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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1979-02-13 Info PacketCity of Iowa City MEMORANDUM DATE: February 9, 1979 TO: City Council FROM: City Manager RE: Informal Agendas and Meeting Schedule February 12, 1979 14ondav 1:30 - 5:00 P.M. 1:30 P.M. - Review zoning applications 2:00 P.M. - Council agenda, Council time, and Council committee reports 2:30 P.M. - Bus service to University Heights - Public Works 3:00 P.M. - Alternative methods for Refuse Collection - Public Works 3:30 P.M. - Senior Citizens' Center update - Planning and Program Development 4:00 P.M. - Quarterly report - Housing and Inspection Services February 13, 1979 Tuesday 7:30 P.M. - Regular Council Meeting - Council Chambers February 19, 1979 Monday HOLIDAY February 20, 1979 Tuesday 7:30 P.M. - Regular Council Meeting - Council Chambers February 26, 1979 Mond. 1:30 - 5:00 P.M. 1:30 P.M. - Review zoning applications 2:00 P.M. - Council agenda, Council time, and Council committee reports 2:30 P.M. - Drainage problem, Hafor Drive/Hafor Circle - Public Works 4:00 P.M. - Consider appointments to Airport Commission, Governor Lucas Square Commission, and Johnson County Regional Planning Commission PENDING LIST EEOC Update Northside Study Board/Commission views to State and Federal agencies Area Transportation Study - February Demonstration of Thermography Instrument Leaf Burning Policy Non -Discrimination Ordinance Economic Development Strategies Appointments to Broadband Telecommunications Commission, Resources Conservation Commission, and Committee on Community Needs - March 6, 1979 Appointment to Board of Adjustment - March 20, 1979 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES MOINES City of Iowa Citi MEMORANDUM Date: February 7, 1979 To: All Department Heads From: City Manager l Re: Financial Impact Various proposals are presented to the City Council which have a finan- cial impact. On many occasions these matters are not reviewed by the Finance Director in advance. In the future all proposals which are presented to the City Council, which have a financial impact, will be approved by the Director of Finance for availability of funding. Please ensure that such matters are presented to the Finance Director sufficiently in advance of the agenda deadline so that your business will not be delayed. cc: City Council jm3/19 3oS MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES IdOltlCs City of Iowa Citi MEMORANDUM DATE: February 6, 1979 TO: City Council FROM: City Manager RE: University Heights Enclosed is some information from the City's files concerning University Heights. This background information developed during the period in which University Heights and Iowa City were considering a merger. I think you will find the arguments and proposals extremely interesting and relevant for our discussion concerning transit services. r MICROFIL14ED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RARIDS•DES MOINES The citizens of Iowa City and University Heights have lived together side by aide for many years and have always had a friendly relationahfp. This friendly rejationship has extended to the respective governments who I i have worked together and cooperated on many governmental affairs. Very shortly, however, the two political subdivisions will no longer be side by side - rather, University Heights will be a political island I completely surrounded by Iowa City. I believe that now is the time for the respective Councils to plan the future relationship of the two communities. Therefore, I would like to make the following recommendation concerning the unification of our communities: I I believe the time is right for us now to become onee,political unit. We are united in all other things; socially - economically - and geographically. How is the time for us to unite politically. The citizens of University Heights have a stake in the future of Iowa City, and they can beet protect jthie•.future by becoming a part of Iowa City. I do not believe there is any question, but that the citizens of Iowa i City would approve a merger of the two communities. The citizens of University Heights, however, would be losing their identity As a separate village and would want to study this merger more closely, There are two main considerations that should be analyzed: I i 1. Political 2. Financial J I � I MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 140I71ES -z - Iowa City is in the midst of many far-reaching changes. We have an Urban Renewal study underway; we are planning for more parks and play- grounds; we are attempting to coordinate our health activities with the County; in cooperation with the University, we will be drawing up a compre- hensive traffic and transportation plan; we are beginning comprehensive planning; and we have many other things under consideration. These changes are going to affect the people of University Heights, and they should have a voice in the planning and determination of them. Reny of the people in University Heights are in some way connected with the University. The University of Iowa and Ibwa City are working closely together in the hope that the growth of the University and the City will be planned, orderly and meaningful. The University and the City have made Joint appointments of a City P1annbr and are cooperating together for a Joint appointment of a Traffic Engineer. Both the University and the City have retained the firm of Sasaki, Dawson, DeMay Associates, Incorporated. The University, to aid in its overall planning, and the City, as a consultant on the Urban Renewal project, Between the University and the City there is a spirit of cooperation. The people of University Heights, by becoming a part of Iowa City, can take part in this cooperative effort to build a Yet greater University in a greater Iowa City, Iowa City needs the people of University Heights on the City Council; on our various boards and commissions; and on our citizens' committees. There are many people in University Heights trained and experienced in the different aspects of local government. We are willing and anxious to give the people of University Heights a voice in running the government of Iowa City. To do this, however, University Heights must become a part of Iowa City.. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES I4MIES -3- I .. .Financially, the people of University Heights will benefit if they are a part of Iowa City. At present University Heights enjoys a lower tax rate.than does Iowa City. A comparison is as foll6wa: City_ of. Iowa:!C1tvci'7.'Univeraity Heiehts State Levies .340 .340 County Levies 16.306 15.722 School General 54.921 54.921 Social Security 1.530 1.530 School I.P.E.R.S. 1.436 1.436 Taxes School Site .767 .767 Bonds & Interest 5.814 5.814 Special Courses .788 .788 Town General .017 .838 Street 4.113 .775 Public Safety 8.194 7.747 Sanitation 6.686 1.937 Municipal Enterprises 3:354 ----- (library, cemetery, airport) Recreation &Parke 3.256 ----- Utilities 1.977 1.859 Debt Service 4.595 ----- Trust & Agency 3.350 Total 117.444 94.474 The difference in -mill rates is due primarily to the fact that University Heights takes only those -services it needs for itself and does -not have to concern itself with functions that are needed by the entire•,urban area. University Heights does not have to pay taxes for the airport, cemetery, library, recreational:.facilities, parks, bridges across the river, costs -of planning, landfill operation, public-health, etc. Iowa City, as a•central city, must provide all these functions. University Heights -is in the fortunate position of being able to use these facilities -or -not, as it -chooses. Some attempt is made, however, to charge the people outside the City of Iowa City for these services. This is•highly unsatisfactory. Tax'supported functions are not organized to charge for their services, and this is probably why they are tax supported. For example, the