �4S co wts C VIL9-e�trl- VA ET4U 2m o F Exterior Appearance Changes: Pc wF rc '1=Qn P7 y� PF(O'IO rats a SN� t� r' k Ate q r=. VJNCO-u- lteA 12 S:\PCD\Hist Preslepp_for_historic_review.doc 12113 r Existing Building Eckstein porch 814 Ronalds St floor plan, ( first floor) Scale 1" = 4' Emerson Andrishok 2014 Eckstein porch 814 Ronalds St Elevations Scale 1"= 4' Emerson Andrishok 2014 e may' ® - _ . k LU +_• !d Tit - --' ". .. -- `^—.—.- �-�.�y'. ,, 44 D ,T.,�ir _IM k r ! air prowl-- SAM Staff Report Historic Review for 617 BrownStreet District.- Brown Street Historic District Classification: Contributing June 6, 2014 The applicants, Kent and Kay Ackerson, are requesting approval for a proposed alteration project at 617 Brown Street, a Contributing property in the Brown Street Historic District. The project consists of a new bay window on the back of the house, and the application of stucco to portions of the exposed foundation. Avnlicable Regulations and Guidelines 4.0 Iowa CityHlstortcPreservation Guidelines for Alterations 4.5 Foundations 4.13 Windows Staff Comments This house is a classic American Foursquare, constructed in 1922. It is a good example of this popular style, and it appears to be intact and little altered. Sometime during the 1960's a dormer was added to the west side of the house, and in 2004 the Historic preservation Commission approved replacement of the dormer siding and replacement of the dormer windows. In 2006 the Commission approved restoration work on the garage which included repairing a failing concrete block wall and replacing the damaged half-light wood panel door. In 2010 the Commission approved removal and replacement of concrete steps and a steel railing on the front of the house. The proposed project consists of a new bay window on the back of the house, and the application of stucco to portions of the exposed foundation in the same area. Work on this project has started and is now partially complete, (there was a misunderstanding between the owner and the contractor regarding responsibility for submission of historic review and building permit applications), and photos taken recently show the installed bay window. The new bay window fills the opening where two existing double hung windows were removed. The new window is a Jeld-Wen metal -clad wood product. For new windows, the historic preservation guidelines recommend a design that matches the appearance of the historic windows, including type of window, size and proportion, and use of trim. The guidelines disallow installing modem window types that are inconsistent with the architectural style of the house. In Staffs opinion, the bay window as installed does not match the appearance of the historic windows, especially in the use of trim, and therefore does not meet the guidelines. The sketch included with this report shows how modifications to the installed window could bring this project into compliance with a re -built roof and trim around the window base. The intent is to stay in character with the style of the house, as simply as possible in this location. As of today, Staff has met with the owner and the contractor and they have agreed to make modifications as required. Staff will continue to provide design and technical assistance to ensure that this project complies with the historic preservation guidelines. Conditional approval of the bay window is recommended. The stucco work is an amendment to this application. New stucco is being applied to areas currently covered with wood siding. The new stucco is intended to match the existing stucco on the rest of the house. Staff recommends approval of this work Recommended Motion Move to approve a Certificate of Appropriateness for the project at 617 Brown Street, as presented in the application, and described in this report, with the following conditions: The installed bay window will be modified with a roof that includes fascia trim and window head trim, and with an extended base that includes a defined sill; the applicant will provide information detailing these modifications for final review and approval by the Commission Chair and Staff; New stucco work shall match existing stucco on the existing foundation. '4k r 1�1 - "I . " 4111; w 1 LYN 9 9 _s Cil4i a—:,. wIL ff4, i /� ♦. v j -iL T `► -� 'r. F 1 1� 1 Y. Jay ti ! i ` j _r,.!�1 �� •�� 3 ,- �..� (a .ter , s�w>�':��_ . - �� iMEMO s g � U I ih zz I ki N i2e.a,.r e�IcJa-6,gvi CSnJtk) 6e. &,, . r I. Fainna�4fifn"1"j_c� t'eci[JLG,'�`rd[[.g NOV-7-2007 04:32A FROM: TO:3414020 P.4 Application for Historic Review Application for alterations to the historic landmarks or properties located in a historic district or conservation district pursuant to Iowa City Code Section 144C. Guidelines for the Historic Review process, explanation of the process and regulations can be found in the laws CityHistoric Preservation Handbook which is available in the PCD office in City Hall or online at www.ir-gov.org/HPhBndbook For Staff Use: Date submitted: S l ad /—nL ❑ Certificate ofNo matorml Ettiwt ❑ CertificatoofAppropriatensiss O Mgior review Cl Inamnodialu mview O Minor review The HPC does not review applications for compliance with building and zoning codes. Work must comply with all appropriate codes and be reviewed by the building division prior to the issuance of a building permit. Meeting Schedule: The HPC meets the second Thursday of each month. Applications are due in the PCD office by noon on Wednesday three weeks prior to the meeting. See attached document for application deadlines and meeting dates. Property OwnellApplicant Information (Plwo chmkpdmaty wntacipCwn) • propcny Owner Name: Kent and Kay Ackerson Finail, kent_ackerson@msn.com Phone Number.( 13193379021 .319 6213735 Address: 617 Brown Street City: Iowa City Slate: IA zip code: 52245 ® Contractor/Con ultamName: Dudley Brothers Company -- Lorin Dudley Emil: dudleybrothers@hotmaii.com PhoneNmaber: ( 1319-337-6868 Addheas: 3576 Dolphin Dr SE Suite B Iowa City City: State:1A zip code:52240 Proposed Project Information Address: 617 Brown Street Iowa City, IA UletrfprapmDy: Residential (single family) D taConstruetea(ifkrmwny Historic Designation theam aro IoeHed E the HiNorieliermvaliee FhndbveU ❑ This property is a local historic landmark. OR N This Property is within a historic or conservation district (choose location): ® Brown Street Historic District ❑ College Green Historic District O East College Street HisorioDistrict O Longfellow Historic District ❑ Nortbeide Historic District ❑ Summit Street Historic District ❑ Woodletm Historic District O Clark Sow Conservation District Q College Hill Conservation District ❑ Dearborn Street Conservation District ❑ Governor -Lucas Street Conservation District Within the district, this property is classified as: R ® Contributing ❑ Noncontributing ❑ Nonhistoric l�i v D MAY 21 2014 & INSPECTION !. 7' . lies TP13414020 P.5 Application Requirements Choose appropriate project type. In order to mom application can be processed. plows include all listed materials. Applications without necessary materials may be rejected. Addition (Typically projects entailing an addition to the building footprint such as a room, porch deck. etc.) ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Floor Plans ❑ Ph-/togmphs ❑ Produetinformation ❑ Site Plans ■ Alban (Typically projects entailing work such as siding and window replemxnent, skylights, window opening alteraliona, deck or porch replacememlconstraction, baluster repair, or similar. if the project is a minor allegation, photographs and drawings to describe t o scope of the projeclare sufficient.) ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Photographs 0 Productlnformadon ❑ Constradionofnow building ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Floor Mans O Photographs 0 Productlnfomution 13 Site Plans 0 Demolition (Projects entailing the demolition of a primary structure or outbuilding, or any portion of a building, such as porch, chimney, docoretivo trim, baluster, oho.) ❑ Photographs ❑ Proposal of Future Mane ❑ j3e4& or restoration of an existing structure that will not change its appearance. ❑ Photographs ❑ Pmducthnfrrmtation ❑ Other: Please coolant the Proamvation Pioneer at 3565243 for materials which road to be included with application. Proposed Project Details Project Description: Changing a twin double hung window to a same -size bay window. Materials to be Used: Jeld-Wen wood window with aluminum exterior dadding Exterior Appearaace Changes: Window has aluminum dadding, but all trim matches original home. The exterior will be painted tmaWm: .m rQ tawavvvwdac MAY 21 2014 & INSPECTION ' NOV-7-2007 04:32R FROM: ■ p.rloAw nemu. /n/ f .47 f*V Wiz -f t. Ohm sdsWvMnaft mPNOWdd%L 2. Show Non dAW d btw dW 3. Dawili s hnft shsw rmonNollb ohm s mwl& nm sttd swm 4. show postlon of 0000noi- MdMMw fn htwoo mW dw ht Nw& L Show boodwn d ON U@MdMdtL rp R. MAY 21 2014 & INSPECTION IOWA CITY im slww ~ onw. wk" mom N r socxm wax Sao A pslto-ty a M L ��s m D 2014 N TION SERVICES N o IOWA z • T&-ft ��assIL 1 ' 1 Staff Report June 6, 2014 Historic Review for 220 E. Jefferson Street District Jefferson Street Historic District Classification: National Register, Local Landmark, and Key Contributing in district The applicant, Jon Ozeroff, is requesting approval for a proposed alteration project at 220 E. Jefferson Street, a National Register listed property, Local Landmark, and Key Contributing property in the Jefferson Street Historic District. The project consists of the replacement of existing windows in the rectory house. Applicable Regulations and Guidelines 4.0 Iowa City HistorlcPreservation Guidelines for Alterations 4.13 Windows Staff Comments St. Mary's Rectory (1891) was listed on the National register of historic places in February 1980 as a part of the St. Mary's Church nomination. The rectory is a hip roof rectangular structure of frame construction with brick veneer. It features a two story bay with polygonal roof on the right side of the fa$ade and an arched porch across the rest. These round arches echo the arched fenestration of the neighboring church. The rectory appears to be basically unaltered. As a National Register site it is considered to be a Key Structure in the Jefferson Street Historic District The proposed project consists of the replacement of existing windows with Pella Architect Series aluminum clad wood windows. With the exception of two decorative leaded glass windows on the front of building, all twenty six windows on the first and second floor are proposed to be replaced. The existing windows are larger and a higher grade compared to typical residential windows. The exterior trim includes a rounded brick mold that appears to compliment a larger version found on the windows of St. Mary's Church, which is located adjacent to the rectory. The guidelines recommend repair of historic windows before replacement is considered. The applicant must demonstrate deterioration of the existing windows before replacement is approved. If it is determined that the existing windows are deteriorated to the extent that replacement should be considered, then new sashes which are the same type and size as the existing windows and match the sash width, trim, divided lites, and overall appearance of the historic windows are required. The applicant has not submitted evidence indicating that the existing windows are deteriorated. Staff visited the rectory with the applicant and viewed a sampling of the windows. The Commission's consult, Cheryl Peterson, AIA, who has training in historic window preservation, also attended. We observed no signs of deterioration such as wood rot, warping, or water damage. With the exception of broken sash cords, which are easily repairable, the windows appeared to be in overall good condition. Some routine maintenance including painting and putty repair may be necessary. The applicant expressed a concern about ease of window operation. Replacement of the sash cords so that they are reattached to the weights and using bee's wax on the channels on the sides of the windows would make them operate smoothly. That, with repair and caulking of the storm windows, would likely be more cost effective than window replacement. In Skiff's opinion, the applicant has not documented deterioration to the extent that windows should be replaced. If the applicant is able to provide documentation that some of the windows are deteriorated and not repairable then replacement sashes, which match the sash width, trim and overall appearance of the historic windows, may be considered for those windows. This approach would minimize the loss of historic materials in this significant Landmark building. Recommended Motion Move to that deny a Certificate of Appropriateness for the wholesale replacement of windows at 220 E. Jefferson Street. Move to approve sash replacements for individual windows where deterioration of the sash is demonstrated, subject to the replacement sash being the same type, size and detail as the existing windows. Application for alterations to the historic landmarks or For Staff Use: properties located in a historic district or conservation district D submitted tied pursuant to Iowa City Code Section 144C. Guidelines for I the Historic Review process, explanation of the process and 0 Certificate ofNo material Effect regulations can be found in the Iowa City Historic 0 Certificate of Appropriateness 0 Majorreview Preservation Handbook which is available in the PCD office 0 Intermediate review at City Hall or online at www.icgov.orgtHPhandbook 0 Minor review I I The HPC does not review applications for compliance with building and zoning codes. Work must comply with all appropriate codes and be reviewed by the building division prior to the issuance of a building permit. Meeting Schedule: The HPC meets the second Thursday of each month. Applications are due in the PCD office by noon on Wednesday three weeks prior to the meeting. See attached document for application deadlines and meeting dates. Property Owner/Appitcaut In1hruation antes t dwk pornary canteat p atearl B Property Owner Name: � T- M A 2 4 AT H 0 L I C G H tA R e 4 Email: W I iii , i G !> 1'rig c( r y, n 9 Phone Number: (?Iq) S; 37 - et 5 )!�i Address: 29D 2.-'FF-4;Fr-)2Snok) S7, City.. �0 W A c i -T -1 State: S Zip Code: 6-:ZZLIS- Contractor / Consultant Name: J8 k (�,Qi\j IiT (Z L4 CT-/ tidi Z7, =A) C � Email: l U yl . 0 7,!e r n-CX yn ok'.-L,c or -Phone Number: (3 (� 1, a, I - 6 L4 h7 Address: 9153 JU a P- M A Aj 'D Li City: 77- C) � 4 c 17- state: Zip Code: '5 2 2 V 4 Address: 20 9 , -T'F- r- F r,- fz s o t3 1. -ro w 'A c rT q 5-'2- Z ',4 9-- Use of Property: ST. H 'A (Z tj 'S aCTO (Z 1j. --. Date Constructed (if known): Historto Dedgetatiou thisp are looaU4 to the Httonc Pmacmum Handbook) 0 This property is a local historic landmark. OR El This Property is within a historic or conservation district (choose location) [I Brown Street Historic District 0 Clark Street Conservation District [I College Green Historic District 0 College Hill Conservation District 11 East College Street Historic District 0 Dearborn Street Conservation District 11 W rthsideHistaric District 0 Govemor-Lucas Street Conservation District —Zeffferson Street Historic District 0 Longfellow Historic District 11 Summit Street Historic District 0 Woodlawn Historic District Within the district, this property is classified as: 13 Contributing 11 Noncontributing 11 Nonbistoric Apptiee Requirements Choose appropriate project type. In order to ensure application can be processed, please include all listed materials. Applications without necessary materials may be rejected. ❑ Addition (Typically projects entailing an addition to the building footprint such as a room, porch, deck, etc.) ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Floor Plans ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Site Plans JE(Alteration (Typify projects entailing work such as siding and window replacement, skylights, window opening alterations, deck or porch replacement/construction, baluster repair, or similar. If the project is a minor alteration, photographs and drawings to describe the scope of the project are sufficient) ❑ Building Elevations RPhomgraphs o, Product information ❑ Construction of new building ❑ Budding Elevations ❑ Floor Plans ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Site Plans ❑ Demolition (Projects entailing the demolition of a primary structure or outbuilding, or arty portion of a building, such as porch, chimney, decorative trim, baluster, etc.) ❑ Photographs ❑ Proposal of Future Plans ❑ Repair or restoration of an existing structure that will not change its appearance. ❑ Photographs ■ s1 ❑ Product Information Please contact the Preservation Planner at 356-5243 for materials which need to be included with application. Proposed Project Detatis Project Description: RIEP L IQCif VXI5TISJ (, W {� 1AJ18bUJ-5 i� 17H TELLt4 �R6(i i-rse-:r �rE21 i� ALInM i;uu u GLAZ WO" t=�2F AAC Ix�I6ie�0LJ�5 s FIECTO2t'i 1 Materials to be Used: -F E 1_ t_ A iR P— C 1H 1 T g, e,-7 S F— 12 1 G7 S LJ I t\l 0 P tQS Exterior Appearance Changes: rU 0 N-% T S:\PCD\Hisl Pm\,pp for ,iswHc_mi=.doc 12113 Staff Report Historic Review for 508 Summit Street District: Summit Street Historic District Classification: Contributing June 6, 2014 The applicants, Scott and Jennifer Cappos, are requesting approval for a proposed alteration project at 508 Summit Street, a Contributing property in the Summit Street Historic District. The project consists of the replacement of soffits, roof fascia, and gutters. Applicable Regulations and Guidelines Iowa UtyMstodc Preservation Guidelines £or Alterations 4.14 Wood 10.0 The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation Staff Comments The house at 508 Summit Street is a two story Foursquare c.1910 of ftarne construction. It is a good example of this popular style, and appears to have been unaltered over the years. It features a characteristic full -width porch with heavy porch posts. The hip roof flares at the wide eaves and there are matching hip roof dormers on the front and sides. A two car hip roof garage in back is similar in design to the house. Both the house and the garage are considered contributing structures to the historic district. The proposed project consists of the replacement of soffits, roof fascia, and gutters. The proposed material is aluminum, with a white finish. Work on this project has started and is now partially complete. Photos taken recently show areas with original materials still in place, and areas with new aluminum products installed. The applicants' photos show the most damaged and deteriorated areas of the original soffits and roof fascia. Iowa City's historic review process in is intended to ensure that changes to an historic property will not substantially alter or destroy the defining architectural character of the property. The guidelines for historic review are based on The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation, which promote preservation, protection, repair, and appropriate replacement of historic materials and features. In this case, the applicable Standard states that `deteriorated historic features shall be repaired rather than replaced. Where the severity of deterioration requires replacement of a distinctive feature, the new feature shall match the old in design, color, texture, and other visual qualities and, where possible, materials.' The original soffits and roof fascia on this house are painted wood headboard. The guidelines for Wood (4.14) recommend repairing historic wood elements rather than replacing them. If necessary, the guidelines recommend replacing damaged wood components with new wood components that match the historic ones. The guidelines recommend substituting a material in place of wood only if the substitute material retains the appearance and function of the original wood. The substitute material must be durable, accept paint, and be approved by the Historic Preservation Commission. In Staffs opinion, the proposed work does not comply with the guidelines. Replacement of the deteriorated soffit and fascia is justified and necessary, but the proposed modem aluminum products are not appropriate replacement materials. The proposed aluminum soffit obscures the decorative bed molding located at the top of the frieze board. New wood soffits and trim can be installed to properly enclose and protect the house. Wood substitute materials, such as fiber cement board, are also acceptable. Staff is sympathetic with the applicant's concern regarding raccoons entering the attic, however, repairing the soffit with beadboard or plywood that has a headboard pattern would achieve the same result. To be consistent and fair with other applicants the Commission should adhere to the guidelines. With the exception of the new gutters, which do not require review, Staff recommends denial of this project. Recommended Motion Move to deny a Certificate of Appropriateness for the project at 508 Summit Street, as presented in the application. y r r � r r , J� a Application for Historic Review Application for alterations to the historic landmarks or properties located in a historic district or conservation district pursuant to Iowa City Code Section 14-4C. Guidelines for the Historic Review process, explanation of the process and regulations can be found in the Iowa City Historic Preservation Handbook, which is available in the PCD office at City Hall or online at: www.icgov.org/HPhandbook For Staff Use: Date submitted: ❑ Certificate of No material Effect ❑ Certificate of Appropriateness ❑ Major review ❑ Intermediate review ❑ Minor review The HPC does not review applications for compliance with building and zoning codes. Work must comply with all appropriate codes and be reviewed by the building division prior to the issuance of a building permit. Meeting Schedule: The HI'C meets the second Thursday of each month. Applications are due in the PCD office by noon on Wednesday three weeks prior to the meeting. See attached document for application deadlines and meeting dates. Property Owner/Applicant Information (PlJeasec pratr�v person) ❑ Property weer Name: of / Cd1CY -T�y1191 t 10 Y I "E•i2l Email: [ 6 Address: Slt�iM/ S City: ❑ Contractor / Consultant Name: Email 1 Address: City: Address: .57 Phone Number: ( State: -f IA)A- Zip Code: S2-24D Proposed Project Information Use of Property: r-(S-i d t ' l4 C-'Z' Date Constructed (if known): Historic Designation (Maps are located m the Histcare Presorvaroa Handbcwk) ❑ This property is a local historic landmark. OR ❑ This Property is within a historic or conservation district (choose location): ❑ Brown Street Historic District ❑ College Green Historic District ❑ East College Street Historic District ❑ Northside Historic District ❑ Jefferson Street Historic District ❑ ,,r-ongfellow Historic District okO Summit Street Historic District ❑ Woodlawn Historic District Within the district, this property is classified as: l� Contributing ❑ Noncontributing Zip Code: -5 i J i '?- ❑ Clark Street Conservation District ❑ College Hill Conservation District ❑ Dearborn Street Conservation District ❑ Govemor-Lucas Street Conservation District 11 Nonhistoric Application Requirements Choose appropriate project type. In order to ensure application can be processed, please include all listed materials. Applications without necessary materials may be rejected. ❑ Addition (Typically projects entailing an addition to the building footprint such as a room, porch, deck, etc.) ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Floor Plans ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Site Plans ❑ Alteration (Typically projects entailing work such as siding and window replacement, skylights, window opening alterations, deck or porch replacement/construction, baluster repair, or similar. If the project is a minor alteration, photographs and drawings to describe the scope of the project are sufficient.) ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Construction of new building ❑ Building Elevations ❑ Floor Plans ❑ Photographs ❑ Product Information ❑ Site Plans ❑ Demolition (Projects entailing the demolition of a primary structure or outbuilding, or any portion of a building, such as porch, chimney, decorative trim, baluster, etc.) /O Photographs ❑ Proposal of Future Plans LrReeair or restoration of an existing structure that will not change its appearance. Photographs Y" Product Information ❑ Other: Please contact the Preservation Planner at 356-5243 for materials which need to be included with application. Proposed Project Details Project Description: Materials to be Used: Q lumi !1LkV) N ` S:TCDV-list Pres%spp_for historic_review.doc pe Ywya Q .-el ttex_ tz�t3 G'qq-�herh '�''�1`iZys Mal)i� ho�S All prOrey�✓�- I am writing in regard to 508 Summit Street, located in a designated historic district in Iowa City. In August of 2013, my husband, children and I moved to this property from our previous home located at 515 Oakland Avenue, within that same historic district. I would like to inform the board that I have chosen all of my adult life to purchase and reside in older homes because, as an Iowa native, I treasure the quality and materials that can only be found in vintage properties. My husband and I don't want to live in a newer neighborhood despite the ease and convenience that comes with new construction because we value historical homes. We are very respectful of the need to preserve the singular beauty of the unique Longfellow neighborhood. It was due to this dedication to historical preservation, as I'm sure your records will reflect that we sought approval before adding an addition to our Oakland Avenue home to accommodate our growing family. We were delighted when the Summit Street house became available for purchase. We were able to afford it because, frankly, this historical gem had been sorely neglected and fallen into such disrepair that it was close to unrecoverable. It is impossible to calculate the amount of time and effort provided by not only our immediate family, but friends, extended family, neighbors and others in bringing this jewel of a home back to life. We have done an extensive and costly renovation of our home, including the exterior. Unfortunately, the previous owners leased this home to various tenants who did nothing to protect or maintain it. We went to great pains to paint, landscape, repair and preserve what could be reasonably be preserved in a home left to decay for years. Currently at issue is our use of aluminum soffits. It is worth noting here that when we assumed possession of our Oakland Avenue home it already had aluminum soffits, and when we sought approval to modify our Oakland Avenue home, there was no mention whatsoever of a problem with this material. When we purchased our home, the remnants of the original wooden soffits were still in place. These had rotted to the point that raccoons had breached them and were living in the attic; which we restored and now use as recreational space for our young children. Even a cursory internet search on the issues of raccoons invading homes will show how persistent they are in gaining entry, especially once they have found refuge in the same location before. Very common entry areas include soffit vents, gable vents, and other roof vents. Raccoons can carry rabies and evidence found in our attic indicates that there was an entire nest of raccoons. We do not want to take any chances that a protective pregnant or nursing raccoon would re-enter our home and pose a very real threat to our family, either from disease or trauma from biting and scratching. We feel that the use of aluminum soffits is a responsible choice, considering previous animal infestations in this home. As an aside we have also found five bats in our home, another vector of rabies, and also an animal facing significant loss of habitat. We appreciate the value of bats in the eco-system, but we do not want them around our family in our home and aluminum soffits will help keep them outside where they belong. At significant cost, we have now fortified and weatherproofed our home. In doing so, we elected to use a newer material, aluminum, for the soffits to be sure our home is as protected as possible for as long as possible. Therefore, as you can imagine, I was extremely distressed to receive a notice that an issue had been reported to the Historical Preservation Society regarding our choice to use aluminum instead of less durable wood that had already been compromised. Again, this issue was never even mentioned when we added a room to our Oakland Avenue home, so it is difficult for us to understand why it is being raised now. Due to the care, safety issues in regard to raccoons returning to a former place of refuge, significant financial investment, time, labor, and love that myself, my family, and my friends have devoted to restoring this home, we respectfully request to continue with our installation of aluminum soffits as planned. Sincerely, Scott, Jennifer, Sam and Amelia Cappos From: Admin <catchemcrittersna.gmail.com> Bate: May 14, 2014 at 8:45:45 AM CDT To: Jennifer Cappos <cqpposfamilyA)=ail.com> Subject: Re: 508 summit st Hi Jennifer, I found the pictures this morning... sorry I won't be able to write up anything formal as time is short. I at least wanted to get these photos to you. They kind of speak for themselves. Basically, your aluminum soffit adds a layer of protection and doesn't rot or rust, thus providing greater longevity to your soffit integrity. Also, if installed for a tight fit (esp. no small gaps at soffit/roof intersections) they can help deter bats. Take care, Ben Stutzman Catch'em Critters, LLC. 319-936-7132 G u 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Ail Pro Home Inspections PO Box 2987Iowa City 1A 52244, Ph (319) 337-6614, Fax (866)872-8589 ; Exterior COMPONENT CONDITION _ ACTION RECOMMENDED.PERSPECTIVE - - Siding: Trim/fasciaslsoffim Veneer: Doors: Windows: Hose faucets: Electrical cable: Exterior electrical: ents Needs afntin MalorConcern ents Repair _ Ma'or Concern nt No Action Needed ents UAcceptableNo Re lace Minor Concern ents Repair Ma'or Concern le No Action Needed le No Action Needed le No Action Needed Siding type: Wooc 10 Veneer type: None 11 Trim/fascias type: Wood 12 508 INFORMATION 13 Window Type: Double Huna & Casement 14 Window material: Door type: Wood 15 Electric �service �cable: Overhead The fascia eaves and soffit at the ext dor of th ho s a de 8yed pe t damaged and in poor - condition and will need extensive repair. Obtain estimates of repair for these exterior elements I� (see phi sl f:n[33iQT. iai'-iTi Mry.5i iiai .TgT1 u ❑ : 11.Uq Imbill I•. -r. ..�. �. .r '1 :� �.. r• TA 52240- Jennifer Cappos - - Page 3. of 17 —VYnginauu. w+ Re le geao M,mc.•Anngl6ar MMd.Fevlff g 7 INSPECTION PHOTO$ Exterior # EX1 r - we Scrape & pair,l exterior Exterior #EX3 Replace decayed soffit & fascia Exterior # EX6 Typical decayed storm window Exterior Replace decayed soffit & fascip Exterior Rear view of house Exterior Decayed North side storm door # EX2 # E T4 # EX6 508 S Summit Street, Iowa City, IA 52240 1=! Io,::. Cite i�18iu%'1C PiCS4'!�`�i11Ue7 {_.G�'1:i13'��St;1}. MEMORANDUM Date: June 6, 2014 To: Historic Preservation Commission From: Cheryl Peterson, Preservation Consultant Re: Certificates of No Material Effect, Minor Reviews, and Intermediate Reviews The Historic Preservation Handbook requires a report to the HPC at each meeting of any projects that have been approved administratively. Below are the projects approved since the May report. Certificates of No Material Effect — Chair and Staff review 108 S. Dodge Street/College Green Historic District - repair of the porch 1110 E. College Street/East College Street Historic District - replacement of balustrade on teat screened porch/deck 214 Davenport Street/ Northside Historic District - replacement of the roof on the garage 1012 Washington Street/College Hill Conservation District - repair of the front porch Minor Review — Pre -approved items — Staff review 528 S. Lucas Street/ Governor -Lucas Street Conservation District Intermediate Review — Chair and Staff review 428 S. Governor Street/Governor/Lucas Street Conservation District - repair of the porch and replacement of the front steps Federal Emergency Management Agency Public Meeting Comment Form Iowa City historic Preservation Commission Meeting April 10, 2014 ON - Address Iowa City Historic Preservation Commission 410 E. Washington Street Iowa City, IA 52240 bob-miklo n@iowa-ci .or Email (Please print) Please list in order of preference historic preservation projects that you suggest as mitigation measures to offset the adverse effects to historic properties, resulting from FEMA funded undertakings for the University of Iowa. Relocation of the School of Music — Adverse Effects to Henry Sabin Elementary School, and Archaeological site 13JH1436: 1. Salvage the three entrance archways from the Henry Sabin School for reuse in a public park or school. 2. Salvage the main archway for use in a public park or school and supplement this with an educational program aimed at teaching school students about historic buildings and neighborhoods. (We understand that a similar program was developed by Friends of Historic Preservation and used in Iowa City Schools in the 1990s). 