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(Ad -$astern &wa Communtty
�l�lentaQeaptl� Centers
505 E. College
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
31S-3313-7BEI4
December 13, 1982
i
Human Rights Commission
Civic Center
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
i Dear Commission Members;
i
We are writing in support of the proposed revision of the Non -
Discrimination Ordinance to expand protection in the area of
credit to include persons having mental disability. Many people
with this problem are struggling to establish themselves within
the community and to become contributing members. For them, this
revision encourages and supports their efforts.
Thank you.
`i Sincerely,
Verne R. Kelley,.Ph.D., A.C.S.W.
Executive Director
VRK/aej
SERVING CEDAR, IOWA, AND JOHNSON COUNTIES
0111
HUMAN RIGHTS ORDINANCE PROPOSED REVISIONS -A STATEMENT IN SUPPORT
MICHAEL BLAKE
605 E.•BURLINGTON ST #2
IOWA CITY, IOWA 52240
SUBMITTED: DECEMBER 13, 1982
The three major revisions proposed for the Iowa City human rights
ordinance have been long in coming. -Their proposal is owed to Iowa
i City's continueing committment to human rights.- Anyone•who has worked
for any human rights issue realizes what a gradual procedure this sometimes is.
j People within the institutional process need time to become sensitized
to the needs of minority groups within the community. It is now time
to take the next step'in this continueing process.
As my lover works with mentally handicapped teenagers, my sensitivity
to their needs has been increased. The Commission's proposed expansion
of protection for these people will go far in ensuring their inclu-
sion as an active group in the community.
My acquaintance with several people, including my sister, who have ex-
perienced the problem of finding adequate housing because of the fact
u that they are single and a parent causes me to applaud the commissioners'
inclusion of these people as a protected group.
Since I am most directly involved with the third proposed revision, I
will direct the remainder of my comments to that issue with the idea
that much of what I say can and should be applied to the other areas as
well.
It is unclear why housing protection in relation to sexual preference
was not included in the original ordinance along with employment, credit,
and public accomodations. I know that a great deal_of education about
and exposure to gay issues has occurred here in Iowa City since the
ordinance was first passed almost five years ago. This and the fact the
original ordinance as it pertains to -sexual preference has not created
masses of gay men and lesbians "flaunting" their sexuality,,as some feared
would happen, should convince most that this inclusion will be no more
"sensational".
M
C, 1
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But, this should not be taken as an indication that the original ordinance
and this inclusion does not have a great impact on the people's lives
affected by the protections that are afforded in this legislation. A
result of the protection already afforded to gay people uhder the
ordinance has been to free gay men and lesbians of some of the constant
fear that they will be harrassed and abused because of their sexual
preference. We can now be more at ease within ourselves and in our
interactions with the heterosexual
community. In this way we use the �
ordinance every day. The charge made by some that the ordinance is
not being utilized is misplaced. The lack of visible use of the ordi=
nance is directly attributable to the fact that any Person filing a
complaint becomes vulnerable to
Possible discrimination because of �
the exclusion of housing protection. The
Psychological benefits ;
derived cannot be measured by numbers and statistics. It has been
shown in psychological studies that
persons who are not pre -occupied !
i with overridding and energydrainingpersonal struggles are more produc-
tive and efficient contributors to the community. This, i feel, is the
case in this instance. To erase one more obstacle to our personal
well-being can only be beneficial to the health and well-being of the
entire community. Lesbians and gay men have a tremendous
ever to potential
4Y give to the community. However, they can't always contribute
fully and openly because of the obstacles placedupon them by hetero -
sexist attitudes.
If anyone still doubts the prevalent fear by gays about possible retribu-'
tion, I can only say that my personal experience corroborates the exis-
tance of such apprehension. One evidence is the number of personal
inquiries I receive throughout the year for "safe Housing". It is
natural foreo le with similar lifestyles to want to
P P y group themselves
together for a mutual sharing of their interests. But, I submit that
one of the overrideing factors in these particular requests has more to
do with the idea of "saftey in numbers" and is coupled with the strong
desire by most gay people to live in a situation where they can lead
full, honest, and productive lives with all the enjoyment implied
in living in that situation. For example, for me to be able to live
openly with my lover and so, in a sense, share our committment and the
postive energy derived from our love with the rest of the community
can only have postive effects on the people of this city. I think, we
Mm
all can agree that our society could:use some positive energy to address
some of the very basic problems that confront us in today's uncertain
world. I would askihow much of a contribution a heterosexual couple,
could make towards the solution of these problems if they had to constantly
divert their energies.to safeguard their right to have a decent place
to live, let alone a1p ace at all?
I have pointed out some of the intrinsinc benefits to be derived from
adopting these proposed revisions. on a more concrete level, it should
be made clear that as the ordinance stands today no one, gay or straight
is safe from the possibility of being denied housing because of his or her
supposed sexual preference. Any bigoted landlord can presumably use this
loophole as his reason for denying housing to a black person, a Jew, or
any other protected minority.
It should also be pointed out that the proposed revision would further
protect heterosexuals from discrimination on the basis of their sexual
Preference. No gay landlord could deny housing to anyone who presumably
was straight. I would think that the council would adopt the proposal
on these purely logical grounds if not on a philosophical basis.
As an added thought ---Given the existing housing situation in Iowa City,
it is becoming easier every day to be more selective in whom one chooses
as a tenant. Unless protections are enacted soon, the scenario of
minority groups scrambling over each other to the detriment of all except
the landlords comes closer and closer to reality. I want to believe
that the majority of landlords in this community are interested in
proceeding in a manner that will benefit the community as well as them-
selves. Their support of these revisions will go far in ensuring that
their upright and honest reputation as a group is maintained in this city.
In conclusion ---The Iowa City Council needs to adopt these measures for
operational consistency and • to maintain its consistent efforts to
create a positive atmosphere for the citizens of the community it serves
to interact in a healthy and productive way. Iowa City is known through-
out the country for its strong committment to secureing basic human rights
for all of its citizens. Let's hope our leadership can continue to
J direct other communities to similar committment.
. /' iA I (; (, J VV�
I//
UNITARIAN UNIVERSALIST SOCIETY
1319) 337-3443 10 S. Gilbert at Iowa Ave. Iowa City. lows 52240
Human Rights Commission
City of Iowa City
Civic Center
Iowa City, Iowa
December 14, 1982
Dear Commissioners:
As minister of the Unitarian Universalist Society, and as
President of NAACP for this past year, I wish to endorse
the proposed changes in the Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance.
Both our Church and the NAACP have strong and long human
rights traditions and I am sure you can depend on support
from the ranks of our memberships.
Sincerely,
Thomas Mikelson
tjm/sar
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MUM S
JI I! Imrr o INIC_
An Iowa Non-profit Corporation
1020 William St.. Iowa City.IA. 52240 BENNY E. LEONARD executive director 319-338-9212
December 15, 1982
Iowa City Human Rights Commission
John Watson, Chairman
Civic Center
410 East Washington
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Dear Mr. Watson and Members of the Commission:
This letter addresses the feelings of myself and Systems Unlimited
regarding the proposed change in the current ordinance regarding
a mentally disabled person not protected under credit..
We have been providing residential services for mentally disabled
persons for 11 years. To this date we have had none of those
people unable to meet any credit payments.
I urge the ordinance be changed so that the area of credit, pro-
tection be extended to include mental disability.
Sincerely,
Ben . Leonard
Executive Director
BEL; ks
Providing community residential programs and services for developmentally disabled children L adults
John Watson
Executive Director
Gootawill Industries of Soutneast Iowa
1410 First Avenue l P.O. Box 1696 . 1200 16th Avenue S.W.
Iowa City, Iowa 52244 Cedar Rapids, Iowa 52404
Phone (319) 337.4158 Phone (319) 365.0835
I
1
1
December 17, 1982
Iowa City Human Rights Commission j
Civic Center
410 East Washington J
Iowa City, Iowa 51140
Dear Commissioners:
I am writing to support the proposed changes in the Iowa City Human
Rights Ordinance. It is our strong feeling that mental disability should
be a protected class under credit. 'The same criteria to establish credit
should be applied to a person with a mental. disability as to any indiv-
idual. If credit 'is denied to an individual, let it -be for bona fide
reasons -- not simply because the person has a mental disability.
In addition, the opportunity to establish,credit and its resultant
I
responsibilities are an excellent rehabilitation tool. Our goal at
Goodwill is to train handicapped individuals to live independently or at
the highest level of independence possible; if the mentally disabled are
allowed to be discriminated against as a class, the goal of independence
becomes more difficult to attain.
To reiterate, we support the proposed changes which will help ensure
basic rights for all citizens.
Sincerely&
Mike Townsend
Director of Rehabilitation
MT/1 k
r'rvir' has.
ACCREDITED Goodwill Industries o/ Southeast Iowa is an Equal Opportunity Employer J/
9(f
fl�if�V3y1i�IV1�t44 /�1, SNiaYCC��1lCT�y
Emma Goldman Clinic for Women
Women's Health Project: 715 North Dodge, Iowa City, Iowa S2240 /' (3 19) 337.2111
December 15, 1982
Human Rights Commission
Civic Center
Iowa City, IA 52240
Dear Commission,
The Emma Goldman Clinic for Women would like to encourage the
City Council to approve the proposed changes in the Iowa City Human
Rights Ordinance.
The fact that it is in any way controversial suggests that it does
address a very real need and is not merely a perfunctory formality.
We hope that the Council will take this opportunity to fill the gap
that currently exists in this community's protection against dis-
crimination and injustice.
Sincerely,
7lel�
Rebecca Arbogast
Public Relations Coordinator
cc: City Council
1e"lllll
PROTECTION AND AL,-v'OCACY FOR DEVELOPMENT, -.,LY DISABLED PERSONS
a Division of Iona Citil Rights Commissura
Jeanne hurter
Uim'art
Jim Kelly
Cinl RWhu Speda6t it
December 14, 1982
John Watson
Iowa City Human Rights Commission
Civic Center
410 E. Washington Street
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Dear Mr. Watson:
First of all, I would like to state my support for you and other members
of the Iowa City Human Rights Commission for the work that you are undertaking
regarding the securement of legal rights for disabled persons. Specifically,
Protection and Advocacy would support the inclusion of "mental disability"
as a protected class within section 18-34 of your City Code.
My reasons for supporting this amendment are numerous. First of all, let us
examine the definition of disability as defined in your code. The current
definition is as follows:
DISABILITY means the physical or mental condition of a
Person which constitutes a substantial handicap, but is
unrelated to such person's ability to engage in a particular
occupation or transaction.
This definition in itself would eliminate any difficulty in regards to
creditors giving credit to a person who is unable to honor the terms of
that transaction. By definition, if a person's mental disability was such
that they could not qualify for the credit transaction, it would not
constitute discrimination to deny them that transaction.
Now, let us examine the proposed definition of disability. The proposed
definition of disability is as follows:
DISABILITY means the physical or mental condition of a person
which constitutes a substantial handicap. A disabled individual
is any person who (i) has a physical or mental impairment which
substantially limits one or more such person's major life activities,
(ii) has a record of such impairments, or (iii) is regarded as having
such impairment.