people.of University Heights, with an assessed valuation of $1,500,000 and 280 homes, pay a total of $315.00 FIICROFILIIED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1401NE5 uu��I 1 -4- for the support of the public library. Fair Meadows, a part of Iowa City, with an assessed valuation .of $725,000 and 180 homes, pays through taxes a a= of $2,500.00 for the support of the public library. The public library, however, is geographi- cally more accessible, and is probably used more, by the people of University Heights than by the people of Fair Meadows. If University Heights now elects to remain an independent town, I.suggest that Iowa City immediately study the possibility of a change in our contractual service with University Heights; in fairness to the Iowa City'residents who are paying taxes for all the functions of the city, whether they•use them or not. This charge could be the product of University Heights' assessed valuation times the total mill rate levied by Iowa City, which would be.the same basis as Iowa City residents are paying. If this were accomplished then University Heights would be paying the same mill rate and enjoying the same services as the Iowa City residents. It would, however, be better for everyone concerned for University Heights to become an integral part .of Iowa City. If University Heightq.joins Iowa. City, the citizens of University Heights would not have to pay any part of Iowa,Dity's present 'bonded debt. The citizens of University Heights would enjoy a lgwer mill rate until Iowa City's obligations are paid. The citizens of University Heights would, also enjoy a reduction in sewer service fees as•soon as they become a part. of'the City of Iowa City. If University Heights becomes a part of Iowa City, the citizens of University Heights will: 1. Have a voice in the government of the central city. 2. .Benefit financially. I therefore urge the respective Councils to take the legal .steps necessary to hold an election 'on'this matter. I also urge .than an election be i MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES MOINES 1.6._ 4 -5- held as -soon as possible so that the citizens -of University Heightscan participate in -the local Iowa City elections which will beheld thio fall. I also -urge both Councils to give this .measure tbeir-fulleat support. Richard W. Burger Mayor Iowa City, Iowa MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 14011JES J4J / Otl JXI 1(]b3e Mne CITY OF IOWA CITY July 7, 1965 Mayor Russell Rose and Members of the University Heights Council Gentlemen: office of the mayor RICHARD N. BURGER I realize you are having a public hearing on the University Heights budget and I am not a resident of your community. However, as the Mayor of Iowa City, I believe that I have an obligation to convey to Mayor Ross this letter to be read at your budget hearing for what you do on your budget will profoundly affect the relationship between University Heights and Iowa City. This, I am as vitally interested in as you are. I recently sent you a proposal regarding municipal services. Under the last item on the proposal, Iowa City agreed to supply all services to University Heights at a cost of the same mill rate less one that Iowa City levies. This last proposal is certainly fair and equitable and I urge you to accept it. I am certain that the people of University Heights want to pay their fair cost of maintaining the public institutions. Through this proposal, the people of University Heights could use all of Iowa City's facilities with a clear conscience. Iowa City administrative people would not have to go to the expense and unpleasantness of charging more to the people of University Heights or excluding them from some of our facilities. If University Heights would accept this last proposal, it would do much to cement relations that have been maintained between the two communities. It is my hope that we can soon have an election and merge the two communities. A small difference in taxes should not be the main issue at this election. This would not be fair to the citizens of both of our communities. Accepting this proposal would eliminate this issue and the election could take place on a much higher plain. The main issues at this election should be: 1. Do the citizens of University Heights wish to involve themselves in the politics of Iowa City. 2. Do the people of University Heights wish to help decide some of the major issued now being considered. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DE.S Mo1MES Mayor Russell Ross and Members of the University Heights Council July 7, 1965 Page 2. 3. Do the people of University Heights wish to provide some of the leadership that is going to be vitally needed. Iowa City has been financially supporting University Heights for many.years. You could repay this obligation many times over by taking your place in the community and providing some of the political leadership that is going to be needed in the years ahead. Sincex5eiy, Richard W. Burger Mayor RWB/jk r - _ MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIRES IUG;.w \ l'+;:` I �•. +dryElm January 17, 1966 CITY OF IOWA CITY Honorable Mayor Chan Coulter & Members of the University Heights Council Gentlemen: office of the city manager CAA9TEN D. LEIKVOLD The University Heights Council has not responded to the Resolution passed by the Iowa City Council and sent to you with a covering letter from me on November 17, 1965. I did read in the Iowa City Press Citizen of some action taken by the University Heights Council at your meeting of January 13th and if this article is correct, there must be some misunderstanding. The municipal services of Iowa City are available to University Heights citizens only under the terms set forth in the resolution. The services of Iowa City are not available to the citizens of University Heights on an individual basis. This was certainly the understanding of the respec- tive Councils when this tentative agreement was reached. It was brought out quite specifically when the two Councils were meeting that most municipal services do not lend themselves to individual collection and that the fair way for University Heights to pay their share of municipal services would be through taxes. It was mentioned quite often that we would not be able to build and maintain libraries, parks, and other munici- pal services on a fee system. If you want your citizens to enjoy the privileges of the Iowa City library or recreation center, it must be done under the conditions set forth in the Resolution. These services will not be made available to the citizens of University Heights on an individual basis. Although the newspaper article did not mention sanitation, I would like to I point out that this service also includes the use of the sanitary landfill. This will also be made available to you only under the conditions set forth in the Resolution. This would mean that it would not be available to individual citizens nor to contract haulers except under the provisions of the Resolution. You will probably want to take this into consideration. I was aware of the provision in the fire contract which called for a notice of cancellation. At the time, I thought the two Councils had reached an understanding and that a formal notice of cancellation would not be necessary and might, in fact, be misunderstood. We will, of course, honor the contract and will make fire services available for 1966. MICROFILMED DY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES tI01REs Honorable Mayor Chan Coulter & Members of the University Heights Council January 17, 1966 Page 2. I will, at this time, officially inform you that fire services from Iowa City to University Heights will be terminated on January 1, 1967. I will also officially inform you at this time that you must make some provisions for taking care of your own sewage by January 1, 1967. If more official notices are necessary, I will have our City Attorney