3. Prepare a National Register nomination for Horace Mann School and supplement this with an educational program aimed at teaching school students about historic buildings and neighborhoods. Repair of Iowa Memorial Union — Adverse Effects to Archaeological Site 13JH1440: The Commission concurs with the documentation and educational programs proposed. Please return this form to a FEMA or State of Iowa representative at today's meeting or fax it to 515-725-9408. Comments may also be submitted via email to Eric.Wieland@fema dhs.gov or Teri.Tove(0ema.dhs.eov Mailed comments may be sent to: FEMA Environmental Planning and Historic Preservation (EHP) C/o Iowa Recovery Bureau, IHSEMD 7900 Hickman Road, Suite 500 Windsor Heights, IA 50324 NPS Form 10-900-a AUG.r gnp9 OMB No. 1024-0018 (March 1992) GWG United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form This form is used for documenting multiple property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in How to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 16B). Complete each item by entering the requested information. For additional space, use continuation sheets (Form 10-900-a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all items. X New Submission Amended Submission A. Name of Multiple Property Listing Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 B. Associated Historic Contexts (Name each associated historic context, identifying theme, geographical area, and chronological period for each.) Country Schools of Iowa, 1848-1952 Town Schools of Iowa, 1848-1952 City Schools of Iowa, 1848-1952 C. Form Prepared by nameltitle Peggy Beedle and Camilla Deiber organization The Louis Berger Group, Inc. date 2002 street & number 950 5oth Street telephone (319) 373-3043 city or town Marion state Iowa zip code 52302 D. Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, I hereby certify that this documentation form meets the National Register documentation standards and sets forth requirements for the listing of related properties consistent with the National Register criteria. This submission meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60 and the Secretary of the eri s Standards an Guidelines for Archeology and Historic Preservation. ( See continuation sheet for additional comments.) q. . L sNPa 4,M,1t2s- 200,R Signature and title of ertifvinq official I I Date IF I �TF HI.CT(9AFCAI SOCIETY OF IOWA _ State or Federal agency and oreau I hereby certify that this multiple property documentation form has been approved by the National Register as a basis for evaluating related properties for listing in the National Register. Signature of the Keeper Date of Action USD11NPS NRHP Multiple Property Documentation Form Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change: 1848-1966 Name of Multiple Property Listing) Table of Contents for Written Narrative Iowa State Provide the fallowing Information on continuation sheets. Cite the letter and the title before each section of the narrative. Assign page numbers according to the instructions for continuation sheets in Haw to Complete the Multiple Property Documentation Form (National Register Bulletin 168). Fill in page numbers for each section in the space below. Page Numbers E. Statement of Historic Contexts.................................................................................. E-4-27 III more than one historic context la documented, present them In sequential order.) ...... E-4 DEVELOPMENT OF IOWA SCHOOL SYSTEM ................. ............................... ........ E-4 COUNTRY SCHOOLS .............................................. ....... E-9 TOWNSCHOOLS......................................................._....:................._.......,................. E-10 Nineteenth -Century Schools..................................................................................... E-10 Progressive -Era Schools........................................................................................... E-1 I Twentieth -Century Schools........ ...... ......... ........................... _ ... ..................... 4.. E-12 CITY SCHOOLS..... TheModem School................................................................. Platoon Schools ... ............... .... ........ ................ ........ .............. .. PWASchools..........................-.........._...--......................._ _ Post -World War II School Construction ................................. SPECIAL EDUCATION IN IOWA.................................. CONCLUSION..... LIST OF FIGURES ..........E-16 ................................ E-26 ................................ E-26 Trends in School Construction in Iowa .................. 4.............. ........ ........... ___ ........... ....E-8 RedfieldSchool .... ..................... ......... ............................. ........ -..... .. ......... .......... ............ E-14 RedfieldSchool............................................................................................................... E-15 GreenfieldSchool............................................................................................................E-18 GreenfieldSchool . ......... ................ ............... ..................... .................. ......... ..... .......... ...E-19 GreenfieldSchool............................................................................................................ E-20 LIST OF PLATES First Graded School in Iowa ................. Larrabee School .................. I.- ... I......... ................. E-5 .4............... E-12 F. Associated Property Types........................................................................................F-28-36 (Provide description, significance, and registration requirements.) G. Geographical Data ........................................... .................................................... G-37 H. Summary of Identification and Evaluation Methods ....... ............................................. H-38-39 (Discuss the methods used in developing the multiple property listing.) Reconnaissance -Level Survey...... -•-................_.....----•-..........._.......----..................... 11-38 Intensive -Level Survey ....... ............... ........................ .......... ..................... ....... ................ H-38 Contextual Research and Resource Evaluation...................................................... ......... H-38 Recommendations for Future Survey Eiforts.................. ................................................H-39 USDI/NPS NRHP Multiple Property Documentation Form Public Scbools for Iowa: Growth and Change: 1848-1966 Iowa Name of Multiple Property Listing) State • Page Numbers I. Major Bibliographical References.................................................................................I-40-43 (List major written works and primary location of additional documentation: State Historic Preservation Office, other State agency, Federal agency, local government, university, or other, specifying repository.) Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.). Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 120 hours per response including the time for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Chief, Administrative Services Division, National Park Service, P.O. Box 37127, Washington, DC 20013-7127; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reductions Project (1024-001 R), Washington, DC 20503. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-00181 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 4 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1849-1966 E. STATEMENT OF RISTORIC CONTEXTS Introduction This historical context will explore the establishment of the school system in Iowa and the development of school architecture as related to the three school types: country, town, and city. The United States Census now defines an area with a population fewer than 2,500 as rural and more than that number as urban. The general definition of a town is a place with clustered buildings where people live and work. It is an essentially social entity. A city has a political definition: it is an incorporated municipality, usually with a mayor -city council form of government. Before 1972, the terms "city" and "town" were used interchangeably in the Iowa Code. After that year, the term "town" was no longer used, and a city was defined as any incorporated municipality without regard to size (State Law Library of Iowa 2002). For the purposes of this report, a rural school will be defined in its traditional way as a one -room country school. Town schools will be those in cities under 25,000 in population; and city schools will be those in any larger municipality. The one -room schoolhouse, once an integral part of the Iowa landscape, was a multi -functional building. Classes for different grade levels, music, and recreation all took place within the confines of this single room. In Henry Barnard's School Architecture, written in 1849, there were plans for one -room schools that seated as many as eighty students. In areas of large population, children of different age groups were separated into two or more rooms. In larger schools, each floor was divided into four rooms, separated by a cross -shaped hall. Classrooms and recitation rooms were on the upper floors, while the privies and cloakrooms, along with certain specialized rooms such as chemistry laboratories, were in the basement. School consolidation is also described in Barnard: A union of two or more districts for the purpose of maintaining in each a school for the younger children, and in the center of the associated districts a school for the older children or all, or, what would be better, a consolidation of two or more districts into one, for these and all other school purposes, would do away with the almost insuperable difficulties which now exist in country districts, in the way of comfortable and attractive school -houses, as well as thoroughly governed and instructed schools (Barnard t 849:114). Eventually, the movement to consolidate schools led to growth in the size of schools and school districts that was accompanied by increased specialization in instruction. These changes are illustrated in the development of Iowa schools and in the changing designs of Iowa school architecture. Development of the Iowa School System Education went hand in hand with the settlement of Iowa. When Iowa was made part of Michigan Territory in 1834, the laws pertaining to education in that state extended into Iowa Territory. The first school conducted in Iowa was in Lee County. The first schoolhouse was constructed in Dubuque circa t833. When Iowa Territory was organized in NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-00181 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number F Page _j Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 r i,.uic w4 P%A51-" A N I 1 I IIri IiTIII' I'I r First Graded School in Iowa State Historical Society Archives 1838, there were between 40 and 50 established schools (Aumer 1912 1:5), The state constitution made provision for a "system of common schools" with a Superintendent of Public Instruction as the system head. The state constitution was revised in 1857. In 1858, the legislature passed an education bill that made the civil township the official school district, while towns with more than 1,000 residents ( a number later lowered to 300) could become independent districts. County superintendents were elected to supervise the township and independent schools. The Iowa State Board of Education supervised the local districts. Wayne Palmer Truesdell, in his thesis "A History of School Organization and Superintendence in Iowa", considered 1858 as the end of the first period of Iowa education: that of the "establishment of the common school under lay control" and the beginning of the second period: the `struggle for better schools through larger districts, better trained teachers, and better supervision" (1965:4). This period lasted until 1913 and saw the development of the graded school and the rise of the high school. In the 1960s graded schools were supported by Iowa's educators. Plans for such schools were developed in city schools, such as Burlington, which produced a plan for graded schools and a high school in 1864. The Des Moines high school enrolled its first students in the same vear. This trend was also followed in small towns. In Bonaparte, the local independent school district purchased an unsuccessful private academy building in 1871 for use as a public school building. In 1887, the school had four departments: 1) primary, enrollment 51: "the little ones are kept busy with pencils, sticks, rings and other kindergarten goods, so that the time never tags, and the first days are made very pleasant ones'; 2) intermediate, enrollment 53: "work is being done in language and in the development of the special senses'; 3) grammar, enrollment 40: "thorough work is being done in the common NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-00181 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 branches of this department, preparatory to the high school'; 4) high school: enrollment 38. High school courses included algebra, philosophy, physiology, zoology, botany, bookkeeping, civil govemment and rhetoric (Horstman 1987: np). By 1873 there were over 400 graded schools in the state. The real development of this school came in the 1880s, along with other social changes that occurred in Iowa and throughout the country. With increasing industrialization and an urban population that was growing as a result of immigration and the movement of rural people into towns, different jobs skills and more education were needed. An 1849 statute established the parameters for high schools in Iowa. Under this law the city of Muscatine constructed a building in 1851 in which algebra, geometry, astronomy, physiology, history, natural philosophy, and bookkeeping were taught (Aumer 1912 III: 174). In 1856, Dubuque made plans for a high school, which would offer courses beyond grammar school, and prepare students for college. The 1858 school law provided for county high schools. Dubuque and Johnson counties attempted to organize high schools under this provision, but Dubuque was unable to decide on a location before this provision was repealed. In 1970, revised statutes gave the initiative for high schools to the voting public; any town of 2,000 inhabitants could petition a vote to establish a high school. The Guthrie County High School in Panora was organized under this law. It opened in 1876 with two teachers and 50 pupils who came from 14 of the 16 townships (Aumer 1912 MAW). Some township high schools were organized under the 1858 law. Examples are Monticello and Fairfax in Linn County, and Bradford in Chickasaw County. During the same period, some of the union schools contained high schools. Interest in the institution grew in the 1960s and 1870s with the development of required training for elementary teachers and the general feeling that a higher level of education should be made available to all citizens. In 1888, there were 130 independent districts in the state with high schools (Aumer 1912 IH:236). By the turn of the century the high school was in its current form. One of the reasons for the interest in high schools was the acknowledged need for qualified country school teachers. In 1870, "out of 12,500 teachers in this State only a few more than 750 had attended any training school" (Aumer 1912 I11:105). In 1853, a private normal school (teacher training school) had been established in 'troy, Iowa, and others were established in various cities. In an experimental plan put into effect in Woodbine in 1887, the public high school and normal school were combined. In addition to teacher training, there were classes in industrial and commercial subjects. Students outside the school district were charged tuition to attend. The Woodbine expenment proved successful. An addition to the existing school was constructed in 1887; in 1891. another addition was needed. Enrollment registers from 1891-1892 show students from fourteen counties in Iowa and from other states such as Nebraska, Ohio, and Wyoming. By the 1890s, a four-year normal -training course was offered. Normal training was established in other Iowa high schools as a standard part of the curriculum. In small high schools, a student could be certified to teach a one -room country school by taking a certain regimen of high school NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No, 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 7 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 courses. Some high schools, such as Ottumwa High, constructed in 1922, and Atlantic High, constructed in 1935, had specialized normal training rooms. With the Progressive Era in the United States (1890-1920) came great changes in industrial and technological development and in attitude. There was "great optimism that the powers of the state under their [Progressive] leadership could harness the productive capacity of capitalism to ensure the material progress of all classes.. . .Material progress was the desired end; institutional and organizational consolidation was the means to that end (Reynolds 1999:3). During this time there was much progress in agricultural mechanization as well as in other areas. Cars, telephones, and such services as rural free delivery improved the material life of farmers. The more prosperous farmers sent their children to high schools as tuition students. The changes of the Progressive Era prompted the emergence of the Country Life movement. The quality of education in rural schools became a focus of the movement as part of a more generalized concern to bring rural residents the benefits of urban living. Professional educators expressed their concern about the "Rural School Problem," much of which was focused on local control of schools. From this interest in the quality of rural schools began the consolidation movement in the state. Proponents of consolidation proposed a "rural school that would teach country children sound values and vocational skills. The result was to be a standardized, modernized `community' in which leadership came from the professionals" (Tyack 1974:23). Aumer praised the "more progressive communities [which] did not wait for the enactment of any statutes," and "the state experiments in consolidation" that "were demonstrating its feasibility" (1912 11:143). According to George S. May, the farmer, with his "suspicion of the city" (May 1956:38), was the main opponent of consolidation. Proponents of consolidation worked to change this attitude by emphasizing the superiority of the consolidated school over the one -room country school, a superiority that was worth any increase in taxes (May 1956:41). In a recent study on school consolidation, David R. Reynolds states that rural school consolidation "produced more conflict than any other educational issue placed before Iowa voters in the twentieth century" (Reynolds 1999:85). He delineated six "major" issues in the farmers' concerns about consolidation. 1. The imposition of consolidation upon districts that did not want or need it. 2. The loss of local control of schools, especially in the hiring of teachers. 3. Higher property taxes, up to a fourfold increase in some areas, as a result of consolidation. 4. Disproportionately higher taxes on the rural residents in a consolidated district. 5. The busing of small children to school. 6. Whether or not the country school was "beyond redemption." NP3 Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 8 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 In 1906, the Iowa legislature passed the Consolidation Act, but Truesdell considered the beginning of the consolidation period to be 1913, when state funding was given to school districts that successfully consolidated. In order to receive state aid, the consolidated districts had to meet grounds and building requirements, have acceptable public transportation of students, certified teachers, an agriculture experiment plot, and the proper equipment to teach agriculture, home economics and manual training. Trends in School Construction in Iowa 350 300 1910 1920 91 250 I I 2001 150 I 1 1930 100 1yp0 50 1880 1890 1940 0 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 Before I913 there were 17 consolidated districts in Iowa. By 1917 there were 239 (Fuller 1917:332). It was the belief that consolidated schools gave "untold educational value to the country school children of Iowa. The course of study has been enriched by the introduction of agriculture, manual training, and home making, resulting in an education revival" (Brown 1922:np). According to Truesdell, a third period ran from 1922 to 1953, which he called the period of stalemate, during which the small consolidated and independent districts remained the same. In 1935, there were 4,879 school districts in the state, ranging in size from 80 acres to 72 square miles (Williams 1936:8). Of these, 2,812 were rural, either school - township or rural independent districts. There were 410 consolidated districts and 646 city, town, or village districts. A final period in Truesdell's descriptive scheme extended to 1965 and was a period of realization characterized by growth in school distnet size, curriculum, and teacher competence. During this period the average district size increased from less than 16 square miles in 1951-1952 to 97 square miles in 1963-1964. Between 1954 and 1960, the number of school districts in the state decreased from 4,417 to 1,575, mainly as a result of the closing of country schools, but also owing to the closing of "small, inefficient high schools" (Wright 1960: 6). Small high schools, with an enrollment of under 200, were considered to be one of the biggest problems with the educational system in the state. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 9 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 Country Schools (Adapted from One -Room Country Schools of Iowa) To any traveler through pre -World War II rural Iowa, the country school was a familiar sight. Solitary, yet reassuring, it marked the center of neighborhoods, gave identity to the community, and displayed commitment to the education of future generations. Unpretentious, like the common farm families it served, the country school represented the essence of rural Iowa. The country school resembled the country church in style: a long narrow rectangle, with windows on one or both sides, front entrance and a gable roof. The typical nineteenth-century dimensions for a country school were 18 feet wide and 28 feet long. For the most part, this American vernacular style utilized commercial materials: dimension lumber, bricks, concrete block, wood shingles, and local limestone, although some log schools remained in use for many years, and a few stone schools were constructed. While there were plan books available, most country schools were designed and built by local craftsmen. The typical building procedure was to lay a foundation of stone and mortar and the chimney, frame up the building, add the clapboard siding, sheet the roof and shingle it, and perhaps add a bell tower or a flag spar. The work was done by craftsmen and crew, but often local people contributed labor in order to reduce the cost. The cost of a school building in 1900 was between $600 and $800. The country school was typically located at the crossroads of a four -section area. Because of this central location, no child would have to walk more than two miles in any direction. Occasionally local politics, large families, or changing demographics dictated another location. Some schools were constructed on skids to accommodate moves to other locations. School sites were normally in a corner of a section, in order to minimize disruption on the neighboring farm. The sites were one acre in size, fenced off from the farmland, with trees along the property line. Except for the earliest schools, when land was purchased from speculators or the government, the land was purchased from, or donated by, the farmer. If the site was abandoned, the land reverted to the original owner. Wells were considered too expensive, and water was carried daily from the closest farmstead. Playground equipment became popular after 1900, usually a set including a swing, a bar, and a slide. Various outdoor games were played, and baseball was popular. Separate privies for boys and girls were set in the comers at the back of the lot, and woodsheds were near the school. While popular folklore pictured the "little red schoolhouse," the vast majority of Iowa schoolhouses were painted white, partly to reflect the sun and partly because of tradition. Until 1920, nearly all Iowa country schools had gable roofs. In the 1920s hipped -roofed structures, with inset porches, began to appear, with a corresponding addition in width to about 32 feet. A few flat -roofed, cube -style "International" schools were built in the early 1940s. On all of the schools, bell towers were uncommon. Those schools that were adorned with bell towers were usually in more prosperous communities. The internal stepped- NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 10 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 brick chimney was centered on the roof ridge. Coal or wood -burning stoves sat toward the back of the classroom with the stovepipe running the length of the room to the chimney behind the teacher's desk. When furnaces were added in the t920s, basements were dug and the chimney was sometimes moved to the side of the building. By the 1890s cloakrooms or entryways were part of the standard design of country schools. In the nineteenth century there was usually a bank of three double -hung sash windows on the 28-foot sides of the school building. Around the turn of the century there was some controversy regarding the placement of the windows. It was believed that lighting should come from one direction only, and the preferred window placement was on the west side of the building (Gulliford 1996:193-196). Before electricity, schools had kerosene lamps attached to the walls. In the 1920s, when electricity began to appear in rural areas, some districts were willing to pay the additional cost to bring a line to the school. In the 1930s the rural electrification movement brought electric lights to the remaining schools. The greatest contrast among country schools was in classroom equipment. Here the district's prosperity, or lack thereof, and a commitment to providing quality education were most evident. There was usually a built-in bookcase to house a library. Student desks, singles or doubles, and a recitation bench varied somewhat from building to building, but it was the size and design of the teacher's desk, the presence of a pump organ or piano, wall maps, globes, and curtains that distinguished schools from one another. Blackboards ranged from painted wood to slate. While the austere exterior symbolized the practical, the interior reflected the community's concern for the children. The consolidation movement was the beginning of the end of the country school. Consolidation proceeded slowly at first and advanced more rapidly when state funding to consolidated districts became available. Consolidation has ultimately succeeded; in 1972 there were only 472 school districts in the state, and no public one -room schools (Sage 1974:330). Town Schools Nineteenth -Century Schools Nineteenth-century school style resembled church architecture. In general the schools had a square, boxy shape, with a prominent bell tower that was based on the church steeple. The location was often on a high promontory overlooking the town. An excellent example of this is the Vernon School, situated on a hill overlooking the town and river, and the College Squares sites in Ottumwa and Bonaparte. The Vernon School, constructed in 1868 and designed by Riley Cass, in the Italianate style, is a two-story building that has a cruciform plan, and an 80-foot tall bell tower. The foundation is stone, and the walls are brick. There is an entrance hall with doors into the two schoolrooms, and there are stairs to the upper floor. There is one large classroom and one smaller recitation room on the first floor. Upstairs, there is one large classroom that was used for the high school. The floors are wide boards. The upper walls are plaster with a 3-foot wood wainscot below. There are large nine -over -six light, double -hung windows. The ceilings on both floors are 16-feet high. During the period NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 11 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 when stoves were used to heat the classrooms, there was a basement coal room under the entrance hall. The school was electrified in 1950. Separate privies for boys and girls are outside. Nineteenth-century schools have been described as being very unpleasant. They were cold in the winter, hot in the summer, and had inadequate lighting and ventilation. Children complained of headaches from lack of fresh air. During the Progressive Era, with the development of new technological capabilities, educators focused on school design solutions that addressed these problems. Progressive -Era Schools In 1886, Governor William L. Larrabee gave an address to the State Teachers Association on The Ideal School. Regarding physical characteristics he stated: The acquisition of knowledge should be made as pleasant as possible to the pupil. ...The air which the child breathes should not be allowed to become vitiated. Fresh air should be constantly admitted to the school- room ... The room should be properly heated ....The light should be regulated by blinds or curtains, and children's eyes should not be taxed by too bright nor by too dim light .... Children should be frequently given an opportunity to exercise their bodies, their arms, their legs, their fingers and their feet ... all modem improvements for heating and ventilating should be introduced, and school apparatuses and furniture should be complete and modem (Larrabee 1886). Larrabee built a school for his town that would fix all the problems encountered in nineteenth-century schools. No expense was spared; the total cost was about $150,000. Governor Larrabee died, however, before the school was completed, His wife gave an address on its opening: When Mr. Larrabee was a little boy he lived in Connecticut, and the schoolhouse was not much larger than this stage [about 10 feet wide and 25 feet long). The stove was in the center of the room and the seats were around the outside. He had the headache almost every day, and he thought the air in the room was not good. When our children attended school they had eye trouble and headache from the same cause, and he realized the ventilation of the schoolrooms was imperfect. And Mr. Larrabee thought the children of Clermont were entitled to the best to be had, as he loved Clermont and her people. We studied hygiene, school architecture, particularly heating and ventilating, talked with leading educators and the result is that this building is as perfect as it could be made and we hope it will prove an example to other communities. It is built for time, it is fireproof... (Clermont Historical Society 1987:62). The school opened in 1912. The architect was Charles A. Dieman from Cedar Rapids, Iowa. The school was constructed of stone, brick, concrete, steel, and marble. The only wood in the school was the stage floor. There was marble wainscoting in the halls. The first floor consisted of four classrooms, a recitation room, and a principal's office. The second floor had a large high-school room, a recitation room, the auditorium, and a museum and art room, in which Larrabee family memorabilia were displayed, was open to the public. The basement contained the manual training and domestic science rooms, the lunchroom, and the washroom. Each classroom had a separate ventilation duct; fresh air was circulated from the attic. NIPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number p Page r? Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 Although the school was fireproof and had good lighting and ventilation, the design of the building and the interior layout was similar to that of the schools depicted in Barnard's 1849 publication. There was a center entry door, and the cross -shaped hall separated the four classrooms. The lunchroom and washroom were in the basement. In contrast, the Bonaparte School, which was built three years later, had bathrooms on the main floors, which permitted "adequate ventilation and plenty of light and sunshine, thus securing ideal sanitation, by eliminating the disagreeable odor usually prevalent in Schools where the sanitaries are located in an out-of-the-way corner in the basement" (Horstman 1987). Twentieth -Century Schools At the national level, three architects, John J. Donovan, Dwight Perkins, and William B. Ittner, emerged from the Progressive Era as leaders in innovative school design. They "were disciples of the city beautiful idea, and felt that architects should design a building so that it would enhance its surroundings," and believed that the architect should work closely with professional educators to design a workable school (Meiborg 1970:41). Their influence extended nationwide during the 1920s and 1930s. The most striking innovation was in the school layout. Traditional schools were massive, square buildings. The "modern school," in contrast had an open plan, in an I, L, or U shape, with a main entrance that was the architectural focal point of the building. Ittner applied his universal principles to schools for small towns as well as cities. The main distinction between the two was that of size. A municipality with a population of under 8,000 needed only one building housing all grades, Larrabee School Montauk Archives NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 13 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 which could share facilities. For towns with populations between 8,000 and 15,000, two school buildings were needed. He believed that junior and senior high schools should be combined in one building if the total school enrollment did not exceed 1,000. In cities with more than 15,000 inhabitants, three separate buildings were needed (Meiborg 1970:48). The design and layout of all schools was similar. In a small school, there were more combined -use rooms, particularly the auditorium and gymnasium, when there were "not sufficient numbers to insure a reasonably continuous use of both auditorium and gymnasium as distinct quarters" (Inner 1922:25). In this situation, the gymnasium was constructed with brick walls and either a concrete or wood floor for basketball, with permanent or moveable bleachers on one long wall, and the stage on the opposite wall, usually set several feet above the gym floor. Other multiple -use possibilities included a combined gymnasium/cafeteria, study hall/library, physics/chemistry classroom and laboratory, and a biology/agriculture classroom. The Bonaparte School was constructed in Bonaparte, Iowa, in 1915. The school was designed by Underhill and Dean of Kansas City in a basic I -shape, 135 feet in length, 62 feet in depth, and three stories in height. The first floor contained classrooms for the grade school, the second for the high school, and the basement had rooms used by both. There was a combined assembly room/study hall/library on the second floor. The public was also allowed to use the library. A 1915 newspaper article about the new school noted that the plan "was the endeavor to depart from the conventional grade school building" (Horstman 1987:np). However, the school did have the traditional bell tower. Clermont High School, constructed in 1924, is a good example of a modern, town high school. The two-story building has a combined gymnasium/auditorium located on the first floor, with classrooms, study hall, and adjoining library on the upper floor. Although some consolidated schools were constructed in the country, they were also located in small towns, and for the purposes of this study such schools will be considered town schools. An example, the Redfield Consolidated School District, was organized in 1920- It comprised twenty-eight sections, with a high school enrollment of 109 and an elementary enrollment of 246. Seven motor buses transported 164 children to and from school. The Redfield school building stood three stories and had a basement that housed the gymnasium and lockers in addition to the boiler room. The first floor consisted of the upper part of the gymnasium, classrooms, and the manual training room. The domestic science room, the lunch room, and additional classrooms comprised the second floor. The combined study hall/auditorium, with a stage/library, was located on the third floor, along with the science laboratory and recitation rooms (see pages 14-15). Smaller schools had the typical combined auditorium/gymnasium. In addition, consolidated schools had a community room, as the school was meant to be the focal point of the area, with picnics and other social events held at the school or on the school grounds (Brown 1922). NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-00181 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 14 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 bAbt MENT PLAN Redfield School Brown f922 NPS Form 10-900-a OM8 No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page I5 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 riXsr rLaar-rtnN 5FCORP rLoor 7LAi Redfield School Brown 1922 NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018i United States Department of the Interior National hark Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 16 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 City Schools Early Iowa city schools resembled their rural counterparts: students of varying ages attended class in a one -room building. As cities expanded, public school systems were developed with graded elementary schools and high schools, which were started in Des Moines and Burlington by 1864. However, high school attendance was not mandatory, and was often reserved for those students planning to attend college. Furthermore, many of the schools were not in buildings constructed exclusively for that use. Late nineteenth-century city school buildings, such as the Sioux City High School and the Smith Elementary of the same town, were constructed of stone in the Romanesque style. They were two -or three-story structures, with comer turrets and crenetlated square -tower entrances. The twentieth century saw the greatest number of new schools constructed in Iowa (see figure, page E-8). Most of these follow the modem design characteristics and layout. Tire "Modern School" By 1920, the concerns about fireproofing, heating, sanitation, ventilation, and adequate lighting, which had been the major concerns of the Progressive Era, had been addressed. The architects were also concemed with design, and attempted to rid schools of the "schoolhouse look." The 1920s. were a time of school building in Iowa and throughout the country. World War I had postponed many building plans, and there was also a population surge that resulted in many new schools. In 1915, St. Louis architect William B. Inner, "probably the most influential figure in the modem development of school design" designed the high school in Greenfield, Ohio, considered to be a "typical example of the modem high school" (Reitzes 1989:271)- The school was longer than it was deep, with a central hallway. The auditorium and gymnasium were in separate wings to the rear. Two publications, John J. Donovan's School Architecture: Principles and Practices, published in 1921, and "High School Buildings and Grounds," Bulletin 23 of the Bureau of Education, Department of the Interior, written by William B. Hiner and printed in 1922, illustrated the current trends and beliefs regarding school design and construction, and how design was influenced by the educational methods of the time. Salient points were: Setting: the school site should be on fairly level ground, set back from the street so that the students were not bothered by traffic noise, with adequate space for sports and recreational activities. Schools should be centrally Iocated away from industrial or any hazardous areas. 2. Corridors: The design should make it easy and quick for students to enter and exit the school, and reach their classrooms in optimum time. 3. Kindergartens: Kindergarten was considered to be a transition from the family to school, a place where children spent most of their time playing. Donovan advocated homey, comfortable NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 17 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 kindergarten rooms with fireplaces, curtained windows, plants, with space for pets, gardens, and a private playground outside. Music and art activities should take place in the kindergarten room, rather than in a separate room. 4. Elementary grades: The standard classroom had a large block of windows on one wall, with blackboards and corkboards on the interior walls. There were bookcases, and a teacher's wardrobe, and each room had a fresh air intake and exhaust vents. Specialized education, such as music, took place in a separate room. 5. Physical Education: Donovan believed that the public would demand good physical education in elementary schools, as well as high schools. Thus, elementary schools should be furnished with gymnasiums, at the minimum. 6. Specialized Study: In elementary grades, rooms for music, art, and science should be provided. 7. Assembly Hall or Auditorium: This should be easily accessible, and used by both school and community, which would bring both closer together. Junior High Schools, either two or three grades, were considered so new that it was difficult to present a standard course of study. In general, there needed to be regular classrooms, specialized music, art, and science rooms, and separate gymnasiums and auditoriums. William B. inner, in "High School Buildings and Grounds," firmly stated that his universal principles should be adapted to local conditions, not imposed on a site or school situation. Furthermore, there was a strong connection between the building plan and operating plan of schools. His principles and designs emphasized safety, adequate lighting, good sanitation, practical economy and architectural beauty. ittner believed that the best schools were two stories tall with no basement, and that three stories with no basement was better than a school with two stories and a basement. The heating and plumbing plant should be in a separate building. He did not think there were any educational advantages to one-story schools. In cold climates "the numerous exits, the large exposed areas, the long run of water pipes and heat ducts, together with the excessive corridor space make the one story building more costly and more difficult to administer, and this without any outstanding educational advantages." (1922:6). NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 10240M) United States department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number p_ Page I8_ Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 tJu.n d4 Nr ) f. �. C e L r ,.. t i- - �J�4e..r q:elr Lrre.r.r.� t 1 l T/.4/ ¢/.E• 1 Nam ♦ f Y.IYi L y J�h O/in- M'TJ �,hrdeFH{V f Y � � .y.¢• j Syr .. Ns. -- C a r . : 1 v c —fit • Na • FIRST • FLOOR. 71.AN pfr- lVr/llnm B. Inner, Af4hlfecf. Page6S2 FIG. 59r.—Iircri SCHOOL, FIRST FiooA PLAN, G&EExFrELA, Onro, Greenfield School Dovovan 1921 NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number p` Page ___I9_ Public Schools for Iowa; Growth and Change, 1848-1966 d� o ac K r.• a... ,.. R.Y b.h " oym�.aam ,rmwy .. aw Gi o•, �. O fMrwr Roo+. JRrcri Room — •a wrl �'�H --- Gurrrdar ---W M1 aar rjri .4 .Y Mrnu.! r..nrnp _ I Cwbnp Roam J.rmy X. N•)• .r•r p,,.y a.,.� YirAl{da. 'GLoVND • FCOUR. . M&M- Arr. �YRtKm H. Ltnrr. NrldfrrS, FIG, Sgo.—Mull Se toot, GROlrNn FMOR PLAN, GREVNF[EL➢, 01HO. Greenfield School Donovan 1921 NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number p_ Page _20--_ Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 Greenfield School r r v 2 BOA, R� yy+a' L__ A�nud Tie p. u Iw� T..d. WtM&NT • FLOOA•YLAN- SCAU :hs INCH • EgVAL3•1.100t .=TCH • PLAN - HIGH •5CHOOL • AT - GKttHFItLD 0I110• I Olt • Mls F L MC ( LArM- •MM•D•ITTNEA • AI<CNITEEr- 9r LOWS Abb.M0ti1. W.kgls- FiIO, $239. Donovan 1921 NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 21 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 Itmer, who had been a practicing architect since 1897, didn't believe that school architecture had progressed significantly. Wishing to avoid uniformity in style, he believed that school buildings could be designed with "architectural individuality which will make them stand out preeminently as the best, most thoroughly planned, designed, and executed structures in the community" (1922:7). Itmer's ideas can be summarized as follows: 1. Location and setting: There should be sufficient space for expansion, and for athletic facilities, located behind the main building. The school should be landscaped, with a "planted foreground." While a level site was needed for the most part, "differences in grade, which might appear disadvantageous, often furnish the opportunity for a commanding setting of the building" (Ittner 1922:8). The site should be in a quiet area. As high schoolers were capable of walking a certain distance, a good site not necessarily close to the residential areas was preferable to a closer but not as suitable site. 2. Classrooms: A normal class size should not exceed 30 students; the rooms should be at least 22 to 24 feet in width, and the windows should reach to the ceiling. 3. Specialized classrooms: These rooms should be grouped together, but with no specific area within a school stated. Biology and Agriculture, which were often put together, should be on the first floor for easy outside access. The Home Economics rooms should be "located where the conditions of light, ventilation, and sanitation are conducive to good work and exemplify good American standards of living" (Ittner 1922:28). Workshops were best located outside the main walls of the building on the ground floor, and connected with corridors; this would be quieter for the rest of the school, and there would be easy access to supplies. Both the shop area and the commercial rooms should be comprised of a large space capable of subdivision. The Music room should be constructed like a small auditorium, with a sloping floor and small stage, and a capacity of 100-200 students. 4. Study rooms: These should have a central location, with convenient access to stairways, and be located in proximity to the library. 5. Library: The main reading room should accommodate 10% of the student population at one time, and also have a central location. Depending on the size of the school, workrooms and conference rooms can be added. 6. Physical Education: Two gymnasiums, one for girls and one for boys, were best for the full development of physical education and recreation. These should be at least 50 feet x 80 feet in dimension, but 60 feet x 90 feet was better. The windows should be 7-8 feet from the floor. The minimum size for a swimming pool was 21 feet x 60 feet with adequate sanitation. A sunlit pool was preferable. Moveable bleachers provided space for spectators at athletic events. Also, the NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _ E Page 22 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, I848-1966 "use of second floor corridors with double windows opening into the gymnasiums" provided extra space (Itmer 1922:12,14). 7. Auditorium: These should have a central location on the first or main floor, which encourage community use. A large auditorium that could seat the entire student body was unnecessary. 8. Cafeteria: This should have a seating capacity of one -fifth to one-half of the total number of pupils enrolled; its location should be on the ground floor, preferably near the Home Economics rooms. Ottumwa Nigh School, constructed in 1923, was a large city high school. The first Ottumwa high school, constructed in 1900, had been overcrowded for years, but bond issues for a new school failed to pass in 1915. World War I delayed any further push for a new school, but in 1919 the high school lost accreditation from the North Central Association of Secondary Schools and Colleges because of overcrowding and poor facilities. In the same year Ottumwa voters approved a $700,000 bond for a new high school. The finished school, which opened in 1923, cost close to $1 million. The fall enrollment in 1923 was 1,387 students. The site chosen for the 1923 high school was on College Square, the site of the first public school in Ottumwa, constructed in 1865, College Square was on a promontory overlooking the Des Moines River and the downtown commercial district. The school has an excellent vantage point of the city, and is a noticeable local landmark. Ottumwa High School was designed by Croft and Boemer from Minneapolis, Minnesota. It was a four-story building, with two perpendicular classroom wings, and a center wing that housed the auditorium and gymnasium. Potential expansion was to be accommodated by building two more wings that would form a hollow square, with the auditorium and gymnasium in the center. The utility building was separate from the school and was connected by tunnels. The entrance into the school is at the connecting point of the three wings, with the entrance to the auditorium directly across the hall from the entry doors. The entry hall has terrazzo floors, with pilasters decorated with an acorn and oak leaf motif. The auditorium was built large enough to accommodate the student body, and had a separate film projector room. The Physical Education department included a gymnasium, an indoor track, and a swimming pool that was located in the basement. The water was filtered twice daily and chlorinated. There were no outdoor sports or recreational facilities on the site. The classrooms were grouped together by subject. The Industrial Arts and Home Economic departments were located in the basement. The shop area was in one large room. There were various rooms for cooking and sewing instruction, and the department contained a model -house suite, complete with fireplace. The science rooms were grouped on the third floor. The biology room opened out into a greenhouse, located over the roof of the gymnasium_ NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-00 M United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 23 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 The library, with large study rooms on either side, was located above the main entrance. The cafeteria was on the ground floor. There was a separate room for normal school training. Platoon Schools The platoon school idea was another Progressive Era development in education. The program innovator, William Wirt of Gary, Indiana, was a disciple of John Dewey. While the consolidation movement was seeking to bring rural students more inline with urban students, this plan for a platoon system was formulated to bring the rural ideals of family, work, and productivity to urban students, thereby enriching their lives and solving the urban social problems of the time (Case 1931). Although these goals were the basis for the platoon system, most of the platoon school literature focused on the practical aspects of the system for increasing school efficiency. In the platoon system, students are divided into two sections or platoons. While one group is taught "fundamental' subjects in the classroom, the other group is taught "activity" subjects in specialized rooms such as the auditorium and gymnasium. The groups alternately utilize the same space, thereby increasing school efficiency: one school could house twice as many students. Shattuck O. Hartwell, Superintendent of Schools in Muskegon, Michigan, delineated five basic principles of the platoon plan: 1. Shops, gymnasiums, and an auditorium are added to the school building, with playgrounds and gardens outside. 2. Through administrative readjustments, all special rooms as well as classrooms are in use throughout the day. 3. Several classes are accommodated simultaneously in auditoriums and gymnasiums. 4. Groups of children attend school on different schedules. 5. Libraries, churches, the YMCA, and other groups are allied with the schools to the extent of part-time care for some children (Hartwell 1916:14,15). The entire school system of Gary, Indiana, followed the platoon plan. By the 1910s, the plan received national attention. In 1911, the first platoon school outside of Gary was developed at the Roosevelt School in Kalamazoo, Michigan; by 1915, eight schools in that city were under the plan. In 1914, the City of New York hired Wirt to introduce his system into the New York City school system. Opposition defeated the system there, but it was successfully implemented in over 200 other cities during the 1920s, reaching its peak of popularity around 1925. In NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 24 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 that year, The National Association for the Study of the Platoon or Work -Study -Play School Organization was formed to publicize the platoon system. The increased building capacity that the platoon system created was a strong reason for its popularity. Schools that switched from a conventional plan to the platoon system experienced an increase in building capacity ranging from 5 to 35 percent (Case 1931:231). Using the platoon system, cities that were experiencing a drastic increase in school population could construct fewer schools and hire less personnel. Although some schools, such as Emerson Hough Elementary in Newton, Iowa, were built specifically as platoon schools, Case noted that "new buildings are not necessary to the successful operation of platoon schools," and that 70 percent of platoon schools operated in old buildings (Case 1931:68). Regular classrooms could be used for specialty subjects. Certain aspects of Wirt's platoon plan were adopted by many schools. In Davenport, Iowa, elementary schools were constructed in 1939, each with an auditorium, gymnasium, and special science, music and art rooms. Upper level students spent half of the day in the classroom and half in the special rooms. PWA Schools With the onslaught of the Depression in the early 1930s, construction throughout the country declined. The Public Works Administration (PWA) was initiated in 1933 under Hoover to increase employment and purchasing power through the construction of useful public works in various states. The Federal Government lent state and local governments the money for these projects. The program oversaw substantial building projects performed by skilled tradespeople following architectural designs. In Iowa from 1933 to 1939, 110 school buildings or additions were completed. Many of the schools constructed in the early 1930s looked like 1920s schools. However, the 1930s also brought the Moderne style, characterized by flat roofs, the absence of traditional architectural ornament, and use of curved walls. New building materials, such as metal window frames and glass block were also used (Shank 1979:148). The Modeme style gradually gained precedence in the later years of the decade. Atlantic High School, designed by Keffer and Jones of Des Moines, Iowa was a school that was funded by the PWA. It was constructed in 1937 as a combined junior and senior high school. Land was purchased on the south side of town, on a gentle slope, with a depression on the east. The school was situated on the crest of the rise, and the football stadium/track was set into the depression. Professionally landscaped grounds in the front of the school have not changed. Built in the Moderne style, the school is designed in a U shape, with the auditorium and one wing of classrooms on one end of the U, and the gymnasium on the other. The school has a basement and two stories. The cafeteria, Home Economics rooms, Industrial Arts rooms, and Normal Training room were in the basement. The science rooms were grouped together on one end of the third floor. The junior high school rooms were located along the hall next to the NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 25 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 auditorium. The hall floors are terrazzo; classrooms have hardwood floors and oak trim around the windows and doors. The exterior is brown brick with stone trim. Jefferson Elementary School in Creston, Iowa, constructed in 1937, is one of the best examples of the Moderne-style school. It has a curved wall on the east side and is constructed of light brown brick, a typical Modeme-style material. The original metal windows are still in place. While the exterior has the aforementioned Modeme features, the interior is consistent with the designs of Itmer and Donovan. There is a central hall with classrooms on one side, the combined community room/gymnasium with stage on the opposite side, and the kindergarten room on the end. The second floor contains four classrooms. The curved wall is in the kindergarten room, which has several child - sized features, and a cloakroom with an interior curved wall. The Davenport school system constructed six new elementary schools in 1939, which incorporated elements suggested for platoon systems, with the help of PWA funding. These schools are more elaborately designed and have more luxurious interior features than other PWA schools. The kindergarten rooms have fireplaces, ceramic fountains, and child -sized balcony playrooms. The Jefferson School fireplace has an elaborate wood mantel, and the auditorium has wood paneling While Iowa schools built during the 1930s tended toward the Moderne style by the end of the decade, all schools did not follow this pattern. In 1938, for example, the Iowa City High School was built in the Colonial style, using red brick. Post -World War ZI School Construction The end of World War II brought another boom in school construction. Again, domestic construction had been put on hold during the war effort. There was a dramatic increase in school -age population at the beginning of the 1950s, and new construction technology drove school design. Furthermore, schools followed the national trend towards constructing sprawling, one-story buildings. Over 90 percent of the school buildings constructed in Iowa in the 1950s were one story in height, and "designed to fit the terrain" (Meiborg 1970:132). Previously held beliefs about the inefficiency of one-story schoolhouses were discarded. It was felt that more space could be used for instruction in a one-story building, and that it was easier to empty such buildings in case of fire. Campus plans, in which there were multiple connected buildings, and finger plans, in which individual rooms were connected to a center hall, were the most popular school designs in the 1950s. Large sites were chosen for new construction. Lighter construction techniques could be used, which were less expensive and less time consuming than traditional techniques. Keokuk High School, with a modified campus plan, was constructed in 1950. Prior to the design stage, school officials asked teachers what they wanted in the new school, and with the architects, Perkins and Will of Chicago, the school officials visited other schools in the area in order to gather ideas for the new school's design. The completed school consisted of four major buildings: a four-story academic wing, an industrial arts wing, an NPS Form 10-900-a OM8 No. 1024-DO181 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number E Page 26 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 administration/cafeteria wing, and the field house. The academic wing was constructed in such a manner that all the classrooms face north and have natural, indirect lighting. The light and airy corridors are open to the south. The classrooms are separated by non -load bearing concrete -block partitions that can be moved to change the size of classrooms. The industrial arts wing is a low rectangular block, with plastic bubble skylights. It is connected to the academic wing by a closed passageway (Cochran 1951), The L-shaped administration wing is located between the academic wing and the field house. Visitors may enter without disturbing the students. The field house contains an indoor track and a three -court basketball floor in the center. A balcony contains the girls' gymnasium, which has bleachers that can be used to seat spectators Far sporting events (Cochran 1951). Special Education in Iowa The first attempt to meet the needs of handicapped children in Iowa was in 1851 with the passage of a law that provided $100 in state aid for the care of a "deaf, dumb, or blind person between the ages of ten and 30 years (Iowa Code 1851:186). At that time, only private facilities provided care for such people, but by 1860, the government provided funding for state institutions for the blind and for the deaf and dumb. These schools were true institutions that required the students to remain in residence. The College of the Blind was located in Vinton and the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb was located in Council Bluffs. By the end of the nineteenth century, several more institutions were established. In 1897, the Industrial Home for the Blind was established in Knoxville to provide for the instruction of the "adult blind of the state in some suitable trade or vocation" (Iowa Code 1897:925). In the same year, the Institution for Feeble -Minded Children was established in Glenwood. The education of deaf, dumb, or blind students continued to be supported through state institutions until 1927, when the state enacted a law that authorized public schools to hire one or more teachers for deaf children if any resided in the school district. The state provided funds of twenty dollars per month for the education of each deaf student. This act followed the national trend of "day classes" that provided education to handicapped students within the public school system. Educators believed that the isolation of handicapped children in institutions had a tremendous negative impact on their emotional well-being- In 191 t, more than 100 city school systems across the country had established special schools or classes for handicapped children (Winer 1993:315). It was during this period that the David W. Smouse Opportunity School was constructed - In 1946, the Division of Special Education was created for "the promotion, direction and supervision of special education for handicapped children in schools under the supervision and control of the Department of Public Instruction" (Iowa Code 1946:712). This was the first time that all handicapped children were provided an education by the state. According to the law, these children were defined as "Children under 21 years of age who are crippled or have defective sight or are hard of hearing or have an impediment in speech or heart disease or tuberculosis, or who by reason of physical defects cannot attend regular public school classes with normal children" (Iowa Code NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number _E Page 27 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 1946:712). The law specifically left out those children who were blind and/or deaf, as state institutions were already provided for their education. Conclusion The history of education and schoolhouse design in Iowa has followed national trends of standardization and technological development. While different theories to improve the quality of education have come and gone, the constant focus of local officials and educators was on the children and what was best for them. While the development of new building styles and technological advances in sanitation, heating, and ventilation led to a tendency to reject the designs of the past, from the beginnings of the one -room country school to the construction of ultramodern buildings in the 1950s, the word "community" was always associated with any new school plan or design. Fond memories of the country school emphasized the feeling of community that came from the school. Early twentieth-century consolidated high schools were meant to be community centers. In the 1940s, city elementary schools were constructed with community rooms. This feeling of community associated with school is a constant in the history of the schoolhouse in Iowa. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number F Page 28 F. Associated Property Types 1. Property Type: Country Schools Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 One -room country schools are described in the "One -Room Country Schools of Iowa" Multiple Property Documentation Form. 2. Property Type: K-12 Schools Subtypes: a. Independent Schools b. Consolidated Schools 3. Description a. Independent Schools Characteristics: Independent schools that contained all grade levels were constructed into the early decades of the twentieth century. The styles consist of the Nineteenth -Century School, the Progressive -Era School, and the Modem School. The elementary classrooms were usually on the ground floor, and the high school was on the upper story. The Modern School often had a gymnasium and an assembly room or auditorium. Diagnostic Information: One building contains all grades: kindergarten, elementary, and high school. These schools were constructed in towns without sufficient population to justify separate elementary and high school buildings. Extant Examples: Vernon School, Vernon, 1868 Bonaparte School, Bonaparte, 1915 b. Consolidated Schools Characteristics: Properties listed in boldface type are nominated to the National Register as part of this MPDF. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number F Page 29 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 These schools were constructed in districts organized after 1906 in an effort to bring modern education to the rural school districts. Diagnostic Information: The school had to have rooms for agriculture, home economics, and manual training, and a community room. Extant Examples: Irwin Consolidated School, Irwin,1916 Ventura Consolidated School, Ventura, 1919 Thornton Consolidated School, Thornton,1935 3. Significance The independent K-12 school represents the local control efforts of small towns. They were constructed before the consolidation era, or by school districts that elected to remain independent. The consolidation movement started in the last decade of the nineteenth century. It was an effort to standardize rural education and provide educational services to those areas in the state that could not afford it. 4. Registration Requirements To qualify for listing, a school must have been constructed solely as a K-12 school. The school building should retain its integrity of location, setting, feeling and association. Alterations to the exterior are acceptable as long as the main facade remains intact and conveys the period of significance. Interior alterations owing to changes in educational theory, technological advances, and fire regulations are acceptable. 