This definition does not include a qualifying phrase, but rather defines
disability itself. Therefore, mental disability would, in fact, be covered
by this definition, however, there would be no disqualifying terms provided
here in regards to a credit transaction. However, this would also be true
in regards to a mentally disabled person applying for a job, seeking to
rent an apartment, etc. This should not be seen as any negative statement
toward the adoption of this amendment. Rather, it is stated such for
EIGHTH FLOOR COLONY BUILDING • 507. 10TH STREL•T • DFS MOINES, IO\VA 50319
TELEPHONE NUMBER: 515.281.8085 • 10WATOLLIREENUMBUt:1.800.532.1465
I
John Watson - 2 - December 14, 1982
purposes of clarification. After all, the purpose of this section is not to
define discrimination, but rather to define disability. Therefore, the
absence of a qualifying statement would seem appropriate. The definition
is sound and in compliance with the federal definition of disability.
It should be noted that section 18-34 Credit Transactions; exceptions.
states the conditions that must be met in order that a credit transaction
may be entered into devoid of discrimination. Those sections are as follows:
(a) It shall be unlawful for any creditor to refuse to
enter into any consumer credit transaction or to impose
finance charges or other terms or conditions more
onerous than those regularly extended by that creditor
to consumers of similar economic backgrounds because
of race, color, creed, religion, national origin, age,
sex, marital status, sexual orientation, or physical
disability.
J (b) It shall be unlawful forany person authorized or
licensed to do business in this state pursuant to
Chapter 524, 533, 534. 536, or 536A of the Code of
Iowa to refuse to loan or to extend credit or to
i impose terms or conditions more onerous than those
regularly extended to persons of similar economic
backgrounds because of age, color, creed, national
origin, race, religion, marital status, sexual
orientation, sex or physical disability.
(c) It shall be unlawful for any creditor to refuse to
offer credit life or health and accident insurance
because of color, creed, national origin, race,
religion, marital status, age, physical disability,
sex or sexual orientation. Refusal by a creditor
to offer credit life or health and accident insurance
based upon the age or physical disbility of the
consumer shall not be an unfair or discriminatory
practice if such denial is based solely upon bona
fide underwriting consideration not prohibited by
Title KK.
Paragraph (a) and (b) both state that a creditor may not impose terms or
conditions more onerous than those regularly extended to persons of
similar economic backgrounds. This statement indicates that conditions
and terms,credit related,may be imposed upon individuals without violating
the code. Therefore, the inclusion of mental disabilities as a protected
class under credit would still subject persons having a mental disability to
the same terms applicable to a non -mentally disabled person applying for
credit, such as monetary resources, ability to pay. If the individual
were unable to qualify for the credit transaction because of these terms,
it would appear to be reasonable to deny that individual the credit
transaction. If on the other hand, the applicant is not given the
opportunity to apply and the creditor makes no effort to identify whether
or not the individual possesses these necessary terms and conditions
4V//
John Watson - 3 - December 14, 1982
imposed upon others than the possibility of discrimination is very apparent.
It can be stated that the code does not, either in its current form or in its
proposed amended form, contain the word "qualified" preceding handicapped
or disabled person. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 does
on the other hand, "no otherwise qualified handicapped individual in
the United States ...shall, solely by reason of his handicap be excluded
from the participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to
discrimination under any program or activity receiving federal financial
assistance ...". However, it is also true that the other classes, i.e.
race, sex, marital status, are also absent the term, qualifying, preceding
them. Therefore, is it not true than an individual who does not qualify
for credit but does happen to be a member of another one of the protected
classes would not have a prima facie case in light of the fact they do
not meet other conditions or qualifications regarding the credit transaction?
Therefore, the same qualification would meet persons eligible under the
protected class disability. To anticipate any interpretation other than
this would seem in itself discriminatory.
In response to the memo from Robert Jansen, City Attorney; David Brown,
Assistant City Attorney; Carol Pentuic, City Attorney Intern, I would have
to state that I concur with many of their statements, however, disagree
sharply with their conclusion. In the following paragraphs, I will attempt
to address specifically the statements made by the city attorney in regards
to the inclusion of mental disability as a protected class within section 18-34,
the City Code.
The above-mentioned memo states that the term "mental disability" covers
a variety of disorders. I agree and therefore I cannot accept any "blanket"
rule which denies individuals a right based upon general assumptions of
a population representative of vastly different disorders, abilities,
skills, resources, etc.
The attorney goes on to state that, "retardation, senility, insanity,
and incompetence are all considered mental disabilities. However, bad
judgment, susceptibility, inexperience, eccentricity, or abnormality
will not constitute disabilities .... It is unlikely that a lay person,
in the area of consumer credit, will be able to distinguish an incompetent
from an eccentric." Generally, I would accept this statement distinguishing
disability from non -disabling factors and the statement that it is unlikely
that a lay person could distinguish between the two. However, for this
very reason, I would support the inclusion of mental disability as a
protected class. That is, it would be inconsistent with the goal of section
504 and the philosophy of civil rights itself to promote creditors to
identify irrelevant characteristics of individuals in order to determine
their credit eligibility. This same fear, as expressed in the attorney's
letter, was, of course, a very common fear when section 504 was first passed.
That is that employers, educators, etc. would all have to become doctors,
if you will, in order to comply with 504. Not so, in fact, this type of
attitude is strongly discouraged. The point being that it makes no
difference what the medical diagnosis is or even if a disability, in fact,
does exist, if either of the two pieces of information are irrelevant to
John Watson
- 4 - December 14, 1982
the service or the potential services being provided. For example, if an
individual applies for a job which will require them working at a desk,
answering the telephone, typing a few letters, and that individual uses
a wheelchair, it is not of importance or it should not be of importance
to the employer that the individual is utilizing a wheelchair for mobility,
but rather whether that individual can type, whether they have been trained
in the necessary skills for answering the telephone, etc. Any inquiry by
the employer into the cause of the person's disability or the extent of the
persons' disability, unrelated to the use of the telephone or the typewriter
would be most inappropriate and, in fact, discriminatory. Therefore, when
an individual applies for credit, it should not be even considered by the
creditor that he/she must first establish the intellectual level or the
competency level from a diagnostic viewpoint. This would be as inappropriate
as them conducting a physical examination upon a physically disabled person.
Rather, if the individual is able to satisfy the terms and conditions required
by the creditor then why, except for a discriminatory intent, would the creditor
need to know anything more. I do not personally know of any credit application
which does not require some type of evidence that the individual has "made good"
on a credit transaction previously, or in the case of an individual who does
not have credit history requires a signature of another responsible party.
Therefore, again if a mentally disabled person has been able to honor the
terms of a credit transaction previously, why should they not be given the
� same opportunity at this date, absent sny other factors such as their
financial resources changing. If on the other hand, they do not have
credit history, and the creditor requires the signature of a second
responsible party, then the risk for the creditor in regards to the mentally
disabled person is mute as it would pass to the individual signing the
credit transaction and, again, that individual would be required to possess
the same qualifications required by potential credit applicants.
The attorney's letter goes on to state "a creditor could deny an eccentric
the extension of credit, but he could not deny credit to an incompetent".
I would have to seriously question the validity of this statement. Again,
reflecting back to the pertinent sections in the code, if the person was
not competent in regards to honoring the credit transaction, then again, lie
would not be qualified, and therefore not eligible for credit. The
attorney's letter goes on to state that the possible similarities in
the behavior would make the distinction impossible for the lay person.
Again, I stress the fact that this is not the goal of section 504 or other
anti -discriminatory laws but rather not to give consideration to irrelevant
factors.
The letter from the attorney then states "this problem is compounded since
the courts have decided that a person may be incompetent on some subjects
and quite competent with respect to others". To his statement, I can only
state that I wish, in fact, that was the rule of the courts. Unfortudately,
the opposite is more common. That is, a person is declared incompetent
and that declaration of incompetency 1s carried over into all aspects of
the person's life. For example, a person who has been delcared incompetent
may not vote. Whether incompetency in all cases affects one's ability to
be able to vote is an issue which deserves further study. However, at this
time, a ruling of incompetency does negate that right of the elector.
John Watson - 5 - December 14, 1982
I only wish that the attorney's enlightened attitude toward competency
was shared by all.
The attorney completes this paragraph of the memo again by stating that
he sees no way short of a court termination, for a lay person to know
if the person which whom he is dealing is suffering from a mental disability.
Again, I ask why do you need to know?
In the next paragraph of the attorney's memo, he asks questions regarding
what factors a credit dealer would use to determine whether he was dealing
with a protected class, who would make the final determination of mental
disability, would the complainant have to be officially judged incompetent
in a state proceeding, who would pay for the proceeding, etc. I find these
questions inappropriate. Attention by the credit dealer should be focused
on whether the applicant possesses the required qualifications re:
the terms and conditions of the potential credit transaction. I find the
attorney's questions inappropriate, unnecessary and discriminatory.
Section S of the Attorney's memo discusses mental disability in the capacity
to contact. From a factual viewpoint. I have no disagreement with him.
In fact, I believe that the presence of the contract law provides the necessary
protection to the creditor and credit applicant that the attorney is so
concerned about. This law would further support your proposed amended
code in that if a person were unable to enter a contract, then it would
not be discriminatory for a contractor to deny the credit. If, in fact, i
the credit dealer did not know that they were dealing with a mentally
retarded person and entered into a contract with the individual only
later to find out that a person had been declared incompetent and unable
to enter into a Fontract, the contract would, in fact, be voidable. I see
no problem with this. I see a bigger problem if the code does not include
mental disability. That is, is his statement to be interpreted that currently
credit dealers make the decision themselves, whether the individual is
competent or not; and therefore if they feel the individual is not competent,
does not give them the credit whether or not they have been declared
incompetent? His statement would almost seem to say to me that we have
a group of people out there who do in fact need protection. This group
of people are those people who are competent to enter into a contract
agreement but are currently not being allowed to because it is up to the
credit dealer themselves to decide, and they can use their own assumptions,
stereotypes, etc. to make that decision rather than a court decision.
I have no idea of whether guardians are being discriminated against in the
area of consumer credit or not. And as far as this encouraging
credit transaction with people who are incompetent, again I would
have to ask, is this the goal of any section of your code? That is
to encourage transactions between credit dealers and persons representative
of a protected class who are not qualified to enter that transaction, or
is your goal to encourage and provide the opportunity for persons
representative of a protected class to enter into a credit transaction
when they are in fact qualified. If it is the former, then perhaps
there are bigger problems with the code then the amendment of mental
disabilities to the area of credit. If it be the latter, then again
why would one assume it would be different for this group than for others?
John Watson - 6 - December 14, 1982
The last paragraph in section B of the Attorney's memo states that:
"From a policy standpoint, it is not sound to require the
extension of consumer credit to one who may be unable to
meet the contract terms, and may later void the contract.
This is especially true when such problems can be avoided
when the mentally disabled person acts through a guardian.
Does this reflect your policy? The statement sounds laden with stereo-
types.
