HomeMy WebLinkAbout1977-05-17 Correspondence• • prCril/ED NAY 9 1911
May 5, 1977
City Council
Civic Center
410 E. Washington
Iowa City, IA. 52240
Dear Council Members:
'-Cl
MAY 919 D
77 D
ABBIE STOLFUS
?'dli Y CLEM
I would like to take this opportunity to express rgy opinion concerning
the recent issue of leashing and/or confining cats to their owner's
property. Where do these people get off thinking their cats have the right
to use neighbors' flower beds as litter boxes and our yards as hunting
grounds!
Last year my husband and I were witnesses to a very upsetting scene which
tool: place in our fenced -in backyard. Our next door neighbor had three
cats which she often let out any time of the day or night to roam the
neighborhood. while working out in our yard one afternoon, we heard the
desperate cry of a robin trying to free one of its ,young from the clenches
of a cat. Before we were able to reach the scene, the cat jumped our
fence with the baby robin in its mouth and then jumped into an open
window of our next door neighbor's house. iiy husband went immediately
to inform our neighbor lady of this incident and while giving an account
of what took place, he watched the cat devour the young robin on the
couch in her living room, ileedless to say, we called the Animal Shelter
personnel and they promptly came out and informed this neighbor that she
would have to confine her cats to her own back yard by means of leashing
or caging. This, however, was never carried out. Instead this neighbor
had the audacity to inform us how cruel we were to have reported her to
the Animal Shelter. Since the rgysterious disappearance of one of this
neighbor's cats last fall, she has chosen to keep her cats indoors.
1!e have another family on our street that bragns to everyone how their
cat can survive for days on its own while it is out rnarinn the neinhbnr-
hood. !•!e have chased this cat many titres from our hncl:yard and out of
the neighbors' flower beds. Are we to report th^sp people to the Animal
Shelter or do we take ratters into our own hands?
We find it very frustrating to attempt to attract Lirds to our back vard
only to have them killed by cats. Consequently, rqy husband and I no
longer care whether we remain on good terms or not with thn neighbors
who shoe disres9eet f— niir nronerty by allnrinn thnir not(s) to rnam
the nei ghborhood.
Thnml•, you Fnr pnm-,inn Pr tris oonort:unity to voice (1y opinion concerning
the necessity for a pPt-leash nrdinance an'' of its enforcerr.-nt.
Si ncerely,
110? Essex
Iowa City, IF
cc: city "anagrr's'iffic-
0271
May 24, 1977
Mrs. Rick Funk
1102 Essex
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Dear Firs. Funk:
At its regular meeting of May 17, the City Council received and
placed on file your letter concerning cat control. The City Council
appreciates receiving your comnents on this matter.
If I could be of additional service to you, please do not hesitate
to let me know.
Sincerely yours.
Heal Berlin
City Manager City Clerk/
HB:Jb
104"1 1
May 25, 1977
Mrs. RickfEunk
1102 Essex
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Dear Mrs. Funk:
The City Council received and placed on file a copy of your corres-
pondence concerning cat control at its regular meeting on May 17. The
Council appreciates receiving comments from the public concerning this
controversial matter.
If I can be of any additional assistance. please do not hesitate
to contact mac.
Sincerely yours.
Neal Berlin
City Manager
/cc: City Clerk',
NB: j b
/027
1:..
1371
Johnson
538South oGilbert Ln Aging
Street
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
May 5, 1977
Mr. Neal G. Berlin
City Manager p E3 l31 L S
•410 Past Washington CITY CLEW<
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Dear Mr. Berlin:
In follow up on the conversation with you on Wednesday
regarding S.E.A.T.S„ the Council on Aging is concerned
about services and ia!litz of services rendered to the
elderly in this community.
As indicated in a letter to the Johnson County
Board
dit iaf
Supervisors, upon Council on Aging to support the idea
the desire of the Council on Aging
of expanding S.E.A.T.S. and the CouneSnisoraon gcnntinuing
very strongly about the Board of Sup
as the governing agent.
In order to further promote our stand onthis Eissue, it
is requested t hat the Council on Aging
andhaveICitthisemCplact
ed on he agenda to be brought before
the
your kind assistance in the matter will be appreciated.
Sincerely,
is
l� ` ( ' A
D r E. Bridgeman,
nreeutive Director
phclosure
cc. !,31]iam Hreketre,
w
JDA S
�I
Johnson County Council on Aging
538 South Gilbert Street
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
May 14, 1977
Ms. Lcrada Cilek
Chairperson
Board c." Supervisors
Court .'louse Annex
Iowa City, Iowa 522110
Dear Ms. Cilek,
DLl, I
[A Ay 1 U 1911
,ABBIE S-i'OLFUS
CITY CLERIC
The Jr.hnson County Council on Aging has instructed me
to write a letter to the Board of Supervisors ststing
our position on the governing agent for S.E.A.T.S.
Sery i c o.
It is the desire of the Johnson County Council on Aging
to support the ides of expanding S.F..A.T.S, service and
encourage the Hoard of Supervisors to continue to be the
governing spent.
}„e fcel that service has been handled Nell in past, has
i,,orked well for the oldor citizens who are our primary
concern.
Sincerely,
Doris Aridgeman,
Drecutive Director
DEB/j g
cc. 'William Hoekstra
16zl;
Sol
IOWA PUBLIC
Mary Neuhauser, Mayor
City of Iowa City
410 E. Washington
Iowa City, IA 52240
Dear Mayor Neuhauser:
#ECtiVED F:.,,' i 2 1977
OWA P I R G
INTEREST RESEARCH GROUP
May 11, 1977
Enclosed you will find a recently completed report from the Iowa
public Interest Research Group, entitled "Energy Waste and Energy
Conservation: A Study of Cornmercial Energy Use in Iowa City." The
report summarizes a survey of 29 commercial and public buildings con-
ducted in February to determine what energy costo ationdmeasures
have been adopted in the cam
egree they
have been effective. wha
an earlier report
This survey was inr
which was submitted * that report,
92
Iowa Public Interes' 31% of he
potential energy c, In re the City
of Iowa City. We sures
could be undertal t in savings of
both energy and : anaire, its
As the earil Thus, the
conclusions need sveyed in
Iowa City Civic t
"Project Wastehu.,
work areas,
51; 125 footcandles
at irecoimnended
leve:
2. Heatfty-cnhe1t.
3. The Civic et 50% of the energy
conserving tta.. �d in the survey.
In short, the Civic Centur appearea to be over -heated and over -lighted,
and reasonable efforts seem to have been made to oave energy in the
building's operation. However, t11e energy waste involved in continuing
excesses and inefficiency should concern the City Council: it represents
a squandering of limited national resources, and an unnecesbary cost to
tate City.
In response to the "Energy Use in Local Government,„ the City of
Coralville recently undertook plaunint to imPleme"t f `.eaa a c -
measures. The university of lows has stated its intent to
review the earlier report and consider implementing those measures not
currently implemented.