1. Property Type: Elementary Schools Subtypes: a. City Elementary Schools b. Town Elementary Schools Properties listed in boldface type are nominated to the National Register as part of this MPDR NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number F Page 30 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 2. Description a. City Elementary Schools Characteristics: These schools were constructed in the Modem School style, with large kindergarten rooms and child - sized elements. Either a combined auditorium/gymnasium/community room, or separate rooms for each are characteristic of these schools, depending on the size of the town. Diagnostic Information: The schools were constructed to contain kindergarten through sixth -grade classes. Extant Examples: Jefferson Elementary, Creston, 1937 Jefferson Elementary, Davenport, 1939 Monroe Elementary, Davenport, 1939 Washington Elementary, Davenport, 1939 Lincoln Elementary, Davenport, 1939 McKinley Elementary, Davenport, 1939 Madison Elementary, Davenport, 1939 Woodbine Elementary, Woodbine, 1931 West Des Moines Elementary, West Des Moines, 1939 Garfield Elementary, Cedar Rapids, 1915 a. Town Elementary Schools Characteristics: These schools are small, sometimes built with one story and with classrooms only. The Lincoln School in Manchester has three rooms. Two classes were taught in one room and the kindergarten was held in the hall, which was also the lunch area. Diagnostic Information: Schools were constructed to contain the kindergarten through sixth grade classes. Properties listed in boldface type are nominated to the National Register as part of this MPDF. NPS Form 10-900-a United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number F Page 31 Extant Examples: Lincoln School, Manchester, 1916 3. Significance OMB No. 1024-0018 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 The elementary school is part of the growth and development of the educational system in Iowa. 4. Registration Requirements To qualify for listing, a school must have been constructed solely as an elementary school. The school building should retain its integrity of location, setting, feeling and association. Alterations to the exterior are acceptable as long as the main facade remains intact and conveys the period of significance. Interior alterations owing to changes in educational theory, technological advances, and fire regulations are acceptable. 1. Property Type: Junior High Schools 2. Description Characteristics: These schools are very similar to a high school; but on a smaller scale. They have gymnasiums, an auditoriums, and specialized classrooms, such as science rooms. The lobby and entrance areas are more subdued than many of the grand modem high schools. Diagnostic Information: Must have been built solely as a junior high school. Extant Examples: Callanan Junior High School, Des Moines, 1927 South Junior High School (Fair Oaks), Fort Dodge, 1931 Leeds Junior High School, Sioux City, 1939 Properties listed in boldface type are nominated to the National Register as part of this MPDF. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number F Page 32 3. Significance Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 Junior High Schools started in the early years of the twentieth century, as part of the vocational educational movement. At the time it was thought a good thing to steer students into a curriculum choice that would benefit them in their chosen profession. Junior high schools originally housed the seventh and eighth grades, or seventh, eighth, and ninth grades. 4. Registration Requirements To qualify for listing, a school must have been constructed solely as a junior high school. The school building should retain its integrity of location, setting, feeling and association. Alterations to the exterior are acceptable as long as the main facade remains intact and conveys the period of significance. Interior alterations owing to changes in educational theory, technological advances, and fire regulations are acceptable. 1. Property Type: High Schools Subtypes a. City High Schools b. Town High Schools 2. Description Characteristics: a. City High Schools A city has a population of 25,000 or more. These schools usually contain a separate auditorium and gymnasium, and specialized rooms for science, music, Home Economics, and Industrial Arts. Some of the larger schools had a swimming pool. Diagnostic Information: Built in a city. Extant Examples: North High School (Phillips), Fort Dodge, 1922 Abraham Lincoln High School, Des Moines, 1923 Properties listed in boldface type are nominated to the National Register as part of this MPDF. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number F Page 33 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 Ottumwa High School, Ottumwa, 1923 Theodore Roosevelt High School, Des Moines, 1923 Ames High School, Ames, 1938 b. Town High Schools A town has a population of less than 25,000. The size of the community is reflected in the schools, which often contain multi -use rooms, such as a combined gymnasium/auditorium or a library/study hall. Diagnostic Information Built in a town. Extant Examples Woodbine Normal School, Woodbine, 1910 Clermont High School, Clermont, 1924 Indianola High School, Indianola, 1925 Lake Mills High School, Lake Mills, 1926 Mt. Pleasant High School, Mt. Pleasant, 1932 Atlantic High School, Atlantic, 1937 3. Significance Twentieth-century high schools represent the culmination of the educational development of the public school. 4. Registration Requirements To qualify for listing, a school must have been constructed as a high school. The school building should retain its integrity of location, setting, feeling and association. Alterations to the exterior are acceptable as long as the main facade remains intact and conveys the period of significance. Interior alterations owing to changes in educational theory, technological advances, and fire regulations are acceptable. 1. Property Type: Platoon Schools Subtypes: a. Elementary b. Secondary Properties listed in boldface type are nominated to the National Register as part of this MPDF. NPS Form 10-900-a OM8 No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number F Page 34 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 2. Description a. Elementary Characteristics: The Platoon School educational system divided each grade into two "platoons" that each spent one-half of the day learning fundamental subjects and the other half learning specialty subjects such as art. Elementary school buildings designed specifically for the platoon system were very similar to conventional school buildings. In the platoon system, classrooms were devoted to "home rooms" or specialized rooms such as art, music or science. In conventional schools, one classroom was devoted to one grade with all subjects being taught in one room. A platoon school contained a gymnasium and auditorium that could be separate or combined and a small playground. A library could also be found in a platoon school; but was not essential to the plan. The Platoon system did not require a special floor plan but merely utilized interior spaces and teacher resources in a more efficient manner than contemporary elementary schools. Diagnostic Information. - School must have been constructed to utilize the Platoon System of education. Presence of auditorium and/or gymnasium that may or may not be combined. Extant Examples: Emerson Hough Elementary School, Newton, 1926 b. Secondary Characteristics: Secondary schools that utilized the platoon plan would be indistinguishable from conventional secondary schools, as most would contain a gymnasium, auditorium, library, and specialized classrooms. Diagnostic Information: Utilization of the Platoon system of education. Properties listed in boldface type are nominated to the National Register as part of this MPDF. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number F Page 35 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1849-1966 Extant examples: No extant examples are confirmed at present. There were 22 platoon schools in Iowa. It is not known whether any of them were secondary schools. 3. Significance Extant, intact, platoon schools are highly significant in the context of education in Iowa as there were so few in the state. There were only 22 schools in three cities, Ames, Newton, and Cedar Rapids. The platoon plan wasn't implemented in any of the schools in Iowa until 1926. One of the reasons the system increased in popularity was the increased building capacity that resulted from the reorganization of conventional systems. Schools that switched from a conventional plan to the platoon school plan experienced anywhere from a 5% to a 35% increase in building capacity (Case 1931:231). Cities that were experiencing a drastic increase in school population could construct fewer schools and hire fewer administrative staff under the platoon system. 4. Registration Requirements To qualify for listing, a school must have utilized the platoon system. The school building should retain its integrity of location, setting, feeling and association. Alterations to the exterior are acceptable as long as the main facade remains intact and conveys the period of significance. Since the floor plan of a platoon school differed little from a conventional school, alterations on the interior are also acceptable. 1. Property Type: Special Education Facilities Subtypes: a. Opportunity School 2. Description a- Opportunity School Characteristics: An opportunity school is a type of day school that segregates handicapped children from the mainstream educational system without taking them from their home and/or community. The school building is specifically designed for the education of handicapped children and has interior features such as a central ramp for physically handicapped students, sight -impaired classrooms with canted blackboards, a gymnasium with corrective exercise equipment, and a therapeutic pool for physical therapy. Properties listed in boldface type are nominated to the National Register as part of this MPDF. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number F Page 36 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 Diagnostic Information: Opportunity schools that segregate and educate handicapped children without removing them from their home are not common within the context of special education in the United States. Custodial institutions, such as schools for the blind and deaf, were charged with the education and care of students. As educators became aware of the problems that the isolation of handicapped children caused, schools developed special "day classes" within the schools to teach handicapped and disadvantaged children without separating them from the mainstream. It appears that schools designed specifically to teach a wide array of handicapped children are rare. Extant Examples: David W. Smouse Opportunity School, Des Moines, 1931 3. Significance The segregated opportunity school is an important symbol of the development and evolution of special education in Iowa. The construction of day schools that utilized the latest teaching techniques, therapeutic practices, and architectural ornament to create a place of learning and wonder for handicapped children while keeping them in their own home showed a heightened awareness of the needs of such children. 4. Registration Requirements a. Area of Significance: To qualify for listing, opportunity schools must have been constructed exclusively for the education of handicapped children. The school must have offered classes only with no custodial care. Features designed for handicapped children such as ramps, special blackboards, and therapeutic pools must be intact. In general, schools should retain their design, location, feeling, setting, and association in order to qualify for registration. Properties listed in boldface type are nominated to the National Register as part of this MPDF. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number G Page 37 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 G. Geographical Data The geographic area encompasses the entire state of Iowa. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number H Page 38 Public Schools for Iowa. Growth and Change, I848-1966 H. Summary of Evaluation and Identification Methods The Multiple Property Documentation Form for the public schools in Iowa is based on historical research and a questionnaire sent to schools in 1994 by C. Milton Wilson for the Iowa Department of Education. An intensive -level survey of schools drew upon the results of a reconnaissance -level survey based on Wilson's list of responses received from the schools. Reconnaissance -Level Survey The reconnaissance -level survey included 805 town and city schools across 99 counties in Iowa. Before fieldwork began, the schools in the Wilson survey were incorporated into a database that served to organize and direct the reconnaissance field effort. Two field surveyors took notes on the basic information of each structure_ name, address, location using UTM coordinates, Iowa Site Inventory number, and digital color photographs. UTM locational data, consisting of a point at the entrance to the structure, was taken for all sites using Trimble Pathfinder Pro XL equipment- All of the information was incorporated into an Access database. Photo sheets of each school incorporated basic data and hard copy prints of each digital photograph. The digital photos are stored on CD-rom with accompanying photo catalog sheets. Intensive -Level Survey Once the windshield survey was completed, Berger Architectural Historians conducted an intensive -level survey on fifty of the most historically and/or architecturally significant schools, providing basic information on the form, materials, interior layout, and construction history of each structure. An Iowa Site Inventory Form was completed for each structure with accompanying traps, site plans, drawings, and original 5" x 7" black -and -white photographs and color slides. The fifty schools were selected in consultation with the State Historical Society of Iowa project coordinator. Contextual Research and Resource Evaluation The history of education in Iowa is a very broad topic with many published materials on the subject. Contextual research began with the perusal of the general published works on the topic, such as Aurner's History of Education in Iowa, and Meiborg's dissertation, A Fifty -Year Period in the Evolution of Schoolhouse Design and Construction in Iowa: 1919-1969. Nationally published material on school planning and design, Barnard's School architecture, Dressler's American Schoolhouses, and Donovan's School Architecture, and others illustrated the national trends in school design and change. Journal research began with the Education Index, which contains information on all aspects of education and school building. Midland Schools, American School Board Journal and Nation's Schools were particularly informative on the subject of school architecture. Publications of the Iowa Department of Public Instruction and the University of Iowa Department of Education contain articles on the issues of concern in Iowa education, and much statistical information on the growth of schools and school districts. The best source of information on Iowa schools were the schools themselves: the design, layout, construction materials, and changes NPS Form 10-900-a OMB NO. 7024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number H Page 39 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 through time. The schools consistently illustrate the attitudes toward schoolhouse design at the time of their construction, and the changes in those attitudes up to the present time. Of these, 30 were selected for nomination with this MPD. Recommendations for Future Survey Efforts There are undoubtedly public schools that were not included in C. Milton Wilson's inventory for the Iowa Department of Education. These unidentified schools are likely to be late nineteenth-century structures that at the time of Wilson's survey had already been abandoned and sold by school districts. Earlier inventories completed by the Iowa Department of Education could be compared with the 1994 list to identify unsurveyed schools. Private schools and institutions were not a part of this survey effort; but are an important component of the history of education in Iowa. These schools should be the next survey priority in order to create a complete picture of education in Iowa. The rise of such educational facilities can be chronicled through research in the Iowa Educational Directory, which was published from the late 1800s to present. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number I Page 40 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 I. Major Bibliographic References Ashbaugh, Ernest J. 1920 Survey of the School Buildings of Muscatine. State University of Iowa Extension Bulletin No. 41, Iowa City, Iowa. Aumer, Clarence Ray 1912 History of Education in Iowa. State Historical Society of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. Published in five volumes. Barnard, Henry 1849 School Architecture. Reprinted 1970. Teachers College Press, Columbia University, New York. Brown, George A. 1922 Iowa's Consolidated Schools. Iowa Department of Public Instruction, Des Moines. Brunner, Edmund de S., and J. H. Kolb 1969 Rural Social Trends. Greenwood Press Publishers, New York. Reprinted. Case, Roscoe D. 1931 The Platoon School in America. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, Cochran, F. L. 1951 "High School at Keokuk, Iowa Embodies Significant Departures in Secondary School Designs" The Nation's Schools. Volume 47 No. 2 pp 43-47. Donovan, John J. 1921 School Architecture: Principles and Practices. The Macmillan Company, New York. 1932 A Method of Procedure and Checking Schedule For Planning School Buildings and Their Equipment. Bruce Publishing Company. Dressler, Fletcher B. 1911 American Schoolhouses. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Engelhardt, N. L. 1942 "Trends in Schoolhousing Design" School Board Journal 104:27-28. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number I Page 41 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 Fuller, A. C. 1917 "Iowa." The American School 3(11):332. Gebhard, David and Gerald Mansheim 1993 Buildings oflowa. Oxford University Press, New York. Gulliford, Andrew 1996 America's Country Schools. Third edition. University Press of Colorado, Niwot, Colorado. Gutek, Gerald L. 1991 An Historical Introduction to American Education. Waveland Press, Inc. Prospect Heights, Illinois. Hartwell, Shattuck O. 1916 Overcrowded Schools and the Platoon Plan. Survey Committee of the Cleveland Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio. Horstman, Dorothy, compiler 1987 The Bonaparte School. Bonaparte, Iowa. Iowa Department of Public Instruction 1915 Suggestions and Plans for Iowa Schoolhouses and Grounds. Iowa DPI, Des Moines. Iowa Department of Public Instruction 1925 Regulations for Standardizing Common Schools. Iowa DPI, Des Moines - Iowa Department of Public Instruction 1952 Inventory of Existing Public School Facilities, Needs, and Resources. Iowa DPI, Des Moines. Iowa State Board of Education 1911 The Accredited High School. Bulletin No. 1 of the Board on Secondary School Relations, Des Moines, Iowa. Ittner, WilliamB. 1922 High School Buildings and Grounds. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education, Bulletin No. 23, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Krug, Edward A. 1964 The Shaping of the American High School. Harper & Row, Publishers, New York. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number I Page 42 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 Larrabee, Governor William 1886 The Ideal School: Address Delivered by Governor Wm. Larrabee Before the State Teachers' Association at Des Moines. A. F. Hofer & Sons, McGregor, Iowa. Legislative Service Bureau 1851- Code oflowa. Legislative Service Bureau, General Assembly of Iowa, Des Moines, Iowa. May, George S. 1956 The End of the First Phase. Palimpsest 36(1). Meiborg, James Edward 1970 A Fifty -Year Period in the Evolution of Schoolhouse Design and Construction in Iowa: 1919-1969. Doctoral dissertation, University of Iowa, Iowa City. Neymeyer, Robert 2000 One -Room Country Schools oflowa. Multiple Property Document Form. On file at State Historical Society of Iowa, Des Moines. Reitzes, Lisa B. 1989 Moderately Modern: Interpreting the Architecture of the Public Works Administration. Doctoral dissertation, University of Delaware. On file at State Historical Society of Iowa, Des Moines. Reynolds, David R. 1999 There Goes the Neighborhood: Rural School Consolidation at the Grass Roots in Early Twentieth -Century Iowa. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City, Iowa. Sage, Leland L. 1974 A History oflowa. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa. Shank, Wesley I. 1979 The Iowa Catalog: Historic American Buildings Survey. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City, Iowa. Shank, Wesley I. 1999 Iowa's Historic Architects: A Biographical Dictionary. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City, Iowa. Spain, Charles L., Arthur B. Moehlman, and Fred W. Frostic 1930 The Public Elementary School Plant. School Plant Series Volume II, Rand McNally & Company, New York. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet Section number I Page 43 Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 Spring, Joel 1994 The American School, 1642-1993. McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York. State of Iowa 1857 School Laws of Iowa: Compiled from the Code of Iowa for Use of School Ofticials, Administrators, and Laymen. State of Iowa, Des Moines. State Law Library of Iowa 2002 Telephone conversation between Peggy Beedle and Law Library Reference Librarian. Notes on file at The Louis Berger Group, Inc., Marion, Iowa. State University of Iowa College of Education 1924 Cedar Rapids School Plant Program. University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. Strayer, George D., and N. L. Engelhardt 1933 Standards For Elementary School Buildings. Bureau of Publications, Teacher's College, Columbia University, New York. Truesdell, WayneP. 1965 A History of School Organization and Superintendance in Iowa. Doctoral dissertation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. Tyack, David B. 1974 The One Bert System. A History of American Urban Education. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. Wall, Joseph Frazier 1978 Iowa: A Bicentennial History. W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., New York. Williams, R. C. 1936 A Review of Iowa's Public Schools. Research Bulletin No. 21, Iowa Department of Public Instruction, Des Moines. Winzer, Margaret A. 1993 The History of Special Education: From Isolation to Integration. Gallaudet University Press, Washington, D.C. Wright, J. C. 1960 Progress Report on School District Reorganization in Iowa. Iowa Department of Public Instruction, Des Moines. f7 ^ af,:(orlca! Division of: be Department of Cultural Affairs STATE HISTO�CAL SOCIETY OF IONVA Wt7bere past meets future February 12, 2002 The Louis Berger Group, Inc, oip ATTN: Camilla Delber and Peggy Beedle , 950 50'{' Street Marion, IA 52302 American Gothic House Eldon RE: School Survey and Nomination Project BWod Run?0fL Dear Ms. Deibler and Beedle: L•archwood our staff has completed their review for the submittal of the above nominations and C.nrenmai Building has determined that these submittals appear to be incomplete drafts with two major towa city elements lacking, 1) you do not include two major sections (H and I) in the MPD, and 2) the organization of the narrative did not follow the contract stipulation on page Mathew ndel Blaekstuith Shop 12, section D1. Marshalhown With respect to the individual nominations the main things that are lacking can be :Abbic Gardner Cabin seenby reviewing the editing comments we made on the Roosevelt nomination. Arnolds Park Because of the time deadlines facing you I am going ahead and faxing this letter and Iowa Historical Buddlag the MPD and the Roosevelt Theodore High School, We send all of your submittals via Des Moines Fed Ex today. Monmuk Governors dome Sincerely, day chol Clermont Museum e elf Clermont Elizabeth Foster, State Tax Credit Program Manager/ Plum Grove Governors Home National Register Coordinator Iowa City Toolesbom Indian Mounds P.S. If after looking through the materials we should meet to discuss these please Tooleshoro contact Lowell or me. Western Historic Trails Center Council Bluffs IOWA HISTORICAL BUILDING 600 5asl Locust • Des Moines, Iowa 50319-0290 ?hone: (515) 2816t12 • Fax: (515) 242-6498 or (515) 282-0502 www.lowaWstoryorg I`iiilr 1.;)rj) The United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Evaluation/Return Sheet Property Name: Public Schools for Iowa: Growth and Change, 1848-1966 Multiple Property Documentation Form Reason for Return: This Multiple Property Documentation Form (MPDF) is being returned because of substantive problems with the historic contexts, the statements of significance and registration requirements for associated property types, and the identification and evaluation methods used. Section F. Statement of Historic Contexts In general, the historic contexts are well -documented and provide a general overview of the development of public education in Iowa. Several sections, however, offer only a cursory discussion of tends and events that appear to have played an important role in shaping the state's educational system, leaving key questions unanswered. The period covered by the MPDF is 1848-1966, but none of the three associated historic contexts extend past 1952. If the MPDF is intended to provide a basis for evaluation and registration of public schools through 1966, historical information about events and trends in public education during the 1950s and early 1960s must be included in at least one of the contexts. 'the documentation summarizes the development of public schools in nineteenth-century Iowa but does not assess their significance to local communities or explain the process by which schools were established. How were schools organized in Iowa during the mid -nineteenth century? What process did a community follow to establish a school? How did the process change as the level of state involvement in public education increased? How were early schools funded, and how did the system of funding change over tune? What bearing did these factors have on the significance of school buildings to local communities? Are schools by nature locally -significant properties? Were they regarded as an important indicator of a community's progress? Did a new school building portend of future growth? The context would be significantly stronger if it examined these issues. Public Schools for Iowa MPDF Page 2 The organization of the contexts into cormtry, town, and city schools establishes a general framework for the identification and evaluation of resources, but it does not identify important subtypes in each context. For example, the individual nominations submitted with the MPDF include several properties identified as city or town schools that appear to be associated with twentieth-century suburban residential neighborhoods. While the documentation does not address this issue, it appears that Monroe Elementary School and MCKinley Elementary School, for example, may be located in residential neighborhoods that developed sometime in the first half of the twentieth century. Was suburban growth a significant factor in shaping public education? How does the scale and character of school buildings set in suburban neighborhoods differ from those in urban settings (such as, for example, East High School, Ames High School, and Theodore Roosevelt High School)? How did schools built for neighborhoods that developed in the ca. 1900-1940 era differ from those in post -World War 1I suburbs? How do buildings of each type differ in setting, design, scale, and character? If suburbanization appears to have been one factor that affected public education in Iowa, did others have equally important effects? Did the loss of population in rural areas cause country schools to be abandoned or destroyed? Were urban schools affected by outmigration from inner- city neighborhoods during the 1950s and 1960s? How did demographic changes affect public education in Iowa towns and cities? The discussion of PWA schools (Sec. E, pp. 24-25) does not explain the factors that fueled the construction of federally -subsidized schools nor the local effect of these projects. How did the PWA allow local school districts to meet changing educational needs and expand facilities in ways that would not otherwise have been possible? How did New Deal -era conceptions of education and civic involvement influence the design of these buildings? What effect did these schools have on the quality of education in Iowa? hi attempting to answer these questions, it may be helpful to examine Architectural Record 79, no. 6 Qurie 1936), which was a special issue devoted to school design. Several historical themes not discussed in the historic contexts are suggested by the individual nominations submitted with the MPDF. Perhaps the most important of these is the modernization of older school buildings. It appears that there may have been a general trend toward continued use of older school buildings in Iowa. Many of the properties have several major additions (Ventura Consolidated School, Abraham Lincoln High School, and East High School, for example). Does evidence exist to suggest that such additions and alterations reflect an conscious effort on the part of policymakers to maintain the viability of older school buildings? Did school boards favor modernizing additions and alterations instead of demolition and new construction? Do modernizing additions reflect an ongoing process of adaptation in response to curriculum changes, rising enrollments, and economic considerations? Do the historical factors that resulted in additions and alterations to older school buildings have a bearing on their integrity and significance? The section on special education in Iowa (Sec. E, pp. 26-27) suggests that efforts to educate Public Schools for Iowa MPDF Page 3 disadvantaged children began relatively early and received substantial public support. Do any sources offer a comparative perspective on Iowa's special education system? When did it develop in comparison to other Midwestern states? Was it innovative in any way? Did the integration of special education classes into local school systems parallel national trends, or was Iowa in the vanguard of this movement? Exploration of these questions would strengthen this section. Section F. Registration Requirements The discussion of the significance and registration requirements for the property types listed in Section F are too general to be usefid in evaluating the eligibility of resources. The statement that explains the significance of each property type should identify the important elements of its historic context, and it should also identify the areas of significance and criteria for which properties may be listed. For example, most if not all of the associated property types will be eligible under Criterion A in the area of education and under Criterion C in the area of architecture. Several of the individual nominations submitted with the MPDF are also significant wider Criterion A in the area of social history for their association with the Public Works Administration. It appears, however, that at least some of the property types may also be potentially significant in other areas. For example, the Works Progress Administration-fimded murals in the stairhalls of the James Callanan Junior High School may be significant in the area of art wider Criterion C. Art may also be an appropriate area of significance for the Ventura Consolidated School because of the sculptural carvings by artist Christian Petersen on the gymnasium. Do resources exist that may be eligible under Criterion B, for their association with a significant teacher or school administrator? Other historically significant figures? These and related considerations should be discussed in the registration requirements. The registration requirements must define what constitutes an eligible property. They should be specific and provide information that can be used in comparing actual properties and making judgements about their relative significance. They should be written so it is possible to determine how well a specific property illustrates the property type and how it relates to the historic context. The registration requirements do not provide guidance on evaluating properties that are exceptionally significant or may have a period of significance that extends into the past fifty years. Do any schools possess the exceptional significance necessary to meet Criteria Consideration G? Given that so many public school buildings remain in use and have been modernized with alterations or additions, would it be appropriate for the registration requirements to provide guidance on properties for which the period of significance may be within a few years of the 50-year cutoff? Is it possible that the period of significance for some properties could extend into the mid-1950s without the nomination needing to justify Criteria Consideration G? The registration requirements are especially vague about integrity considerations. They do not Public Schools for Iowa MPDF Page 4 clearly identify the characteristics that a property must have to convey significance. This is especially problematic since public schools are likely to have undergone significant alterations and additions, as is clearly evident from the individual nominations submitted with this MPDF. At what point does a property loose the characteristics necessary to convey its significance because of additions and alterations? Do the size and scale of additions matter? Are non -historic additions to the rear of a building as damaging to integrity as additions that are more prominently situated, say on the facade or a side elevation in plain view? Is all addition built in such a manner so that it is clearly differentiated from the historic building less damaging than one that envelops or destroys significant features? Do the materials used for additions and alterations matter? Do inappropriate replacement windows detract from the historic appearance of a building? Should they be considered in evaluating integrity? Questions such as these should be addressed in the registration requirements for each property type. Specific examples may prove useful in illustrating the effects of alterations and additions on the integrity of a resource. For example, it is clear that the 1990 addition to the rear of the Ames High School does not significantly detract from the historic appearance and character of the property. Considerably more detrimental are the alteration of the arched windows on the main facade and the large addition in the rear of the Emerson Hough Elementary School, but because of the general appearance of the replacement windows and the scale and placement of the addition, the property is clearly able to convey its educational significance as a platoon school under Criterion A. By contrast, the large, prominently situated, multiple additions to the East High School raise more serious questions about the integrity of the property. Is it able to convey its integrity under Criterion A? Under C? The same questions are also pertinent, for example, to the Ventura Consolidated School, where a series of major alterations have substantially altered the appearance of the historic portions of the property, possibly to the point of destroying its integrity. The registration requirements should provide strong guidance on the evaluation of properties and how to assess the effects of alterations and additions on integrity. For each property type, it may be necessary for the integrity considerations to relate specifically to each of the National Register criteria. They should specify the aspects of integrity (location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association) and include an explanation of how each aspect is defined for the property type in question. This is necessary to explain the qualities a property must retain from the historic period of significance in order to retain integrity relative to the criterion in question. For example, it is possible that a school building with non - historic additions and alterations that is significant in the areas of architecture and education would have integrity under Criterion A but not under Criterion C. In other words, the modern alterations and additions may have destroyed the characteristics and qualities necessary for the building to convey its architectural significance under Criterion C, but it may still be able to convey its educational significance under Criterion A. The integrity considerations should provide guidance on such issues to aid in the identification and evaluation of other resources. Public Schools for Iowa MPDF Page 5 Section H. Summary of Evaluation and Identification Methods This section should provide a clear and detailed explanation of the methodology used in identifying and evaluating resources. In its current form, this section is unclear on a number of important issues. Who was C. Milton Wilson? Was he affiliated with the Iowa Department of Education, or was he a private consultant? What was the content of the questionnaire he used to identify historic schools? To whom was the questionnaire sent'? How many questionnaires were sent out, and how many responses were received? Answers to these and any relevant questions are necessary to explain the methodology for the project. The methodology for the survey phase of the project also needs clarification. Did the reconnaissance -level survey include all of the schools identified by Wilson's questionnaire? Were any omitted? What criteria were used to determine which properties would be recorded at the intensive -level? Were the criteria clearly defined, or was the selection done informally? How subjective was the selection process? Who was the project coordinator ]or the State Historical Society of Iowa? The discussion of the methods used in carrying out the contextual research and resource evaluations also leaves many questions unanswered. On what grounds were the thirty schools selected for nomination with the MPDF chosen? Was the selection made after preliminary research, or was it made while the research was in progress? Who made the final selection? Was a research design that sought to address specific questions regarding the history of public education in Iowa developed at the outset of the project, or was the focus of the research developed through some other method? Who was involved in developing a general approach to the research and identifying specific questions and issues to be addressed? The discussion under the heading "Recommendations for Future Survey Efforts" states that the methodology used by Wilson is likely to have excluded certain types of historic school buildings. Please explain what type of resources are believed to have been omitted. Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions. You may reach me at (202) 354-2252 or by email at <Dan Vivian(a�iips.gov>. We look forward to receiving a revised MPDF. Daniel Vivian, Historian National Register of Historic Places 10/24/02 Ralph Christian From: Barbara Mitchell Sent: Monday, December 16, 2002 12:50 PM To: Beth Foster; Ralph Christian; Lowell Soike Subject: Integrity Considerations for Schools First, forgive me if this is a bit choppy - my migraine is slowing down my ability to turn my notes into readable text... This should at least give you an idea of where I am headed with my recommendations - we can discuss them further tomorrow morning at gam. Also, please remember that these recommendations are made without viewing all of the schools that were nominated or sent back to us... My first thought was that before we can even begin considering integrity considerations, the Associated Property Types need to be re -worked. As a consultant, I always got the most out of MPDs that related the Property types directly to the historic context. For example, historic contexts for bridges are often broken up into timber, stone arch, metal, and concrete history followed by descriptions of each bridge type within the Associated Property Type section (e.g., types of trusses or concrete slabs). Looking at this MPD, I expected to see the property types broken up like this: • Country Schools • Town Schools 19th century schools Progressive -era schools 20th century schools • City Schools The "Modern School" Platoon Schools PWA Schools Post -WWII Schools • Special Education in Iowa Then, of course, variations in school type (independent/consolidated, elementary/junior/senior highs, etc.) Of course, this would likely affect the nominations that have been accepted already. But, if nothing else, the current way that the property types are organized should be formatted differently to help understanding. By clarifying the property types, it would be much easier to tie integrity considerations into the registration requirements. Which brings me to integrity... It seems to me that the most significant integrity concerns will be with integrity of Design, Material, and Feeling/Association. These will be affected by changes to the form, massing, scale, and materiality of the building due to additions and alterations. As always, we should take some hints from the Secretary of the Interior's Standards and guidelines: 9. New additions, exterior alterations, or related new construction will not destroy historic materials, features, and spatial relationships that characterize the property. The new work shall be differentiated front the old and will be compatible with the historic materials, features, size, scale and proportion, and massing to protect the integrity of the property and its environment. Again, with better -defined property types, we could specify what the character -defining features of each type are (e.g., what makes a platoon school look like a platoon school?). This would help immensely in attempting to define integrity considerations. Of course, schools present us with a particularly challenging problem in that most have evolved over time due to changes in educational theory and building code requirements for public buildings. In the end, we have to look at the building's ability to convey its significance. Obviously, any changes to a building during its Period of Significance should be allowed if the changes themselves are integral to conveying the significance of the building (e.g., a 1939 gymnasium addition to a 1919 school). I also think that changes to a building after its Period of Significance should be allowed if they are directly tied to changes in building/fire codes that necessitate the alteration. Additions It seems that integrity concerns when it came to additions often were based on studying the floor plans - I think it is extremely important to look at the form/massing/design of the additions rather than the plan. • For buildings significant under Criterion C, additions simply should not destroy the character -defining features that make them eligible. • Additions to the rear of the structure are preferable to additions to the side or front facade (are there any cases where additions are attached to the front - are they appropriate at all?) Additions to the side must be appropriate scale/form/material so as to not distract from the original building design. A 3-story addition to a 2-story school would likely be inappropriate, but can we definitely say additions should be the same height or less than the original structure? Materials should be complementary to the historic building (e.g. no modern pole barns attached to historic brick buildings) As stated above, additions that are directly related to significant changes in educational practice during the period of significance should be given more leeway for those properties considered significant under Criterion A. Additions due to changes in education after of the period of significance should not alter the character -defining features of the original building. Exterior Alterations Most concerns about exterior alterations were based on changes to the windows - often the most altered items on the exterior. I think that we can reasonably argue that integrity remains if the fenestration pattern remains intact and the window openings remain their original size (even though they might be filled in or blinded by plywood or the like). It might be appropriate to say something about buildings significant under Criterion C retaining their "glass ratio," for lack of a better term, if the windows are a character -defining feature.,For example, a building under C might have to meet stricter standards when it comes to window in -fill or blinding. Material alterations to the exterior should be rather rare, I suspect. Simply put, modern materials should not obscure character -defining features (e.g. stucco over brick). Again, for properties considered significant under Criterion A, alterations within the period of significance that are the result of a change in teaching theory should be allowed. Of course, for alterations outside the period of significance, we again need to look at the character -defining features of the building and whether the alterations were need for code reasons. Interior Alterations I feel the same way about interior alterations when it comes to changes within/after the period of significance. I would think that the main concern here would be material changes (built-in casework, flooring, etc.) and division of spaces, in addition to the possibility of elevator installation. Again, we have to tie it back to the character -defining features. If an original basement gymnasium is subdivided into classrooms with concrete block walls, is that appropriate? Not likely. But if it is turned into an open lunchroom or the classrooms are divided by movable walls, I think it would be OK. If part of the significance of the building lies in the way that the classrooms are organized, it would be inappropriate to demo a wall between two rooms to make them larger. That's just a short synopsis of the thoughts I've had while reading the context and the comments - I hope it makes some sense. I look forward to our meeting tomorrow. Barbara Barbara A. Mitchell Architectural Historian 515.281.4013 IOWA CITY HISTORIC PRESERVATION PLAN - 2007 Executive Summary June 2007 For the City of Iowa City and the Iowa City Historic Preservation Commission Consultants SVENDSEN TYLER, INC. Sarona, Wisconsin Clarion Associates LLC Denver, Colorado Preparation of the Iowa City Historic Preservation Plan - 2007 was Emded by the City of Iowa City and a Historic Resource Development Program grant from Iowa's Resource Enhancement and Protection (REAP) Program and administered by the State Historical Society of Iowa. I. Introduction The purpose of the Iowa City Historic Preservation Plan 2007 is to review and revise the first Iowa City Historic Preservation Plan prepared and adopted by the City of Iowa City in late 1992. hi the 15 years since the first plan was adopted, its goals and objectives have served as a road map for a wide range of public and private historic preservation activities. Recommendations in the original plan ranged from how and where to identify historic properties and neighborhoods to legislative initiatives and economic methods for protecting historic resources to ideas for stimulating preservation education programs and private support for preservation undertakings. Under the direction of the Iowa City Historic Preservation Commission (HPC), regular reviews of the plan's recommendations have been conducted and steady progress has been made in achieving the 1992 plan's ten goals and more than 100 city- wide and neighborhood -based objectives. The overall purpose for the 1992 Iowa City Historic Preservation Plan stated in its introduction was simply put — that to conserve old buildings makes a good community better. The validity and importance of these few words still rings true in 2007. They were affirmed in neighborhood meetings, group discussions, and dozens of individual interviews conducted during the spring and summer of 2006. A review of annual preservation awards and an inspection of individual neighborhoods throughout the community revealed dozens of successful private and public historic preservation projects with a total of 242 awards made since 1992. An expanded historic preservation ordinance covering individual landmarks as well as additional historic and conservation districts now offers protection to more than 1,100 properties with free technical assistance provided to property owners through more than 100 design reviews undertaken annually. More than 60 people have served on the Iowa City Historic Preservation Commission during its 25 years. Elected officials and City staff members recognize historic preservation as an important strategy to make a good community better. This new edition of the Historic Preservation Plan will provide a road map for preservation policies and activities for the next 10 to 15 years. Being intended for such a long time frame, the plan contains a lengthy set of goals and objectives that may initially appear daunting. However, the plan's policies and its interrelated goals and objectives can be stated in a few basic themes. 1. Tell the good news: Because it involves applying rules and regulations to property, designation of historic and conservation districts and local landmarks sometimes becomes controversial and creates conflict within the community. This should not be allowed to overshadow the many positive benefits that preservation has brought to Iowa City. A good example is the amazing recovery of Iowa Avenue and nearby historic neighborhoods from the April 13, 2006 tornado. The day after the storm much of the eastern portion of Iowa Avenue appeared to be so devastated that it was thought that several historic buildings were beyond repair. There was uncertainty as to what would replace them. Property owners, the preservation community, the City, and private organizations such as Friends of Historic Preservation (Friends) rallied to address both the human and physical needs to achieve recovery. As a result, what could have been a scar across the heart of the city has been restored to a condition better than before the storm. This restoration effort shows the value of the preservation ethic and practice to all of Iowa City. Through the many educational programs and initiatives detailed in this plan the City and preservation proponents such as Friends should strive to tell the good news about the positive benefits that preservation brings to the community and local economy. 2. Streamline the process: Some of the conflict that arises around preservation matters comes from the length of the design review process. The plan identifies a number of areas where the review process can be streamlined and handled administratively, rather than requiring that the Commission review every aspect of a project. Streamlining the process should not only make the review process more user-friendly, but it should also free up Commission and staff time to devote to preservation activities other than regulations, such as education and promotional activities. Given budget constraints, the efficiencies advocated in the plan will be necessary to achieve the plan's other goals and objectives. 3. Neighborhood preservation: In some of the public meetings citizens were concerned about issues like zoning violations, poor property maintenance, trash and litter, vandalism and parking congestion, that negatively affect the quality of life in some neighborhoods. In addition to historic preservation programs, this plan advocates the use of tools, such as targeted code enforcement and home ownership programs to preserve the quality of life in older neighborhoods. This multipronged approach may be necessary to maintain the value and stability of older neighborhoods so that they remain a viable option in an expanding housing market. 4. Tap the economic development potential of the city's historic resources: The first step is to measure the full economic impact of preservation and to identify impediments. The plan recommends bolstering the marketing of Downtown by promoting its historic resources; promoting the use of Federal and State tax incentives as a means of encouraging rehabilitation projects, and developing local incentive programs to support preservation. 5. Learn from ourselves. The planning update process included a comprehensive review of what had been accomplished since the 1992 Plan was adopted. Our progress has been substantial whether measured in the number of neighborhoods studied, buildings protected, or citizens involved in the process. Creative solutions for problems in one area are likely to work elsewhere or at a later date. Good communications between neighborhoods and districts, training newcomers to preservation, educating the general public, and learning from ourselves will be key to creating even greater success in the future. Both public entities such as the Historic Preservation Commission and private organizations such as Friends of Historic Preservation will play leadership roles. II. Process for Updating 1992 Iowa City Historic Preservation Plan The process for updating the 1992 Iowa City Historic Preservation Plan began with an assessment of progress made during the past 15 years. Nearly every goal and most objectives set in 1992 have seen significant progress. To identify public attitudes and concerns four public forums were held in April and June 2006 in the North Side and Goosetown neighborhoods, the College Hill and Longfellow neighborhoods, the Melrose and Manville Heights neighborhoods, and two in the Downtown. The first two meetings were held just one week after the April 2006 tornado struck and, as a result, the tone of the meetings reflected concerns arising out of the storm. Approximately 40 residents attended each of the first three meetings with less than a twenty people at the two Downtown sessions. Solicitation of opinions continued through a series of one-on-one interviews with representative opinion holders and key decision makers. Consultants Matt Goebel and Bohdy Hedgecock with Clarion Associates joined lead consultant Marlys Svendsen during three days of interviews in late June 2006. Svendsen conducted additional interviews from January 2006-January 2007. Interviews were held with representatives of the Iowa City HPC and Planning and Zoning Commission; City planning, housing and legal staff, and the City manager and several City Council members. Both proponents and opponents of preservation from the community were also interviewed including representatives of Friends of Historic Preservation, neighborhood organizations, realtors, downtown developers, bankers, Downtown retailers and Downtown Association organizers, contractors, and architects. Interview subjects were encouraged to be frank and specific knowing that their remarks might be shared during the report process but not attributed. III. Mission Statement, Goals and Objectives The review of local historic preservation efforts since 1992, shows major progress in both public and private activities. Good communication has been at the center of the best cases while minimal or ineffective communication has characterized preservation missteps or failures. As preservation planning efforts grow increasingly more complex and affect a growing number of neighborhoods and property owners, the single most important strategy will be to improve communication at all levels. As a result, a common theme incorporated into the recommendations that appear below is thoughtful, clear, and audience -appropriate communication. Whether this takes the form of official reports, shared strategy sessions, targeted publications, web -based information gathering and dispersal, or direct contact with historic property owners, good communication will be key to advancing the comprehensive preservation agenda and diverse strategies recommended below. MISSION: Iowa City and its citizens seek to identify, protect, and preserve the community's historic resources in order to enhance the quality of life and economic well-being of current and future generations. Goal1: Identify historic resources significant to Iowa City's past. Objective 1: Continue to research and evaluate historic resources through the systematic and prioritized completion of neighborhood and thematic -based historical and architectural surveys. Adopt the outline in the 2007 plan for an updated "Iowa City Historic Resources" Multiple Property Documentation Form that includes new historic contexts and an extended time period through ca. 1960. Objective 2: Put new emphasis on enlisting private sponsors and volunteers to carryout survey work when neighborhood support is available. Objective 3: Set designation priorities for historic districts and landmarks that emphasize threatened resources first. Use both reconnaissance and intensive level survey formats in order to complete work more efficiently and with greater speed. Objective 4: Extend the period for neighborhoods to study through ca. 1960. Objective 5: The HPC should continue to play a leadership role in nominating individual properties and historic districts to the National Register. Follow up National Register listing with local designation as landmarks and districts. Objective 6: Nominate properties of national level significance as National Historic Landmarks. Goal 2: Continue municipal policy of protection of historic resources and implement this policy through effective and efficient legislation and regulatory measures. Objective 1: Adopt the Historic Preservation Plan-2007 as a part of Iowa City Comprehensive Plan. Objective 2: Continue to update the City's historic preservation ordinance based on comparisons with historic preservation ordinances from comparable cities and national best- practices. Objective 3: Review and revise zoning for new historic and conservation districts to encourage preservation by coupling land use change with design review and other neighborhood stabilization measures. Objective 4: Revise building code requirements for historic districts. Consider adopting the International Existing Building Code and the State of Iowa's new Historic Building Code to provide for safe structures, preserve historic features, and assure the highest economic impact from reusing existing historic buildings. Objective 5: Amend the Zoning Code relating to Conservation District Overlay Zones by reinforcing the distinction between historic and conservation districts with a focus on mass, scale, and general compatibility in design reviews of conservation district properties. Conduct periodic re -surveys of conservation districts to affirm boundaries and assess historic district eligibility. Objective 6: Improve enforcement of the Historic Preservation Ordinance by establishing remedies for noncompliance, maintenance and demolition by neglect standards, and administration changes. Objective 7: Make changes in the design review process to improve efficiency and add predictability. Objective 8: Revise the Historic Preservation Handbook by adding anew section that summarizes the sections of Title 14: Iowa City Zoning Code that relate to historic preservation. Objective 9: Consider revising current design guidelines to address key issues (new construction, garages, deteriorated materials, synthetic sidings, windows — new or replacement, and paving) and presentation format improvements (illustrated design manual with pre -approved designs). Eliminate inconsistencies between the Zoning Code update and the Historic Preservation Handbook. Objective 10: Advocate changes in State enabling legislation to allow Iowa City greater flexibility in establishing the make-up of its HPC relating to a fixed size, district - representative basis for appointments, and technical expertise. Objective]]: Strengthen relationship between HPC and Planning and Zoning Commission. Objective 12: Strengthen language of the Sensitive Areas Ordinance. Objective 13: Re-examine City policy regarding brick streets to assure protection and funding are in place for conserving and restoring significant areas both inside and outside of historic and conservation districts . Objective 14: To improve historic building moving procedures, convene a group representing various parties responsible for such actions (HPC, P&Z, ZBA, HIS, Traffic Engineering, utility companies, moving companies, etc.) to determine if a new ordinance or revised set of policies should be adopted. Goal 3: Establish economic incentives to encourage the preservation of historic buildings and neighborhoods. Objective 1: Assess the economic impact of historic preservation on Iowa City by conducting a study that examines the impact of historic rehabilitation expenditures, the roles preservation and district designation play in property values, and the value of heritage tourism. Objective 2: Develop a comprehensive set of economic incentives aimed at resolving impediments to redevelopment. Objective 3: Establish and market tax incentives for historic buildings including local property tax abatement, state-wide tax abatement, federal tax credits, state tax credits, and local sales tax credits. Objective 4: For the Downtown, promote the use of a Self -Supporting Municipal Improvement District along with the Main Street -style downtown improvement program and the tax incentives available for the Old Capitol Cultural and Entertainment District. Objective 5: Establish a private revolving grant/loan program for rehabilitating historic buildings; target the program at other needs such as neighborhoods containing affordable housing, properties transitioning from rental units to owner -occupied space, buildings undergoing design review in historic or conservation districts, buildings undertaking ADA improvements, etc. Objective 6: Target a grant or loan program using federal funds or other municipal sources to parallel a private revolving grant/loan program. Consider models for paint rebate programs for historic and conservation district buildings. Objective 7: Adopt regulatory relief for conservation and historic districts. Objective 8: Develop a more coordinated approach to preparation of grant applications; establish leadership within City staff. Objective 9: Encourage private individuals and non-profit organizations to identify eligible projects for the State Historical Society's grant programs and assist in grant writing. Goal 4: Provide the technical assistance necessary to preserve and improve historic properties. Objective 1: Establish afull-time position that combines historic preservation planning, management of economic incentive programs, and technical assistance for the sharp increase in design review cases. Objective 2: Improve delivery of technical assistance through creation of a more "user-friendly" update of the Historic Preservation Handbook or a separate "design handbook." Objective 3: Sponsor training sessions for topics designed to improve capacity of property owners to deal with design review process. Objective 4: Continue and expand operation of the Salvage Barn as an undertaking of Friends with support from the City of Iowa City. Objective 5: Promote technical assistance for National Register nomination writing through the State Historical Society. Goal 5: Heighten public awareness of historic preservation in the community and improve preservation education efforts for various audiences. Objective 1: Maintain a marketing approach for all education and promotion products and activities. Objective 2: Continue to create volunteer opportunities and special events. Objective 3: Maintain preservation as an element in larger community improvement efforts. Objective 4: Broaden and strengthen non-profit historic preservation groups such as Friends. Objective 5: Develop new education efforts aimed at the general public, local officials, owners of historic properties, and target audiences. Include an annual or semi-annual "historic preservation report" that is both visual and statistical; identify audience groups and develop targeted publications and training sessions; host a "district forum" for leaders or representatives from historic and conservation districts. Objective 6: Consider participation in the national "Preserve America" program. Objective 7: Recognize the day-to-day administration of the design review process as an added benefit for property owners rather than a burden for development. Goal 6: Maintain and strengthen preservation partnerships between municipal government, state government, and federal agencies. Objective 1: Continue Iowa City's successful efforts as a Certified Local Government (CLG). Objective 2: Continue the role of Planning and Community Development Department staff and the HPC in the Section 106 Review Process for City projects involving federal funding and historic resources. Objective 3: Improve monitoring of state and federal legislation involving historic preservation. Goal 7. Establish and implement historic preservation objectives for the University of Iowa campus and surrounding neighborhoods. Objective 1: Open communication lines between the State Historical Society, the University, and the HPC. Objective 2: Complete an inventory of University -related historic resources. Objective 3: Identify University physical plant needs which could be met by acquisition and reuse of historic resources; integrate a reuse objective into the University's master plan. Objective 4: Expand heritage tourism efforts for University -related historic resources beyond Old Capitol; include interpretation of other campus buildings of historic and architectural significance, important University contributions in science and the humanities, and nearby historic districts. Objective 5: Establish afraternity and sorority house stewardship program. Objective 6: Participate in aforum for discussing neighborhood/University issues related to historic preservation. Objective 7: Investigate establishment of a University housing subsidy program to encourage faculty and administrators to reside in neighborhoods near the campus. Objective 8: Encourage the University to establish a policy that supports efforts to preserve historic residential neighborhoods adjacent to its campus. Goal 8: Establish and support heritage tourism efforts appropriate to Iowa City's historic resources and community needs. Objective 1: Develop a heritage tourism plan as a cooperative effort between the Iowa City/Coralville Convention and Visitors Bureau, Johnson County Historical Society, Friends of Historic Preservation, University of Iowa, and Iowa City Historic Preservation Commission. Objective 2: Develop and promote heritage tourism packages for visitors to Iowa City. Objective 3: Develop a heritage tour guide program. Objective 4: Expand heritage tourism potential for Old Capitol and Plum Grove. Objective 5: Continue to support and develop heritage festivals. Objective 6: Develop the heritage dimension of visitor experiences such as dining, shopping and housing. Objective 7: Establish "heritage trails" in Johnson County. Identify and promote Iowa City sites along such routes with interpretive signs. Work to identify funding sources and provide technical assistance for key resources along these routes. Objective 8: The HPC and local preservation organizations should actively participate in the Iowa Cultural Corridor Alliance as a good tool for promoting historic neighborhoods, historic retail districts, public historic sites, and other historic preservation objectives. . Goal 9: Conduct regular review and evaluation of historic preservation initiatives by the historic preservation community. Objective 1: Complete an annual review of historic preservation activity and confirm work plan objectives for the year. Objective 2: Prepare an annual "historic preservation report" for submittal to City Council and other organizations as described in Goal 5: Objective 5, a) above. Objective 3: Incorporate recommendations of the Historic Preservation Plan 2007 in other neighborhood and community planning efforts. Goal 10. Adopt strategies to preserve historic neighborhoods which reflect their organic development, historical roles and traditions, modern needs, and economic health and stability. As part of this update of the 2007 Plan, the neighborhood strategies included under Goal 10 expanded from 12 to 26 neighborhoods. Four "packages" of recommendations have been compiled that apply to more than one district or neighborhood: District Adoption Steps, Communication and Neighborhood Stabilization Steps, Technical Assistance Steps, and a Home Ownership Incentive Program. Each package of recommendations is outlined below. District Adoption Steps: 1. Develop a clear understanding for why a historic or conservation district is being proposed; carefully evaluate the boundaries for the district. 