prepare them. This is done, of course, only for official technical reasons and with the under. standing that a new agreement can be entered into during the year 1966 under the terms set forth under the Resolution. I would like to hear from you by February 1, 1966 on what services Univer- I sir,, heights wishes to take from Iowa City during the year 1966. We have started making preparations for our 1967 budget. We would also like to know as soon as possible if University Heights wishes to take Iowa City services for 1967 under the terms set forth in the Resolution. The Iowa City Council has undertaken many projects that I know University Heights citizens are interested in. We are growing rapidly and in a short time University Heights will be in the geographical center of Iowa City. We are going to be thrown in closer contact with each other. It is to the interest of everyone that we establish a sound, healthy relationship. This i can only be done though if University Heights pays their fair share of municipal services. In the interests of the entire metropolitan area, from a sense of what is fair, and in behalf of continued good relations between the many good friends in our co=nities, I would urge the University Heights Council to take all the services of Iowa City as set forth in the I Resolution. May I plea sehear fr you. /Slne} n Carsten D. LeikvoId City Manager CDI,/jk M MICROFILMED BY JORM MICRO!_AB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MbII1ES I City of Iowa Ci�? DATE: February 9, 1979 TO: City Council FROM: City Manager RE: Elderly Housing - Senior Center Development As a result of the discussions regarding the development of subsidized housing for the elderly which occurred at the Council meeting on February 6, members of the unciion. As we indicated to You time,Cwe dol notvviewgthet"airdrights" issue lasttile sole obstacle; which upon at that resolution would s w t that tme, we believethatthe current l�difficulties e way orepresentnonly Atheefirsteofstatdanumerouslpotential problems inherent in a development project of this magnitude and complexity. A review of the history of this project and the schedule of remaining tasks will explain the staffs concerns. The First Christian Church submitted a proposal to HUD in mid -summer, 1977. HUD announced the fund reservation for 100 units of subsidized housing in September, 1977, 'Ihe preliminary proposal, showing the building configuration and site plan was submitted to HUD on May 24, 1978. As explained in the letter from the Ebenezer Center, attached to this memorandum, the air rights issue was recognized as a problem as early as May, 1978. In a letter dated August 18, 1978, HUD granted approval of the preliminary proposal subject to nine conditions. Most of the conditions related to architectural details, but three conditions related to other matters: securing air rights, providing the managing agent's qualifications, and providing the legal description and purchase price for the exact real property to be purchased. In subsequent telephone conversations with ELIC, the staff learned that the HUD Area Counsel was unwilling to accept the land sale contract language drafted by the City and accepted by EHC. However, the language modifications needed by HUD have not yet been determined by EHC, nor have they been submitted to the City for consideration. Accordingly, binding evidence of site control and the deficiencies relating to legal description and purchase price identified by [IUD remain unresolved. The letter from HUD, dated August 18, was not received by E[IC until September 16. 7'ltis is illustrative of one type of delay which has occurred, and, which could occur again. Since September, efforts to convince HUD that the air rights requirement should be waived, and efforts to acquire the air rights have taken place. On this specific issue, the City staff has been relatively well informed and has taken part in these efforts by meeting with and providing technical information to both HUD and EHC. In Spite of these efforts, the air rights issue remains unresolved. If the air rights issue is resolved, the schedule which must be adhered to is extremely restrictive. The normal eighteen month time period preceding construction start expires in March. A six month extension is obtainable but the project must be .order construction in September. No further extension is foreseeable. In order to achieve this, the following schedule must be maintained. 307 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES City Council February 9, 1979 Page 2 A. The 28 exhibits required for conditional committment need to be submitted by February 28. This City has not been provided copies of any the City lacks knowledge concerning the of the exhibits, so state of completion, however, we do have direct knowledge regarding several of them. For example, Certif Permissive Zoning has not yet been requested by EHC, nor provided by the City. ication of More crucially, Evidence of site Control remains lacking. Until HUD's objections to the contract language have been resolved with EHC's attorney, no formal consid- oration of a contract by the City can occur. In fact, the questions regarding legal description and purchase price raised in the HUD letter of August 18 have i not yet been resolved to the point that the staff can make a recommendation to the City Council. B. Assuming that the exhibits required for Conditional Committment can be submitted on schedule, HUD will require 30 days to review the documents. If any of the documents are found to be unacceptable, it is hoped that corrections can be made within the 30 day time period so that HUD approval can occur by April 1. However, if there are any major objections, additional time may be required. C. Following HUD approval of the Conditional Committment, EHC will have 90 days to Prepare the additional information required for the Firm Committment. This includes the complete preparation of architectural P ­ and specifications for the construction of the project. This is an extremelytight time frame in which to prepare these documents. The exhibits required for firm committment should be submitted to HUD by July 1. D. Again, HUD will require 30 days to review the documents. Concurrently the City staff will be reviewing the plans for conformance to the Building Code. This is another area of considerable concern to the staff. It has been our experience, almost without exception and regardless of the design firm involved, that on I projects of this magnitude, design changes have been needed to comply with the applicable codes. In this case, due to the schedule, HUD and the City will be reviewing the plans simultaneously. Any changes required by HUD will affect our code review and any changes required by the codes may affect their review. Review and approval by HUD is not perfunctory. For example, a significant delay in the Capitol House project being developed by Capitol states Associates on Urban Renewal Parcel 103-3 occurred at this stage. 