Iowa PIRG urges the City Council to undortake an agf:ressive rampsign
to cut unnacebsury eneriv wubtt 'r ''' n• uperat innr- k'.• (e,•1 that nex:h
money could lie saved for local tux payers were energy conservation
Office :: 119.i13.704-3 : ; """t'ftCenter :: IM1U : ; Iowa City, lows 12242
J0Z 7
0 •
ENERGY WASTE AND EA?ERGY CONSERVATION:
A STUDY OF COMMERCIAL ENERGY USE IN IOWA CITY
:h Group
supervisor
inator
RETAKE OF PRECEDING DOCUMENT
JORM MICROLAB
TARGET SERIES
lw
N
SO
WCEiVED 1:.,,' 1 en 1977
I O W A P I R G
IOWA PUBLIC INTEREST RESEARCH GROUP
May 11, 1977
Mary Neuhauser, Mayor
City of Iowa City
410 E. Washington
Iowa City, IA 52240
Dear Mayor Neuhauser:
Enclosed you will find a recently completed report from the Iowa
Public Interest Research Group, entitled "Energy Waste and Energy
Conservation: A Study of Commercial Energy Use in Iowa City." The
report summarizes a survey of 29 commercial and public buildings con-
ducted in February to determine what energy conservation measures
have been adopted in the commercial sector, and to what degree they
have been effective.
This survey was intended, in part, to supplement an earlier report
which was submitted to the City Manager in March. In that report,
Iowa Public Interest Research Group indicated that only 31% of 92
potential energy conservation measures had been undertaken by the City
of Iowa City. We also suggested that many additional measures
could be undertaken at little or no cost which would result in savings of
both energy and money in City operations.
As the earlier report was based upon a written questionnaire, its
conclusions needed to be checked by actual measurements. Thus, the
Iowa City Civic Center was included among the buildings surveyed in
"Project Wastehunt." Among our findings:
1. Lighting levels of 48 footcandles in non -work areas,
56 footcandles in work areas, and up to 125 footcandles
at work stations. (Compare these with recommended
levels, Table IV of the report.)
2. Heating levels of 73-74 degrees Fahrenheit.
3. The Civic Center had slightly over 50% of the energy
conserving features considered in the survey.
In Short, the Civic Center appeared to be over -heated and over -lighted,
and reasonable efforts seem to have been made to save energy in the
building's operation. However, the energy waste involved in continuing
excesses and inefficiency should concern the City Council: it represents
a squandering of limited national resources, and an unnecessary cost to
the City.
7n response te, the "EncrEy Use :n LDcal Goverrament," tht City of
Coralville recently undertook planning to implement all feasible con-
servation measures. The University of Iaws has stated its intent to
review the earlier report and consider implementing those measures not
currently implemented.
Iowa PIRG urgot I'lle City t'eunri l to undorl4v on aLerr" ive rmnpait!r
to cut unnecessary energy waste in city operations. We feel that much
money could be saved for local tax payers wore energy consot'vation
Office : • 119- 353-70411 . ' Activities Center :: 1 M U • , Iowa City, Iowa 11141
/029
measures observed more stringently. Our reports indicate many areas
of potential gains in energy efficiency, and can serve as the basis for
action.
Should the Council desire, we are willing to share the specific
results of our survey of the Civic Center. If you have any questions
about this report, or desire further information, please contact us.
ire Bolnick, staff supervisor
Linda Lis kow, coordinator
ENERGY WASTE AND ENERGY CONSERVATION:
A STUDY OF COMMERCIAL ENERGY USE IN IOWA CITY
a report by
the Iowa Public Interest Research Group
--Kristen Aldretti
--Ira Bolnick, staff supervisor
--Brian Clark
--Nary Hoyme
--Linda Liskow, coordinator
--Toni Muselin
Iowa City, Iowa
April, 1977
0
ENERGY WASTE AND ENERGY CONSERVATION:
A Study of Commercial Energy Use in Iowa City
Introduction
"The most immediate way for us to bring energy demand
and energy supply into any sort of balance is through
a strong decisive energy conservation program. Fully
30% of our energy use is pure waste."
John Sawhill, former Administrator
Federal Energy Administration
New York Times, Oct. 7, 1974
There is an energy shortage and, until alternate means of energy production
are developed fully, it is here to stay. Many say the solution to the
energy shortage is to take the controls off energy companies so that more
energy may be produced (thereby using our already scarce natural resources
even faster). But there are many more people who believe the answer is
through conservation of energy and its efficient use. It is a fact that
the cutback in our wasteful use of energy will change our lifestyle
little, if any.
Energy used to produce lighting consumed 5% of the nation's energy in
1972, 20% of all the electricity generated. Commercial, public and indus-
trial buildings account for about 70% of this amount. Lighting conserva-
tion practices could save up to 50% of this energy, or a savings of 2k%
of the nation's total energy production.
Of the energy consumed in the US, 16% is used to heat and cool commercial
and industrial buildings alone. In many cases a drop of 1 degree in the
thermostat setting for the heat or a rise of 1 degree in the cooling set-
ting can result in energy savings of 3%. A change in the percentage of
outside air that is circulated through the building will also make a big
change in the amount of energy used for heating and cooling. These simple
measures could result in substantial fuel savings.
Fur those who don't find energy conservation for Its own sake a big enough
incentive the above figures readily indicate that fuel conservation is also
economically sensible. With the increasing cost of energy, conservation
measures can and so save much money.
This is rbc second part of a three pari report un energy conservction and
usage practices in the Iowa City/Coralville area. Part one reported on
energy use in local government. This second part deals with energy usage
in commercial and public buildings. The third part, now underway, concerns
itself with energy use in the home. The energy audit staff would like to
thank those local officials and merchants who have cooperated in num study.
i"cthodoln.r,y
'1'be 4datac Ih`nt survey was desiLncd to identify Onerp,y use in commercial and public
�uilding:� in the Iowa City-CnralVilie arca. Iowa plltC volunteers conducted the
survey during the last two weeks of February to dctcrmi.ne what energy conscrva-
ti.on moasures have been adopted in the commercial sector and to what degree
Choy have been effective.
A total of 29buildings were selected on t1w basis of their size, age, and
tuneL'on. In order to provide a wide represontat: ion of buildings, four or
five selections were made from each of si:; categories:
1. Shopping Center
2. Downtown Arca
7. Single Building -small area
4. Single Building -large area
5. Schools (pub! -.c primary and secondary)
6. Public Buildings (federal, state, local government)
The survey was divided into two parts, a "walk-through" inspection of the
designated buildings, and a more detailed questionnaire provided to the
building manager or other representative.
During the "walk-through" survey, background information about the building
was obtained. Volunteers recorded t=perature and light levels to see if
they are in compliance with federal standards. A dry bulb thermometer was
used to obtain daytime temperature readings. Temperature standards were
hosed on President Carter's proposed 65 degree during the day and 55 degrees
at ni;;bt, and higher readings were considered to be excessive. Lighting
levels were determined by light meter readings, recorded in footcandles, and
evaluated in terms of Federal Energy Administration recommendations (see
hesults section). Inquiries were made about the use of lighting at night
or other times when the building was not in use.
Additional inspection was made of heating, cooling, and ventilation practices
in the buildings, checking for such features as weather-stripping, thermopane
glass and hot water use.