I would have to take exception to this statement. of course there are
individuals who would not be able to meet contract terms due to a severe
mental disability. However, as the attorney amply stated in the beginning
of his memo, mental disability covers a wide range of disorders. Many
individuals who have been identified as having a mental disability, usually
for educational purposes, are in fact, able to hold jobs, live independently,
and even meet contract terms. Unfortunately, these people are usually not
given the opportunity for such because of negative stereotypes. A mentally
disabled person gainfully employed, wishing to be independent, still needs
to be able to pay their rent, secure appropriate transportation, pay the
utility companies, and buy miscellaneous household goods as well as personal
belongings. How many of us have made major purchases, i.e. refrigerators,
washers and dryers, cars, without the aid of a loan? Are mentally disabled
persons so different? Are mentally disabled persons always the children
of independently wealthy persons? I think not. Therefore, credit barriers
can present an even bigger problem to mentally disabled persons, mainly
barriers for independent living. This is not to say that some confusion
may arise. Again, reflect back to your first loan. Did you understand
the terms and conditions completely? Many businesses have credit unions
through which their employers can obtain a loan and the payment held from
their paycheck. This type of arrangement could alleviate some of the fear
of credit dealers that the individual would misunderstand or forget to
make the payment. In fact, one may call this a form of reasonable
accommodation. For those individuals who would not be able to meet the
contract terms, again, I stress that the application process used by
credit dealers should identify those individuals as it identifies
non -mentally disabled individuals who are unable to meet contract terms,
thus negating these individuals right to enter into a contract agreement
for a loan. Any credit applications that do not identify these types of
problems appear to me to be the concern of credit dealers rather than the
Civil Rights Commission.
The last sentence in the above-cited attorney's memo disturbs me somewhat.
lie does not want to encourage contracts between credit dealers and individuals
who are either by law or by competency unable to meet contract terms, however,
he does not hesitate to state that these problems can be avoided when a
mentally disabled person acts through a guardian. Is this encouraging
guardianship? Again, I can neither totally support that policy, no do I
think it is appropriate to discuss regarding this matter.
el //
John Watson - 7 - December 14, 1982
To this point, we have been discussing primarily those individuals who do have
a mental disability. Another point which deserves sincere consideration is
those individuals who do not have a mental disability, yet are included in
the proposed definition of mental disability. I am speaking, of course, of
those individuals perceived as having a mental disability or with a record of
such. An individual who has received mental health services in the past
and is no longer receiving or needing such services could be denied credit
because of their history of mental illness and the perception by the credit
dealer that the individual is still, in fact, mentally disabled.
These individuals are not mentally disabled and the fears re: protective
laws relative to the mentally disabled population are not appropriate to
these individuals. However, it would be perfectively legal for a credit
dealer to refuse, at this point, credit to these individuals because
they perceive the individual as still having a mental disability.
Additionally, a goal of modern medicine, if you will, is to encourage
individuals with emotional disabilities to seek assistance and help.
As long as our society allows these people to be branded mentally disabled,
even after their mental disability have been treated, and further condones
discrimination against these individuals, in this case in the form of the
absence of the protected class in law, many individuals will choose not
to seek mental health services to avoid this stigma.
Another group of individuals who would be affected by this amendment are
those individuals who have been misclassified in school as having a mental
disability. Statistics reflect the fact that a higher proportion of
minority youths are classified as mentally disabled than their majority -
race peers. Once this label has been attached to an individual they seem
to have to carry it for life. If the correction is riot made during
school, a clarification as to whether the person is, in fact, mentally
retarded or culturally deprived becomes irrelevant to most of society.
Society readily accepts the label of mental retardation and the individual
faces many barriers in securing their personal rights, amongst these -credit.
The individual may obtain an entry level job only to find out that Ire or
she can't make it because of the stigma of the label and the inability
to obtain credit for needed purchases as discussed earlier in this letter.
Section B of the attorney's letter discusses the Iowa state provision dealing
with unfair credit practices. His analysis bewilders me. If the credit dealer
does not realize the person has a mental disability, as the memo states,
and a credit dealer does extend credit, again apparently the individual
has met terms and conditions of the credit dealer, and the later the court is
made knowledgeable of the transaction and sets aside the agreement as
unconscionable because of the creditors knowledge of mental disability,
as stated in the middle, then that section seems to be in conflict with
the first statement which stated that the credit dealer did not know the
person had a mental disability. Is this to be construed as to say that.
the credit dealer really did know the person had a mental disability and that
is why he or she entered into the agreement? If so, then were they entering
into the agreement in order to take advantage of the individual? I don't
4!//
John Watson - 8 - December 14, 1982
think you can have it both ways. Either the credit dealer doesn't know and
therefore entered into the transaction with good intentions, or the credit
dealer did know and entered into the transaction with bad intentions.
Additionally, of course the credit dealer could have entered into the
agreement with full knowledge of the mental disability but also believing
the individual is able to follow through with the terms and conditions of
the contract, wants to follow through with the same, and, of course, desires
the loan. If this be the case, then what are we debating? Are we saying
that because the person has a mental disability they can't possibly know
what is best for them, so, somehow we should expect our credit dealers
to also be parents to these people and make decisions for them as to what
is appropriate or inappropriate to take a loan out for? Do we expect this
parenting re: other protected classes?
Perhaps there are mentally disabled individuals who are not under a form
of guardianship who should be. However, if this be the case, I can't imagine
credit dealers being the appropriate persons to make this decision. I think
the attorney's memo would support this statement in that he states initially
that credit dealers, generally speaking, do not have a vast knowledge of
mental disabilities.
There are, iu fact, probably credit dealers who seek to take advantage
of mentally disabled persons. For this reason, I would interpret
the state provision dealing with unfair credit practices as supportive
of the proposed amendment, that is to say I do not see this provision
as placing credit dealers in "awkward positions". Rather by making it
illegal for credit dealers to discriminate against mentally disabled
persons, I believe you would in fact, be issuing a policy statement which
says that taking unfair advantage of a person because of a mental disability
would be discriminatory and would also be a violation of the state provision
dealing with unfair credit practices. I believe the two are needed and both
support each other.
In conclusion, I would support the amendment to include mental disability
as a protected basis in the area of credit. I also support the amended
definition of disability. In addition, you may want to address reasonable
accommodation and how it may be applicable to the area of credit for persons
with all types of disabilities.
Sincerely, �.
Jeanne Porter, Director
Protection & Advocacy Division
JP:mec
7 ��
r, r...;,
Iowa Department of Social Services
DIVISION OF COMMUNITY SERVICES
ROBERT D. RAY
GOVERNOR
MICHAEL V. REAGEN
Commissioner
Iowa City City Council
Civic Center
Iowa City, IA 52240
Dear Council Members:
December 10, 1982
Johneorr County ONlee
911 North Governor Street
lows City. [Dove 57240
I'm writing in response to your publication of proposed changes in the
Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance. It has been my experience in
working with mentally retarded individuals that many of them are
capable of handling credit and should not be discriminated against.
As you may be aware, the Johnson County Board of Supervisors and
the Department of Social Services have put considerable time and money
into planning and implementing services to enable mentally disabled ind-
ividuals to live independently in our community. Many other indivi-
duals reside in an apartment setting at Systems Unlimited. Although
they are retarded and may need help in certain areas of their lives,
these people may be entirely capable of handling credit.
I also support the proposed coverage for tenants. We at this office
have been concerned for some time that our clients are seen as undesir-
able merely because their income is from public assistance. In actual
fact, most ADC parents are responsible people who are experiencing a
transitional phase in their lives. Many work while receiving public
assistance. Most have been fully self-supporting in the past and
statistics show they are likely to be self-supporting in the future. It
is unfair to discriminate against them as a group.
I hope you will consider this proposed change favorably.
Sincerely,
Carol Thompson
Director of Social Services
IOWA COUNCIL ON SOCIAL SERVICES
Lois Emanuel Gracle tarsen Dolph Pulliam Femice Robbins Madalene Townsend
(Marlon) (Ames) (Des Molnes) (Waverly) (Davenport)
e111
I
Atd-$69toh 9owa Community
I
AMU (34eaffi Now
505 E. College
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
315-33I
I
December 13, 1982
Human Rights Commission
Civic Center
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Dear Commission Members;
We are writing in support of the proposed revision of the Non -
Discrimination Ordinance to expand protection in the area of
credit to include persons having mental disability. Many people
with this problem are struggling to establish themselves within
the community and to become contributing members. For them, this
revision encourages and suppoits their efforts.
Thank you.
Sincerely,
Verne R. Kelley,.Ph.D., A.C.S.W.
Executive Director
VRK/aej
II
SERVING CEDAR, IOWA, AND JOHNSON COUNTIES
f%/
�+c,,rr,•-7 �noz
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Iowa Department of Social Services
DIVISION OF COMMUNITY SERVICES
ROBERT D. RAY
GOVERNOR
MICHAEL V. REAGEN
Canmiubner
Iowa City City Council
Civic Center
Iowa City, IA 52246
December 10, 1982
Johnson County Oma
911 North Governor Street
Iowa City. lows 67240
Dear Council Members:
I'm writing in response to your publication of proposed changes in the
Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance. It has been my experience in
working with mentally retarded individuals that many of them are
capable of handling credit and should not be discriminated against.
As you may be aware, the Johnson County Board of Supervisors and
L the Department of Social Services have put considerable time and money
into planning and implementing services to enable mentally disabled ind-
ividuals to live independently in our community. Many other indivi-
duals reside in an apartment setting at Systems Unlimited. Although
they are retarded and may need help in certain areas of their lives,
these people may be entirely capable of handling credit.
I also support the proposed coverage for tenants. We at this office
have been concerned for some time that our clients are seen as undesir-
able merely because their income is from public assistance. In actual
fact, most ADC parents are responsible people who are experiencing a
transitional phase in their lives. Many work while receiving public
assistance. Most have been fully self-supporting in the past and
statistics show they are likely to be self-supporting in the future. It
Is unfair to discriminate against them as a group.
I hope you will consider this proposed change favorably.
Sincerely,
(laral` fiho»���.
Carol Thompson
Director of Social Services
IOWA COUNCIL ON SOCIAL SERVICES
Lola Emanuel Gracie Larsen Dolph Pulliam Femice Robbins Madslene Townsend
(Marlon) (Ames) (Des Moines) (Waverly) (Davenport)
�el
)-11anuary 1963
V
Iowa City Hunan Rights Commission
Iowa City Housing Commissio
oma Ciy Council
Dear Friends:
Re: -Proposed changes in
Iowa City Housing Code
We would like to be placed on record as being in strong opposition to the
changes in the Iowa City Housing Code currently being proposed by the Iona City
Human Relations Commission.
Having been tenants in Kansas City, several locations in Iowa City,
including the small apartment building of which we eventually became managers
and finally ovmers, vie have learned from long experience that no amount of
legislation - no matter how well intentioned - can bring about good relations
between tenants and ovmers. Personal interest in providing a home (not just
housing), pride in ovmership and occupancy on the part of owner and tenant,
thoughtfulness of owner for tenant, tenant for Omer and tenant for other
occupants can only be inspired and encouraged.
The number of persons who have benefitted from and found lasting friend-
ships through their happy experiences in housing situations in Iowa City is
legion.
It would seem to us to be an unpardonable sin to cause the kind of ovmer
xho has found special satisfaction in providing comfortable housing for people -
lo these many years - to quit and sell out because he must be encumbered with !
r•.Les and regulations which rob him of his ri=hts.
Time after time when asking prospective tenants to describe the kind of
property in which they wouli like to live — I am told, 'I-- something homey,
not a large building, just a quiet place where I can study, or 1-bere I can rest,
a place where other tenants will be respectful of me and r..,y rights as 1 mish to
Fe respectful of theirs, something clean which v-11 be well maintained".
I
I
Ve appreciate your serious consideration of our reasons for opposition and
trust that you will enter into your deliberations realizing the seriousness of
the decisious you are zbout to make which will affect so many persons and their
future plans for pleasant, comfortable housing in the City of Iowa City.