1110 heating and cooling system specified was not approved by HHD. A redesign of the entire HVAC system was required. This changed both construction and operating costs, causing the financial projections to change. A re -review of project feasibility was required. Following these steps the firm committment was approved. Nevertheless, this resulted in time delays in excess of two months to ;1 project being developed by a developer with substantial experience andsato good track record in producing HUD subsidized housing, E, Assuming HUD approval of the firm committment, approximately 30 days will be form• Among these documents a deed to tile until project closing. At project closing, all documents must be in final he property and a building permit will be required. This allows 60 days from receipt of plans to issuance of the building permit. This is adequate if changes aren't needed, but would pose j problems if redesign is required, MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CCDAR RAPIDS -DES FIOIIIES City Council February 9, 1979 Page 3 Summarized below is the optimal schedule. February 28: EHC submits exhibits for Conditional Committment to HUD April 1: HUD approves Conditional Committment July 1: ELIC submits exhibits for Firm Committment to HUD and plans to City for building permit. August 1: HUD approves Firm Committment September 1: EHC/IIUD closing September 23: Construction start deadline There is time to complete the steps required if all actions are carried out in the minimum time. This will require, in our judgment, that the project be exceptionally well managed, that all problems be resolved immediately upon detection, and that all necessary decisions be made promptly. ELIC must, through whatever means necessary, ensure the availability of maximum professional assistance in order to succeed on this schedule. This has not been the situation to date. An additional issue was raised at the Council meeting of February 6 which needs clarification. As stated in the memo from the City Manager to the City Council, the staff believes that locating the housing structure to the north of the alley creates more problems than it solves, and is seriously damaging to the City's efforts to develop the Senior Center. The staff believes that if the air rights issue cannot be resolved, EIIC should rotate the structure 90 degrees; reduce the number of dwelling units to eight per floor; and reduce the total number of dwelling units to maintain approximately the same number of stories. A representative of EHC responded to this recommendation by stating that they did not believe that this was financially feasible. The the staff recommendation is explained below. basis for dwelling Certain elements of the project costs would increase by reducing the number of untis y, the csts o stairways would pbe spread Over conly a81dwellingounitsfinsteadthe endofa11 orwlls,e1leators an 2vdwellingd units per floor. Using cost information supplied by the contractor and the architect these cost increases are calculated: End walls at $20 per square foot surface area 1044 sq. ft. per floor = $20,880 per floor With 12 d/u per floor = With 8 d/u per floor = $ x,740 per d/u Added costs = ,610 per d/u T 870 per d/u Stairways/Elevator Stops at $15,000 per floor With 12 d/u per floor = With 8 d/u per floor = $1,per d/u Added costs = 1,87755 $ 625 per d/u MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAP IDS -DES ?101 RES City Council February 9, 1979 Page 4 End wall costs = $ 870 per d/u Stairwell/Elevator Costs = 625 per d/u Total Added Costs = 1,495 per d/u These are real added costs per dwelling unit, but that fact alone does not address project feasibility. The real question is whether or not these cost increases can be offset by other design changes which reduce total costs per dwelling unit by an equivalent amount. The staff believes that they can. Attached to this memorandum is a chart comparing the E11C preliminary proposal to four other elderly housing projects. The projects charted are as follows: A. The current EHC preliminary proposal. B. Autumn Park - designed by Foss, Englestad, Heil for Nidstates Development Corp. C. Capitol House - designed by Foss, Englostad, Heil for Capitol States Associates D. The proposal for 100 units east of Mercer Park, designed by IVehner, Nowysz, Patt- schull, for the City of Iowa City in 1975 E. The proposal, designed by Miller, Hanson, IVesterbeck, Bell for the Knutson Companies, submitted to the City for Urban Renewal Parcel 103-3 in 1977 Also charted are the averages for the four comparison projects. An examination of the chart provides the basis for the staff's opinion that other design changes can reduce per unit costs to offset the increases noted above. The EIIC proposal calls for 606 square foot units, compared to the HUD standard of 525 sq. ft., and the range of from 528 to 564 sq. ft. for the other projects. Dwelling unit size, while desirable, could be reduced if necessary to ensure feasibility. More importantly, the ENC proposal calls for construction of 974 square feet of structure per dwelling unit, compared to the range of 703 to 822 square feet for the other projects. This means that the rental revenues from each dwelling unit must support the construction of 31% more building area than the average 743 sq. ft. for the other four projects. At a construction cost of $32 per square foot (the current EHC estimate) this represents nearly $7,400 more per dwelling unit. Because costs are lumpy (some space costs more than other space), this entire savings probably could not be realized by space reduction alone. Nevertheless, it is clear that cost reductions to offset the $1500 increase caused by going to 8 d/u per floor can be achieved by increasing space efficiency. The staff is prepared to discuss this matter in greater detail should the Council wish to do so. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAN M -DES 11010ES ■ ATTACIMENT A ELDERLY HOUSING AREA TABULATION ®_ *1 manager unit @792 **1 manager unit @795 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES MOINES SQ. FT. PROJECT DWELLING SQ.FT./DU TOTAL LEASABLE- GROSS BUILDING GROSS BUILDING % LEASABLE UNITS AREA SQ.FT. AREA SQ.FT. AREA PER D/U j EHC Proposal 100 606 60,600 97,416 974 62% 1 Autumn Park 64 530 33,920 46,140 721 i 74�' Capitol House 81 564 45,684 59,000 728 f 77% City - 1975 101 52E* 53,592 71,000 703 75% Knutson - 1977 91 540-548** 47,491 74,880 822 63% Average of 4 8414 541 45,171 62,755 743 72% ®_ *1 manager unit @792 **1 manager unit @795 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES MOINES M3 REt-.\(i�_R I �y L 1919 O❑ ®Q OD ebenezer center for aging 2626 park ovenue • minneopolis. mn. 55407 • 1612J 671-7112 January 22, 1979 Mr. Neil Berlin City of Iowa City 410 Washington Iowa City, Iowa 52240 Dear Neil: Enclosed is a copy of the letter which we sent to Rev. Welsh and the Board of Directors of Ecumenical Housing Corporation. Sincerel , Richard E. Hanson REH/.j 1 research MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIMCS consulting 0 CID ebenezer center, for aging • 2626 park avenue • minneapolie, mn. 55407 (6121871-7112 January 22, 1979 Board of Directors Ecumenical Housing Corporation 217 Iowa Avenue Iowa City, Iowa 52240 Dear Members of the Board; The Menezer Center and Society have worked very diligently since September of 1977 to assist you in the development of a housing pro- ject for elderly people in the city of Iowa City. In our original presentation we made a commitment, that is our corporate commitment, to do everything that we possibly can to assist development of pro- grams and projects for the enhancement of living conditions and pro- grams for elderly citizens in our country. This camlitment is stronger than ever today and we reaffirm this commibnent to you at this time. During the past few months, we have gone through a turbulent period Of time. Many things have gone right, many things have gone wrong. Right now we are sure that in your minds you cannot think of too many things that are right, but you can think of many things that are wrong. The air rights issue has been in front of the Ecumenical Housing Corpor- ation Board of Directors as well as your President, Robert Welsh, since the in HUD hasblem was surfaced at been up and down withr egards to itsril 'of l978. final decision regardinthis g the condition of air rights. It is our understanding that your Presi- dent feels that the Ebenezer Society was totally accountable and respon- sible for HUD not waiving the air rights issue. He perhaps has a right to place blame, but at this point in time, placing blame is going to do nothing in terns of proceeding with your project. On May 1st and May 9th of 1978, we advised your President and you that action should be started on the negotiations for the purchase of air rights from the Knights of Columbus. This was just a preventative measure that could and should have been done in the normal course of business to back up every question that HUD may have regarding the final approvals of a 202 Section 8 project. Since approximately October 15, 1978, we have been in a vacuum in terms of what has ocurred on the negotiations of the air rights issue. In the first meeting that occurred between the Knights of Columbus, your In the • dent, and your attorney, we were not invited to attend. We subsequently have not been invited to attend any meetings that have occurred regarding the air rights issue. In addition to this, your President has assumed full control, which is his authority, in all discussions and negotiations i with the HUD insuring office in Des Moines. Our judgment said that we i should not continue any discussions with the Des Moines office as long as ...