The second part of the survey sought more details regarding current energy
•,raetices and conservation measures undertaken recently or currently planned.
:t consisted of 14 yes or no questions dealing with heating and cooling
systems, insulation, lighting practices, and actual fuel use figures.
;;us,nesses were also asked if they have recci.ved any information on energy
conservation from the govern.nent.
A two-week time limit was set !or completion and return of the surveys.
,tot all of the yuc:aionnui.res (Purl 2) were nice ivcd from establishments
rurve.yea; and occasi.uully i.tN:.iS io Pa:� uc conn]oced.
Survey results have been tabulated accordingly. Of the 29 public and
coav,.crcial buildings visited, eleven are evaluated utiliv.inl; only
part 1 of the survey (the wa'.V-tllrou101 report). Purthormore, only those
quest:uus in the surly aosw,�r F.d pc'�;•:v, i•, or nU!'atiyely hclvc been used
to tabulate the results. Questions notanswerod, considered not appitcaotc,
or unrecorded are .excluded.
Results
With the limitations indicated below, table I shows the per cent of
energy conservation measures, listed in Part I and II of the Waste Hunt
Survey, adopted by the 29 public and commercial buildings visited.
Table I shows that the majority (52%) of the 29 public and commercial
buildings surveyed adopted between 26 and 50% of the potential energy
conservation measures. Forty-one per cent ( 12 out of 29) adopted between
51 and 75% of these measures, while 7% adopted 0 to 25% of the potential
energy savings measures. None of the 29 establishments attained 75 to
100% of the measures.
TABLE I
Energy Conservation Measures Adopted By Surveyed
Public and Commercial Buildings *
*Only those questions answered are included in the table.
Not applicable, unanswered and uncompleted questions were
excluded from the tabulations.
The survey also attempted to assess the awareness of the need for energy
conservation by asking "What conservation measures has the occupants/owner
put into affect within the last 2 years?" of those reapondinf, 72% (13 out
of lb) indicated that they had adoptee one or more measures of the following
% Adopting
% Adopting
% Adopting
% Adopting
0-25% of possible
26-507
51-75% possible
75-100%
measures
possible measures
measures
possible measures
Small
Businesses
N-1
N=8
N=1
N=0
N=10
10
80
10
0
Large
Businesses
N=1
N-4
N=4
N=0
N-9
12
44
44
0
Schools
(Public)
N-0
N-0
N=4
N-0
N-4
0
0
100
0
Public
Buildings
N-0
N-3
N-3
N-0
N=6
0
50
50
0
Total of
buildings
7
52
41
0
surveyed
*Only those questions answered are included in the table.
Not applicable, unanswered and uncompleted questions were
excluded from the tabulations.
The survey also attempted to assess the awareness of the need for energy
conservation by asking "What conservation measures has the occupants/owner
put into affect within the last 2 years?" of those reapondinf, 72% (13 out
of lb) indicated that they had adoptee one or more measures of the following
•
were included by all the responding: lowering thermostat settings,
increasing the use of fluorescent lighting, decreased total lighting,
wpatherstripping of windows or inutallation of storm windows.
The survey also attempted to assess future energy conservation plans
by asking "What, if any, additional conservation measures will you put
into effect within the next six months?" Of the respondents only 28%
(5 out of 18) were planning additional measures such as insulation of
business and storage rooms, additional lowering of lighting levels, and
increased use of flourescent lighting.
Table II shows the type of response to the questions regarding energy
conservation measures that would require no financial expenditure to
implement (eg. turning down thermostats, turning off lights inside and
out when not needed, unblocking air vents and ducts, etc.). Of the total
number of these possible cost-free energy conservation measures, it was
found that the mean percentage of measures adopted was 51%, while 49% were
not employed by the public and commercial establishments.
TABLE II
Buildings Adopting No Cost
Energy Conservation Measures
Question Number Number adopting conserva- Per cent adopting
in Survey tion measures conservation measures
3
N-21
75%
6
N=5
19%
9
N-28
97%
11
N-14
487.
13
N-5
18%
15
N=9
33%
16
N-5
19%
21
N-22
81%
22
N-8
35%
29
N=12
637.
30
N-19
79%
31
N-19
86%
32
N-3
13%
7
N-5
50%
8
N-4
33%
9
N•5
42%
12
N-9
50%
13
N-9
75%
)Sean Percent
517.
Whereas Table II indicates the manner in which energy conservation is achieved
at low or no cost, Graph III reveals the potential resources for such
information and the underutilizution of these resources.
0 0
Graph III indicates the response of those surveyed when asked if they
had received energy conservation information relating to commercial and
public buildings from the federal, state or local government after October,
1973. Of all respondents, 72 to 78% stated they received no information
from any of the three government sources. Of the small per cent indicating
such information was received, only 11% of this information contained spec-
ific energy conservation recommendations applicable to commercial and public
buildings
GRAPH III
Government As A Source of Information For Commercial
Businesses and Public Facilities
1001 -
Percent of
Commercial 6 -
Public
Establishments 50% -
Surveyed -
0%
Federal State Local
No information received
Only general information
Specific information
Table IV shows that of the twenty-nine commercial and public buildings,
% or 10%shad room temperature levels at or below the FEA and President
Carter's recommended standards of 62-65 degrees Fahrenheit for the day time
in work, non -work and specific usage areas and 55 degrees for nightime levels.
Twenty-seven per cent (7 out of 27) of those buildings exceeding these
expcctstions did, however, have room temperature levels below the FEA day-
time temperature level of 68 degrees. The percentage of the excess of room
temperature levels among the buildings surveyed was found to be 10.71 for
non -work areas, 29% for work areas, and 16% for work stations.
Table IV also reveals that illumination levels in the buildings surveyed
exceeded the Federal Energy Administration's recommended maximum levels
by the wean average of 1611 in work arcus, 200% in non -work, and 80% in
work stations. Artifical lighting was uacd in 38% (8 out of 21) of the
builu.ngs during periods when natural bur.i.ght .ould have L,,cn su?fI_cient
for adrquate illuminati.nn, In 171 (5 out. of 29) of the survoyed buildings
supplemnntal lighting such as desk lamps was utilized to reduce unnecessary
overhead lighting.
Conclusion
As a result of our study, it is apparent that the majority of the
buildings surveyed have undertaken some type of energy conservation measures.
llowever, we feel that further measures could be implemented at little
or no cost to the establishment with changes resulting in immediate and
future energy savings. These include such practices as closing windows
and doors while a heating/air conditioning --ystem is in use, turning off
lights when leaving a room, lowering thermostats in non -work areas and
keeping the ventilators free of obstructions.
The largest energy savings in a building can be achieved through day to day
operations. Thirty to fifty percent can be saved in buildings now
standing and fifty to eighty percent can be saved in new buildings
planned for the future. These include the use of efficient furnaces
and air conditioners along with the use of more sophisticatid technologies,
such as solar devices, heat pumps and total energy systems. Presently, all
incentives are geared towards keeping the initial cost down, but employing
those practices with a moderate initial expenditure would lead to a
substantial energy savings in the long run.