2. Stress education up front about what historic or conservation district designation means. 3. Identify major concerns/questions and prepare answers before the discussion process. 4. Stress good case studies of rehabilitation projects in other neighborhoods. 5. Develop more options for design review issues that are problems — windows and siding, design for construction of new secondary buildings, what may be negotiable, etc. 6. Study real estate and economic impact of district designation on market values and tax assessments in other previously designated districts. 7. Confirm record of design review cases that have been problems versus those that were approved in other districts — cite specific numbers. 8. Stress good news about post -tornado stories as an example of the best and worst that can come from a natural disaster pushing a design review process "to -the max"; focus discussion on large issues while also responding to narrower concerns. Communication and Neighborhood Stabilization Steps: 1 Promote heritage education efforts at local elementary schools (especially those in older neighborhoods such as Horace Mann, Longfellow, Lincoln, etc.) by supporting establishment of a local history education program that includes information, tours and events connected to historic districts. 2. Recruit and train potential district residents to serve on the Iowa City Historic Preservation Commission. 3. Participate in an annual or bi-annual "District Forum" for historic and conservation district representatives hosted by the HPC. The District Forum's agenda could vary but would regularly provide a setting for sharing information about regulatory changes, exchanging successful ideas among districts, and offering suggestions for solving problems that cross district boundaries. 4. Parking problems though not specifically a preservation concern, are important for the overall stabilization of neighborhoods. To address these concerns it is recommended that neighborhood associations and the City, explore alternative methods of managing parking. This might include a residential parking permit program in some areas, the use of angle parking to increase the supply of parking spaces where appropriate, and the use of "environmentally friendly" paving techniques when parking is added to back yards. When addressing parking solutions the conflicting issues of increasing supply while minimizing paving in a residential setting must be considered. 5. The City should remain vigilant in addressing complaints regarding issues such as zoning violations, removal of snow from sidewalks, weed removal and trash control that affect neighborhood quality of life. hi some locations, targeted code enforcement may be appropriate to address perceived neighborhood decline. 6. Promote neighborhood stabilization through the conversion of rental properties to owner- occupied residences or duplexes by encouraging homeownership, developing a Home Ownership Incentive Program such as outlined below. Establish a "user-friendly" technical assistance effort for property owners by implementing the Technical Assistance Steps also listed below. 8. Develop and fund a program to alleviate lead -based paint for residential landmarks and buildings in historic and conservation districts that is sensitive to their architectural character. Technical Assistance Steps: 1. Develop a historic preservation technical assistance program as an on -going effort aimed at developing and maintaining the capacity of historic district property owners to maintain or restore their historic buildings. 2. Distribute an annual or semi-annual "historic preservation report" to property owners in districts that includes information regarding design review efforts. 3. Add a "history corner" column in the neighborhood association newsletters received by district residents with information on relevant subjects ranging from a do-it-yourself guide for re - glazing windows to where the neighborhood ghosts reside to why moisture trapped in exterior walls leads to peeling paint and dry rot. These columns could be collected at the City website, indexed, and/or printed annually for retention at the public library. 4. Develop special topic publications in response to resident suggestions and needs identified by the design review process. 5. Deliver technical assistance and public awareness information through neighborhood newsletters and website(s), and direct communications with district residents, including email. A neighborhood strategy that crosses district and neighborhood boundaries involves the creation of a program to encourage owner -occupancy as a stabilizing measure. Potential funding sources for such a program might include Community Development Block Grant, HOME, and major employers. The basic components are outlined below. Home Ownership Incentive Program 1. Consider the primary goal for such program as neighborhood stabilization by encouraging an increase in owner -occupied properties. 2. Establish the program through the cooperation of one or more lenders. Consider CDBG/HOME and funding from major employers to establish program. 3. Initially target the program at specific neighborhoods that are locally designated historic or conservation districts. Extend the program to all new districts upon designation. 4. Make available a package of incentives aimed at converting buildings containing rental units to owner -occupied single-family dwellings or duplexes. 5. Incentives could include interest rate reductions, free initial consultations from architects or engineers skilled in working with historic properties, cost savings at local retailers, etc. 6. This program could complement the University -sponsored program (Goal 7: Objective 8). 7. Support this program through code enforcement and educational programs, designed to stabilize neighborhoods making them more attractive for residents. Summary: A summary is provided in the table on the following page of many, but not all, of the neighborhood strategies suggested for the 26 neighborhoods discussed under Goal 10. Substantially completed Neighborhood Strategy objectives are represented by the solid • symbol and future objectives shown with an open o symbol. Priorities for some efforts have been ranked as High to Low with A -level efforts given highest priority, B and C-level efforts ranked of high to moderate priority, and D-level efforts given lower priority. Unranked efforts will be assigned priorities based on the findings of completed surveys or are of uniform importance across neighborhoods. The legend for the accompanying neighborhood map, which also follows, appears below. Iowa City Historic Areas Map Legend Downtown Planning District: 1. Downtown 2. South Side Central Planning District: 3. Brown Street HD 4. Clark Street CD 5. College Green HD 6. College Hill CD 7. East College Street HD 8. Dearborn Street CD 9. Dubuque Street Corridor 10. Gilbert -Linn Street HD-NR 11. Goosetown 12. Governor -Lucas St. CD 13. Jefferson Street HD-NR 14. Longfellow HD 15. Muscatine Avenue Moffitt Cottages HD (Longfellow) Central Planning District (continued): 16. Oak Grove — Kirkwood Avenue Corridor 17. Lucas Farms - Ginter, Friendly, Highland, Pickard, & Yewell Streets 18. Morningside-City High 19. Rochester Avenue 20. Summit Street HD 21. Woodlawn HD North Planning District: 22. North Dubuque Street/ Montgomery -Butler House 23. Tank Town 24. Dubuque Road Northwest Planning District: 25. Manville Heights Southwest Planning District: 26. Melrose HD Sunnnary of COnIIHOn Neighborhood Strategies • Completed Objectives HD — Historic District (local) High to Low Priority: A to D o Future Objectives CD — Conservation District (local) HD-NR—Historic District (Nat'l Register only) Neighborhood Surve District Adoption Steps Communication & Neighborhood Stabilization Steps Technical Assistance Steps 2 cu O S c W ° d R d x s d 0 = 3 y Y Y e a 3 L L O O Downtown Planning District: 1. Downtown • • 0 0 B c B o B o B o B 0 2. South Side 0 0 A o B c C 0 Central Planning District: 3. Brown Street HD • • • • c A o A c A o B •o A o B • 0 0 4. Clark Street CD • • • 0 C c A o A c C • o A o B • 0 5. College Green HD • • • • c A o A c B o A o B 0 6.College HillCD • • • • c A oA c B oB oA oA o 7. East College Street HD • • • • c A o A c B •o A o B 0 8. Dearborn Street CD •• • c A o A c C • o A o B • 0 9. Dubuque Street Corridor •• o 1 c B o A c C o B o C 0 C 0 o B 10. Gilbert -Linn Street HD-NR •• • 0 B c A o A c A o B •o A o B • 0 0 C 11. Goosetown •• 0 0 A c A o A c B o B •o A o A • 0 12. Governor -Lucas St. CD •• • c A o A c C • o A o A 0 13. Jefferson Street HD-NR •• • 0 B c A o A c C o B •o A o C 0 oA 14. Longfellow HD •• • • c A o A c C o B • o A o B • 0 15. Muscatine Avenue Moffitt Cottages HD (in Longfellow) 16. Oak Grove - Kirkwood Avenue Corridor 0 0 B o o C c B o B c C c B 0 C 0 17. Lucas Farms - Ginter, Friendly, Highland, Pickard, & Yewell Streets 0 0 B o o C c B o B c C o B c B o B 0 18. Morningside-City High o o I C o o D c C o B c C o B c C o B 0 19. Rochester Avenue 0 0 C c C o B c C o B c C 0 C 0 20. Summit Street HD • • • • c A o A c C o B • o A o C 0 21. Woodlawn HD • • • • c A o A c C o B c A 0 C 0 North Planning District: 22. North Dubuque Street/ Montgomery -Butler House 0 0 A c B 23. Tank Town • 0 D c B o B c B o B c C o B 0 24. Dubuque Road • 0 D c C o C c D o B c D o D 0 Northwest Planning District: 25. Manville Heights 0 0 A o o B c B o A c C o B c B 0 C 0 o B Southwest Planning District: 26. Melrose HD-NR • • • 0 A c A o A c B o B • o A o B • 0 o A Other Planning Districts 0 o D c C 0 C c D cD c D IV. Model for Evaluating Economic Impacts Completion of an economic impact study for historic preservation activities in Iowa City was recommended in the plan. The final section of the Iowa City Historic Preservation Plan 2007 provides methodologies for the City of Iowa City to use for examining the economic benefits of historic preservation in the community. The plan suggests how three types of historic preservation impact — rehabilitation expenditures, property values, and heritage tourism can be measured. An economic activity, such as the rehabilitation of historic properties, generates both direct and indirect impacts on a local economy. The model in the plan identifies how the size of those impacts can be measured. It then identifies how these impacts can be translated into other metrics, such as jobs created, total household earnings, and tax revenues. Those various metrics can also be compared to other industries to establish how preservation rates as an economic activity. For example, in a study of the economic impacts statewide in Colorado, rehabilitation was found to create 32 jobs per $1 million of direct impact, more than computer and data processing, trucking, banking services, and manufacturing semiconductors. In addition to the community -wide impacts of preservation activities on the local economy, preservation also pays dividends to the owners of historic properties. The most obvious benefit is in the generally positive impact on property values of designated properties. The property values debate — "What effect does local historic district designation truly have on property values?" — is a complex issue and its study is recommended for future analysis. A third area in which historic preservation acts as an engine for economic activity is heritage tourism. Historic areas attract visitors who provide a significant source of revenue for the local economy. Just as with historic rehabilitation projects, the economic impacts of heritage tourism go far beyond the direct expenditures. Expenditures of heritage tourists can be measured as they "ripple" through the local economy, as direct expenses at hotels, restaurants, and retail establishments. 15 Appendix E: Outline for Update of "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" Multiple Property Documentation Form, National Register of Historic Places When the 1992 Historic Preservation Plan was completed, a National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) form titled "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" was prepared covering the years 1839 to 1940. This form was prepared in the Multiple Property Documentation (MPD) format and was formally listed in the National Register in 1994 in conjunction with nomination of the Brown Street Historic District. Whenever neighborhood based survey work was completed in Iowa City since that time, new MPDs were prepared and new historic contexts developed to serve as the final reports. These MPDS were known as "cover documents." In order for an MPD to be evaluated for listing on the National Register, however, an accompanying individual or district nomination must accompany its submittal. This was done in several cases resulting in National Register listing of several MPDs. hi most cases, however, the MPDs were not formally listed because specific properties were not being nominated. In other cases, districts were nominated to the National Register based on the historic contexts in the original cover document - "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" that was approved in 1994. One of the recommendations of the 2006 Historic Preservation Plan Update is that the "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" listed in the National Register in 1994 be updated to include historic contexts developed in survey work completed since then. A second recommendation is that the 1994 cover document be extended to include a time frame for resources through roughly 1960. An outline for a revised "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" MPD appears below. hi this outline, bold type identifies National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) cover documents (MPDs), historic contexts and related historic districts that are already listed. Historic contexts and MPDs that have been prepared during surveys completed between 1994 and 2006, but not formally nominated or listed in the NRHP, are underlined in the outline. Entirely new study areas or historic contexts proposed for completion and any related historic districts or individual nominations are shown in italic. Specific recommendations for handling the existing historic contexts, non -listed MPDs, and new historic contexts appear throughout the outline in regular type. The 15-year horizon for the 2007 plan is put at 2022. This might suggest that the updated MPD include resources through roughly 1970 or 50 years back from the 2022 horizon. Instead, the recommendations given here extend through ca. 1960. However, it is understood that as time passes, it may be necessary to extend context study periods into the 1960s to keep up with a shifting 50-year time frame. Dealing with subdivisions and housing styles from the late 1940s and 1950s will be a challenging enough task during the life of the 2007 Plan without adding the complexities of shopping center and strip mall development, early urban renewal efforts, the local apartment house boom of the 1960s and 1970s, the social justice and anti -war movements of the 1960s and early 1970s, and a range of other social history subjects. A reflective period of time of 50 years will be minimally necessary for evaluating these complex topics. As a result 1960 was selected as a general end date for historic context development and neighborhood studies in this MPD outline. I. Original Multiple Property Documentation Form: "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" A. Overall update recommendations • Prepare an amended MPD with an expanded time frame — 1839-ca.1960 • Modify time frames covered for existing historic contexts as noted below. • Add new historic context sections and neighborhoods as noted below. E-1 B. "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" - Territorial and Early Statehood Historic Context 1839-1857 (Svendsen Tyler, 1992) —NRHP, listed 9/23/1994 • Add an expanded section relating to the story of the Old Military Road. C. "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" - Railroad Era Historic Context 1856-1898 (Svendsen Tyler, 1992) — NRIIP, listed 9/23/1994 • No changes recommended. D. "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" - Town and Gown Era Historic Context 1899-1940 (Svendsen Tyler, 1992) — NRHP, listed 9/23/1994 • No changes recommended. E. "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" - University of Iowa Historic Context 1855-1940 (Svendsen Tyler, 1992) — NRHP, listed 9/23/1994 • Period covered should be extended to cover the years "1855-ca. 1960" including two decades of the presidential term of Virgil M. Hancher (1940-1964). • Add discussion and evaluation of impact of military programs on campus during World War II including two largest programs -Navy Pre -Flight School (1942-1945) that trained 21,014 men and the Army Specialized Training Programs that trained 2,562 men. • Identify war related programs such as torpedo design for the U. S. Navy, gas dispersion studies for the Chemical Warfare Service, the War Art Workshop for the Office of War Information, and the training program for ward nurses in the U.S. Navy and U.S. Army reserve corps. • Evaluate impact of post -World War II enrollment boom on Iowa City including campus buildings and on - campus and off -campus housing. • Develop a separate "University oflowa Greek Community: Sorority and Fraternity Houses, 1866-ca. 1960" historic context. (see below) • Develop a separate "University oflowa Sports, 1890-ca. 1960 " historic context. (see below) • Incorporate the story of the University's medical school and hospitals in Iowa City Hospitals, ca. 1872-ca. 1960" historic context. (see below) • Develop a separate "University oflowa Hydraulics Laboratory/Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research, 1920-ca. 1960" historic context. (see below) F. "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" -Town and Country Neighborhoods Historic Context 1850-1940 (Svendsen Tyler, 1992) —NRHP, listed 9/23/1994 • First historic district nominated under this historic context: Brown Street Historic District (Svendsen Tyler, 1994) — NRHP, listed 9/23/1994 • Brown Street Historic District - Boundary Increase (Svendsen Tyler, 2004) —NRHP listed 9/29/2004 • Further recommendations for additional neighborhoods below. IL Subsequent Multiple Property Documentation Forms & Historic Districts — Listed and Not -Listed in NRHP A. "The Small Homes of Howard F. Moffitt in Iowa City and Coralville, Iowa, 1924-1943 MPD" (Tallgrass Historians, 1992) - NRHP, listed 5/4/1993 • "Muscatine Avenue Moffitt Cottage Historic District" (Tallgrass Historians, 1992) - NRHP, listed 5/4/1993). E-2 • Evaluate Moffitt houses located south of Kirkwood Avenue along intersecting blocks of Yewell Street, Pickard Street, and Friendly Avenue for individual NRIIP listing and/or historic district designation. (see below under Lucas Farms Neighborhood discussion) B. "Historic and Architectural Resources in College Hill, 1839-1944 MPD" (Tallgrass Historians, 1994) • College Hill Historic District (Arborgast & Eckhardt, 1996) - NRHP, listed 7/9/1997 • East College Street Historic District (Arborgast & Eckhardt, 1996) - NRHP, listed 7/9/1997 • College Hill Conservation District —Reconnaissance survey completed of Iowa Avenue blocks (Iowa City Historic Preservation Commission, 1/2003) — local conservation district listed 5/2003. • Evaluate national level significance for Grant Wood House (Oakes -Wood House, 1142 E. Court Street) and prepare National Historic Landmark nomination if eligible. C. "Architectural and Historical Resources of the Dubuque/Linn Street Corridor, 1839-ca.1940 MPD" (Nauman, 1996) The survey evaluated resources along North Clinton, North Dubuque, and North Linn streets between Jefferson Street on the south and Park Road and Ronalds Street on the north. Subsequent survey work completed in Phase II and Phase III of the Original Town Plat surveys recommended nomination of historic districts that included resources in this neighborhood or spanning sections of this neighborhood and an adjacent area. MPD not recommended for submittal to National Register at this time. Gilbert -Linn Street Historic District (Svendsen Tyler, 2004) —NRHP listed 4/21/2005 - Portions of district identified in Nauman's Dubuque -Linn Street Corridor Survey, Original Town Plat of Iowa City - Phase I (Tallgrass Historians, 1997) and Original Town Plat Neighborhood - Phase II (Svendsen Tyler, 1999). - Historic district nomination prepared after review of three surveys identified district boundary crossing three survey areas. • North Clinton Street Historic District 1. Area originally investigated in Nauman's Dubuque -Linn Street Corridor Survey. 2. Recommend historic district nomination for linear neighborhood along the east side of North Clinton Street from Market Street on the south to north of Church Street on the north. 3. North Clinton Street includes examples of architecturally significant large-scale residences associated with some of Iowa City's most prominent business and professional leaders from the late 19" and early 20" centuries. 4. North Clinton Street also contains a representative group of well -designed fraternity and sorority houses. D. "Historic Folk Housing of Iowa City, 1839-ca.1910 MPD," (Tallgrass Historians, 1997) - A survey of a portion of the "Original Town Plat of Iowa City - Phase I" was completed for the blocks between Brown, Davenport, Linn and Governor streets. - Subsequent survey work completed in Phase II and Phase III of the Original Town Plat surveys recommended nomination of historic districts that included resources in this neighborhood or spanning sections of this neighborhood and an adjacent area. - MPD prepared as part of Phase I focused on "folk housing" within the neighborhood. - MPD not recommended for submittal to National Register at this time due to limited geographic area covered. E-3 E. "Architectural and Historic Resources of the Longfellow Neighborhood Area, ca. 1860-ca. 1946 MPD" (Nauman, Phase I - 1996 & Phase II - 1998) — NRHP listed 9/ 12/2002 • Longfellow Historic District (Nauman, 2001) — NRIIP listed 9/12/2002 District identified in Nauman's Phase I and Phase II Longfellow Neighborhood surveys. Clark Street Conservation District and Dearborn Street Conservation District) — local conservation districts listed in 2001. Add an addendum to MPD based on addition information regarding related industries, creek channeling, and development of factory lots, worker housing, and the suburban ideal. F. "Architectural and Historical Resources of Original Town Plat Neighborhood -Phase H, 1845-1945 MPD" (Svendsen Tyler, 1999) —NRIIP listed 5/11/2000 - A survey of a portion of the "Original Town Plat of Iowa City - Phase II" was completed for the blocks between Davenport, Jefferson, Linn and Governor streets. - Related survey work was completed earlier in the Dubuque/Linn Street Corridor and Phase I of the Original Town Plat. - The Emma Harvat House Nomination (Eckhart, 2000) was submitted for NRHP designation along with the Phase II MPD. - Several NRHP residential historic districts listed from this neighborhood (see ????? below) G. "Architectural and Historical Resources of Goosetown Neighborhood - Phase III. 1855-1945 MPD" (Svendsen Tyler, 2000) 1. Prepare a separate historic context for "Iowa City's Bohemian History, 1855-1945"for scattered resources found throughout the North Side and Goosetown in the Phase I, Phase II and Phase III survey areas of the Original Town Plat and traditional Goosetown blocks to the east. This recommendation for this approach is found in the Goosetown MPD and remains valid for dealing with Bohemian resources. 2. Most of the content for the significance statement for this historic context is contained in the MPD prepared for the Goosetown- Phase III survey. 3. Resources related to this historic context include commercial establishments owned and operated by Bohemians, schools attended principally by Bohemian children or that hosted Bohemian language classes, well-preserved private residences built and occupied by merchant or working-class Bohemian families for one or more generations, well-preserved private residences occupied by prominent leaders of the local Bohemian -American community, churches attended primarily by Bohemian families, and buildings that demonstrate the cultural practices or values of Iowa City's Bohemian settlers. 4. Individual resources are located throughout the Phase I, Phase II and Phase III survey areas of the Original Town Plat and Goosetown. H. North District Reconnaissance Survey (Svendsen Tyler, 2000) - This reconnaissance survey was completed for use in developing the "North District Plan" prepared by the Planning and Community Development Department staff in 2000-2001. - Recommendations for further study are contained under ????? below. "Architectural and Historical Resources of Iowa City Central Business District, 1855 — ca. 1960 MPD" (Svendsen Tyler, 2001) A survey of the Central Business District was completed for the blocks between Clinton, Gilbert, Iowa, and Burlington streets. • Downtown Iowa City Historic District - The survey recommended preparation of a NRHP nomination for a multi -block area of the downtown between Iowa Avenue, Clinton Street, Linn Street and Washington Street. E-4 Alternatively, if a larger area is to be recognized locally using a conservation district designation, the blocks along College Street would be included. This approach for dealing with downtown resources is still recommended. J. West Side - Melrose Neighborhood Survey (Svendsen Tyler, 2004) Melrose Historic District (Svendsen Tyler, 2004) - Area originally identified in "Town and Country Neighborhoods Historic Context 1850-1940." - Neighborhood -sponsored survey of area roughly bounded by Melrose Avenue, Myrtle Street, Melrose Court, and Byington Road (extended). - Period of significance for neighborhood extended to ca. 1960. - No MPD for survey area prepared. - NRIIP historic district nomination prepared and listed 12/6/2004; no further survey recommended. K. North Side Historic Districts - North Side neighborhood originally identified in "Town and Country Neighborhoods 1850-1940." - Additional surveys completed for the Dubuque/Linn Street Corridor (Nauman, 1996), the Original Town Plat - Phase I (Tallgrass, 1997), and the Original Town Plat -Phase B (Svendsen Tyler, 2000). - Three North Side areas have been nominated and listed: • Jefferson Street Historic District (Svendsen Tyler, 2004) —NRHP listed 9/29/2004 • Brown Street Historic District - Boundary Increase (Svendsen Tyler, 2004) —NRHP listed 9/29/2004 • Gilbert -Linn Street Historic District (Svendsen Tyler, 2004) —NRIIP listed 4/21/2005 III. Proposed Future Historical and Architectural Surveys, Historic Contexts, MPDs and Historic Districts A. Residential development and related historic contexts previously identified under "Historic Resources of Iowa City, Iowa" - Town and Country Neighborhoods Historic Context 1850-1940." • South Side Neighborhood 1. The "Town and Country Neighborhoods Historic Context 1850-1940" identified the GilbertStreet- MaidenLane Industrial Corridor as a neighborhood for further evaluation in 1994. This area should be expanded to include a reconnaissance level survey of the entire South Side Neighborhood, an area that is roughly bounded by Burlington Street on the north, Gilbert Street on the east, the Iowa Interstate Railway right-of-way on the south, and Madison Street on the west. 2. Early industrial corridor established along Ralston Creek, South Gilbert Street and Maiden Lane from South Market (site of Robert A. Lee Community Recreation Center) to the former Burlington, Cedar Rapids and Northern RR/Rock Island RR yards several blocks to the south. 3. Corridor had flour mill, foundry and machine shop, linseed oil works, glass works, cooperage operation, a gas works and a planing mill beginning in the 1860s and 1870s. 4. Several factory owners built residences in or near the corridor. 5. After 1900, factories took on new commercial uses with some continuing to provide manufacturing jobs and others serving warehousing functions or disuse. 6. Redevelopment for housing beginning in the 1980s on larger tracts of land abutting Ralston Creek immediately south of Burlington Street and south of Bowery Street has diminished the industrial nature of the corridor. 7. Scattered single-family and multi -family dwellings were developed from the 1860s through the 1920s in the South Side. These properties should be evaluated for individual National Register eligibility. E-5 8. Review major transportation routes or corridors through area and any impact they had on settlement patterns or building types constructed/surviving. 9. Identify and evaluate significant open space in the neighborhood (squares, parks, cemeteries, farmsteads, estates, etc.) and its impact on development 10. No historic districts are anticipated in the South Side. • "Lucas Farms Neighborhood"- Kirkwood Avenue and South of Kirkwood Avenue 1. The "Town and Country Neighborhoods Historic Context 1850-1940" identified the Kirkwood Avenue Neighborhood as a neighborhood for further evaluation in 1994. Since then this area has become known as the "Lucas Farms Neighborhood. " 2. This area is roughly bounded by the Iowa Interstate Railway right-of-way on the north, Van Buren Street or Webster Street on the west, Lower Muscatine Road on the east, and Highland Avenue and De Forest avenues on the south. 3. Kirkwood Avenue originally laid out as "Wyoming Road" renamed for Governor Kirkwood by World War I; contains nearby residences of Governor Lucas and Governor Kirkwood. 4. A reconnaissance level survey of the Lucas Farms Neighborhood should be completed to focus intensive level survey work on scattered individually eligible National Register properties and on multi - block areas identified as containing a potential National Register eligible historic district or locally eligible conservation district. 5. Individual properties located along Kirkwood Avenue east and west of South Summit Street have associations with prominent persons. They include: - Plum Grove (NRHP, 1030 Carroll Street) built in 1844 by Iowa Territorial Governor Robert Lucas and his wife Friendly. It should be evaluated for designation as a National Historic Landmark and designated as an Iowa City landmark - Governor Samuel Kirkwood House (1101 Kirkwood Avenue) built in 1860s. - These prestigious residences attracted other country homes during the 1870s for Florence Clark (829 Kirkwood Avenue) in 1874, the Lovelace family (820 Kirkwood Avenue) in the 1870s, and the Gotch family (1110 Kirkwood Avenue) in c. 1880. 6. Subdivisions in the Lucas Farms Neighborhood prior to 1890 include the Page Addition, Borland Place Addition, and Block 2 of the Summit Hill Addition north of Kirkwood Avenue and the Lucas Addition south of Kirkwood Avenue. 7. Between 1890 and World War I, the Wilson and Lantz Addition was added north of Kirkwood Avenue and the Switzer Subdivision, E.W. Lucas's Addition and Sunnyside Addition were added south of Kirkwood Avenue. 8. Large undeveloped parcels still held individually along Kirkwood Avenue through Great Depression years by C.R. Regan family, E.W. and Mary Lucas family, and M.R. Pritchard family. 9. In 1924 and 1925, the S.J. Kirkwood Homestead Addition and Kirkwood Place Addition were platted, the latter by Bert Manville. After World War 11, additions were platted along Kirkwood Avenue on undeveloped farmland. Additions between 1935 and 1955 include Kirkwood Circle (1939), C.R. Regan Addition (1950), Highland Addition Part 3 (1955), and Plum Grove Part 3 (1955). 10. Review major transportation routes or corridors through area (Wyoming Road/Kirkwood Avenue, for example) and any impact they had on settlement patterns or building types constructed/surviving. 11. Identify work of major developers/builders such as Howard F. Moffitt and Bert Manville in the Lucas Farms Neighborhood additions. Identify any business or personal relationships between Moffitt and Manville. 12. Identify and evaluate significant open space in the neighborhood (squares, parks, cemeteries, farmsteads, estates, etc.) and its impact on development 13. Oak Grove Park established on old Rock Island Railroad grounds after 1955. 