----- educaWon/troining consulting T MICROFILM BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES Page 2 January 22, 1979 Ecumenical Housing Corporation your President was negotiating. This was to show a common front to HUD in terns of being positive and proceeding ahead. Airing this per- iod he also had several meetings with the architect and the contractor regarding modifications that could occur to the project to meet the various requirements of the air rights issue. We have not been knowledgeable or involved in any of these discussions. I am sure that your President is upset with Ebenezer's performance, which is his right; however, we still strongly feel that Ebenezer can provide you with the necessary guidance and leadership to make your project a suc- cessful and useful venture for the elderly citizens of Iowa City. However, like.any other group who is involved in delivering a service, we have expenses to meet to simply keep our doors open and activities occurring. We have on many occasions alerted the officers and members of the Board of EHC as to what we thought were several wasteful, time-consuming meetings, not relating to the issues that were current, but to personal issues that. had no direct effect on the final completion and operation of the housing project. This has caused us a great expenditure of money as well as consider- able frustration in relationships between your President and the Ebenezer principals involved in the ENC housing project. We feel that there is such a breakdown in connLnication, trust and under- standing between your President and Ebenezer that it is impossible for us to proceed in any manner that can be constructive to the project as a dir- ect housing consultant. We do, however, feel that we can assist you to help the project reach a final conclusion. We will 'transmit to you all of the documents required for your conditional processing upon request. These documents will be fu11y explained and can be prepared by your President or a person he may designate. We are available by phone or in writing to answer any questions that you may have with regard to the content or the development of the forms. We also will be available to you when the rime canes for the final processing, and for initial pro- cessing to furnish you with the necessary forms, advise you of the method of completing them and answer any questions relating to specific subjects. You also have available to you the full resources and knowledge of the Ebenezer organization. If you wish to see copies of our management programs or our social service phrogl.ams, they will be provided to you through the mail for review and you may use them as you wish. We feel strongly that this is a good project to provide housing for some very nice elderly citizens, and ue have met many in the past eighteen months; we are sincerely discouraged to have reached the point where we feel it is no longer possible for us to perform our duties as we know we can and have done and have demonstrated in the past in a business -like manner. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RANDS -DES 110114[5 1 Page 31 January 22, 1979 Ectmenical Housing Corporation We would like to personally carmend all of the mombers of the EHC Board for the time they have donated to the planning process and for the camritment they have made to the elderly citizens of Iowa City. Without groups such as the EHC Board, our mission could be very dif- ficult. Thank you, and we also hope that some day the elderly citi- zens of Iowa City Will also say "thank you". Sincerely yours, R. E. Hanson EBE�NEZER SCCIEIY Larry D. Conrad Director of Consulting Services Glen H. Gronlund Director of Ebenezer Center for Aging RH/ph cc. A. Luther Molberg Ray Johnson MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIRES E City of Iowa Ci'` MEMORANDUM DATE: February 9, 1979 TO: City Council - FROM:p+� Dennis R. Kraft, Director of Planning and Program Development RE: Senior Center In the past few weeks joint meetings of the Recreation Department and Department of Planning and Program Development have been held to discuss job descriptions, staff organization and responsibilities, and bylaws for the Senior Center Commission. Copies will also be submitted to the Council of Elders for their suggestions. Before we can approach the County for their reaction to these proposals, we need feedback from the City Council. The job description for the Senior Center Coordinator is the result of research by y this department into the skills and qualities considered necessary, by experts in the field, for this position. Input was requested from the Council of Elders as to their opinions on the subject. The Council of Elders found the description basically satisfactory. Glenn Bowles, Executive Director of the Commission on the Aging; the Council of Elders, submitted written suggestions which concurred with our final job description. An organization chart for the Senior Center, t of and Program Development, was revised to reflect ethe ephilosophy d by the eofrthe nDirector nofng Parks and Recreation because the Senior Center would be a division within that department. The bylaws for the Senior Center Commission were compiled through the joint effort of the Recreation Department and Department of Planning and Program Development. They are consistent with the bylaws of other City boards and commissions. An effort was also made to insure that they reflect the provisions of the new open meetings law. In an effort to assess County -wide interest in the Senior Center, we have developed a proposal for rural outreach. We have a student available to work on this project. If it is agreeable to the City Council, we would meet with the County to discuss the financing necessary. The job description, draft bylaws, organizational chart, and additional information is included with this memorandum. DRK/ j me Attachments 308, IIICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MDIIIES i Senior cc, -.--?