In the areas of heating and lighting, our data indicates a blatant
waste of energy. Heating levels exceeded up to 29% in the areas studied,
and the illumination levels exceeded FEA levels by up to 200%, in the areas
studied.
Keeping up with the servicing of heating systems can save up to 10-20 percent
of the fuel needed. As heating equipment is oftem inefficient when run
at less than full capacity it is often desirable to install standby equipment
when the load is less than normal. Insulation standards could save up to
80 percent of the total fuel cost along with redesigning furnaces and all
heating system ducts.
Lighting uses almost one quarter of all electricity sold in the United
States. The current lighting standards according to some studies, as
much as two times higher than required for optimal performanee.2 Lighting
seldom focuses solely on the work area, resulting in the use of unnecessary
energy. Reducing the level in buildings and changing to more efficient
bulbs can reduce the need for heating and cooling systems along with the
initial cost of installation. According to our survey there have been
limited attempts to curb this energy waste. Little use o: supplemental or
natural lighting (ie. sunlight, desk lamps) was found in place of artif ical
or overhead lighting.
The responsibility for energy conservation is often left in the building
owners' hands. It was found in our results that between 72-78 percent
of the commercial businesses received no information on energy saving
from the federal, state or 'Local offices. The managers and other
eulplov,ws are even leis aware of what :s needed in regard to euerry consorvution:
Lite owner has seemingly not passed on the small amount of information he
has received to his workers. In most cases, the building manager did
0 0
In Part II (Questionnaire section) of the survey, several questions
concerning fuel cost and usage were included. Eighty-nine per cent
of the managers or delegated representatives either did not know or did
not have access to these figures. Of the 18 Part II questionnaires
returned, 2 or 11% quoted some cost figures or savings. only one of
the 29 respondents reported a 1-10% cutback in enerby consumption at any
time during the period of January 1976 through January 1977, although the
figures regarding fuel usage to support this were not available.
TABLE IV
I. Illumination
of Illumination in
Non -Work Areas
Work Areas
Work Stations
National Bureau of
5-15 F.C.*
25-35 F.C.
40-60 F.C.
Standards Recommend-
ed Levels
Non -Work Areas
Work Areas
Occasionally Used Areas
National Bureauo
Mean Median
Mean Median
Rican Median
Average Levels of
55 F. Maximum
65 F. Maximum
62 F. Maximum
Illumination in
45 F.C. 48 F.C.
93 F.C. 89 F.C.
102 F.C. 103 F.C,
Buildings surveyed
Percentage of excess
of Illumination in
200% 220%
161% 154%
80% 71%
Buildings surveyed
II. Temperature
Non -Work Areas
Work Areas
Occasionally Used Areas
National Bureauo
of Standard and
55 F. Maximum
65 F. Maximum
62 F. Maximum
President Carter's
current recommend-
ed levels
Average Mean
Tcoiperature with
71-.4.2°F.
72± 4.8°F.
72± 5.6°F.
S.D.
Percentage of
Ex cess of Temp-
29%
10.7%
16%
erature on Build-
ings surveyed
*Footcandles
not give the fuel and electricity figures requested; nor, in some cases,
did s/he have access to those figures. There is definitely a need for
more information and planning if the are to be any major gains in energy
conservation in commercial buildings.
We have begun to control the waste of energy, but if it is to work, we need
a full scale conservation program. At the present time, the United States
uses about one third of all energy on heat, cooling and lighting homes and
commercial buildings. An ASFPAE ()unerican Society of Heating, Refrigeration
and Air/Conditioning Engineers) document, entitled "Energy Conservation
in New Building Design", shows that the implementation of ASIME Standards
could save 9 to 15 percent on energy bills in residential areas and between
30 to 45 percent savings in commercial buildings. The study also gives
standards for construction costs, national energy consumption, building
consumption and all their required structural alterations. It is estimated
that four percent of the nation's annual consumption can be s9ved by 1980
and up to 12 percent by 1990 if these standards are employed.
According to the Waste Hunt survey, there are few plans for any type of energy
conservation programs during the next six months. If the commercial
sector is to save energy, business and government must be made aware of
conservation methods.
Federal, state, and local governments must undertake more anpressive
educational campaigns. City government should assume leadership in
educating all sectors of their communities in energy conservation. The
private sector, too, should disseminate information and sponsor workshops
to inform businesses. Chambers of Commerce would be appropriate sponsors
for community energy conservation campaigns, in cooperation with the US
Department of Commerce, the Iowa Energy Policy Council, local governments,
and exemplary industries or businesses.
The bibliography which follows is intended as a starting point for those
businesses and individuals who wish to undertake energy conservation
programs. Further information and references are available from Iowa
PIkG, Activities Center, Iowa Memorial Union, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.
1
Worldwatch Paper 4, Energy: The Case for Conservation. Denis Hayes.
January 1976, p. 34.
2
Ibid., P. 35.
3
Iowa Energy Bulletin. January/February 1977 Vol. 3, 41.
•
Bibliography
1) Checking Your Utility Bills, US Government Printing Office, Washington,
DC, Understanding Company's Billing Methods, Utility Costs,
available from the superintendant of Documents, Consumer Information
Center; Pueblo, Colorado, 81009.
2) Customer Guide of Safe and Efficient Use of Our Services, Iowa -Illinois
Gas and Electric Company, available from Iowa -Illinois Gas and Electric
in Iowa City.
3) Economic Sense for Retailers, US Department of Commerce, February 1974.
Available from Gary Ellis, Jr., 210 Walnut St., Des Moines, Iowa,
50309.
4) _Energy Conservation Handbook for Licht Industries and Commercial
Buildings, US Department of Commerce, May 1974. Available
from Gary Ellis, Jr., 210 Walnut St., Des Moines, Iowa, 50309.
5) Energy Conservation in Industrial Plants, Donald McKeown, Iowa State
University of Science and Technology.
6) Energy: The Case for Conservation, Worldwatch X14, January 1976, new
approaches to current and emerging problems on energy, available
from Worldwatch Institute, 1776 Massachusetts Ave., NW, Washington,
DC., 20036.
7) Energy: 1976, Second Annual Report of the Iowa Energy Policy Council,
January 1976, available from Iowa Energy Policy Council, 300 Fourth
Street, Des•Moines, Iowa, 50319.
S) Energy Saving Through Automatic Thermostat Controls, US Government
Printing Office, Washington, DC, control devices, types and
installation of thermostats, Available from Superintendant
of Documents; Consumer Information Center, Pueblo, Colorado,
81009.
9) Here's Your Save Energy _Kit for Promoting Energy Conservation, US
Department of Commerce, Office of Energy Programs.
10) industry's Vital Stake to Energy Management, US Department of Commerce,
Available from Superintendant of Documents, Government Printing
Office; Washington, DC., 20402. $25.
11) Iowa Energy Bulletin, Iowa Energy Policy Council, ,unary -February 1977
(vol. 3, :1).
12) Iowa Energy Ba11eLin, Iowa Energy Policy Council, Morch-April 1976
(vol. 1, 08).