Respectfully su muted
targ ret MacDon ld ,/
Kenneth MacDonald
R. R. ,y6
Iovia City, Ionia 52240
o 141//
Mise ELIZABETH MI dIOLER
905 HAYWOOD DR.
IOWA CITY, IOWA 52240
March 12, 1984
Iowa City Human Rights Commission
Iowa City, Iowa
Dear Commission Members:
A previous meeting commitment prevents me from attending tonight's
meeting concerning housing policy in Iowa City. My concerns follow -
in this letter!
I agree that people with children have housing needs; so do persons
without children.
My experience with children began with the fact that I am the eldest
of ten children with a span of less than 16 years between me and my
youngest sibling. I am not forgetting that my livelihood for 42
,years, more than a third of a century here in Iowa pity, I owe to
parents and their teen-age children; I was their teacher and counselor.
Much as I love young people, the hope of our future, I am positive
I could not have served in as healthy and productive way all those
years if I had not been regenerated from the demands of my work with
out a quiet haven in adult only, housing. I now have neighbors, re-
tired and ,young persons working in demadding, stressful situations
in hospitals, so]iools, and officos who feel very grateful for their
present living quarters without children.
Please consider carefully any policy that will force oeople to move
from their present residence, even out of the City.
Sincerely,
7 1v1arch 1984 141Q 7 1994
The Hon. bkayor John ;nc0onald
and City of Iowa City Council VARIAN K. rMMR
CITY CLERK (3)
Ide acknowledge and support the concept that everyone, regardless of
his/her way of life, political or religious beliefs, marital status,
color, or financial abilities, deserves safe housing at an affordable
price.
In order to implement this concept, however, we must be in control of
our rental policies. To be forced to rent to anyone who comes along,
with very little right of refusal, would strike a blow at the very free-
doms on which our great nation was founded.
As Government -- local, regional, or national --- usurps the prerog-
atives of a Free Society to "protect the rights" of one pressure group
or another, we are all affected, all too often negatively. Best gov-
erned is least governed.
True, we must have "rules of the road" to implement safety, security
and healthful conditions, but beyond that Government can become an overly
expensive and needless burden on society.
If Government, in the name of "protecting the rights" of various
groups, forces practices contrary to our personal sense of how best to
manage our properties, we are left with 3 choices: 1) put our invest-
ments elsewhere, 2) simply conform to objectionable practices, or 3)
continue in opposition to Government interference. Our present choice
is opposition.
Our rental operation is small, consisting of 10 living units in 4
buildings. Our clientele (foreign graduate students) is classed as
"minority" and refer their friends and ethnic partners to us. They
do the pre -selection, so only by someone misjudgement have we had a
i renter who was incompi,table. As a result; our advertizing costs are
almost non-existent. Only by this method could we continue to serve
the community in the manner we prefer and avoid the problems of noisy
children, or deviates of one sort or another, should by law we not be
able to refuse them otherwise.
In light of the foregoing arguments, we ask your vote to defeat
revisions to the Iowa City code.
Paul A. Johnson
621 S. Johnson
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
337-3716
T /�
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ao aox .ce /0 9 of
IOWA CITY. IOWA 52240
L/-NMyKy6tA 1/- 337-2600
-893
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pop
December 16, 1982
Ivette Rentals Corp.
411 S. summit
Iowa City, IA 52240
Dear Iva:
Per your request I wish to express my feelings as to the proposed
new housing regulations.
Having raised four daughters and now a grandfather of two, I am certainly !
not anti -children. However, I do feel that my wife and I have earned the
privilege to peace and quiet in our home. One of the primary reasons for
making our home at Andover Garden Apartments was due to the fact that children
are not permitted. It would seem that expanding housing rights of those with
children will infringe upon my right to a life-style I have sought and found.
A great many apartment complexes are available to families with children
and are o
complexes that ddesigned.
onot permit children, this bway le tthe whole sochat there be ietythas ta choice.
cer I
Ted N. Kjaer
287 Haywood Drive
Iowa City, IA 52240
T//
Iowa City, Iowa
December 15: 1982
Iowa City Housing Commission
Civic Center
Iowa City, Iowa
It is necessary for me to object to the addition
of more protected classes to the Human Rights ordinance.
I am not aware that there has been demonstrated a need
for the addition of the classes proposed, nor of any others.
The ordinance should not be amended simply because
of the loudest outcry. As a board recommending policyp
it is necessary for you to take into account the various
factors and considerations which will affect all of the
interests involved. If additional protected classes
are included in the ordinance, it should be obvious that
other classes are being discriminated against. When there
are conflicting or competing interests, it is necessary
that a balancing of those interests be made after thoughtful
consideration. Further, where do you stop with the
designation of protected classes? Should not all left.
handed persons, redheads, those without hair (the list
is limited only by one's imagination) also be protected?
There just does not seem to be a need for more
legislation in this area.
DEC 1 G 1n 42 U
APBlr -T--)! 7 U S
Very truly yours,
Robert Osmundson
7 I -larch, 1964 Q
The Honorable Mayor, John McDonald, {� W % 1984
and Iowa City Council Members
MARIAN K. KNRR
CIN CLERK (3)
Please consider personal arrangements, such as ours, when you vote on the
proposed revisions to the rental ordinance.
We have ten rental units which are in older residences that have been converted
to apartments and are -located at 532 S. Van Buren, and 510, 516 and 520 Bowery.
They are furnished and are walking distance to the campus. There is only one
two—bedroom apartment, with the others being one—bedroom and efficiency apartments.
We know from past experience that most of our units are not large enough for
families and that, since these are older buildings, the sounds travel easily
from one area to another. The activities of children are unpredictable and
can be very disruptive to neighbors who are trying to study.
For several years we rented primarily to international students from numerous
countries, which was fine, but when we observed the community feeling and
sharing among students from the same country or background, we gradually
changed to those of East Indian heritage.
Since ours is a small operation, it is more conducive to specialization. The
graduate students who come to the University of Iowa from other countries have
had to pass additional exams in order to be admitted. They are coming from
different school systems, different cultures, different languages and must be
serious about their studies in order to remain in school. Usually the families
of these students are sacrificing from their own means so that their boys --and
a few girls --can have the opportunity to study abroad. When these young people
arrive in Iowa City alone and everything is unfamiliar, it is easier to adjust
when they live near someone from the same country or maybe even the same
hometown. At the present time, the Vice President of the UI India Association
is one of our tenants. As a group, these are exemplary students—many in
science and technology fields—and their work here will be important to the
world of the future.
Thus, the two points that concern me most about the proposed revisions for
the rental ordinance are:
1. Plot being able to select our tenants, particularly from this special
"minority" group.
2. Not being able to provide relatively quiet, as well as comfortable,
living areas for the students, who are our guests.
Thank you for your time and attention.
�r 17ti . 'A X6,'1 a cnv
(Mrs. Paul A.) Roberta B. Johnson
621 S. Johnson
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
.._ .. .r•r.:::.ry i��3
i Ol:o .ity :i:. an F?i�hts tea•: iiousi r..� mica,
ic:.a City City Council
For the record, and to reaffirm our position presented at the recent
:_clic iiearin, we oppose most strenuously the proposals that in function
::ould disenfranchise those of us owning and/or managing rental properties..
:ie ac;:no::l_ed_;e en•1 support the concept that everyone, reEardless of his/her
.:.'y of life, rolitical or religious beliefs, color, or financial abilities,
a.. _:fe housin_ at an afforcable price.
3n or er to = pler.ent Itis concept, ho::ever, ::e must be in control of
Our renal policies. To he forced to rent to anyone :.ho cones slon--,
verp little ri,-,ht of .efusal, ::ould c=__.._ a blot; _t I.._ -,-cry free-
cc•'s on ..:.ich ..ur ..ation ..as fo u.. ie
:.s :ever:.:.eat ---local, re_ional, Or r:_no: 1--- uzurps Ci.e ::-crozatives
of a .ree Society to "protect the ri hts" of o::e :.ressure EroLp or
we .__ all affected, all too of ie❑ re_-atively. 3est 'overned is least ;;ov-
ernr�.
True, we must have "rLlec of t.._ road" to imzlemcnt safety, security
..'.d Balthl ul conditic^s, CUt b_�':nd ,°at Gove.rr'Cent can become an O:'erly
': C• and C.
__ in the name of ". rotecti t.._ ricFts" of various �roLga,
to
.:c are left wit, Z ..._cos. :) _. Oar
... ?) .__ntinue'in Ore::-
_
C _ e ....-' -"ive CS ...:0.^ _.. LO, (Iercrs
._..r.. ;ov•:r:...._..t, all ci:ould fin:: e.ocomocations --c:-e-.-.-here.
Tax 3ase becomes involved, as happy o•.:ners and/or managers tend to main-
tair. and upgrade their pro,�.erties, raising the tax base. Limiting; our
freedom could well result in lettira property deteriorate, resulting in
tax loss to the community.
Let's leave it as it isH
ul A.'.;chn-,on J
■
The University of Iowa'
Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Women's Resource and Action Center
130 N. Madison Street
(319) 353.6265
City Council
City of Iowa City
Dear Council Members:
NIAR 5 M4
CITY CLERK G
�Y 1847
March 2, 1984
On behalf on the Women's Resource and Action Center Staff and Advisory
Board, I strongly urge you to pass the proposed revisions to the Human
Rights Ordinance as recommended by the Iowa City Human Rights Commission.
The passage of these provisions will clearly continue to build a proud
reputation for Iowa City in promoting civil rights for all of its citizens.
The Women's Resource and Action Center is a cultural, social, and educational
center for all women of the Iowa City community. We typically receive thirty calls
per month concerning housing. Often the caller is a woman in transition, who
needs housing. Women in transition include women who are recently divorced
or separated, between jobs, or returning to school. Because these women are
often in a weak economic position, finding adequate housing is difficult. The
fact that these women typically have children and/or are on public assistance
makes their ability to obtain housing almost non-existent.
Furthermore, we have been aware of numerous situations over recent years
where lesbians have been restricted in their choice of housing in Iowa City solely
because of their sexual preference. These restrictions have ranged from fearing
harassment from a potential landperson to literally being evicted from housing
because of lesbianism.
Being essentially a University town, Iowa City has an air of fair play and well
being that is deceptive. As an agency director, I want to state without reser-
vation that there is another side to Iowa City, one where discrimination truly
hurts people's lives, especially the lives of poor women, children, gays, and
lesbians.
Once again, we urge you to pass the proposed revisions to the Human Rights
Ordinance. Thank you for your consideration of this letter.
Sincerely,
5", 6
Sue Buckley
Director
F 0
MAR 2 i984
CITY CLERK
March 1, 1984
Mayor John McDonald
City of Iowa City
Civic Center
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Dear Mayor McDonald and members of the City Council:
The Board of Directors of the Greater Iowa City Area Chamber of
Commerce has discussed the proposed revisions in the Human Rights
Ordinance.
Our investigation of city records indicates the number of com-
plaints has been minimal. Specifically, the total number of
inquires with regard to this area was. 69 since November 1980.
Of these inquires, 20 would have been complaints under the pro-
posed ordinance. If the historical trend holds true, about 10
of these complaints would have shown probable cause.
We are concerned about the careful equalibrium of rights, that
now exists in the present ordinance. The "balancing of rights"
is always a difficult decision and any adjustment in this
balance may impact negatively onanother tenant or landlord.