-,r orgunIZOTI" ll- CHG1rT Iowa CITY QcJ¢ncleS CITY F MDRY COUnCIL CITY manager DlrecTor of ParKS anD rec rea71 On senior cenrer coorDlna7or 77memaer Q---� senior cenrer _I commission Council- of ` eLDers COUnGI L of Qu�GQParT 5 n I4f,]PeC7PealI Time Teers aT OnOL reFef Ql m¢oLs er la L2C10 OTHe a iCounnc iri 7onCaL SQQ Un KY: POLICY maKers- supervisory reLQrlOnSHIP cIDvisorY reL0710rISHIP »««w FACILITY managemen7 InDIVIDUOL Program rnanagemenT MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES Date: January 15, 1979 To: Julie Vann From: Bette Meisel Re: Job Description SENIOR CENTER COORDINATOR Division head under administrative direction of Director of Parks and Recreation, manages the operation of the Senior Center, supervises its staff, and coordinates budget and funding and performs other related duties. Develops a broad diversified program of activities and services for the elderly; recommends programs to meet the needs of the elderly, and carries out approved programs; meets with interested groups and individuals to promote Senior Center programs; hires and supervises the work of employees; arranges for the proper maintenance and operation of the Senior Center; interprets Senior Center activities to other departments and to the community; prepares an annual budget, obtains funds and control expenditures; maintains records and prepares reports; evaluates Senior Center programs and operation; establishes and maintains relation- ships with area funding bodies; establishes and maintains relationships with service providing agencies; coordinates their services into the total Center program. Education and Experience: Any combination equivalent to graduation from college in a related field and five years of increasingly responsible professional experience, including two years of administrative experience. Knowledges and Abilities: Knowledge of the philosophy, principles, and techniques of planning and supervising a Senior Center; knowledge of the facilities, equipment, and services needed in a broad Senior Center program; knowledge of community organizations and resources; knowledge of the latest developments and concepts related to operation of a Senior Center; ability to analyze needs and to adapt a program to its particular requirements; skill in selecting, training, and supervising personnel; ability to write letters and prepare reports; ability to establish and maintain good working relationships with boards and commissions; individ- uals, and particularly with the elderly. bdw1/1 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1101RES 1 City of Iowa City MEMORANDUM Date: January 29, 1979 To: City Council From: Bette Meisel, Program Development Specialist Re: The How and Why of Senior Centers With nearly a year of reading about senior centers behind me, I can wholeheartedly recommend this issue of "Aging Magazine" as the best overview of senior centers I have come across. If you have time to read it from cover to cover, you will find it a good survey of the different types of centers, problems, philosophies, and programs to be found nationwide. If you don't have time to read it all, I would like to recommend two articles specifically. The first, "The How and Why of Senior Centers" (pages 2-6) will provide you with a lot of information quickly and succinctly. The second, "One Little House Grown Into a Multi-purpose Center" (pages 37-40) I found fascinating because the two communities, Menlo Park and Iowa City, seemed so similar. Our planning for the old post office senior center is very much in keeping with what they have found to be successful. bdwI/1 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES IIOIREs 308, Y February 8, 1979 DRAFT PROPOSED BY-LAWS IOWA CITY SENIOR CENTER COMMISSION ARTICLE I. MEETINGS. Section 1. Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of this Commission shall be held on the fourth Wednesday of each month and informal meetings shall be held as necessary. Section 2.. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the members may be called by the Chair and shall be called by the Chair or by the Vice -Chair at the request of three or more members of the Commission. Section 3. Place of Meetings. Regular meetings shall be held in the Senior Center meeting room. Section 4. Notice of Meetings. t I t Notice of regular and special meetings shall be required. Included in d this notice shall be: time, date, place of meeting and tentative agenda. Notice shall be posted in a permanent place in the building of the government agency. Meetings may be a called upon notice by telephone not less than 24 hours before the meetings three and days if a written notice of a special meeting is given, unless for good cause such notice is impossible or impractical. In such cases such notice as is reasonable shall be provided. News agencies who have filed requests for such notices shall be informed by the staff in a similar fashion. Section S. uorum. of members constitute majority Commission shall tutea quo um at any meeting. A majority(but not less than four) of votes cast at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be decisive of any motion or election. M MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MONIES 1 r1 2 Section 6. Proxies. There shall be no vote by proxy. Section 7. Public Discussion. Time shall be made available during all regular formal meetings for open public discussion. AnTTM r TT MEMBERSHIP. Section 1. Oualifications. The Senior Center Commission shall consist of seven members. These members shall be appointed as follows: A. The City Council of Iowa City shall seek recommendations for membership on the Commission. Among the groups consulted should be those particularly concerned with the elderly community such as: The Council of Elders, the organization of agencies which provides services in the Senior Center, the University of Iowa Gerontology Center. B. Final appointment to the Commission shall be subject to approval by majority vote of the City Council of Iowa City. All members of the Commission shall be qualified electors of Iowa City, Iowa. Section 2. Term of Office. Initial appointments shall be made for terms of one to three years duration in the following manner: Three members to be appointed for three years. Two members to be appointed for two years. Two members to be appointed for one year. Thereafter all appointments shall be for a period of three years. Section 3. Compensation. Commissioners shall serve without compensation but may be reimbursed for expenses incurred for travel outside of MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES 1101flES '1 3 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MDINES Iowa City on designated Commission business. Such expenses must have prior approval by the City Manager of Iowa City upon the request of the Director of Parks and Recreation. Receipts for all such expenses must be submitted to the City Manager of Iowa City through the Director of Parks and Recreation prior to reimbursement for such expenses. Section 4. Orientation for New Commissioners. Prior to the first regular meeting following their appointment, new Commissioners shall be provided with copies of the By -Laws, and other documenation that would be useful to Commission members in carrying out their duties. They may also be given an orientation briefing by members of the staff, the Commission and others as may be deemed appropriate. n_ Section 5.* Absences. d, Three consecutive unexplained absences of a Commission 4` member from regular meetings may result in a x'. recommendation to the appropriate body from the Commission to discharge said member and appoint a new Commissioner. r Section 6. Vacancies. Any vacancy on the Commission because of death, resignation, long-term illness, disqualification or removal shall be filled by the appropriate governmental body or agency after at least thirty days notice has been by given announcement of said vacancy to the news media and by -recording the minutes the j of appropriate governing body agency., Section 7. Resignations. Resignations should be submitted in writing to the City of i Iowa City at least sixty days prior to the date of intended departure. The resignation should be submitted in writing to the Mayor with acopy to the City Manager and Director of Parks and Recreation. ARTICLE III. OFFICERS. Section 1. Number. The officers of this Commission shall be a Chairperson, Vice -Chairperson, and Secretary, each of whom shall be ;I elected by the members of the Commission. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MDINES 4 Section 2. Election and Term of Office. Officers of the Commission shall be elected annually at the first regular meeting each year; if the election of officers shall not be held at such meeting, such election shall be held as soon thereafter as is convenient. Section 3. Vacancies. A vacancy in any office removal, disqualification by the Commissioners for term. Section 4. Chair. because of death, resignation, or other cause shall be filled the unexpired portion of the The Chair shall, when present, preside at all meetings, appoint committees, call special meetings and in general perform all duties incident to the office of the Chair, and such other duties as may be prescribed by the members from time to time. Section 5. Vice -Chair. In the absence of the Chair, or in the event of death, inability or refusal to act, the Vice -Chair shall perform the duties of the Chair and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all restrictions upon the Chair. Section 6. Secretary. The Secretary shall have the responsibility of insuring that the Commissions minutes are accurate and circulated as prescribed. ARTICLE IV. DUTIES. Section 1. The Commission shall have the following responsibilities: A. Serve primarily as an advisory body to the City Council of Iowa City. B. Ensure that Senior Center objectives are carried out through a review of program statistics and reports supplied by staff, as well as general questioning concerning Center activities. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIRES s C. Consider and act on recommendations from the Council of Elders and other relevant committees and volunteers as to establishing or changing Senior Center policies and programs. D. Ensure that the Senior Center is effectively integrated into the community and with other related j organizations by assisting in public relations functions. ! E. Cooperate closely with the staff and other relevant I persons in supporting attempts to secure adequate financial resources for the operation of the Senior Center. } F. Provide to the Senior Center the full support, prestige, and community leadership of the Commission itself and of its individual members. G. To serve in an advocacy role or meeting the needs of all elderly in Iowa City. j Section 2. Powers. i The Commission shall have the following powers: A. Review and recommend action on regular and permanent use of space in the Senior Center by various agencies and organizations. ' B. Review and recommend policy regarding occasional use of space by agencies and organizations. (Such policy once established shall be administered by staff without Commission review). C. Recommend and review acquisition and disposition of gifts and donations. D. Recommend and review policies, rules, regulations, ordinances and budgets relating to the Senior Center services and programs. s i E. Prepare an annual report of Senior Center activities and accomplishments. Section 3. Coordination and Coo .ration with Other oveHUM111121­al Entities The Commission shall coordinate and cooperate, where applicable, with other City and County advisory bodies and governmental entities on matters of mutual concern. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 110114ES 1 6 Section 4. Grant Review. All applicable grant applications which would affect the operation of the Senior Center shall be submitted to the Commission for its recommendations. ARTICLE V. ORGANIZATION OF COMMISSION BUSINESS. Y Section 1. Committees. Establish the committees of this Commission including composition, duties, and terms. z Section 2. Secretary. A. A Secretary will be a Commission member and shall be sin attendance for all regular and special meetings. Section 3. A enda. The Chair, or a designated representative, together with 5 staff assistance shall prepare an agenda for all regular Commission meetings. Agendas are to be sent to Commission members and the media where appropriate at least three days prior to regular meetings. Section 4. Minutes. r Minutes of all regular meetings are to be prepared and distributed to all Commission members, the City Council of Iowa City and the Director of Parks and Recreation Department within two weeks after the meeting. Minutes shall include: date, time, place of meeting, members present, and action taken. They shall also include results of votes taken and the vote of each member present. Specific recommendations requiring Council action are to be set off from the main body of the minutes and appropriately identified. Section 5. Attendance at Commission Meetings. The Commission Chair or designated representatives may be requested to be in attendance at any City Council meeting including informal sessions at which matters pertaining to the Commissions responsibilities are to be discussed or action taken. The Commission Chair is to receive Council agendas prior to each Council meeting and is to be otherwise notified of meetings involving Commission business. 611CROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES IIO RICS I 7 1— ARTICLE VI. AMENDMENTS. Section 1. These By -Laws may be altered, amended or repealed by affirmative vote of at least five Commission members and the new By -Laws adopted by the Commission at any regular meeting or at any special meeting called for that purpose. The proposed changes in the By -Laws shall be submitted to the members of the Commission the City Council at least 14 days prior to consideration by the Commission. Such changes shall require an affirmative vote by at least five members of the Commission. Amendments shall be approved by the Council to become effective. C - - MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RANDS•DES MOIMES tl1E ECUMOWICAL HOUSING CORPORATION Februaril 9, 1979 City Council Civic Center Iowa City, Iowa 52240 Members of The City Council: I am writing on behalf of the Ecumenical Housing Corporation to request a one week extension in completing negotiations with the Knights of Columbus. We would reaffirm our conuni,tment to the elderly of this com- munity and to the joint Senior Center/Housing project. Sincerely, Robert L. Welsh P,LW: rew President L F FE(B 91379 ADBIE- S)TGLI*L:i CiiY CLERK MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES nDIREs 307 IN City of Iowa City MEMORANDUM Date: February 9, 1979 To: Neal Berlin City Council From: Dick Plastino, Director of Public Works Re: Council Decisions At the City Council meeting of January 31, staff believes Council made several decisions that change existing City policy. Since all of this was done in great haste we wanted to clear up some of the decisions. There are seven items. Each item will be broken down into 1) a situation, 2) Council's tentative decision, 3) other facts from Public Works, 4) Public Works recommendation and intent to proceed unless advised otherwise by Council. A. MAINTENANCE OF ALLEYS 1. Situation -- $54,000 was budgeted to gravel all City alleys out of the Road Use Tax fund. This was to solve the problem of people paying for gravel in their alley and then resisting when the motor grader came through and spread their gravel onto the alley behind abutting property owners. There were also many complaints about City garbage trucks tearing up the alleys. 2. Council Tentative Decision -- To cease all City maintenance of alleys and turn it completely over to the private property owner. 3. Additional Facts -- State law says that a City is responsible for the care of public grounds including alleys. It is not possible to give up maintenance of alleys without vacation of the alleys. This would be difficult to do because all public access to the alley would be eliminated. Also if the purpose of government is to do for folks things they can't do for themselves, maintenance of alleys would seem to be a government function. Residents along an alley can't even get together now to help pay for rock. They will have even more difficulty agreeing to hire a maintainer to come in and grade the alley. Some of the residents' complaints about City garbage trucks tearing up the alleys are justified. J MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES 1101:lEs 3!D r� 2 4. Public Works Recommendation -- --That the City designate $10,000 of its normal maintenance fund for purchasing gravel in alleys. This will be spent at locations chosen by the Street Superintendent. --That property owners still be given the opportunity to ! purchase rock if they so desire. I --That all City garbage trucks terminate travel through all - alleys and that all refuse collection be at the curb side. B. GARBAGE PICKUP AT HOUSE I. Situation -- The City currently picks up garbage at the house for several properties in town where the house is located several hundred feet back from the street. This also occurs in rural areas where the City has annexed land. At the present time we do send a pickup up to each of these properties and pick it up at the house. 