13) Iowa Fnergy Policy Council, an Enemy Audit for the Educutional Sector,
ovaiiable from Energy Policy Council, 300 Fourth Street, Des No:ncs,
Iowa, 50319.
14) Lighting and Thermal Operations, energy management action program for
Commercial, Public and Industrial Buildings, Federal Energy
Administration, Office of Conservation and Environment, available
for Superi.ntendant of Documents, US Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC., 20402. $2.30.
15) Thirty-three Money Savin we s L� I --- -- -
US Department of Commerce, October 1975. Available from Gary
Ellis, Jr., 210 Walnut Street, Des Moines, Iowa, 50309.
16) Total Ener Mana ement: A Practical Handbook Conservation and
Management, 1st Edition, US Department of Commerce, Office of
Energy Programs, available from Office of Energy Programs, Department
of Commerce.
17) US Department of Commerce Energv Conservation Programs, April 1975,
US Government Printing.0tt ce, eatelog of programs available
to industry and commerce, available from the Department of Commerce.
May 25, 1777
Mr. Ira Bolnick and Ms. Linda Liskow
Iowa Public Interest Research Group
Activities Center
Iowa idemorial Union
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Dear Ira and Linda:
At its regular meeting on May 11, the City Council received and placed
on file your correspondence and report entitled, "Energy and Energy Conser-
vation: A Study of Commercial Energy Use in Iowa City." The City Council
appreciates Iowa PIRG's interest in energy conservation in Iowa City. This
information has been referred to the REsource Conservation Commission for
review.
Thank you for your continued interest in this area.
Sincerely yours,
Neal Berlin
City 'tanager
cc: City Clerk
NB:jb
loq
• SANICAL 6 ELECTRICAL CONSULTING ENGINEERS.
!% MOORE-GINGHAM &ASSOCIATES
600 First Avenue East Cedar Rapids, Iowa 52402 319.363.2663
April 22, 1977
Mr. Eugene Dietz, P.E.
City Engineer
Iowa City Civic Center
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Subject; Iowa City Civic Center Air Conditioning Study
Project No. 4476
Dear Gene:
Please find attached the report of our study of comparative air
conditioning systems that were considered as solutions to the
currently inadequate HVAC system for the Civic Center. As has been
discussed a number of times we have tried to objectively evaluate
a number of alternatives and consider those things that would
provide the most appropiate solution to the problems at hand.
I realize that there will be a diversity of opinions amongst
not only the City Council but of the local citizenry concerning
how best the problem at hand may be solved. However, our, study
is based upon our experience and the experience of outside con-
sultants which we frequently call upon and exchange technical
information with and our intent is to provide the most credible
information for your use in evaluating the resolution of your
present heating -air conditioning problems.
As is stated in the report the data presented and the comparisons
drawn can at best be considered only that; i.e. comparisons and
the use of the data as absolutes for establishing enact operating
and owning budgets must be tempered with known "real" conditions
that the study (computer analysis) is not sensitive to. We do
feel however that the results that we have presented to you are
fairly realistic and as credible as we could possibly make them.
We have appreciated the opportunity to serve you and apologize
for the delay in getting the information correslated and back to
you which has been due only to the tremendous work load that we
have had over the last two to three months.
Nugurerwl Proluuwna, hlgew"q
Ww, lumw•. Wnconsm Mmn•wI•. M,0voi. MI•wwr. Wumnglon ldarw N•ore•1 ., 6num f3unb /4030
A wO
MOORE•BINGHAM 8 ASSOCIATE* •
Mr. Eugene Dietz, P.E.
April 22, 1977
Page 2
As you, the City Manager and the City Council determine which of the
alternatives you wish to pursue we would appreciate the opportunity
to be considered for assisting you in preparing plans and specifications
for remodel or new systems along with project supervision, etc.
Likewise, if you have questions concerning the report or feel there
are somethings that need additional clarification please feel free
to contact our office concerning such.
very truly yours,
MOORE-BINGHAM & ASSOCIATES
Bruce D. Bingham, P. E.
mea
IOWA CITY CIVIC CENTER AIR CONDITION ING41TUDY
A study has been undertaken to investigate the problems with the
existing heating -ventilating -air conditioning (HVAC) system in the
Iowa City Civic Center. The building has been analyzed to determine
the heat gain and heat loss for the structure and the required
air conditioning to adequately serve the occupied spaces. A number
of problems with the existing system have been identified and were
previously reported in a letter report from Larry R. Moore on
August 16, 1976.
Briefly, the problems which have been identified are the existing
absoption chillers have reached their end -of -life and now are becoming
expensive to operate and maintain, as well as being rather inefficient.
There is an apparent shortage of nominal refrigeration equipment
to adequately air condition the spaces. Furthermore, there are
numerous temperature control zones which have conflicting conditioning
equipment since fin tube radiation is often heating while the
air conditioning system is simultaneously cooling the area,
resulting in expensive operation. There are also some zones that
are not adequately heated or cooled at various times of the year.
The system temperature controls are misapplied because of problems
inherent in the basic system design.
The results of the study are briefly summarized as follows. There
indeed must be something done to correct the existing system as it
now exists. The least cost approach to resolving the problem will
be to make some extensive changes to the existing system to hopefully
alleviate some of the functional problems and correspondingly provide
fairly decent comfort conditions in the building. It is estimated
that this effort would cost upwards to some $60,000.00. Of the four
systems studied it appeared that the replacement of the existing
system with a constant volume roof top single zone system would be
the least first cost system, costing approximately $65,000.00. The
system having the apparently lowest operating cost is system type
A4, variable air volume roof top system, when the operating costs
are evaluated through a 15 year period. The best investment system
when considering initial cost, operating costs, and return on
investment is system 04 when only these criteria are considered.
The least energy consuming system is system $3, water to air heat
pump with solar assist heating, followed by system #1, same as 03
with no solar assistance. When the more subjective and technical -
non economical criteria are considered, system 81 appears to be the
best all around system for the Civic Center. It is therefore the
resultant recommendation that the best corrective effort for the
appropriate heating and air conditioning of the Civic Center would
be a water to air heat pump system. Solar assist heating can be added
at a later date when equipment costs are less if such is desired.
(1)
0 0
There are a few items which must be kept in mind as the aforementioned
conclusions are considered by the building owner and a final decision
is made pertaining to which of the systems studied should'be designed
and prepared for installation in the building. These items include
the requirement for an increased electrical service to be provided
for the building no matter which system is installed, the existing
system is extremely uneconomical to operate and provides unsatisfactory
L - condition and will continue to be an increasing problem in the building
operation, and a variety of special interest influences will undoubtedly
be submitted to those reviewing the report and there will be others who
may submit their own new conclusions.
The aforementioned symptons relate to a number of problems, none
of which -are clearly separable -and solvable without affecting..the
overall HVAC system. It has been determined through our investi-
gation that the existing variable air volume (VAV) boxes are
bypass type wherein air is bypassed into the ceiling space whenever
the room thermostat is not calling for cooling. Since the ceiling
space is a return plenum with return grilles opening directly thereto
the bypassed air can, without resistance, fall through return grilles
into another space which may not be calling for cooling at a specific
time.