We are concerned about the rights of all persons involved in
the tenant -landlord or tenant -tenant relationship, the tenants
with children, tenants without children, children (and their
safety) and the landlords.
Therefore, we urge you to further study the local need and the
relationship of all citizens rights before passing the proposed
revisions in the Human Rights Ordinance.
Thank you for giving these concerns your careful consideration.
Sincerely,
i/ii12l.QJ tY17Jv1rs..tn� `.
Ernie Lehman, President
Greater Iowa City Area Chamber of Commerce
EL:jt
Greater Iowa City Area Chamber of Commerce
P.O. Box 2358 Iowa City, Iowa 52244 (319) 337-9637
MMEARDON, SUEPPEL, DOWNER & HAYES
WILLIAM L. MEARDON LAWYERS
WILLIAM F. SUEPPEL
ROBERT N. DOWNER 122 SOUTH LINN STREET TELEPHONE
JAMES P. HAYES IOWA CITY, IOWA 52240 338.9222
JAMES O. MCCARRAGHER AREA CODE 3I9
THOMAS J. CILEK
MARK T. NAMER
THOMAS D. HOBART
MARGARET T. LAINSON December 17, 1982
ANGELA M. RYAN
DOUGLAS D. RUPPERT
Iowa City Human Rights Commission
Civic Center, 410 E. Washington
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
- Dear Chairman and Board Members:
This letter is written to set forth the position of the Greater Iowa City Area
Apartment Association concerning the proposed changes to the Iowa City Human
Rights Ordinance No. 77-2830, as the proposed substantive changes relate to
the area of housing in Iowa City.
I
Section 18 - 32 of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Iowa City provides a
basic framework of protection in the area of housing to several protected
classes, including race, color, creed, religion, national origin, age, sex and
disability. This ordinance has been in effect since 1979. It was adopted
unanimously by the City Council.
Compliance with this ordinance has been good. Phyllis Williams, the Iowa City
Civil Rights Specialist, recently told the members of the Apartment Associa-
tion that few complaints have been filed under the ordinance, and fewer have
resulted in findings of probable cause or court action.
The Apartment Association submits that the major reason for compliance is the
fact that the ordinance is fair and makes sense in the context of housing ili
Iowa City. With the possible exceptions of age, sex and disability, there can
be no rational or legitimate reason for any landlord to discriminate against
the currently protected classes in housing practices. In the case of .age, sex
and disability, there may be legitimate and rational reasons to differentiate
among prospective tenants. Elderly housing, fraternities, sororities, rooming
houses with shared bathrooms on the same floor, and required physicial modifi-
cations to existing units to meet the needs of the physically disabled are all
cases in point. In general, the Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance has provided
reasonable exceptions to deal with these situations. Thus, compliance is good
because the Ordinance makes sense in the context of housing.
The Apartment Association believes the present ordinance which provides
protection to certain classes in the area of housing is workable and reason-
able, but the proposed changes to this ordinance in the area of housing
present significant problems.
December 17, 1982
Page 2
To the extent that the proposed changes provide further regulatory restriction
upon rental property in Iowa City, the real problem of insufficient housing is
further complicated. Speaker after speaker came before your commission at the
hearing on Monday evening telling you that parents with children, low income
tenants and gays were facing a very tight housing market in Iowa City. These
speakers asserted that the problem for them was discrimination by landlords
which was reinforced by a tight housing market. Their emphasis was on the
discrimination aspect. The clear implication was that the problem is purely
political.
The Apartment Association strongly disagrees. The real problem is insuffi-
cient housing to meet tenant needs and provide them with effective choices.
This problem does not exist in the Cedar Rapids market, for instance, because
it has an overabundance of housing relative to the number of available ten-
ants. Landlords in that city welcome any tenant who is able to pay rent, or
appears able to pay rent, which means that there is an adequate stock of
housing for families with children, gays or welfare recipients. It therefore
is the position of the Apartment Association that most of the -housing issues
addressed by the proposed changes in the ordinance can be solved only through
enlarging the local stock of housing. What is needed from the City of Iowa
City is a set of policies and practices that would encourage the addition of
housing units, not deter it.
In the past, landlords have experienced such actions by the city as the
stringent enforcement of a rigorous housing code, changes in density regula-
tions, down zoning, and a construction moratorium. When these are viewed
alone without regard to their overall impact, they may appear appropriate, but
they do inhibit the growth of Iowa City's housing stocks and so could the
additional regulations proposed by your commission. Over -regulation will
drive investors out of our city limits.
It is with this overview in mind that the Apartment Association submits that
the proposed substantive changes to the Human Rights ordinance would be
counterproductive. In addition, in extending protection to the classes of
marital status, sexual orientation and source of income, it is the feeling of
the Apartment Association that the very workable and reasonable ordinance that
we now have will be made unworkable and unreasonable.
The difficulties can be demonstrated with regard to each of the classes
individually. In doing so, the Apartment Association is not suggesting that
members of these classes should be denied the enjoyment of quality housing.
Rather, it is our position that a persuasive case has not been presented to
justify these classes being given priority in a tight market over others and
that these classes should not be given the power to dictate to property owners
and other tenants how certain types of property should be used.
December 17, 1982
Page 3
The Apartment Association's position is most easily demonstrated with regard
to marital status. Marital status under the definition of the term in the
proposed changes includes dependents. Dependents in this definition is simply
another word for children. The proposed changes are designed to protect
families or single parents with children from the "discrimination" of "no
children" rules. The issue is really over children and it should be addressed
directly, not through a confusing euphemism.
The nature of a dwelling project (whether a housing complex or a converted
older home) changes with the presence of children. This is not a point of
dispute but a matter of fact. Noise levels, need for open space, conflicts of
life sytle and other issues all speak to the difference between housing units
with or those without children. Tenants such as senior citizens and career
oriented persons who may wish to select -housing free of the presence of
children are being subordinated to the class of tenants with children. The
rights of families or single parents with children will suddenly, as a matter
of law, supercede any protections which current law or economic forces have
afforded to groups without children. Some people (whether elderly, students,
professionals, singles, etc.) choose not to live with children or near child-
ren, just as some people choose not to live with or near pets.
Additionally, there are legitimate reasons for landlords to choose not to rent
to parents with children. Some units are located near busy streets. Attrac-
tive hazards such as rivers, ponds and pools may be present. Some -units are
constructed in such a manner as to make the presence of children difficult.
Some individuals rent a portion of their home and do not wish to have children
sharing their home. Children are harder on rental units generally, than
adults. Children are noisier than adults (perhaps with the exception of some
young adults), generally. Units with children require, for the most part,
more maintenance to keep them safe from accidents. Balconies on two story
buildings with sliding glass doors certainly afford an enticing and extremely
dangerous condition for young children. Differences in life styles among
tenants can often cause tenant -to -tenant disputes in which a landlord is
called upon to be an arbiter. It is the position of the Apartment Association
that there exist legitimate reasons to exclude parents with children, just as
landlords have legitimate reasons to limit pets, heavy appliances and water-
beds, automobile repairs on their property, the presence of illegal activi-
ties, and tenants who do not pay rent.
To legislate that landlords cannot limit families or parents with children
will, in the opinion of the Apartment Association, create friction among
tenants with competing lifestyles and could create further hardship for those
tenants with children. Landlords will seek to deal with impractical and
uneconomic uses of their property. As in the past, and in general, the means
of dealing with such problems will be in the form of higher rents, or on a
per -person basis. This would not solve the problem. The real problem with
December 17, 1982
Page 4
marital status is not whether landlords refuse to rent to singles, married, or
unmarried couples sharing an apartment. The real problem is children. The
solution is not to force children on landlords who do not want them, but to
create a housing environment in Iowa City that will expand the housing stock,
especially in the area of family housing, which in turn will make parents with
children a more valuable economic force.
The problem with sexual orientation is somewhat different. The Apartment
Association challenges the assertion that discrimination exists against gays
in the rental of housing in Iowa City. The testimony of Iva Hilleman, a
member of this Association and a long time property manager in Iowa City
typifies the opinion of the Apartment Association on this issue. To the best
of the knowledge of the Apartment Association there is no application form in
use in Iowa City that requests a tenant to identify their sexual orientation.
The problems, in the context of housing tend not to come at the outset, but
when a tenant's life style conflicts with that of other tenants. The primary
testimony at your hearing was that members of the gay community "feared" that
their lease would be terminated, or that their lease would not be renewed.
Several speakers testified that they had been evicted "overnight" because they
were gay. The Apartment Association questions these statements. If a tenant
has a written lease, the landlord is equally bound by its terms. Chapter 562
A of the Code of Iowa provides further protection. If there is no written
lease, but the term is greater than 30 days, Chapter 562 A also applies. If
no term exists, the tenancy is at will and the landlord must give the tenant,
gay or straight, 30 days notice. The protections afforded by law as now
written should be sufficient to ally "fears" voiced by gays. If the present
laws are not enough, will further regulation be enough? The real problem, for
gays as well as other tenant groups is the shortage of housing.
The final proposed protected class in housing deals with source of income.
The Apartment Association suggests that two major problems exist in this area.
The first is that the term "source of income" is an undefined term in the
context of the amendments to the ordinance. In testimony before you last
Monday evening, certain sources of income were identified which should not be
protected, including illegal income and foreign support. The Apartment
Association does not believe that it was the intent of your Commission to
suggest that property owners should not discriminate on the basis of illegal
activities, illegal income or unpredictable income. The problem that is being
addressed is welfare recipients and certain other low income groups. If this
is the problem, it should be addressed directly. To do so requires that the
particular types of income which will be protected be identified (or charac-
terized) and a rational basis be determined for protection of these sources of
income.
Until such a delineation of sources of income is made, the Apartment Associa-
tion cannot take a firm stance. In general however, the Apartment Association
suggests that you consider certain issues. Should property owners be com-
4,'-'//
December 17, 1982
Page 5
pelled to rent to otherwise unqualified non-credit worthy or otherwise un-
suitable tenants solely on the basis that the tenant is the recipient of
certain support payments? Shouldn't it be taken into consideration that some
tenants are unacceptable regardless of the source of income? Should landlords
be compelled to .enter into contractual relations for the payment of rentals
when these contractual arrangements lower their rental income, or the desir-
ability of their units? Source of income as a classification must be serious-
ly reconsidered.
In summary, the Greater Iowa City Area Apartment Association submits that the
proposed changes to the Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance should not be adopted.
Consideration should be given to the fact that the ever increasing regulatory
restraints upon the housing industry in Iowa City --an already highly regulated
industry --are a major impediment to increasing the housing stock in Iowa City.
The Apartment Association believes that the major problems confronting tenants
in Iowa City are related directly to the shortage of housing in Iowa City.
Respectfully submitted,
I Oa
Home
` Attorney for the
ii Greater Iowa City Area Apartment Association
icc: Iowa City Housing Commission
7 ��
■
Adds by SUelle" Sne ,
APARTMENT MANAGEMENT SERVICE ;
APARTMENT RENTALS
IVA M. HILLEMAN
TELEPHONE 337.7392 P. O. BOX 576'
IOWA CITY, IOWA 52240
December 17, 1982
Iowa City Human Rights Commission
410 E. Washington
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
To the Chairman; Hoard and Phyllis Williams, Civil Rights
Specialist
I called a number of tenants in units not taking children
that I manage and asked this question:.
How would you feel if I opened this building to families
and single parents with children? "
I posed this question to some of the young professionals, and
to persons over fifty years of age and I got a response
similar to the attached letter from Mr. Kjear. He has given
me permission to share his letter.