14. Two potential NRHP historic districts are located in the Lucas Farms Neighborhood. They are: E-6 a. Kirkwood Avenue Oldest area in Lucas Farms Neighborhood is along Kirkwood Avenue between Diana Street on the west and Roosevelt Street on the east. The neighborhood includes excellent examples of large scale, late 19" century masonry and frame residences. The area is distinguished from Summit Avenue's houses by the larger lot sizes and deep set back of primary structures befitting a "country road" setting. Later houses represent infill completed at or after the turn of the 20" century. This potential district was referenced in "Town and Country Neighborhoods Historic Context 1850-1940" discussed above. b. Ginter, Friendly, Highland, Pickard, and Yewell streets - 1920s-1930s neighborhood includes the intersecting blocks of Ginter, Friendly, Highland, Pickard, and Yewell streets. - This potential historic district also relates to two other MPDS - the proposed "20" Century Neighborhoods and Suburban Development, 1900-ca. 1960 MPD"described below. - The multi -block area along Ginter, Friendly, Highland, Pickard, and Yewell streets contains a dozen or more Moffit stone cottages, most of which could also be nominated to the NRHP individually under "The Small Homes of Howard F. Moffitt in Iowa City and Coralville, Iowa, 1924-1943" MPD listed on the NRIIP in 1993. - Most of the Moffit stone cottages could would also be eligible for local landmark designation. • North District Neighborhood 1. The North District Reconnaissance Survey (Svendsen Tyler, 2000) was completed for the "North District Plan" in 2001. 2. The area is bounded roughly by the Old Military Road (Iowa Highway 1) on the east, the Ball Highway (former U.S. Highway 218) on the west, Interstate Highway 80 on the north, and an irregular boundary on the south that includes Dodge Street and Kimball Road. 3. The North District Plan neighborhood's earliest development followed the old Military Road corridor and North Dubuque Street corridor. 4. Residential additions associated with Bohemian settlement patterns in `°Tanktown" were established north of Goosetown along and east of Dodge Street after Civil War. 5. Scattered properties associated with Bohemian settlers should be incorporated into `Iowa City's Bohemian History, 1855-1945 "under???? above. 6. The North District Reconnaissance Survey identified two historic contexts to be more fully researched and an area thought to be a potential historic district when the reconnaissance survey was completed in 2000: a. The "Old Military Road (1839-ca. 1860) Historic Context" should be developed with special attention to the section of North Dubuque Road —the only non -urbanized section of the Military Road remaining in Iowa City. The corridor should be surveyed for historic archeological resources associated with the right-of-way alignment of the road itself and early building remains from the Territorial and Early Statehood Historic Context 1839-1857. b. The `Dubuque Road Dairying Industry (ca. 1900-ca. 1960) Historic Context" should be developed to tell the story of dairying in the farmsteads located along Dubuque Road north of Highway 1 after the turn of the 20" century. Resources related to this historic context would include individual dwellings, barns, outbuildings or entire farmsteads built by farm families that kept dairy herds along this stretch of the former Military Road. Because of modernization, most of the remnants of the former Swaner Farms Dairy — now the Roberts Dairy located along Iowa Highway 1— are not likely to be considered historically significant. E-7 c. Dubuque Road Historic District - The one -mile stretch of Dubuque Road that extends west of Iowa Highway 1 should be evaluated to determine its eligibility as a historic district. - This area is significant based on its association with both the history of the Old Military Road and Dubuque Road Dairying Industry historic contexts. - Since the North District Reconnaissance Survey was completed in 2000, however, considerable new residential development has occurred. - Although the historic contexts identified above remain valid, it is less likely that the Dubuque Road Historic District is an eligible NRHP district. Division of large parcels for new home building and the nature of the designs of the new buildings has lessened the historic character of the area. B. "26" Century Neighborhoods and Suburban Development Historic Context 1900-ca. 1960" 1. A new historic context should be developed to deal with residential neighborhoods in the northwest, southeast, northeast, south, and east central sections of the city developed principally in the years leading up to World War I through the post -World War II building boom. 2. The post World War II boom period is demonstrated by house building statistics: pre-1940 houses numbered 6,325; 1940-1949 numbered 1,360; 1950-1954 numbered 613; and 1955-early 1960 numbered 1,425. 3. To be comprehensive, the period covered should begin at the turn of the 20" century and extend through ca. 1960. 4. To determine neighborhoods for study, an identification of platted subdivisions made during the years 1935 to 1965 was completed by the Iowa City Planning and Community Development Department and Engineering Department staff. A list of subdivisions and location maps appear at the end of the outline section of Appendix M. Then a windshield survey of the identified areas was completed. Finally, a bibliography of relevant primary and secondary resources dealing with Iowa City's development during these years was prepared. It appears at the end Appendix M as well. 5. Once these neighborhood surveys are completed for the 20" Century Neighborhoods, MPDs should be prepared with historic contexts developed that explain the history of neighborhood development, identify the types of historic resources present, evaluate their integrity and significance, identify potential historic district and conservation district boundaries, and determine which resources are individually significant for the NRHP and are contributing or noncontributing resources in potential districts. 6. 20" Century Neighborhoods recommended for completion of reconnaissance and/or intensive level historical and historical surveys are listed below: a. Melrose Neighborhood - Incorporate story of suburban -style development of the Melrose neighborhood into 20" Century Neighborhoods and Suburban Development Historic Context. - Include such features as street layout, park development, modern sub -division design, small house forms, and garage design. - Incorporate information about architects and builders identified in the Melrose Historic District. b. Manville Heights Neighborhood - Neighborhood bounded on the east by Riverside Drive, on the south by the right-of-way of the CRANDIC Railway and U.S. Highway 6, and on the north and west by Park Road. - Area developed initially on farm operated by Frank Hutchinson located about a quarter -mile south of an oxbow in the Iowa River beginning in the 1840s . Area was known as "Hutchinson's Grove." - National Guard encampments held at Hutchinson's Grove shortly after 1900. E-8 Electric interurban between Cedar Rapids and Iowa City completed through area in 1904 — Cedar Rapids and Iowa City Railway (CRANDIC); electricity available to area as a result. Hutchinson's Grove served as Chautauqua Grounds during summers of 1906, 1907 and 1908. City Park property purchased by Iowa City in 1906 and construction of the City Park bridge over the Iowa River completed in 1908. Manville Heights Addition platted in 1910 by Bert E. Manville after purchase of 80 acres from Hutchinson family; house construction begun same year. Manville streetcar line extended to City Park and Heights by 1915 establishing the neighborhood as a true streetcar suburb. Layout of Manville Heights plat resisted grid system neighborhoods of East Side neighborhoods. Instead adopted concept of landscaped, park -like suburbs identified as "Garden Suburbs" or "Garden City" neighborhoods. They included some meandering streets, irregular lots, naturalistic settings, and views of a major natural feature such as park, lake or river. Other subdivisions in place by 1917 included Manville Addition, Chautauqua Heights, Black Springs, and Black's Second with the Folsome farm north of U.S. Highway 6 added as the Capital View Subdivision in 1938. The Manville Addition included multi -acre, block -size lots, which were later divided into the irregular parcels found between Woolf and Magawan avenues. Early Manville Heights homebuyers were affiliated with the University of Iowa — professors, University of Iowa Hospital physicians and employees. Others included local merchants and professionals and the B.E. Manville family. Manville Heights Club established as social club for neighborhood. Manville Heights' growth associated with doubling of Iowa City during the Town and Gown Era from 7,987 in 1900 to 10,091 in 1910 to 11, 267 in 1920 to 15,340 in 1930. University enrollment grew by one third from 1,542 to 2,090 from 1900 to 1910. Manville Heights was a neighborhood in the right place at the right time for growth. Manville Heights reflects the forms and styles of housing popular from World War I through the 1950s including the Georgian Revival, Mission Style, Craftsman, Tudor Revival, and simplified Prairie School styles and vernacular forms such as American -Four Squares, Bungalows, and Period Cottages. Other development factors impacting homebuilding trends included paving of River Drive in 1920, announcement of relocation of the University Hospital and Medical School to the West Campus in 1924, completion of the Hospital in 1928, and the economic downtown resulting from the Great Depression years, the post -World War H boom years, and the completion of the Veterans Administration Hospital in 1952. By 1950s, multi -lot parcels saw sale of separate lots and construction of Ranch homes, Cape Cod cottages, and Neo-Colonial residences. Manville Heights' growth was part of increase in property values in Iowa City from $28.8 million in 1950 to $50 million in 1960. C. Rochester Avenue Neighborhood - Neighborhood includes blocks fronting on Rochester Avenue and blocks to the south from roughly Elizabeth Street on the west to Parsons Avenue or Ralston Creek on the east and from Bloomington Street on the north to Jefferson Street'Glendale Avenue on the south. - The Rochester Avenue neighborhood would include the April 2006 tornado damaged -area along Hotz Street and Clapp Street. - The neighborhood contains several additions platted from end of World War I through the 1950s. - Subdivisions included Rose Hill Addition, J.W. Clark's Addition, Raphael Placer Addition, Mender's Addition (1951), Highland Addition Pt. 2 (1954), Wildwood Addition (1956), Streb's 1st Addition (1958), and Mark Twain Addition (1959). - Meandering course of North Branch of Ralston Creek and Glendale Park included. E-9 Early farmsteads and acreages owned by Ruth Irish and O.S. Barnes on north side of Rochester Road and J.P. Mender, Peter Zach and O.S. Barnes on south side of Rochester Road. Housing stock includes one and two-story frame and masonry residences, mix of vernacular house forms such as American Four -Square, Front -Gable and Wing, and Suburban Cottage; also, pre and post -World War I domestic architectural styles including several Craftsman and Bungalow style variations. d. Morningside-CityHigh Neighborhood - Neighborhood includes blocks between Muscatine Avenue and City High School campus. Court Street forms south boundary and rear property line of houses facing the south side of Glendale Road forms the north boundary. - Development extends from 1920s through post -World War II period and 1950s. - Neighborhood is north of East Iowa City platted in 1898 as a subdivision for manufacturing sites and worker housing. - Neighborhood includes blocks east of former route of Burlington, Cedar Rapids & Northern RR (Chicago, Rock Island, & Pacific RR), now William White Boulevard. - Blocks at west edge of City High School campus were part of former Johnson County Fair Grounds. - First residential area to develop was west of future City High School in the Morningside Addition platted in 1924 on the former fairgrounds site. - City High School built in 1938-1939 as a joint project of the Iowa City School District and the federal Public Works Administration. - World War II deterred development of new subdivisions until end of war. - After war, subdivisions in neighborhood included College Court Place (1948), Wildman's I' Addition (1949), Adrian's Addition (1950), West Bel Air Pt. 1 (1956), and Lafferty Subdivision (1960). - 1950s development in the area symbolized by installation of a miniature Statue of Liberty at entrance in 1950. This was part of a national campaign sponsored by the Boy Scouts of America to erect statues across the U.S. - Herbert Hoover Elementary School added south of high school in 1954 prompting additional wave of residential development. C. "World War 11 and Post -War Boom Historic Context 1940-ca. 1960" 1. A new historic context should be developed to deal with city-wide growth and development during World War II and the Post -War Boom in terms of population growth, university expansion, and industrial growth in Iowa City. 2. The boom period demonstrated by house building statistics: pre-1940 houses numbered 6,325; 1940-1949 numbered 1,360; 1950-1954 numbered 613; and 1955-early 1960 numbered 1,425. 3. New manufacturers established since 1940 included Owens Brush (toothbrushes), Proctor & Gamble (toiletries), Sheller Manufacturing (urethane foam), and Moore Business Forms (printing) 4. General population figures show increases that parallels growth in university enrollment during and after the war. 5. Growth and expansion of downtown businesses. D. `Iowa City Architects, Builders, and Developers Historic Context 1840-ca. 1960" 1. A new historic context should be developed to deal with the story of architects and builders who left an impact on the appearance of the evolving community during the 19" and 20" centuries. 2. 19" century architects and builders to be evaluated include John Francis Rague, architect of Old Capitol, Robert S. Finkbine, Henry L. Fisk, Chauncey F. Lovelace, and James M. Sheets. E-10 3. Architects and builders from the turn of the 20" century decades and the early 20th century include Orville H. Carpenter, Frank X. Freyder, B.A. Wickham, the various Hunzinger companies - J.H. Hunzinger & Co., Hunzinger-Wagner Co., Frank E. Hunzinger, and W.H. Wagner, Jeremiah McLaughlin, Howard F. Moffit and Ray Blakesleyt, G.L. Lockart, Lester Palmer, Frank and Warren Burger, J. Bradley Rust, Wayne Paulson of West Branch and Neal F. Miller. 4. Developers of note for the 20" century include the Rundell Land and Improvement Company; Bert E. Manville; and George and Lee Koser with Koser and Sidwell Realty and Koser Brothers Realty. 5. Design work should be evaluated based on domestic and commercial building groups, urban and suburban groups, and single-family and multi -family buildings. E. "University oflowa Greek Community: Sorority and Fraternity Houses Historic Context, 1866-ca. 1960" 1. The Alpha Beta chapter of Beta Theta Pi Fraternity was the first fraternity established on campus in 1866 and the first sorority was founded in 1881. 2. First traditionally African- American fraternity, Kappa Alpha Psi, established in 1914 and first sorority, Delta Sigma Theta, in 1919. 3. Role and importance of fraternities and sororities in student social life. 4. Role and importance of fraternities and sororities in providing housing for growing student enrollment. 5. Parallels of UI Greek Community with national trends. 6. Primary building period for sorority and fraternity houses was between ca. 1910 and ca. 1935. 7. Adaptation of Early 20" Century Revival styles to fraternity and sorority house forms. 8. Shared features of fraternity and sorority houses with other multi -unit building in Iowa City during UI housing boom. 9. Primary areas where buildings were erected: a. North Side group including buildings in blocks along North Dubuque Street south of Park Drive and North Clinton including intersecting streets such as Fairchild, Bloomington and Market streets; primary group in 600-800 blocks of N. Dubuque and 300-400 blocks N. Clinton b. East College Street c. East Burlington Street d. Riverside Drive and Ellis Street F. "University oflowa Writers' Workshop Historic Context, 1936 -ca. 1960" - Creative writing program established in the School of Letters at the University of Iowa in 1936 - Wilbur Schramm, first director - Paul Engle, director from 1941-1966 - Gathering of poets and fiction writers with distinguished guest writers and lecturers - Writers' Workshop became a significant force in American letters under Paul Engle - Pulitzer Prize winners from the program include writers of fiction, journalism, & poetry and are summarized below: 1. Fiction writers: a. Robert Penn Warren, 1947 Pulitzer for All the King's Men, former faculty member. b. Wallace Stegner, 1972 Pulitzer for Angle of Repose, MA, 1932; PhD, English, 1935. c. James Alan McPherson, 1977 Pulitzer for Elbow Room, MFA, 1969; current faculty member. d. John Cheever, 1979 Pulitzer for The Stories of John Cheever, former faculty member. e. Jane Smiley, 1992 Pulitzer for A Thousand Acres, MA, 1975; MFA, English, 1976; PhD, English, 1978. f Philip Roth, 1998 Pulitzer for American Pastoral, former faculty member. g. Michael Cunningham, 1999 Pulitzer for The Hours, MFA, English, 1980. h. Marilynn Robinson, 2005 Pulitzer for Gilead, faculty member. E-11 2. Journalists: Tracy Kidder, 1982 Pulitzer in general nonfiction for The Soul of a New Machine, MFX 1974. 3. Poets a. Robert Lowell, 1947 Pulitzer for Lord Weary's Castle, 1974 Pulitzer for The Dolphin, former faculty member. b. Robert Penn Warren, 1958 Pulitzer for Poems 1954-56, Now and Then, 1980 Pulitzer for Poems 1976-78, former faculty member. c. W.D. Snodgrass, 1960 Pulitzer for Heart's Needle, BA, 1949; MA, 1951; MFX 1953. d. John Berryman, 1965 Pulitzer for 77Dream Songs, former faculty member. e. Donald Justice, 1980 Pulitzer for Selected Poems, former faculty member. f. Carolyn Kizer, 1985 Pulitzer for Yin, former faculty member. g. Rita Dove, 1987 Pulitzer for Thomas and Beulah, MFX 1977. h. Mona Van Duyn, 1991 Pulitzer Prize for Near Changes, MA, English, 1943. i. James Tate, 1992 Pulitzer for Selected Poems, MFX 1967. j. Louise Gluck, 1993 Pulitzer for The Wild Iris, former faculty member. k. Philip Levine, 1995 Pulitzer for The Simple Truth, MFX 1957; former faculty member. 1. Jorie Graham, 1996 Pulitzer for The Dream of the Unified Field, MFX English, 1978; former faculty member. m. Charles Wright, 1998 Pulitzer for Black Zodiac, MFX 1963. n. Mark Strand, 1999 Pulitzer for Blizzard of One, MA, 1962; former faculty member. G. "University oflowa Sports Historic Context, 1890-ca. 1960" 1. Evaluate the tradition of "sport" at the University of Iowa 2. Study major sport fields including: a. Baseball b. Basketball—men's and women's c. Track and field — men's and women's d. Football e. Golf — men's and women's f. Gymnastics — men's and women's g. Rowing h. Softball i. Swimming and Diving j. Tennis — men's and women's k. Wrestling 3. Identify standout players and teams at UI and nationally 4. Identify nationally important coaches 5. Identify major sports facilities — i.e. Iowa Stadium/Kinnick Stadium (1929) and Finkbine Golf Course H. Iowa City Hospitals Historic Context, ca. 1872-ca. 1960 1. Tradition of medical care in Iowa City 2. Private hospitals a. Mercy Hospital b. Osteopathic Hospital 3. Tradition of hospitals and medical schools at the University of Iowa a. University of Iowa Hospital and Medical School —East Side (1897) b. University of Iowa Hospital and Medical School —West Side (1928) E-12 c. State of Iowa medical care legislation and related facilities d. University of Iowa Children's Hospital (1919) e. University of Iowa Psychopathic Hospital (1921) f University of Iowa Isolation Hospital (1916) and Oakdale State Tuberculosis Sanitorium (1908, 1926) g. University of Iowa Dentistry College, Pharmacy School, and Nursing School 4. Veterans' Administration Hospital (1954) I. `Tames Van Allen (1914-2006), Physicist and Astronomer" individual NRHP nomination 1. Identify historic resource(s) associated with James Van Allen. 2. Develop an individual NRHP nomination for the resource(s) based on Van Allen's national and international level significance; evaluate for National Historic Landmark status. 3. Van Allen's roots extend to his birthplace in Mount Pleasant, Iowa. 4. Undergraduate education —BA Iowa Wesleyan College (1935)- second Byrd Expedition. 5. Graduate education - master's and doctorate from the University of Iowa (1936 and 1939). 6. Research at the Carnegie Institution of Washington and at the Applied Physics Laboratory of Johns Hopkins University on radio proximity fuzes - detonators to increase the effectiveness of anti-aircraft fire to defend ships (1940-1942); sponsor - the National Defense Research Council. 7. 1943-1945, U.S. Navy. 8. 1946-1951, Applied Physics Laboratory of Johns Hopkins University, high -altitude experimental work. 9. 1951, Guggenheim research fellowship at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. 10. 1951-1985, professor and head of the University of Iowa Department of Physics and Astronomy. 11. Research in 1950s at UI included use of UI football practice field to launch rockets and "rockoons" - rockets carried aloft by balloons - to conduct cosmic ray experiments above the atmosphere. 12. Research and development of UI-built instruments carried aboard the first successful U.S. satellite, Explorer 1, in 1958; discovery marked the birth of the research field of magnetospheric physics. 13. Discovery of bands of intense radiation surrounding the Earth, later named the "Van Allen radiation belts." 14. First survey of the radiation belts of Jupiter using the Pioneer 10 spacecraft in 1973. 15. Discovery and survey of Saturn's radiation belts using data from the Pioneer 11 spacecraft in 1979. 16. Retired from active teaching in 1985. 17. Continued research on data from Pioneer 10, 1972-2003. 18. Interdisciplinary scientist for the Galileo spacecraft, which reached Jupiter in 1995. 19. Critic of manned space flight in favor of remote -controlled, unmanned spacecraft. 20. Recipient of national and international awards including: a. Daniel and Florence Guggenheim International Astronautical Award (1962) presented by the International Academy of Astronautics for noteworthy contributions to astronautics; b. National Medal of Science (1987), the nation's highest honor for scientific achievement, presented by President Reagan; c. Crafoord Prize (1989), awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences presented by the King of Sweden, highest award for research in a number of scientific fields and, for space exploration, is the equivalent of the Nobel Prize; d. Gerard P. Kuiper Prize from the Division of Planetary Sciences of the American Astronomical Society (1994); and e. 2006 Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum Trophy for lifetime achievement "University oflowa Hydraulics Laboratoryllowa Institute of Hydraulic Research Historic Context, 1919-ca. 1960" 1. Nationally important fluids and early research and engineering laboratories 2. Floyd Nagler, founding director of SUI Hydraulics Laboratory, 1920-1933 E-13 3. Hydraulic modeling efforts were instrumental in development of the 9-foot navigation channel of the Upper Mississippi River in the 1930s 4. Hunter Rouse, director (1933-1965) 5. Research efforts to support World War II including development of nozzles for fighting fires at sea, methods to disperse fog over British landing fields, and first studies in ship hydrodynamics 6. John Fisher Kennedy, director (1966-1991) 7. Enzo O. Macagno and his wife Matilde, international experts on Leonardo da Vinci and his studies of flow mechanics; extensively published authors. K. `Prehistory oflowa City Historic Context"` 1. Review pre -historic and historic archeological investigations in Iowa City area. - Include pre-1920 studies by Davis (1883), Clement Webster (1887), Charles A. White (n.d.), and Duran J.H. Ward (1904, 1905) - Include 1921-1950 studies by Charles R. Keyes and the Iowa Archeological Survey - Include Smithsonian Institution's River Basin Survey program for Coralville Reservoir by Warren Caldwell (1961) and Richard P. Wheeler (1949); later studies by Adrian Anderson (1971) and David F. Overstreet (1986) - Include 1838-era Napoleon townsite survey by Randall Withrow (1998) and archaeologcal surveys along Highway 1 by John G. Hedden et al. (2000), Mary Whalen and Jeffrey Anderson (2001). - Include Thomas Charlton, Cynthia Otis Charlton, Stephen Lensink, and James A. Sartain (1988) and others for Plum Grove archaeology. - Include Richard Fishel for studies of historic city dumps along Ralston Creek within Iowa City; survey along Camp Cardinal Road. - Include Timothy Weitzel for study of Foster Road Extension and 1A Avenue extension. - Include Cynthia Peterson for studies of Sand Road Heritage Corridor and John Gilbert's Trade Cabin at Napoleon (1997). 2. Review other studies and private collections relating to pre -historic and historic archaeological findings. - Include Roger Anderson's collection and investigations for the Hickory Hill area. - Include information for abandoned brickworks sites such as the Ferdinand Goss Brickworks on Outlot 13 between Lucas and Governor Streets in Happy Hollow Park and the Oakes Brickworks on the Longfellow School grounds. - Include Michael Perry's investigations of upland sites in the Northeast Planning District - Include Mark Anderson's investigations in the South Central Planning District. - Include Iowa River quarry sites such as Hutchinson's Quarry, the Old Capitol Quarry and others. - Include Woodland mounds along the Iowa River Valley. - Include studies of the Montgomery -Butler House site. - Include studies of Iowa City's abandoned railroad grades. 3. Prehistoric Archaeology Overview a. Paleoindian Tradition (9,500-7,500 B.C.) - Deglaciated landscape - Clovis complex defined by fluted point projectile point/knives Outline for the archaeology historic context is based on three sources: 1) "A Brief Culture History of Iowa," by Shirley J. Schermer, William Green, and James M. Collins with the Office of the State Archeologist, University of Iowa, available online athttp://www.uiowa.edu/—osa/learn/prehistoric/overview.htm1 2) Discussions with Tim Weitzel, archaeologist and chairperson of the Iowa City HPC, November 2006, and 3) "Prehistoric and Historic Resources of Johnson County, Iowa, Multiple Property Documentation Form" prepared by Louis Burger Group, Inc., Cedar Rapids, Iowa, undated, on file, State Historic Preservation Office, Des Moines, Iowa. E-14 b. Archaic Tradition (7,500-500 B.C.) 1) Early Archaic (7,500-5,500 B.C.) - transitional stage at end of the glacial period and the onset of warmer and drier climatic conditions - transition from big game to forager 2) Middle Archaic (5,500-2,500 B.C.) - Practiced a mobile foraging economy - Shift in subsistence orientation toward the exploitation of circumscribed forest and river resources 3) Late Archaic (ca. 2,500-500 B.C.) - Characterized by increased population levels, increased territoriality, intensive foraging, and development of exchange networks c. Woodland Tradition (500 B.C.-1400 A.D.) - Characterized by improved technologies (ceramic production, horticulture, and bow and arrow); socioeconomic changes - Increase in settlement size - Intensive exploitation of local plant and animal species - Increased reliance on plant cultigens - Construction of earthen burial mounds; multiple series of conical mound groups built in Iowa City by one or more Woodland Period groups( 500 B.C. to A.D. 1400) 1) Early Woodland Stage (500-100 B.C.) - Characterized by small, seasonal settlements; subsistence hunting; large burial mounds; and interaction with other Midwest groups 2) Middle Woodland Stage (100 B.C.- 300 A.D.) - Characterized by refined artworks, complex mortuary program, and extensive trade networks 3) Late Woodland Stage (300 A.D.-1400 A.D.) - Aggregated population into large, planned villages; crop horticulture and diversified hunting and gathering; and less complex mound building - Mississippian Culture in florescence in American Bottom; outlying posts established throughout Upper Midwest and eastern Plains. No evidence for direct settlement by Mississippian peoples in Iowa. d. Late Prehistoric or Mississippian Tradition (1000-1650 A.D.) —Middle and Upper Mississippian - Characterized by intensive agriculture - corn, beans, and squash; nucleated settlements with prominent platform temple mounds and plazas; complex social organization; and occupational specialization. - Mississippian Culture in florescence in American Bottom; outlying posts established throughout Upper Midwest and eastern Plains. However, no evidence for direct settlement by Mississippian peoples in Iowa. e. Oneota Culture (1000 A.D. — 1650 A.D.) - Oneota is the most recent prehistoric cultural group in Iowa; predominant in Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and eastern edge of Great Plains - Later phases of the Oneota culture likely related to Siouan speakers; descendents known as Ioway, Oto (Otoe), Missouria, Winnebago (including the Ho -Chunk of Wisconsin and Winnebago of Nebraska), Kansa, Omaha -Ponca, and Dakota and some Algonquian speakers, such as the Illinois and Miami. - Oneota sites occur where floodplain, upland forest, and prairie meet - Oneota had a diverse subsistence economy based on hunting, seasonal wild plant harvesting, and intensive E-15 - Decorative motifs and shell tempering distinguish pottery - later phases of Oneota peoples lived in villages located on sand or gravel river terraces and consisting of clusters of large, multi -family longhouses - Oneota tools made from flaked stone and worked bone 4. Historic Indians and Euro-American Overview - Historic Archaeology Timeline - First Euro-American contact—"protohistoric period" (1640-1700 A.D.) - Period after 1650 characterized by European competition for tribal alliances and trade; European diseases; tribal population decline - French arrival in Mississippi Valley (1673) - Radisson and des Grosielles explore upper Mississippi Valley west of Lake Superior, likely including Iowa (1654-56). - Radisson reported meeting a group by the name Maingoinis, or Moingoina who are known to have been living near the mouth of the Des Moines River at this time. - Meskwaki on the Wolf River, Wisconsin (1669-1680) - About this time, Meskwaki cheated by two unidentified Frenchmen in area of La Pointe, WI coloring their perceptions of the French from this point forward - Marquette and Joliet explore Mississippi Valley; meet Moigwena tribe of the Illinois Indians whose village was on the southwest or Missouri side of the Des Moines River (1673). - Ioway Indians visit Louis Andre's Jesuit mission at De Pere, Wisconsin on Green Bay (1676) - Michel Accault, the first European to contact Ioway at their villages (late 1670s) - Meskwaki pursued into Iowa by French soldiers and taken prisoner near Des Moines, Iowa (1732) - Meskwaki return to Wisconsin (1765) - Carver visits Meskwak in Wisconsin (1766) - Meskwaki establish themselves along west bank of Mississippi River; begin mining lead (1773), previously known to French explores in area from Galena, IL north to Pendarvis, WI, and probably including the Dubuque area as well. - Dubuque receives a permit from Meskwaki to mine lead in Dubuque area (1788) - Mesquakie (Fox) villages established along Iowa River (1750-1800) - Louisiana Purchase (1803) - 1804 William Henry Harrison deceives Meskwaki and convinces them to sign away land rights; 1804 treaty joined the Meskwaki to the Sauk (Sac) for administrative purposes, without the consent of their tribal councils - Ioway continually pushed west by the Sauk and Meskwaki, and back east by the Oto and Missouria tribes (1812-1837) - As a result of the Black Hawk War, Meskwaki (Fox) villages established along Iowa -Cedar river basin sometime between 1832-1834, outside of Scott's Purchase or the First Black Hawk Purchase - Army patrols, including Lt. Jefferson Davis, patrol Iowa frontier for Squatters under command of Captain Zachary Taylor (1830-1833) - Albert Lea's Company of Dragoons note Poweshiek's village Located in the vicinity of Conesville on Cedar River (1834) - Poweshiek's village in southern Johnson County (1836) - Tototonoc, a Sauk chief, leaves Keokuk's territory in protest of his rise to authority and in deference to Black Hawk: Many of his people join either Poweshiek or Wapashahiek's villages while Tototonoc himself joins the Winnebago (Ho -Chunk). - John Gilbert arrives in Johnson County, then wilderness with no territorial jurisdiction (ca.1826). Establishes trading house on Snyder's Creek, Pleasant Valley Twp. (1830) - P. Clark, E. Myers, and S.C. Trowbridge arrive (1836). E-16 - Iowa Map indicates previous location of two Ioway Villages near Iowa City. Despite written support of Superintendent William Clark, Ioway lose title to their Iowa land claims (1837) - Two Mesquakie bands located in and around Iowa City area; Poweshiek's band located near future town of Napoleon at Napoleon Park, and Wapashashiek band located on the Iowa River terrace about one mile south of Napoleon Park - Some reports indicate villages were within the town borders — generously platted at about two square miles (1837); in 1837, Gilbert used his influence with the Native Americans to secure preemptive land claims near Poweshiek's Village and Napoleon Park. - John Gilbert quits the American Fur Company; starts own trading house located on road to Bloomington (Muscatine) in 1837. Wheaton Chase, with over sight by Phelps, starts a new American Fur Company house to the south of that location. The 1883 county history shows Wapashiek's village as directly adjacent to the future Napoleon townsite; Poweshiek's village is directly in line with the road to Muscatine. - Meskwaki pay cash to Trowbridge and others to construct a palisade to protect them from the Dakota (Sioux) (1837) - Pressured by white settlement west of the Mississippi River in Iowa, Mesquakie villages moved upstream along Iowa