A second problem is that even though the automatic temperature controls
on the main air handling systems are intended to provide 100% outside
air ventilation capabilities whenever the outside air temperature
is low enough to justify such, the outside air louver is grossly
undersized (approximately 90% undersized) and will not permit adequate
amounts of outside air to be drawn in to the system whenever there
is a call for any quantity greater than minimum outside air. Correspond-
ingly, there is no provision in the HVAC system for the ventilation
air to be relieved, which results in the fans possibly operating
unstably due to the increased positive pressure being developed in
the building.
A third and obvious problem is that the existing absorption chillers
are now in a failing condition and the economics of maintaining
them do not exist. Operating economies likewise do not exist at
this time. Furthermore, the reliability of the absorption chillers
has apparently become rather questionable.
The study was extended to investigate solutions to the aforementioned
problems, including the investigation of alternative tNAC systems
which would address the problem of providing appropriate environ-
mental control in the building, in addition to economies in operation
and maintemanoe.. 7. ocnnputez progreT. we.' vc+eZ to investigate the
comparative economics and energy consumptions of four candidate
(2)
0 0
systems for the building. In addition the present system
operating costs and comparable economies of retaining the existing
system was likewise investigated and compared with the four systems
analyzed in the computer study. It should be pointed out that the
results of the study are based upon analytical models utilizing the
best current technology and information that could be gathered
together and may not exactly duplicate real operating conditions
but do provide very credible results for comparative purposes.
The systems which were studied are as follows:
#1. Ceiling and console type water to air heat pump units using
natural gas fired boilers to provide makeup heat energy.
#2 A single zone constant volume roof top system using natural
gas for heat and electric air conditioning for cooling.
#3 The same system as that listed in item #1 with the addition
of supplemental solar heat to provide makeup heat energy.
#4 A roof top variable air volume system using natural gas
fired boilers for heat energy and an electrically driven
air cooled water chiller to provide cooling.
#5 The existing system, which is a problematic VAV system with
natural gas fired boilers providing supplemental heat and
natural gas absorption air conditioning and some additional
electric air conditioning systems providing cooling.
In addition to the economics and energy consumption criteria used in
drawing conclusions in this study a number of more subjective but
technical criteria were incorporated in the considerations of candidate
systems. These items are as follows:
A. The system should provide individualized room or zone temperature
control.
B. It is desirable to have the capability to condition individual
rooms during off -hour cycles without having to operate the entire
system to provide minimal occupation zone comfort.
C. The level of expertise or capability required to maintain and
service this system is desired to be minimal to eliminate the
need for a highly trained technician to be continuously avail-
able to service the system.
D. The system should have the ability to incorporate alternative
energy supply sources to the highest degree posL:.ble.
(3)
ted data
s performed to
eliminatetpersonals
influences 8and preferences eand na
to provide appro-
priate substantiation for any conclusions that might be drawn coning
-
cerning the correction of the The studying heating was completeddiniaccordancenwith
system for the building•
currently accepted procedures for such investigation throuing ghout
engineering profession. Basic load calculations as�lishedypical
environmental conditions for Iowa city based upon publicding occupation
weather
data and accepted information concerning completed. This
of the type experienced in the Civic Center were comp
information was then reviewed and prepared for analysis using the
Singer Engineering Evaluation ("SEE") program available through
Singer Company of Auburn, New York for such studies. As previously
mentioned, there were four systems selected for analysis and
problems
which systems were considered
additioo be nntheates for solving resultant utility information
existing in the building- system was acquired, evaluated and correlated
for the existing building Y
with the resulting data g om buttcontinueter withtudy to the existing system".
results of ' doing nothing
anearesults ttached otabulatedstudy
summary ofpresultsaincl dted ingrinptheereport.
The following utility rates, interest rates, inflation iando�calation
ion
rates were used in the companydy handta is based data suggested for use by the
received from the utilityty
Internal Revenue Service and Department of Labors
Electricity unit rate is 3.5C per XWH
Natural gas rate is $ .25 per therm
erest rate which may be
Financing eflectedtin municipal bondserest rate (that , lending institutions
applicable, etc.) is 7e
Energy escalation rate - energy rate shall double in years
one through five and increase at 5• per year thereafter.
Labor escalation rate - 41 per year
The study was extended over a 15 year period which period exceeds
the equipment replacement period for typical roof known"eplaceaf
equipment and is to
lees than thesystem
es currently
The study
time period for water to air heat pump Y stem modification or
assumes that the funding for comBy completing any
through capital expenditure
installation would be Public funds acquiredrated the assumption
widget or municipal bonds. The study also incorpo
16)
0 0
that there would be some insurance coverage provided for the system.
As a point of reference the "rates" information used in this study
agrees rather favorably with other studies completed by the author
for the Corps of Engineers U. S. Air Force medical facilities, publicly
owned medical facilities, and numerous similar building types
investigated by both Trane Company through their TRACE program and
the SEE program as completed by Mr. William S. Flemming who provides
the computer analysis service for Singer Company.
There is a list of definitions and nomenclature included which delineates
the terminology that is incorporated in the tabulated summary of
results of the study. The reader is referred to that listing of
nomenclature to assist in reviewing the tabulated data.
The results of the study provide rather intersting result as can be
seen on the summary sheet. The least energy consuming system is system
#3 @ 643,927 MBH/year, followed by system #1 @ 748,094 MBH/year. The
existing system is the most consuming @ 3,009,573 BMH/ year. The best
first cost system, wherein best is equated to lowest cost, is system
#2 the single zone roof top system the installed cost for which is
estimated to be $65,350.00. It is felt that this system is not a
truly viable candidate since the entire building would have to be
operated as a single temperature zone which would provide no individual
or group room control whatsoever.
The system with the best operating cost per year is the VAV system
which would be a refinement of the existing system. The major draw-
back with the VAV system is that it requires extensive duct work to
be located in the building ceiling spaces. This is similar to the
presently existing system. The existing limited ceiling spaces
definitely influence the adequacy of air distribution throughout
the building. This system, generally speaking, would have to be
operated continuously to allow any individual room to receive comfort
conditioning at any time during the day or night.
The best system in terms of total expenditures, both for first cost,
operating cost, maintenance cost, etc. is likewise system 04, VAV
system. The total expenditure at the ned of the 15 year period for
system #4 is $241,376.00 as noted on the data sheet. However, it is
pointed out that this system does not lend itslef as well to the
adaptation of alternative energy sources for heating purposes as does
system $1. The system shall also be equipped with "economizer" cycles
to provide the economics stated in the comparative data. The inclusion
of such will require some building modifications.
The present worth comparisons incorporate system #1, the water to air
heat puiW ryrf n, as the basic for corTarison. F.11 numbers in that
portion of the data sheet are referenced to system 01. It is pointed
out that in the comparative present worth data a negative number indicates
(5)
0 0
that the base system; i.e. the water to air heat pump system is the
better system. A positive number suggests that the system compared to
the base systems i. e. systems #2, #3, #4 or #5 is the better system.
system #5 or leaving the existing system as is with no modification at
all provides the greatest amount of money saved over system #1 in
first year costs at an estimated amount of $73,816.00. As has been
previously stated this is not an acceptable solution and correspondingly
even though system #2 provides a $15,999.00 advantage over system
#1 the lack of room temperature control negates its attractiveness.