I am using this letter to again state my position that to
designate one group of citizens a protected class,.you are
taking away very cherished rights of others.- I have more
letters coming in on this, and some will be writing directly
to you.
I am asking that you listen to the public opinion as you are
making your decisions on the proposed changes in our present
Human Rights Ordinance. It is'a very serious thing to.assign
preferential rights to certain groups of people, and thus take
away rights from another group.
I do not feel that you have established a clear and desperate
need for the actions you are contemplating. I•support the
Human Rights Ordinance as it stands, but do,'not believe any
of the protected classes you are now proposing have shown
the need of the protected classes that we now have in the
field of housing.
Sincerely,
���
Iva Hilleman
cc: Housing Commission
i BERGAN, NAGL & WRYER --'L L E
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
328 SOUTH CLINTON STREET MAR 3 1984
POST OFFICE sox 3013
IOWA CITY, IOWA 52244 :CITY CLERK
MARSHA BERGAN
SUSAN NAGL March 6, 1984
SALLY WEYER
Iowa City Council
Civic Center
410 East Washington Street
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Re: Proposed Revisions in Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance
Dear Members of the Iowa City Council:
We are writing on behalf of ourselves and several of our
Iowa City clients to express support for the passage of
the proposed revisions in the Iowa City Human Rights
Ordinance.
AREA CODE 319
351-5193
The changes in the Ordinance designed to protect citizens
from discrimination based on marital status, sexual orientation,
mental disability, and source of income are overdue.
We also support the Human Relations Commission's proposal
to extend protection from discrimination in housing to
Iowa Citians with dependents. Our support for this change is
based on the belief that our community should not tolerate
an irrebuttable presumption by any Iowa City landlord that
tenants with children are per se troublesome renters. The
Council should encourage the local rental housing market to
accommodate the many families with children in our community.
We urge the Council to take, at least, a first step in this
regard by prohibiting discrimination based on the presence of
dependents in the rental of any single-family dwellings in
Iowa City.
Thank you for your consideration of our position.
Sincerely,
BERGAN, NAGL & WEYER
�a�o�La, �GLGL,�ajc�
Marsha Bergan�
I �
Susan Nagl
Sa� Weyer
7,/
March 12, 1984
The City Council
City of Iowa City
Civic Center
Iowa City, IA 52240
Dear Council Members:
As a former member of the Human Rights Commission and the Committee that
developed the changes before you, I commend you on your decision to
assign a higher priority to the proposed changes and to bring these
issues to another open hearing.
The matters addressed by the proposed changes are not simple issues.
They are complex, and, therefore, misunderstood by many. They also
raise very basic questions about the nature of individual rights in our
American form of democracy.
I would like to start by suggesting three criteria for you to use in
deciding whether to include any additional protected groups in the
current ordinance:
1. Is it an identifiable and definable group of citizens? Can the
protected group be distinguished in some clear and verifiable
way from the rest of the population?
2. Is there now, or has there been historically, an' inherent vul-
nerability for this group? Has there been a pattern of prejudice,
devaluation, discrimination or disadvantage for the group in our
society?
3. Is there evidence of, or opportunity for, discrimination or unfair
treatment today because an individual is a member of the group?
Will protection correct or prevent wrongful or harmful treatment?
I believe that the additional protections proposed by the Commission
meet all these criteria.
During the many months of debate over these proposed amendments, we have
heard very few rational arguments against the inclusion of mental dis-
ability in the area of credit, or the inclusion of marital status and
sexual orientation in housing. Most people perceive the inconsistency
and irrational negative connotations of offering protection to these
groups in three vital areas of life, and then pointedly excluding them
from protection in another.
i
March 12, 1984
By far the greatest opposition has been to the inclusion of dependents
and, to a lesser extent, public assistance source of income. This is not
surprising, but the chief arguments against these additions are not at
all convincing. In summary, the arguments are:
1. More regulation will increase the cost of housing: the changes
to the ordinance, indeed the ordinance itself, create no burden
unless and until there is a violation. No record keeping,
annual reporting or inspections are required. To the contrary,
elimination of arbitrary barriers in the marketplace should have
an overall effect of increasing competition and lowering costs.
2. The changes are a violation of the rights of property owners:
we are not talking about the private rights of a homeowner, but
the rights of a business property owner, who purchases a property
for the purpose of renting it. The property is in the public
marketplace for commercial purposes, and the property should not
be arbitrarily barred to any citizens. The ordinance does not
prevent any property owner from establishing and enforcing fair„
consistent and non-discriminatory policies, rules and conditions.
is
The idea that property owners can rent to anyone they choose
who justas
silly as theits that
tgMC onalds can decide who can and.
w
3. The life style of other tenants will be disturbed: there is no
doubt that civil rights decisions and legislation disrupt life
styles - even cause conflict. There is no doubt that Emancipation,
Brown vs. Board of Education and the major civil rights laws of
the 1960's and 1970's altered the social fabric of our society.
But let's not exaggerate the impact of allowing families with
children equal access to the housing market. Does the incon-
venience of having children as neighbors outweigh the potential
social, psychological and economic hardship and harm of restrict-
ing the opportunities and choices of such families? Surely not.
4. Much housing is unsafe or inappropriate for children: the concern
for safety and appropriateness is important and appreciated. But
who is better equipped to weigh all those factors (cost, safety,
play facilities, schools, neighborhood, etc.) than renters them -
health
of "gttoizi"
lowvincomenaddition
peopleand familiesthave dburdened cour ssociety enoughn9
already.
In summary, I urge you to approve all the recommended changes to the
ordinance.
Sincerely,
John Watson
,W/
The Honorable Mayor John McDonald
Members of the Iowa City, City Council
Ioria City Civic Center
Iowa City, Iowa $2240
Dear Friends:
0 March 1984
Re: -Human Rights Ordinance
19e want to go on record as being in opposition to the proposed changes in the present
City Ordinance on Human Rights.
We have studied the changes as proposed by the Human Rights Commission. We too are
concerned regarding housing problems but we are not in agreement with the members of the
Commission. Our differences stem from the fact that we believe that all kinds of persons
wishing housing should be free to seek the kind of home they desire and that after finding
that home they should be able to live in it in peace and security. It is our conviction
that the proposed changes would make it difficult if not impossible, for many people to
accomplish this goal.
We wish to go on record also as being highly in favor of children. We have been
blessed by our own famiJ.y and are proud grandparents. It is our wish that the children of
Iowa City enjoy our fine schools, churches and opportunities for recreation. We feel
certain that with the vast amount of additional construction, the ever increasing number of
available housing units, as evidenced by our daily papers, there need be no problem in the
procurement of housing. (See Report to the Housing Commission, March 7, 1984 by Mr. Lyle
Seydel, Housing Coordinator for the Iowa City Housing Assistance Program, - accompanied by
his recommendation against the proposed changes.)
It is generally agreed that many of those who are considered elderly wish to live in
housing which is undisturbed by the natural noises and activities of children. I would
submit to you that there are many other persons who also wish a quiet home. There are those
whose children are grown whose endurance permits them to enjoy only an occasional visit from
the grandchildren. There are those couples, both young and old, who have not had children.
There are the employed single persons who must have undisturbed sleep to be alert for their
positions and last - but certainly not least in our city - there are the vast numbers of
students, both undergraduate and graduate who must study at home. Along with these other
afore mentioned groups, these students insist when they come to see a unit, that it be
QUIET. Because of the requests, yes demands of our tenants we have felt it our duty to
provide an atmosphere within our building which would be conducive to study and to sleep -
in so far as it is within our ability to do so. Our tenants depend on us and frequently
remind us that their quiet is as important as their heat.
We have other concerns which we would like to address. It is our considered belief
that the proposed changes would cause the removal from the market of a large number of units
which are the very kind many persons prefer. We believe that this subject has not been
satisfactorily studied by the Human Rights Commission, the Housing Commission or the City
Council. We speak particularly of the vast majority of owners of rental properties in Iowa
City - who are small owners - citizens who have made an investment in a few units, have
used their own labor and savings for their maintenance and taken a measure of personal
satisfaction in providing homes for other citizens. These persons are not absentee land-
lords but are people who see to the upkeep, wait patiently for late rent checks and often
do the cleaning and make the repairs themselves in preparation for new tenants. We implore
.you as our law -makers DO NOT MARE THESE CITIZENS FEEL IT IS NO LONGER WORTH THE EFFORT, for
we know that the residences and small apartment buildings they provide are the very kind so
eagerly sought and enjoyed by many people. We would solicit your encouragement rather than
discouragement so that they will be willing to take the risks, do the work and thereby
continue to provide homes for many of our citizens who cannot or do not wish to maintain
their own homes.
We appreciate your serious consideration of our concerns and beg you to prevent what
may well be THE 0RW3-LIAN NTGHTMARE WHICH THREATENS IOWA CITY.
Respectfully,
R.R. #6, Iowa City, Iowa
MARCH 12,1984
To the members of the Iowa City city council:
I would like to recommend that you adopt all of the proposed amendments
to the Human Rights Ordinance now before you for discussion. I have
lived in Iowa City for.fourteen years and'feel that these changes will
make this city a better place in which to live. I have also rented
apartments,for most of those years so I feel I understand the problems
apartment living can entail.
When the Human Rights Commission held public hearings on this proposal,
one of the key issues that came from those.opposing the revisions was
that children make too much noise and are too destructive thereby,
driving away other potential renters who preferred peace and quiet. If
the council decides to oppose the ordinance on this basis I would like
to point to the already existing situation of noise problems in many
high apartment density areas such as South Johnsbn street which is near
my apartment on Burlington Street. At least children are in bed at
reasonable hours. I have yet to be awakened by children at 2 AM as I
am now on most weekend nightsby large noisy groups who throw empty bottles
crashing into the streets etc. To allow one and not the other is in-
consistent. The inclusion of children in apartment complexes promotes
a diverse neighborhood atmosphere which I view as healthy to everyone.
If there are special living units such as housing for the elderly that
wish to be excluded from the requirements, variances seem to be an
acceptable and established means of doing so.
As a person who has worked for many years for 1&ian and gay rights, I
feel the provisions further protecting these people are long overdue.
To those who would say we do not have a problem in this area because no
formal complaints have been made I would respond that unless the law
is there to already protect an individual he or she is going to be very
hesitant to further threaten his or her situation with a complaint. It is
very difficult to dispel the fearthat homophobia engenders in people. As
someone who has counseled many gays and lesbians, I have seen and felt
this fear time and'time again. As a gay man I have been a victim of this
fear and hatred. This revision will help more than you who do not have
to walk my path can realize.
Thank you for your considertion of these points.
Sincerely,
/V, �e'"od;k
Michael Blake
605 B. Burlington St.
Iowa City, IA
cc:Human Rights Commission
FILED
MAR 12 1984
MARIAN K. KARR
CITY CLERK (1)
//%
L.J. EHRHARDT
JOHN D. GNAGY
J.STEVEN McCORKINDALE
Iowa City — City Council
Civic Center
410 E. Washington
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
City Clerk
Dear City Council:
EHRHARDT & GNAGY
ATTORNEYS AT LAW
CENTRAL STATE DANK BUILDING
ELICADER, IOWA 52040
March 8, 1984
TELEPHONE
(319) ?45-17]]
f14AR 121984
MARIAN K. KARR
CITY CLERK (3)
I am writing in opposition to the proposed changes to the Iowa City Human
Rights Ordinance. As a partner with other investors who own residential
real estate in Iowa City, I am very concerned about the effects of the
proposed changes, especially the issue of children. It seems to me that
such a provision would result in higher rents throughout the city and would
not be in the public interest.