River in early 1800s. - Land cession treaties in Iowa 1804, 1832, 1836, 1837, and 1842 - Portions of Johnson County included in 1832 (Black Hawk Purchase), 1836, and 1837 cessions with most of Johnson County opened to Euro-American settlement in October 1837, following treaty negotiations with the Sauk and Meskwaki tribes - In 1838, the town of Napoleon, in East Lucas Township, was platted, and became the fist county seat. - Organization of Iowa in pre -statehood era: - After Missouri became a state, Iowa was in "unorganized federal territory" (1821) - Iowa made part of Michigan Territory (1834) - Iowa included in Wisconsin Territory (1836) - Formation of Iowa Territory (July 4, 1838) Gilbert moves trading house adjacent to Wapashiek's village; makes plans for the town of Napoleon (1838) - Napoleon and Johnson County jurisdictions established within Iowa Territory, first court house built at Napoleon (1838) - First Post Office established; John Gilbert dies from illness (1839) - Territorial Capitol commission (Swan, Ronalds, and Ralston) meets at Napoleon (1838) - Capitol ground and original Iowa City town plat surveyed (Cox, Frierson, Judson). Meskwaki reported by Shambaugh to have watched (1839) - Poweshiek's village moved to West edge of Monroe Township; stopping to visit white friend Patrick Smith in Napoleon on the way; farewell speech recorded by A.D. Stephens (1839) - Meskwaki become ill with smallpox, cholera, or ague. During that episode, the youngest daughter of Poweshiek made a feather cape, now in Iowa Hall. It was given to Dr. Henry Murray of Iowa City in 1844 as payment for his medical services shortly before Poweshiek moved his band further up the Iowa River - Ten Eyck Cabin (nonextant), southwest corner Iowa Ave and Dubuque St (1839) - Lean Back Hall (1839, nonextant) - Post Office and County Seat moved to Iowa City from Napoleon (1839) - Joseph N. Nicollet conducted a systematic hydrographic river basin survey to document water resources and transportation routes; Military Road designated from Iowa City to Dubuque (1839) - Butler's Hotel and Temporary Capitol (1841-1892) - Poweshiek's village moved to 5 miles downstream of Marengo, likely at South Amana (1844) E-17 - Historic resources from pre -territorial period include Fox village sites, early Euro-American town sites, homesteads, farmsteads, and commercial properties such as fur trading posts, mills and quarries - Establishment of State of Iowa (1846) - Iowa City Township established February 10, 1846 with boundary changes in 1859, 1873, and 1910; became corporate limits of Iowa City in 1873. - Plum Grove Farm Site (1844) established as Governor Lucas farmstead - Montgomery -Butler House Site established 1853 as farm and ferry site - Other 1840s and 1850s-era properties in developed portions of Iowa City with limited disturbance of original sites. E-18 Iowa City Subdivision List —1924 - 19652 Number Year Subdivision 1 1924 Momingside Addition #1 2 1927 Badyand Beck 3 1938 Capital View Addition 4 1939 Kirkwood Circle 5 1948 College Court Place 6 1948 Ball's l st Addition 7 1949 Wildman's 1st 8 1950 1 Adrian's 9 1950 Wildman's 10 1950 C.R. Regan 11 1950 Giblin's Subdivison #2 12 1951 Meurer's Addition 13 1952 Oak Park Court 14 1953 Giblin's Subdivison#1 15 1953 Highland Addition Pt 1 16 1954 I.O.O.F. Subdivision 17 1954 Highland Addition Pt 2 18 1954 Plum Grove Pt. 1 19 1955 1 Hi bland Addition Pt. 3 20 1955 Plum Grove Pt. 2 21 1955 Plum Grove Pt. 3 22 1955 Whiting Addition Pt 1 23 1955 Wise Addition 24 1956 Towncrest Pt. 1 25 1956 Bel Air Pt. 1 26 1956 West Bel Air Pt. 1 27 1956 Whiling Addition Pt 2 28 1956 Wildwood Addition 29 1956 Tower Addition 30 1957 Court Hill Pt 1 31 1957 Larson Subdivision 32 1957 West Bel Air Pt. 2 33 1957 Plum Grove Pt. 4 34 1957 Whiling Addition Pt 3 35 1957 Terrace Hill Pt. 2 36 1958 Court Hill Pt 2 37 1958 West Bel Air Pt. 3 38 1958 Streb's 1st Addition 39 1958 Streb's 2nd Addition 40 1958 School Commissioner's Sub. 41 1958 Sperrys Resub. Of Reid's Add. 42 1959 Court Hill Pt 3 43 1959 Durlap's 1st Addition 44 1959 North Bel Air Addition 45 1959 Mark Twain Addition 46 1959 Plum Grove Pt. 5 47 1959 Whiling Addition Pt 4 48 1959 Whiling Addition Pt. 5 49 1959 Giblin's Addition 50 1959 Ball's 2nd Addition 51 1959 North Hills Subdivision 52 1960 Court Hill Pt 4 Numbered maps showing subdivisions appear in Appendix M. 53 1960 Bel Air Pt. 2 54 1960 Lafferty Subdivision 55 1960 Parkview Terrace Addition 56 1961 Rochester Addition 57 1961 Rochester First Addition 58 1961 Sherwood Forest 59 1961 Terrace Hill Pt. 3 60 1962 Court Hill Pt 5 61 1962 Towncrest Pt. 2 62 1962 Mt. Shrader 63 1962 Mt. Shrader Pt. 1 64 1962 Whiting Addition Pt 6 65 1962 Terrace Hill Pt. 1 66 1962 Bryn Mawr Pt. 1 67 1963 Court Hill Pt 6 68 1963 Court Hill Pt 7 69 1963 Towncrest Pt. 3 70 1963 Mt. Shrader Pt. 2 71 1963 Tudor Park 72 1963 Miller Addition 73 1963 Whiting Addition Pt 7 74 1963 Bryn Mawr Pt. 2 75 1964 Court Hill Pt 8 76 1964 Court Hill Pt 9 77 1964 Court Hill Pt 10 78 1964 Irish Tract 79 1964 1 Linden Park 80 1964 Mt. Shrader Pt. 3 81 1964 Hollywood Manor Pt. 1 82 1964 Hollywood Manor Pt. 2 83 1964 Mark Twain Addition South 84 1964 Black's Park Addition 85 1964 Cartwriht's Addition 86 1965 Mt. Shrader Pt. 4 87 1965 WasMngton Park 88 1965 1 Windsor Heights Pt. 1-4 89 1965 Hollywood Manor Pt. 3 90 1965 Yakish Estates 91 1965 Court Hill Pt 12 92 1967 Walden's Subdivision of Irish Tract E-19 Bibliography for Historic Contexts and Update of Iowa City Historic Resources MPD "About the Workshop." University of Iowa Writers' Workshop, available online at: httn://www.uiowa.edu/%7 Eiww/abouthtm; accessed September 12, 2006. Atlas of Johnson County, Iowa. [Publisher Unknown] 1917. Atlas of Johnson County, Iowa. Davenport, Iowa: The Huebinger Survey & Map Publishing Co., 1900. Aumer, Charles Ray. Leading Events in Johnson County, Iowa History, Vol 1 & 2. Cedar Rapids: Western Historical Press, 1912. Census oflowa for 1905, 1915, and 1925 as printed by various State Printers. Census of the United States for 1900, 1910, 1920, 1930, 1940, 1950, and 1960. City Directories of Iowa City, 1904 - 1960. Donnelly, Kenneth. A History ofSt. Patrick's Parish, 1872-1972. Iowa City, Iowa: Donnelly, 1972. Drury, John. This is Johnson County, Iowa. Chicago: The Loree Company, 1955. Engle, Paul. Midlands: Program in Creative Writing, ca. 1965. Flight Over Time: 70 Years of History at the Iowa City Municipal Airport. Iowa City, Iowa: Iowa City Airport Team Staff, ca. 1988. Gerber, John C. A Pictorial History of the University oflowa. Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Press, 1988. Harland Bartholomew and Associates, City Planners. `Preliminary Report Growth of the Community, Iowa City, Iowa." St. Louis, Missouri: Harland Bartholomew and Associates, 1959. Harland Bartholomew and Associates, City Planners. `Preliminary Report Upon Land Use and Zoning, Iowa City, Iowa." St. Louis, Missouri: Harland Bartholomew and Associates, 1959. Harland Bartholomew and Associates, City Planners. `Preliminary Report Upon Schools and Parks, Iowa City, Iowa." St. Louis, Missouri: Harland Bartholomew and Associates, 1959. Hemingway, Dave. Remarkable Iowa City Women. Iowa City, Iowa: The Emma Peel Press, c. 1977. "History of Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research;" available at: httn://www.iihr.uiowa.edu/focusareas/history_12hp: accessed September 12, 2006. Horton, Loren Nelson. Census Data for Iowa. Iowa City, Iowa: State Historical Society of Iowa, 1973. Hubbard, Philip G. My Iowa Journey: The Life Story of the University oflawa's First African American Professor. Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Press, 1999. Insurance Maps oflowa City, Iowa. (New York: The Sanborn Map Company; 1874, 1879, 1883, 1888, 1892, 1899, 1906, 1912, 1920, 1926, 1933, 1933-1970) E-20 Interview and contributory materials, Tim Weitzel, archaeologist and chairperson of the Iowa City UPC, December 2006. Iowa City, a Sense of Place. Iowa City, Iowa: Iowa City Press -Citizen, 2001. Iowa City Chamber of Commerce. Iowa City: A Midwest Center of Education, Medical Service, Better Living. Iowa City, Iowa: Iowa City Chamber of Commerce, 1950. Iowa City Chamber of Commerce. Iowa City Chamber of Commerce Annual Report. Iowa City, Iowa: Iowa City Chamber of Commerce, 1949. Iowa City, Iowa, a City ofHomes. Iowa City, Iowa: Iowa City Commercial Club, 1914. "Iowa City — Profile in Progress." Build America Better Committee, National Association of Real Estate Boards, 1964. Iowa Official Register. Des Moines, Iowa: Secretary of State, 1901, 1905, 1909/ 10, 1913/ 14, 1925/ 1926, 1937/1938, 1949/1950, 1961/1962, 1973/1974 1977/1978. "Iowa Writers' Workshop." Wikepedia entry listing of Pulitzer Prize winning writers. available online at: htty://en.wikiyedia.org/wiki/Iowa Writers 9/627 Workshop; accessed September 12, 2006. Johnson County History. Iowa City, Iowa. Iowa Writers Project, Works Progress Administration, 1941. Keyes, Margaret N. Nineteenth Century Home Architecture in Iowa City. Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Press, 1966. Lafore, Laurence Davis. American Classic. Iowa City, Iowa: State Historical Society of Iowa, 1975. Soucek, M. Joan. "A Literary Walking Tour of Eastside Iowa City." Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa, Division of Continuing Education, Spring 1990. Mansheim, Gerald. Iowa City: An Illustrated History. Norfolk, Virginia: The Downing Company, 1989. Map of Iowa City, Iowa, with Description of Resources and Natural Resources and Advantages. (Des Moines, Iowa: The Iowa Publishing Co., 1910.) Megee, Mary. "Economic Base Study of Iowa City. Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa, College of Business Administration, Bureau of Business and Economic Research, 1966. Noun, Louise R. Strong -Minded Women. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 1969. Perl, Larry. Calm and Secure on the Hill: A Retrospective of the University oflowa. Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Alumni Association, 1978. Persons, Stow. The University of Iowa in the Twentieth Century: An Institutional History. Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Press, 1990. Portrait and Biographical Record of Johnson, Poweshiek and Iowa Counties, Iowa. Chicago: Chapman Bros., 1893. E-21 The Report of Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects of Brookline, Massachusetts. (Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa, 1905.) Richardson, Jim. The University oflowa. Louisville, Kentucky: Harmony House Publishers, 1989. Seems Like Old Times, Iowa Writers' Workshop Golden Jubilee. " E. Dinger, editor. Iowa City, Iowa, 1986. Souvenir of the Celebration of the Golden Jubilee of Saint Patrick's Parish. Iowa City, Iowa, 1922. "U.S. Space Pioneer, UI Professor James A. Van Allen Dies." University of Iowa News Release; available online at: htty://www.news-releases.uiowa.edu/2006/august/080906van-allen-death.html; accessed September 12, 2006. Weber, Irving. Irving Weber's Iowa City - Vol. I, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Iowa City, Iowa: Iowa City Lions Club, 1976, 1979, 1985, 1987, 1989 and 1990. Wilbers, Stephen. The Iowa Writers' Workshop: Origins, Emergence, and Growth. Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Press, 1980. Newspapers Articles Iowa City Press -Citizen Articles: "Anti -Liquor Legislation." November 19, 1940. "Bridges and Ferries." March 2, 1939. "Buildings Fade with Urban Renewal." June 28, 1980. "Change Sweeps Through Downtown Iowa City." August 2, 1980. "City's First Apartment Building Built in 1914." July 2, 1983. "Clinton Street Famous for Many Clothing Stores." July 26, 1980. "Downtown Iowa City gets a Booming' Face Lift." June 21, 1980. "Early Temperance Worker." January 19. 1939. "Elks Lodge Once Owned Press -Citizen Site -Frame Houses Stood on Historical Building Site." September 13, 1980. "Emma Harvat Made News in 1922 by Serving as Iowa City's Mayor." April 21, 1984. "Ever -Changing Iowa Avenue." June 14, 1980. "A Fact a Day About Iowa City - The Coralville Dam." October 15, 1930. "A Fact a Day About Iowa City -Early Day Bridges." February 6, 1952. "A Fact a Day About Iowa City -Tells of Beginnings of Iowa City School System." December 29, 1938. E-22 "A Fact a Day About Iowa City - Women's Rights." September 20, 1952. "Feed Mills Gave Way to More Modern Business." August 16, 1980. "Folsom Heights: Calm and Secure on the Hill." May 23, 1981. "The Foreign Born." May 4, 1933. "Grand Old Homes Once Graced Prime Locations." July 12, 1980. "History of Iowa City's Financial Growth Shows Safe and Sane Development of Banks." December 2, 1929. "Iowa City - Its Advantages as a Manufacturing Town." Iowa City Weekly Republican, July 26, 1899. "Iowa City - Past, Present, Future." Iowa City Press -Citizen, December 5, 1910. "Iowa City's Puzzling Growth Rate." March 21, 1981. "Jefferson Building Dedicated in 1913." February 9, 1974. "Last Vestige of Popular Interurban Uprooted." May 17, 1980. "A Little Bit of Ethnicity." May 31, 1986. "Local Government." August 3, 1940. "Manville Heights: 75 Years Ago It Was One of V Subdivisions." April 27, 1985. "Movie Houses, Shops Lined Dubuque Street." November 1, 1980. "Old, New Give Birth to Change." June 7, 1980. "Old Post Road." April 5, 1945. "150 Years of Great Afternoons." May 4, 1989. "Pioneer Grocers." December 4, 1940. "Sicilians Operated Iowa City's Early Fruit Stores." August 23, 1980. "Three Key Bridges Span City History, Spur Growth." October 25, 1980. "UI Inspired Building Boom of 1927-29." July 16, 1983. "University of Iowa Pioneered Television Broadcasts in 1932." April 14, 1949. "War and Enrollment." May 25, 1939. "Where did Students Live Before Dormitories?" November 2, 1985. E-23 "Iowa City, Founded 90 Years Ago, Shows Progressive Spirit in the Pioneer Days." September 30, 1929. "Historic Home Sold to Cannon." Iowa City Republican, May 26, 1922. "Iowa City Women are Six to One for Equal Suffrage in Test Made." Iowa City Daily Citizen, May 26, 1916. Articles, Pamphlets and Reports "City - University I Urban Renewal Project." Kansas City, Missouri: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 1973. Cone, Carl B. "Growing Up in Iowa City: Recollections of an Historian." The Palimpsest, Vol. 64, No. 1 (January, 1983), 14. Ebert, Sylvanus J. 'Radio History at Iowa." Iowa Transit. Vol. 42, No. 5 (February 1938), 3-6, 12. Ellis, Edwin Charles. "Certain Stylistic Trends in Architecture in Iowa City." Unpublished M.A- Thesis, University of Iowa, 1947. Ferron, Albert L. "The Nature and Scope of Community Planning Activities in Iowa City." Unpublished M.A. Thesis, University of Iowa, 1950. Leonard, L. O. "The Kirkwood Home of Iowa City," The RocklslandMagazine, Vol 24, No. 7, July 1929, 13-14. Leonard, L. O. "The Robert Lucas Home at Iowa City," The RocklslandMagazine, Vol 25, No. 2, February 1930, 13-14. May, George S. "The Good Roads Movement in Iowa." The Palimpsest, Vol. 36, No. 1 (January, 1955), 64. Petersen, William John. "Iowa City - Then and Now." The Palimpsest, Vol. 48, No. 2 (February, 1967), 81. Pittman, Von V., Jr. "Station WSUI and the Early Days of Instructional Radio." The Palimpsest, Vol 67, No. 2 (March/ April, 1986), 38-52. "Prehistoric and Historic Resources of Johnson County, Iowa, Multiple Property Documentation Form" prepared by Louis Burger Group, Inc., Cedar Rapids, Iowa, undated; on file, State Historic Preservation Office, Des Moines, Iowa. Rogers, Earl M., "A Bibliography of the History of the University of Iowa, 1847 - 1978." Preliminary Edition, University of Iowa Libraries, 1979. Shirley J. Schermer, William Green, and James M. Collins, "A Brief Culture History of Iowa," (Iowa City, Iowa: Office of the State Archeologist, University of Iowa; available online at http://www.uiowa.edu/ —osa/learn/prehistoric/overview.htm; accessed 12/1/06. Schroder, Alan M. "Former Homes of the State Historical Society, 1857-1960." The Palimpsest, Vol. 63, No. 3 (May/June, 1982), 83-85. Shendle, Irene Blanche. "A History of the Iowa City Press -Citizen, 1841-1931." Unpublished M.A- Thesis, University of Iowa, 1931. E-24 "State University of Iowa Building Situation. (Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa, 1923.) Thornton, Harrison John. "Locating the State University of Iowa." Iowa Journal of History, Vol. 47, No. 1 (January, 1949), 60-62. The University of Iowa Fact Book (Iowa City, Iowa: Office of University Relations, 1979; updated November, 1987.) Wheeler, Robert J. "A Proposal for Renewal of the Iowa City Central Business District and Adjacent Areas., Iowa City, Iowa." Unpublished PhD. Dissertation, University of Iowa, 1960. E-25 MINUTES PRELIMINARY HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION MAY 8, 2014 EMMA HARVAT HALL MEMBERS PRESENT: Thomas Agran, Esther Baker, Gosia Clore, Kate Corcoran, Frank Durham, Andy Litton, Pam Michaud, Ben Sandell, Ginalie Swaim MEMBERS ABSENT: Kent Ackerson, Frank Wagner STAFF PRESENT: Bob Miklo OTHERS PRESENT: Jeff Schabilion RECOMMENDATIONS TO COUNCIL: (become effective only after separate Council action) None. CALL TO ORDER: Swaim called the meeting to order at 5:30 p.m. PUBLIC DISCUSSION OF ANYTHING NOT ON THE AGENDA: There was none. CERTIFICATES OF APPROPRIATENESS: 431 Rundell Street Miklo explained that this is a contributing property built by Howard Moffat in the Longfellow Historic District. He said there are additions that were constructed before this became a historic district. He showed photographs of several views of the house. He said the proposal is to add a cupola to the area of the house that he indicated in the photographs. He said in staffs opinion these recent additions to the house are in the spirit of Moffat and his use of salvaged material. He said staff feels that additional ornamentation on the roof follows that character, and staff is recommending approval. Michaud said this looks great to her but knows that it isn't architecturally unified. Swaim said it's a delightful and imaginative house. Jeff Schabilion of 431 Rundell Street said when he purchased the house the front and sides were attractive in detail but the back was a blank slate and not in keeping with the front, which was what encouraged him to build the additions to the back before the area was made a historic district. He said he thinks the addition of the smaller cupola will harmonize with the larger one. He said the height of the smaller cupola is about seven feet. MOTION: Corcoran moved to approve a certificate of appropriateness for the project at 431 Rundell Street, as presented in the application. Agran seconded the motion. The HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION May 8, 2014 Page 2 of 7 Michaud said that she had to leave early but she wanted to discuss the Unitarian Church. The Commission agreed to put it on the agenda for its next meeting. 926 Bowery Street Miklo said this one-story early bungalow is in the Summit Street Historic District. He said the proposal is to change some of the basement windows into egress windows. He said the applicant has agreed to use a material in the window wells similar to the foundation, which would be concrete, and then dress the top portion with stone. Miklo said the windows would be wood aluminum clad and would meet the guidelines by having divided lites similar to the main windows on the house and the windows that were removed in the basement. He said staff finds that this meets the guidelines with stipulations as outlined in the staff report. MOTION: Durham moved to approve a certificate of appropriateness for the project at 926 Bowery Street, as presented in the application with revisions as described in the staff report. Corcoran seconded the motion. The motion carried on a vote of 9-0 (Ackerson and Wanner absent). At this point, Michaud left the meeting. 219 N. Gilbert Street Miklo said that this property is a local landmark. He said the proposal is to put a projecting, or flag, sign at the front entrance. He explained how it would be mounted and showed where it would be located. He said there is a decorative panel on the entry, and staff recommends that the mounting bracket be designed so it doesn't obscure that panel. He said the applicant has agreed to that, and staff recommends approval of the sign. MOTION: Durham moved to approve a certificate of appropriateness for a front entrance sign at 219 N. Gilbert Street, as presented in the application with minor revision of upper attachment plate dimensions per staff comments. Litton seconded the motion. The motion carried on a vote of 8-0 (Ackerson. Michaud and Wanner absent). 518 Bowery Street Miklo said this property was recently added as a local landmark as well as a National Register property given its unique storefront design. He said the proposal is to put a sign on the front of the property. He said the sign would be of modern material but would look like painted wood. He said staff recommends approval. MOTION: Baker moved to approve a certificate of appropriateness for the project at 518 Bowery Street, as presented in the application. Agran seconded the motion. The motion carried on a vote of 8-0 ( Ackerson. Michaud and Wanner absent). 1111 E. Burlington Street Miklo said the property is in the College Hill Conservation District, was originally 1-1/2 stories and was added onto at least twice. He said the proposal is to replace the front door with a fiberglass, paintable door that meets the historic preservation guidelines. He pointed out a window on the second floor would become egress and where there would be a new window in HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION May 8, 2014 Page 3 of 7 the kitchen. He said staff is recommending approval with stipulations as outlined in the staff report. Swaim asked if the kitchen window will have a frame that will show. Miklo said staff hopes they are able to do that but it's not been determined whether it can have a frame or the applicant will replace it in the existing frame. MOTION: Agran moved to approve a certificate of appropriateness for the project at 1111 E. Burlington Street, as presented in the application with conditions as described in the staff report. Baker seconded the motion. The motion carried on a vote of 8-0( Ackerson. Michaud and Wanner absent). 1116 E. Burlington Street Miklo said the proposal is to rebuild the back porch as a heated room and finish it as a bathroom/laundry room. He pointed out where a window would be added for the kitchen. He said staff is recommending approval with stipulations noted in the staff report. MOTION: Baker moved to approve a certificate of appropriateness for the project at 1116 E. Burlington Street, as presented in the application with conditions as described in the staff report Durham seconded the motion. The motion carried on a vote of 8-0 (Ackerson. Michaud and Wanner absent). Swaim noted that the speed with which the Commission went through six applications is based on the thorough reports that staff and Chary Peterson put together as well as a lot of behind the scenes work with the applicants. REPORT ON CERTIFICATES ISSUED BY CHAIR AND STAFF: Swaim stated that this is available for review in the Commission packet Miklo said the Poor Farm is located on the south side of Melrose Avenue west of Highway 218. He said it's the role of the local Commission to review these when they are nominated and make comment or recommendation to the State Historic Preservation Office on whether or not the Commission deems this eligible for the National Register. Swaim said she thinks this is the only poor farm/asylum in Iowa of this smaller size and is therefore a unique structure. Corcoran said she remembers that there used to be a large, imposing stone building on this property. Miklo said there is also a cemetery with unmarked graves on this property. Durham asked what the implications are of historic status for this property. Miklo said it's honorary and is entered into the National Register and also provides the possibility of federal funding. He said because this is owned by Johnson County, a public entity rather than a private one, there are fewer possibilities for tax incentives. He said the building is HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION May 8, 2014 Page 4 of 7 also protected if there's an undertaking in the area such as a highway or federally funded program, and therefore any harmful effect would have to be mitigated. Agran asked what the future plans are for this property. Miklo said the county has a plan for the bulk of the property to become open public space. He said there was discussion about the possibility of selling the western portion for private development. Sandell asked if because Johnson County has a plan to make this open space, the opportunity for improvements and alterations would be limited. Miklo said it wouldn't be limited unless they are using federal funds, in which case they would have to follow Secretary of Interior Standards. MOTION: Durham moved to approve the designation of this property with the National Historic Register. Baker seconded the motion. The motion carried on a vote of 8-0 (Ackerson. Michaud and Wanner absent). DISCUSS COMPLETION OF FEMA PUBLIC MEETING COMMENT FORM Miklo explained that FEMA is providing some flood recovery to the University of Iowa, and since its federal funding, any harm on a National Register eligible building or site should be considered or mitigated if it can't be avoided. He said the university traded land with some banks for the new school of music, and because the Sabin School will be taken down to accommodate the banks' needs, FEMA is required to somehow mitigate the loss of that building. He said the Commission considered the same proposal a couple years ago and identified three potential projects that could be funded that would mitigate the loss: 1. Construct an elevator for the Horace Mann and/or Longfellow School, which were built in the same year and by the same architect as the Sabin School. He said because the school district is committed to renovating both schools and making them handicapped accessible this is not a likely recommendation. 2. Fund a facility study for Horace Mann and Longfellow focused on maintaining these buildings for long-term continued use. He said this isn't a likely recommendation for the raason indicated in #1. 3. Fund a National Register nomination for the Horace Mann Elementary School. Miklo said another possibility that was considered by the Commission but not forwarded the last time it reviewed this was to salvage some of the decorative stone elements from Sabin School to possibly re -use in a public space. He said it's up to the Commission to make one or more proposals on how to mitigate the loss of the Sabin School. Swaim asked if the work already done for Longfellow School could be used in nominating Horace Mann, as their history relevant to the nomination is similar. Miklo said that Longfellow was nominated as part of a larger district, so there may not be much detail on the building itself. Swaim asked if the property owner's permission is needed. Miklo said to nominate it is not, but to list it the property owner must consent. There was discussion whether materials taken from the Sabin School could be re -used in the renovation of Horace Mann and Longfellow. Miklo said it was unlikely, as most of the work would be done on the interiors of the schools and on additions. He said that Sabin is masonry, and the damage to masonry when you take it down renders it generally unusable. HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION May 8, 2014 Page 5 of 7 Sandell asked about the cost estimate for salvaging the materials. Miklo said it came from an architect retained by FEMA. Swaim said the pieces were less decorative than they were massive. Miklo said the size is what makes them difficult to salvage. There was discussion how to get the most value. Miklo said he thought the National Register nomination would have some benefit by highlighting the importance of Horace Mann to the community and may support the continued use of the building. Swaim said it would also dovetail with the proposed conservation district around Horace Mann. It was suggested that the Commission propose replacing the bricks on Brown Street. Miklo said that would cost more than what FEMA has indicated is available. Corcoran suggested that some of the features of Sabin be salvaged and used somewhere in the city. Swaim said if they were stored at the Salvage Barn, they could be bought privately and there ends the community story of the school. Sandell said Sabin seems to have many re -use materials, but the question is if it's fiscally feasible. He said he was frustrated that they can't find a good use. Durham asked if the cost of preservation was versus the utility or the aesthetic value of having a similar decorative piece made of new materials. Miklo said part of the difficulty is not having an identified use for the materials. Swaim asked if the Commission wanted to make a recommendation along the lines of a reasonable effort to remove and reuse the pieces that are manageable. Corcoran said it would be nice to save something if they could. Sandell asked if cost estimate for salvage prepared by the architect is separate from the demo. He said if it was demo at the same time as salvage, it might come in a lot less than $50,000. Durham said they don't have a cost basis for the salvage costs versus using new materials, although the preference is that it be reused. He said if it proved to be economically feasible and suitable for the reuse, the Commission prefers that it be preserved. Miklo said if you remove the stone from Sabin not knowing where it will be placed, the only thing that will retain its aesthetic quality would be the entrance archways. He said a possible suggestion would be for them to explore reusing the archways. Agran said when the renovations and additions are done to Horace Mann and Longfellow it would be aesthetically pleasing and more durable to have these doorways from Sabin used instead of some lesser modern material. Baker said she would love to save the archway because it's so beautiful, but there's also the logistics of storing and maintaining it to consider. She asked if Friends of Historic Preservation are interested in it. Miklo replied that he thought they were not likely interested in something this monumental, but he could not speak for them. HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION May 8, 2014 Page 6 of 7 Clore said if it went to the Salvage Barn, it would probably benefit only the buyer, but if it was used in the renovation of the schools, it would benefit the larger community. Swaim said another idea would be if there were elementary school units on preservation or an art class that toured historic districts and drew elements of historic houses - something to sow the seeds of seeing and appreciating older houses. Miklo summarized the options put forth in the discussion; 1. To encourage the reuse of at least the archways or one of the archways either in a public setting or making it available to the Salvage Barn 2. To nominate Horace Mann School for the National Register perhaps coupled with some educational programs Miklo said he would be surprised if one person wanted this archway, as it could be reproduced less expensively. He said at one time there was the thought that it could be used in the future park where the waste water treatment plant now stands. MOTION: Agran moved to recommend in order of priority: 1. salvage the three archways for the Henry Sabin School for reuse in a public park; 2. salvage the main archway of the Sabin School for reuse in a public space or school and supplement this with an educational program aimed at teaching school students about historic buildings and neighborhoods; 3. prepare a National Register nomination for Horace Mann School and supplement this with an educational program aimed at teaching school students about historic buildings and neighborhoods. Baker seconded the motion. The motion carried on a vote of 8-0 ( Ackerson, Michaud and Wagner absent). There was discussion regarding the Iowa Memorial Union and possible recommendations for mitigation. MOTION: Baker moved to concur with the proposal from FEMA for educational programs regarding the archeological findings in Hubbard Park near the Iowa Memorial Union. Agran seconded the motion. The motion carried on a vote of 8-0 ( Ackerson, Michaud and Waaner absent). CONSIDERATION OF MINUTES FOR APRIL 10, 2014: MOTION: Durham moved to approve the minutes of the Historic Preservation Commission's April 10, 2014 meeting as written. Corcoran seconded the motion. The motion carried on a vote of 8-0 (Ackerson. Michaud and Wagner absent). ADJOURNMENT: The meeting was adjourned. Minutes submitted by Joy Bayshore HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION May8, 2013 Page 7 of 7 HISTORIC PRESERVATION COMMISSION ATTENDANCE RECORD 2013-2014 NAME TERM EXP. 519 6113 7111 7125 818 9/12 10110 11114 12112 2/13 5:30p 2113 7:00p 3113 4/10 5108 ACKERSON, KENT 3/29/16 X O/E X X x X x O/E X X x X X O/E AGRAN, THOMAS 3/29/17 — — _ X X X x O/E X BAKER, ESTHER 3/29/15 x X X X X X X X x X x X X X BALDRIDGE, THOMAS 3/29/14 X O/E X X X X X x O/E X X x -- X CLORE, GOSIA 3/29/17 -- -- -- --- --- -- - - - O/E X CORCORAN, KATE 3/29/16 X O/E x x O/E X X X x X X X X X DURHAM, FRANK 3/29/16 X X X X O/E X X X x X x X X x LITTON, ANDREW 3/29/17 X X X O/E X X X X O/E X O/E X O/E X McMAHON, DAVID _ 3/29/14 0/E O/E O/E X X O/E O/E O/E O/E O/E O/E X --- --- MICHAUD, PAM 3/29/15 x X x X x O/E O/E x X X X X X x SANDELL, BEN 3129/17 — — — -- X X SWAIM, GINALIE 3/29/15 X X X X O/E O/E X X O/E X X X X X WAGNER, FRANK 3/29/15 O/E X X X O/E X X X O/E X X i O/E X O/E KEY: X = Present 0 = Absent O/E = Absent/Excused •-• = Not a Member