The system at the end of a 15 year period which provides the greatest
dollar saved compared to system #1 is likewise the existing system
which assumes that that system must continue to operate at present
.,economies".
The system which provides the best minimum return on investment as
compared to system #1 is system #4 which provides an approximately
$1,200.00 return in the 12th year after the system is installed.
Year twelve is also the year when major central equipment for this
system may need replacement and as a point of interest system #1
has been a better economic investment up to year 12. System #3
appears to, at some longer period of time (greater than 30 years
for which the data was tabulated) may have a break even point and
return on investment but the time period to reach such as was indicated
is greater than 30 years and correspondingly was not considered viable
at the current utility rates. A change in utility rates and reduced
cost of solar equipment would substantially alter this comparison,
however.
As a result of the economics comparisons and energy consumption data
the leaving of the existing system with no attention at all is the
least first cost alternative. System #4 appears to have the least
operating cost based upon the present and projected utility rates.
The best all around system, based only upon economics, operating
and comparative present worth comparisons is system #4 beyond a 12
year period. System #3 is the least energy consuming of those studies.
The best system when initial cost, operating costs, maintenance costs,
return on investments and flexibility of system operation plus adaptation
of alternative energy sources for heating, whether immediately or
at some future date, system #1 is the best solution.
It is our recommendation that the owner strongly consider the installa-
tion of a water to air heat pump system in the Civic Center. It
should be pointed out that this same system can be rather easily
extended to other areas of the total Civic Center, including the
Police Station and Fire Station, while providing the same economics
of operation and maintenance. Likewise, this system can very easily
have added to it a water storage basin and solar collecter panels
which would provide makeup heat energy in lieu of the gas fired boilers
which would initially be incorporated in the system. The VAV system
which requires a central air cooled water chiller does not as readily
lend itself to the incorporation of an alternative energy source.
(6)
For your information the water to air heat pump system consists of
unitized fan coil units which are located either as console units
in the occupied space or as horizontal units located in the ceiling
space. All of the units have their own compressors and are interconnected
in a common water loop which loop has water continuously circulating
throug8 it the temperature of which varies anywhere between 600 F
and g0 F. Each unit can operate individually and separately from
the other units and the only central plant components which must
operate continuously are the circulating pumps. In addition to the
individual zone units and the circulating water loop there is a closed
circuit evaporative cooling tower through which excess heat energy
that cannot be used for heating purposes at some other point in the
building by a corresponding heat pump is released from the system.
When all units are providing heating and there is not sufficient
excess heat energy in the closed water loop makeup energy is
provided by some alternative energy source which for the Civic Center
would initially be gas fired boilers which are now existing and in
the future could be warm water heated by solar panels mounted on
the roof of the building. The water as it passes through the closed
loop provides heat energy to individual units providing heating to
a given space or likewise provides a place for excess heat energy
to be dissipated whenever units are providing cooling in an occupied
space. Therefore, energy is transported from one portion of the
building to another for use as required in individual zones. This
operation provides a great deal of diversity in system operation.
The systems have been used extensively in many areas of the United
States and Canada and have proven to be very attractive in operating
economics, as well as attractive in first costs considerations.
The systems also provide a great deal of zone flexibility and are
rather easily maintained. More recent installations of such systems
include the heating -air conditioning system for Plaza Center I
located in Iowa City and Cedar Towers located in Cedar Rapids. There
are numberous such installations in Minneapolis -St. Paul, Minneasota,
Columbus, Ohio, Toronto, Canada. The system used in many of the
buildings at Expo '74 in Montreal. There are a number of such systems
in office buildings, schools and corrective institutions in the inter-
mountain Northwest. (This information is provided not as a sales
gimmick but only reference information for the reader of this report.)
As a result of the comparisons completed with respect to the pre-
viously described criteria the conclusions which have been drawn
are presented for consideration by the reader for use in
selecting alternatives to the existing heating -air conditioning
problems in the Civic Center.
/7)
IOWAgY CIVIC CENTER AIR CONDITION39STUDY
TABULATED UMMARY OF RESULTS OF SYSTEMS CO ARISONS
Summary of Economic Data
Installed Cost $
81,500
System 1
System 2
System 3
System 4
System 5
System Data
65,250
97,100
91,776
<66,600
operating Cost -year 1
8,375.54
Tons Cooling
(1)
32.95
32.95
32.95
27.24
37.0 Tons(5)
24,830.28
21,747.21
46,567.92
Maint. Cost -year 1
1,400.00
2,000.00
Inst *) Req' d
MBH Heating
(1)
368.077
368.077
368.077
368.077
931.7/619.7(5)
CFM
(1)
15,792
12,000
15,792
12,024
19,350(6)
CFM O. Air
(1)
1,478
1,478
1,478
1,478
.1,800
T. Stat. Occupied
740F
740 F
740 F
740 F
-
T. Stat Unoccupied
600 F
600 F
600 F
600 F
-
Air Handling Equip.
Fan Coil
CAV
Fan Coil
VAV
VAV
Cooling Equip.
Heat Pump
RT - DX
-Heat Pump
RT - DX
RT-DX-G.A.
Gas
Gas Boilers
Gas
G. Fur. S
Heating Equip.
Boilers
Gas R.T.
with Solar
Boilers
Boilers
Installed Cost / Ton
(1)
2,473.44
1980.27
2,946.89
3,369.16
..1800
Maint. Cost / Ton
(1)
42.49
60.70
51.59
42.49
69.73 (3)
Utility Comsumption
Total Energy Cons.
(MBH)
748,094.4
1,363,048.3
6431927.2
824,444.5
3,009,573.3
Total E1. Power
(kwh)
183,444
127,761
183,981
138,718
183,306
Annual Elec. Cost
$
6,420.54
4,471.64
6,439.33
4,855.13
5,257.22
Annual Gas Cons. (mill.btu)
122
927
16
351
2,383.4
Annual Gas Cost
$
305.00
2,317.50
40.00
877.50
2,812.46
Water Treat. Cost
$
250.00
0.0
300.00
250.00
•-200
Summary of Economic Data
Installed Cost $
81,500
65,250
97,100
91,776
66,600 (7)
Equity Cost $
81,500
65,250
97,100
91,776
<66,600
operating Cost -year 1
8,375.54
8,789.13
6,479.33
7,382.63
15,974.21
operating Cost -year 15
24,990.52
26,136.19
24,830.28
21,747.21
46,567.92
Maint. Cost -year 1
1,400.00
2,000.00
1,700.00
1,400.00
3,600.00
"Net" own. L Op. Cost -yr
1 9,190.50
9,441.63
9,450.31
8,300.38
16,874.21
Tot. Accum. Exp. -15 yrs.