As you probably know, the Iowa Supreme Court has ruled that Landlords are liable
for personal injury or property damage caused or suffered by children who are
Tenants in a building. That rule would require Landlords to ''childproof" every
unit at considerable expense which would be passed on to the Tenants. There
are many units which have open staircases or other potentially dangerous
features which could result in injury to children. In addition, many units are
located on busy streets with no yard and no common areas for the children to play.
It is my understanding that the proponents of this change have not demonstrated
that a problem of any significance exists. !Apparently, there have been very few
complaints regarding discrimination on the basis of children. It seems to me that
a real need must be demonstrated before a change like this is put into effect.
Finally, I think that a change of this type discriminates against those who wish
to live in a building without children. Many elderly persons as well as young
marrieds do not wish to have the noise which children would naturally produce.
Those persons should have a right to live in a building without children. This
change would punish those people in an effort to solve a problem which may not
even exist.
In conclusion, I strongly oppose the proposed changes to the Iiuman Rights
Ordinance and urge the Council not to pass it.
JDG:ek
1.:
i
MAR a 1,994
917 Bowery Street j
my CLERK: Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Q,tcrt�')vtct.��i,I. llu ,dan�z�a�
I have taken great interest in the recent debate over the
proposed revision of the Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance. As a
single parent I believe I have faced discrimination when seeking
appropriate housing for myself and my daughter. My complaint is with
the rental market in Iowa City. Three years ago I had a very
difficult time finding an apartment close to the center of town. A
great number of advertisements prohibited children, so of course I
did not pursue these further. My point is that an already limited
market was limited even more for me by these restrictions.
Single women rearing children already face multiple financial
and social burdens, especially with recent funding changes in human
service programs. Passage of these proposed revisions would do much
to ease the housing problems of many people currently unprotected,
but, perhaps most importantly, this city has the opportunity and
obligation to advocate the human rights of children, who can not do
=_o for themselves.
Sincerely,
Sarah C. Swisher
E. Norman Bailey
919 Talwm Ct.
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
)19W0;9)QX
Human Rights Commission
Civic Center
410 East Washington Street
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Dear Members of the Human Rights Commissions
December 15, 1982
:his letter is in response to your invitation for written comments as
expressed at the meeting December 13. After hearing the commentary
presented at that meeting, I am prompted to make the following points,
1. It would appear that the proposed ordinance which deals with sources
of income'is really directed at preventing discrimination against
individuals receiving rent subsidy payments. If this is indeed the
intent of the nrorosal, I would suggest you identify it as such. By
making the provision so sweeping, it appears likely to protect areas
not intended. For example, sources of rent money that are highly
uncertain or risky mient be a factor that should be considered by
owners in renting the'_r units, The proposed taw does not matte this
distinction.
The second point I would like to make covering sources of income is
that : heard no documentation that those on rent subsidies are, in
I
act, deserving of protection by your ordinance. Before such a pro-
vision is added, it seems to me that a pers:;asive case for its reed
should be presented,
2. The other area I would like to comment on is that of the presence or
absence of children. I believe that this provision should be consid-
ered as its own provision separate from marital status, since children,
Der se, are not necessarily related to the present or past marital
status of their parents. To package it with marital status could lead
one to suspect that it is being wrapped in the virtue of an unrelated
issue to enhance its prospects for passage.
Nnre importantly, I think it needs to be made very clear that while your
proposal to make children a protected class with respect to housing may
benefit those whose, family units include children, it can and, in some
instances, will impose costs upon others, For example, this meanu that
one will not be able, to have adult -only rental projects, something that
has had anneal to amnty-nesters, Furthermore., an an apartment owner
who does rent to families (one, or two pirent) with ('hildren, let me :;ay
that there are conflicts of lifestyle, hetween different nubsets of tenants
Human Rights page 2
and to deny prooerty owners the opportunity to create harmonious living
environment for their tenants by establishing, a no children policy will
create inter -tenant frictions, [ am confident in this bocause, in fact,'
we have experienced complaints and problems because of the conflict in
lifestyles when young, singles are interspersed in housing units with
young, families. It is basically a situation of inharmonious lifestyles
of the tenants which can be avoided if one is permitted to employ a
no -children rule,
I
Sincerely,
E, Norman Bailey
E\B/vam
1_
1
�CYLE 4. AILLER COMPANY, INC.
PHONE (319) 337-5226 • 335 KIRKWOOD AVE.
City Council of Iowa City
Civic Center
410 E. Washington Street
Iowa City, Iowa 52240
Gentlemen:
IOWA CITY. IOWA 52240
March 7, 1984
�uIEM
MAR 7 1984
MARIAN K. KARR
CITY CLERK (3)
This letter is about my concerns pertaining to the pending
ordinance relating to age discrimination for apartment
rentals in Iowa City, As you know, our family owns and
manages Rochester Square Apartments and Cambridge Place
Apartments, both in Iowa City.
If you define the various apartment rental markets, (college
students, retired, professional, young marrieds, family,
singles, etc.), you can identify well over a dozen distinct
group`s seeking rental housing. They all have different
needs and rights; they are distinct markets with specific
requirements for each.
We wish to make the following points:
1. It is not reasonable to throw all these different
users into the same pot. Our tenants, mostly retired, do
not wish to be mixed with all ages. You will increase the
rights of a few at the expense of other rights for many.
2. If there is a sufficient demand from any of these
specific market segments, the market will fill the demand
through normal supply and demand. A free market will tend
to satisfy whatever market segment presents opportunity.
This is happening right now in the student market, indeed,
there is substantial evidence of overbuilding for the
student market developing.
In summary, we think the problems that will develop from
this proposal are much greater than those presently existing,
and we respectfully request that you vote no on this ordinance.
4yS' rely yours,
W. Miller
7
I
�oa�pp
MAR 8 1984
MARIAN K. KARR March 7, 1984
CITY CLERK (3)
To: The Hon. Mayor John McDonald and Members of the
Iowa City Council
In writing to you I represent the opinions of
other tenants who are mature students, most of them far
along in their graduate work and also a group of retired
persons who have retired after many years of dedicated
service. We all need a place to live that contributes
to our well-being and thatpermits us to pursue our
work in satisfactory surroundings.
We are strongly opposed to the proposed ruling
which denies landlords and landladies the right to have
jurisdiction over the rental of rooms and/or apartments.
What about the rights of persons like those I
represent? I myself aM legally blind. All who live in
the apartments around me as my neXhbors are eager to have
their rights preserved. Please, please, don't discriminate
against us!
RAM:emt
Respectfully submitted,
Dr. Ruth A. Maxwell
411
0
�oIEM
MAR 0 1984
MARIAN K. KARR
CITY CLERK (3)
March 7, 1984
To: The Hon. John McDonald and members of the Iowa City Council
I am owner of some apartments in Iowa City.
Over the years, I have had the pleasure of renting to
many very wonderful people. These include:
people of many religious faiths,
people of many nationalities,
people with different kinds of handicaps.
Now, I very much want to be able to place people
in living quarters where they will enjoy living and
working. If I do not have this privilege, then I, and others
like me, are truly discriminated against. Surely, this can't
be right or fair?
OPR:emt
Yours,
Dr. Olive Pearl Ritter
6". OM1/ �� {�'. / - • _ �`.
VAP
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1 i I
'City of Iowa CHI'
= MEMORANDUM
Date: March 8, 1984
To: City Council �/✓�1
From: Phyllis A. Williams, Civil Rights Specialist"
Re: Housing Inquiries
It was during your February 21st informal Council meeting that the numbers
concerning housing inquiries outside our jurisdiction were given. In writing
they are as follows:
Since November 1980 through January 1984, staff for the Human Rights
Commission has received 69 phone calls that were housing related. Of '
those 69 phone calls, 8 had to do with marital status; 7 dependents; 3
sexual orientation; and 2 source of income.
Please advise me of any additional information you would like me to provide.
bj4/3
Date: Decmeber 3, 1982
To: Housing Commission and Phyllis Williams, Civil Rights Specialist
From: Lyle Seydel, Housing Coordinator PjkeQ.
Re: Suggested Changes Made By the Iowa City Human Rights Commission to the
Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance
The following comments are provided to the Housing Commission and to the Civil
Rights Specialist in considering changes being contemplated to the Human Rights
Ordinance of the City. These comments are made by the Housing Coordinator and
do not necessarily reflect the position of the Housing Commission at this time.
Housing Commission members received the first copy of the proposed changes on
Wednesday, December 1 and did not have the opportunity to study or review the
ordinance prior to their meeting held on December 1. Housing Commission members
are reminded that the Civil Rights Commission will be holding a public hearing
on Monday, December 13 at 7:30 PM in the Council Chambers at the Civic Center.
COMMENTS
Article 1. Definitions.
- Why is the definition of age necessary? It appears what you attempting to
do is define adult for the purpose of determining who may file a complaint.
Recommend that age be defined as age means chronological age of any person. Add
y��
,.-Y.._ _......_
--------------
� 2 ^
definition for adult - adult means any person who has reached the age of 18 years
or is considered by law to be an adult.
Add Under Definition of Complainant - Complainant means an adult person who has
filed a report alleging discrimination as provided, etc.
Under Definition of Complaint - means a report alleging discrimination, etc.
Disability - The definition proposed for disability is not really consistent
with the federal definition of disability as it pertains to housing. I will
provide a definition as used in housing on disability. The definition as
utilized in housing for disabled follows:
"Disabled means in,,ability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by
reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment. As
defined under Section 223 of the Social Security Act (one who is unable to
engage in any substantial gainful activity, by reason of any medically
i
determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result
in death or which has lasted, or which can be expected to last for a
continuous period of not less than 12 months) or in Section 102(5) of the
Developmental Disabilities Services and Facilities Construction Amendments
of 1970 (a disability attributable to mental retardation, cerebal palsy,
epilepsy, or another neurological condition of an individual found by the
Secretary (of Health, Education and Welfare), to be closely related to
mental retardation or to require treatment similar to that required for
mentally retarded individuals, which disability originates before such
y//
3 r
individual attains age 18, which is continued or can be expected to
continue indefinitely., and which constitute a substantial handicap to
such individual."
In considering the above definition, perhaps handicapped should also be defined.
That definition follows:
"Handicapped means having a physical or mental impairment which is expected
to be of long -continued and indefinite duration, substantially impedes the
ability to live independently and is of a nature that the ability to live
independently could be improved by more suitable housing conditions."
Definition of Marital Status - Recommend deletion of the last sentence "Also
includes the presence or absence of dependents." The apparent intent of this
phrase appears to be to prohibit the restriction of "no children" in the conduct
of renting dwelling units. There are structures/complexes/projects designed
and built with just that prohibiition in mind. Children can cause more wear and
tear, be troublesome, noisy, destructive, etc. Many persons want to live in an
environment where children are prohibited and that right must also be preserved.
If the phrase is to be retained then it should be modified to say what is
intended. Change the word dependent to children/minor, provide a definition of
dependent because a dependent could be an adult.