273,376.38
282,284.06
274,623.00
241,376.81
493,781.93
arative "Present Worth" Date
Groes $ out - 1st yr. 90,690.50
74,691.63
106,550.31
100,076.38
16,874.21
•S System First Cost -
-$16,250.00
$15,600
$10,276
-$14,900
•S outflow -year 1 -
15,998.88
-15,859.81
-9,365.88
73,816.29
A$ outflow -year 15 -
-983.17
4.24
3,140.55
21,662.40
Accum. •$ Outflow -15 yrs. -
7,342.23
-16,846.66
21,723.62
-150,967.07
MRI let year -
14,952.22
-14,822.26
-8,771.85
68,987.25
MRI B.E. year -
Incr. Neg.
Deer. Neg.
1,198.37 (4)
Incr. Neg.
MRI Final year -
-356.35
1.54
1,138.29
-7,851.53
Accum. R.I. - 15 years -
10,356.34
-15,536.20
8,080.05
-54,720.52
(1) Data resulting from buildino analysis as developed in "SEE" Program for
analysial does not reflect nominal unit equipment sizes.
(2) Basic system against which others are compared is fan coil water to air
heat pump with gas boilers.
(3) Based on 4 year average.
(4) Occurs in year 12.
A5) breed on non dsverwttted lodo duulybtb by ILIA K,rt-bar.9han a kbsocietes.
(6) Exioting system net heating rapacity when all units or-- working properly.
(7) Estimated replacement coot of existing syotrm if equipment were available.
(b)
AND DEFINITION OF TERMS
One ton of cooling capacity a 12,000 BTUs/hour
MBH = 1,000 BTUB/hour
CFM = cubic feet/minute of air
0. Air - outside air
Tetat-Occupied - thermostat setting when rooms are occupied
Tstat-Unoccupied = thermostat setting when rooms are not occupied
during evening and weekend hours
CAV = constant air volume
VAV = variable air volume
DX = direct expansion refrigeration system
IM • kilowatt hours
Installed cost = estimated cost to complete the installation of
a system at present equipment costs and labor
rates based upon accepted estimating guides
and equipment supplier data
Net cost • those costs excluding initial system installation costs
e$ = net cash outflow of the basic system (system #1) minus the
compared system
Accumulated nS summation of differences in cash outflow of the
compared systems through the 15 year time period
of the study
MAI = minimum return on investment or the net difference in cash
outflow referenced to "present value" of money based on 70
interest rate = (e$) (lti)-n
i . interest rate
n - period or year number
B.E. year • break even year or that year at which time the
accumulated cash flow (running total) equals or
exceeds the difference in installed system first
cost between the basic system and the compared system
Gross $ outflow - system first cost, plus operating cost, plus
insurance
Total Energy Consumption - natural gas = total electricity consumed
or indicated by the utility meters
Total E1. Power - all electricity metered into the building including
lights and office machines
FT - packaged roof top unit
G.A. . gas absorption
G. Pur. — gas furnace
Incr. Neg. - increasing negative; i.e. valve which is negative and
increasing in absolute magnitude
Decr. Neg. • decreasing negative; i.e. valve which is negative and
decreasing in absolute magnitude, will eventually reach
0 and become increasingly positive inactual and
algebraically absolute magnitude thereafter.
. value is lees than the number indicated
—a approximately equal to the number indicated
(9)
May 9, 1977
Mayor Mary Neuhauser
City of Iowa City
Civic Center
Iowa City, IA 52290
RE: Downtown Parking
Dear Mayor Neuhauser:
We of the Iowa City Downtown Association strongly urge the
urban renewal bid proposal to give serious consideration to
the location of parking. The location of a parking ramp will
have a critical effect on both new and existing downtown
business.
The optimal position of a ramp, in our opinion, would be the
north-east area of the super block, bordered by Capitol,
Burlington and Washington Streets. This location would
service new mall businesses as well as existing downtown core
businesses and would enjoy the support of both new and existing
businesses. As an Iowa City Staff report of December 1973
clearly indicates, parking needs to be "conveniently located
approximately 300, to 900' from intended uses". As distance
increases, potential users decrease drastically. This report
states that, "shoppers are not willing to wal k distances
beyond 600, to 8001".
A Donald Zuchelli report of April 8, indicates that we can
anticipate removal of 760 parking spaces from the downtown
core area. A new parking ramp must substitute for these
lost spaces. Considering the intense use of the present
Washington Street lot, it is obvious that parking in this area
is crucial.
Frgarding of flip ramp, it is pssr- sial to
minimize the amount of time from beginning construction to
completion. A ramp similar to the Carver Pavillion can be
assembled quickly and economically.
r1 Y1 1 i5))
AME STOLFUS
CITY CLERK
e
1031
In summary, we are happy to see some results about to take
place in a long and frustrating urban renewal struggle. We
stress the importance of parking location as an integral
part of the overall urban renewal and, in fact, Iowa City
scheme. Let's continue to work together to make Iowa City
an even finer place in which to live and work.
Thank you.
Cordially;
Don Crum
President Downtown Association
DC/mw
cc: Neal Berlin
NOTICE OF PUMIC HEARING
CN ORDRONCES AMENDING
THE ZONING ORDINANCE
Notice is hereby given that a public hearing will be held by the
City Council of Iona City, Iowa, at 7:30 P M. on the 17th day
of May , 19 77, inet>i �u cil Chambers in the C— v c
Center, Iowa City, Iowa. At which hearing the Council will consider
arguments for and against the proposed adoption of amendments to the
Zoning Ordinance by establishing special regulations for non -conforming
lots.
Copies of the proposed Ordinance amerrbientr are on file for public
examination in the Office of the City Clerk, Civic Center, Iowa City,
Iowa. This notice is given pursuant to Section 414 of the Code of Iowa,
1975.
Dated at Iowa City, Iowa, this 26th day of April , 1977 .
Abbie stolfus �-
City Clerk
Pleuse publish 1 time nn AhriJ 26tlu, 1977.
NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING
Notice is hereby given that the City of Iowa City
proposes to vacate all or part of the following
60 -foot wide street right-of-way: the north 25
feet and the south 35 feet of which are located
along a line herein described as follows:
Commencing at the southwest corner of the NE'„
NE),, Section 3, T79N, R6W of the 5th P.M.; thence
S 890 44' 07" E, 403.63 feet to the Point of
Beginning; thence continuing S 890 44' 07" E
to the westerly right-of-way line of Prairie
du Chien Road in Iowa City, Johnson County, Iowa.
The vacating of the right-of-way described above
shall not include the rights-of-way of Oaklawn
Avenue and Buresh Avenue extended northerly nor
the center 10 feet of said right-of-way between
Oaklawn Avenue and Buresh Avenue.
Notice is further given that pursuant to Section
364.12.2a of the Code of Iowa a hearing by the City
Council of Iowa City, IA, on said proposed vacation
of said property will be held in the Council Cham-
bers in the Civic Center of Iowa City, IA, at 7:30
P.M. on the 17th day of May, 1977, and any person
having objections to said proposed action may appear
and file their objections at said hearing.
Dated at Iowa City this 7th day of May, 1977.
5/7/77 ABBIE STOLFUS, CITY CLERK,
io 36