Definition of a Person - Recommend that the definition be changed to read means
one or more adult individuals.
yir
Section 18-32 Housing (pages 7-8)
(A)(1) through (4). There are no apparent reasons why marital status, sexual
orientation or source of income should be added to these sections. What is
being attempted is to add to the list of protected classes. There are reasons
why they should not be added such as:
A. There are units built and designed for occupancy by one person, therefore,
any advertisements or tenant selection process should reveal that only
singles will be considered.
B. When definition of marital status includes children, and as indicated above
there are legitimate reasons for excluding children.
C. By including sexual orientation the City ordinance would be encroaching on
the rights of not only owners but other occupants of a building/rental
complex/ 7D exercise their moral/religious belie and practices. In
fact it may not be legally enforcable.
D. Source of income. No serious objection as to inclusion of this item,
however, the intent is not clear. If the intent is to prohobit landlords
from using this as a method of excluding welfare recipients, it is not
necessary. They could be denied occupancy on the basis of inability to pay
or credit ratings.
5
Section 18-32 Paragraph (b)(3)
I Recommend this entire paragraph he deleted as unnecessary. Religious
I
� institutions are covered by paragraph (b)(1). There are many types of non-
profit corporations that deal in housing and should not be excluded, for
example, Ecumenical Housing, Systems Unlimited, Oaknoll, and indeed the City
itself in the capacity of the Iowa City Housing Authority.
Paragraph 18-32(d) - Recommend that marital status, sexual orientation, source
of income be deleted from the change. The change is necessary but should
Iaddress age only and this could be satisfied by including age in the existing
ordinance.
City of Iowa City
MEMORANDUM
Date: March 23, 1983
To: Iowa City Council
From: Iowa City Human Rights Commission 4
Re: Proposed Revisions to the Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance
(Chapter 18 of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Iowa City,
Iowa)
The Iowa City Human Rights Commission recommends the attached proposed
revisions to the Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance (Chapter 18 of the Code
of Ordinances of the City of Iowa City, Iowa). We recommend these
revisions in the spirit of updating and improving an otherwise excellent
document which has made Iowa City a leader in the promotion of human
rights for all of its citizens.
Background of Proposed Revisions
A subcommittee of the Commission (Futrell, Barcelo, Gill, .Watson) began
reviewing the ordinance during the Spring of 1982. Upon review the
subcommittee proposed several changes. The full commission began
discussion of the committees recommendations in the summer of 1982.
After several discussion sessions within the Commission, a public hearing
was held in December 1982 to solicit public comment on the proposed
changes. The Commission received written comments from the public in
December and January, and met with the Housing Commission in January 1983
to discuss their concerns regarding the proposed revisions. After
considering the comments and making some modifications, the subcommittee
met with David Brown of the city legal staff to ensure that the wording of
the proposed revisions accurately reflected our intent in legal terms. At
the January meeting the Human Rights Commission voted 7-0, with one member
absent and one vacancy, to support adoption of the attached revisions.
Overview of Proposed Revisions
The proposed revisions are of two types. First, we are proposing numerous
minor and relatively noncontroversial changes. Many of these are wording
changes 'to improve clarity or consistency. Others are changes in
procedural sections to improve the functioning of the Commission. We have
received no comments .on these proposed changes and recommend them
primarily as fine-tuning.
The second group of changes are more substantive and more controversial.
The current ordinance does not provide adequate protection against
discrimination to the people of Iowa City in several areas and we propose
to extend protection in those areas. The current ordinance protects
individuals from discrimination on the basis of age, color, creed,
disability, marital status, national origin, race, religion, sex and
sexual orientation in the areas of employment, housing, public accommoda-
tion and credit with the exceptions that: (a) marital status and sexual
y/i
orientation are not protected under housing, and (b) mental disability is
not protected under credit. The Commission strongly believes that these
exceptions are illogical and effectively condone discrimination in these
areas. Thus, we believe the following changes are necessary if Iowa City
is to have a consistent human rights policy: (a) .the area of housing
protection should be extended to include marital status and sexual
orientation, and (b) the area of credit protection should be extended to
include mental disability as well as physical disability. The Commission
further proposes that protection in housing be extended to include the
presence or absence of dependents and public assistance source of income.
We believe that discrimination in housing on the basis of dependents and
source of income has harmed persons in those categories, and extension of
protection is needed in the interest of human rights in Iowa City.
Rationale for Proposed Revisions
Inclusion of Marital Status and Sexual Orientation Under Housin .
Marital status and sexual orientation are protected classes in all other
sections of the ordinance (employment, public accommodation, credit) and
logically they should be protected classes in housing as well. The
Commission finds no reason why discrimination on the basis of marital
status or sexual orientation is any more acceptable 'in housing than in the
other areas. Furthermore, public comment strongly supported these
proposed revisions. The major objections to these inclusions, expressed
in comments we received, was an objection to increased regulation in
general. The inclusion of marital status and sexual orientation neither
requests specific actions nor restricts activities in the area of housing
and thus, this extension should have minimal impact on those providing
housing in Iowa City. The existing regulations prohibiting
discrimination on the basis of marital status and sexual orientation have
had a positive effect on the Iowa City community. We believe that the
compelling logic of extending protection in these areas far outweighs any
possible detrimental effects of increased regulation.
Inclusion of Presence or Absence of Dependents and Public Assistance
Source of ng
Income under Housi. These changes would establish new
protected classes only in .the area of housing. We believe that discrimi-
nation on the basis of dependents and source of income in the area of
housing has harmed Iowa City residents sufficiently to justify their
inclusion in the ordinance. (It should be noted that in the first draft
of proposed changes the provision for dependents was included in the
definition of marital status. Confusion illustrated in the public
comments prompted us to treat dependents as a separate issue.) The
proposed revisions include dependents of all ages, such as elderly parents
and disabled persons, as well as children. The provision for dependents
has proven to be the most controversial proposal, and the concerns center
around the issue of children. Public comments opposing the change focused
on the suitability of some housing for children and the desires of other
tenants to be in all -adult housing. The Commission recognizes the
validity of these concerns, but believes the human rights of persons with
dependents outweigh these arguments. It should be noted that the proposed
inclusion of dependents in no way is intended to restrict the rights of
property owners or others engaged in housing transactions to set fair and
reasonable criteria regarding income, damage deposits, number of
occupants, order and cleanliness as otherwise allowed by law. We strongly
believe that suitability of housing should be the concern of the potential
tenant and not a discriminatory criterion limiting the choice of housing.
For example, in the view of the Commission it is discriminatory if a
single mother and one child cannot rent an apartment if two adults could
rent the same apartment. Although a concern for other tenants seems
logical, application of that standard could be (and indeed has been) used
to justify discrimination on any basis. Thus, in terms of human rights,
the concern of those not directly involved in the housing transaction must
be secondary to the rights of those who might be discriminated against.
Inclusion of Mental Disability under Credit. This proposed revision
provides protection to a class of individuals already protected under all
other sections of the ordinance. Public comments from a number of people,
including representatives of several agencies and organizations
specifically providing services to the disabled, supported this change,
and we received almost no negative response. Availability of credit is an
important factor in assisting disabled persons to live independently.
This proposal in no way prohibits creditors from applying fair and
reasonable standards of credit -worthiness or ability to comprehend the
transaction. Indeed, .these are the nondiscriminatory standards that
should be applied. As with the inclusion of maritalstatus and sexual
orientation under housing, the rationale for including mental disability
under credit is far more compelling than any counter -arguments.
We of the Iowa City Human ,Rights 'Commission will be happy to provide
further background concerning these proposed revisions, and we look
forward to discussing them with you at an informal Council session at your
convenience.
Attachments:
1. Proposed revisions in Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance
2. Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance, as proposed, with revisions
capitalized.
3. Current Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance (Ordinance No. 77-2830 as
amended by Ordinance No. 79-2951).
bj5/1-3
T/%
City of Iowa Cit„
MEMORANDUM
DATI, March 8, 1984
T0: City Manager and City Council
FWM: Lyle G. Seydel C0
RI: My memo dated March 7, 1984, subject - Proposed Changes
in the Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance.
This memo is provided for clarification and reiteration of infor-
mation provided in my recommendations to the Housing Commission
and City Council by memo dated March 7, 1984, referenced above.
In paragraph 1 of that memo I indicated the suggested changes
If were ap,arently the 'result of deliberation of the Human
Right�ommission and staff with no input from other staff or
public..."(emphasis added). The first indications that the
Human Rights Commission was contemplating changes to the
ordinance probably came as a result of a news article. An
extract of the minutes of the Housing Commission meeting of
November 3, 1982, follows:
"General Discussion - Seydel advised that the Human Rights
Commission is discussing some changes that will affect
housing. He indicated that he has asked the staff person to
provide copies of the draft ordinance for Commission review
prior to submission to Council."
Printed copies of the changes were obtained from the Human
Rights Specialist only a few days before the Housing Commission
meeting held December 1, 1982. This would have been the first
opportunity for the Housing staff or Commission to provide input
and by that time the changes had already been suggested (printed)
and the public hearing scheduled. Staff recommendations were
made and the Housing Commission did offer comments and suggestions.
See paragraphs 2 through 7 of my previous memorandum.
My recommendation to the Housing Commission and City Council that
these changes not be adopted at this time still stands. The
article appearing in the Daily Iowan, March 8, would lead a
reader to believe that the Housing Commission recommended approval
of the proposed changes. This is not true. what the Housing
Commission voted on at their meeting held March 7, was that my
memo be forwarded to Council unchanged. See copies of minutes
attached.
LGS:mth
City of Iowa City.
MEMORANDUM
DATE: March 7, 1984
TO: Housing Commission
City Council
FROM: Lyle G. Seydel, Housing Coordinator
RE: proposed Changes in the Iowa City Human Rights Ordinance
1. In late 1982 the Human Rights Commission suggested certain changes to
the human Rights Ordinance. The changes were apparently the results
of deliberation of the Human Rights Commission and staff with no in-
put from other staff or the public. (See attached memorandum, Decem-
ber 3, 1982, Seydel to Williams).
2. The Housing Commission, at their regular meeting, December 1, 1982,
received copies of the suggested changes and discussed their ramifi-
cations and impact on Housing in the community. They recommended
that the Human Rights Commission table further discussions and that
the Hunan Rights Commission meet with the. Housing Commission for fur-
ther discussion.
3. Housing Commission Meeting January S, 1983. The Housing Commission
discussed the Human Rights Ordinancewith the Human Rights Commission
(Copy of Minutes attached). No definitive action, however, the Human
Rights Commission was questioned as to the number of incidences and
what data was available to indicate that such practices were preva-
lent.
4. March 2, 1983. Revised proposed changes to Human Rights Ordinance
distributed. (Minutes attached). Recommendation to City Council
that they not schedule for discussions the proposed changes until the
Housing Commission had an opportunity to review and comment.
6. April u, 1983. Housing Commission Meeting (Minutes attached). Re-
viewed proposed changes and reaffirmed previous recommendations.
Differences between Housing Commission and Human Rights Commission
not resolved. Housing Commission recommended that the Council table
the proposed amendments until the two Commissions get together and
resolve many of the differences. See Memorandum attached.
6. February 28, 1984. Special Housing Commission Meeting. (Minutes
attached).
J
7. During the early stages of considering the proposed changes, the
Housing Commission received several written comments on the pro-
posed changes. Copies are attached for information.
B. In view of the lack of data that indicates this is a problem and
the negative affect the proposed changes could have on the rental
market, it is recommended that these changes not be adopted at
this time.