2. Council Tentative Decision -- That all residents should be required to place their garbage out at the public road rather than have a City truck go all the way up the lane to the house. 3. Additional Facts -- None. 4. Public Works Recommendation -- That all residents be required to put garbage out at the public right-of-way. C. PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED 1. Situation -- At the present time the Iowa City Solid Waste Division sends a person to the house to pick up the garbage of those who are physically handicapped by either age or some other infirmity. 2. Council Tentative Decision -- The Council did not address this issue. 3. Additional Facts -- None. 4. Public Works Recommendation -- That we continue this policy subject to a doctor's certification and approval of the Street/Solid Waste Superintendent. The Superintendent's CK must be gained since we believe a doctor's certification is much too easy to obtain on any pretext. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES MOINES 1 1 2. 3 0. ALLEY VERSUS CURB GARBAGE PICK UP Situation -- In some of the old areas of town the City picks up garbage from the alley. In all other areas of town residents must place it at the curb. Council Tentative Decision -- That all refuse be placed at the curb and alley pick ups be discontinued. 3. Additional Facts -- This decision was made to get garbage trucks out of the alleys and stop tearing them up. In addition alley pick up is unsanitary in some cases since the residents of many apartment houses picked up by the City are not careful about storage of trash in alleys. 4. Public Works Recommendation -- That all garbage pick up be switched to the curb. — E. SIZE OF APARTMENT HOUSE PICKED UP BY THE CITY I. Situation -- The City picks up apartment houses larger than 4 units in some cases. Should this be continued? 2. Council Tentative Decision -- Not addressed. 3. Additional Facts -- In 1975 when a new solid waste ordinance was beineverything considered it single sfund out tefamily ho sesh upClto 15 wasand�c20nunit apartments. The ordinance was written so that solid waste would be picked up from every place except housing facilities with more than four units. We found out that this would eliminate IWto 200 apartment houses so we "grandfathered in" a section in the ordinance which allows the City to pick up places larger than 4 apartment units provided they do not have over 15 containers. This was done so that we would not lose the whole ordinance due to opposition. The logic for cutting off at four units is based mostly on efficiency and public health. An apartment complex above four units generates enough garbage so that it should be stored in a dumpster so that it can be quickly emptied without emptying 10 to 15 separategarbage cans. In addition storage of this much garbage is more sanitary in n single container with a single lid rather than a multitude of cans without lids, torn plastic bags, etc. etc. 4. Public Works Recommendation -- That we provide service to all existing customers including those with more than four dwelling units but that the maximum number of containers be reduced from 15 to 10. Those customers dropped will be advised to switch to commercial pick up. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES M0IIIES 4 F. MANDATORY SERVICE FOR CITY GARBAGE PICK UP I. Situation -- With the garbage charge at 394 a month everyone would choose to have service from the City rather than a private contractor. With the charge going up there may be a tendency to drop service or switch to private service. This will not be a concern in the next fiscal year since thecharge of $2.00 per month will still be well below what private enterprise can charge. 2. Council Tentative Decision -- None. 3. Additional Facts -- With the transient population in the community it is important that payment of residential solid waste service be mandatory. If it is discretionary there are igoing to be severe problems with garbage piling up and no one picking it up. 4. Public Works Recommendation -- That service by the City of Iowa Cit<. sewerbbill. Failure tory dtohat pa the will aesult in termination e Placed n�wof water service as is now the case. G. PICK UP OF WHITE GOODS (STOVE, REFRIGERATORS, ETC.) 1• Situation -- At the present time the City picks up white goods uponrequest. We provide this service only to customers normally picked up by the City. 2. Council Tentative Decision -- Perhaps pick up. to terminate white goods 3. Additional Facts -- In a transient community such as ours a real blight problem can exist from white goods. They get pushed in gullies, creeks, and other undesirable places. jj 4. Public Works Recommendation -- Definitely keep the white goods J year ick Lit ishwellthis worthritce does cost f from a public $15,000 must community do notin dcaretwhatyof thingselooknlike and Identthissseof We rvithe ce should be kept in effect so that residents desiring to get rid of this stuff can get rid of it. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIRES 5 SUMMARY Public Works Recommendations -- A. MAINTENANCE OF ALLEYS --That the City designate $10,000 of its normal maintenance fund for purchasing gravel in alleys. This will be spent at locations chosen by the Street Superintendent. --That property owners still be given the opportunity to purchase rock if they so desire. --That all City garbage trucks terminate travel through all alleys and that all refuse collection be at the curb side. B. GARBAGE PICKUP AT HOUSE --That all residents be required to place garbage at the public right-of-way. C. PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED --That we continue this policy subject to a doctor's certification and approval of the Street Solid Waste Superintendent. D. ALLEY VERSUS CURB GARBAGE PICKUP --That all garbage pick up be switched to the curb. E. SIZE OF APARTMENT HOUSE PICKED UP BY THE CITY --That we provide service to all existing customers including those with more than four dwelling units but that the maximum number of containers be reduced from 15 to 10. These customers will be advised to switch to commercial pick up. There is no point in completely eliminating all service to places with more than four units since we are running the streets anyway and there is a no problem if there are not too many containers. It would be highly inefficient from society's standpoint to have public garbage and private garbage collection leap -frogging each other all over town. F. MANDATORY SERVICE FOR CITY GARBAGE PICKUP --That service by the City of Iowa City be mandatory and that the charge be placed on the water and sewer bill. Failure to Pay will result in termination of water service as is now the case. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES 6 i G. PICKUP OF WHITE GOODS --Keep the white goods pick up. Unless Council advises otherwise each of these recommendations under Summary will be put into effect. In particular, conversion from alley pick up to curb pick up will be made immediately so that the existing policy of curb side pick up due to the snow emergency will be continued. jm5/1 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES NDINES 1 City o9 Iowa C( J Date: February 6, 1979 To: Neal Berlin and City Council %1 From: Dick Plastino, Director of Public Works?\` , Re: Pilot Recycling Project (aluminum and steel cans) On November 28, 1978, the City Council received information about the material collected and the revenues and expenditures for the recycling program. Council referred this to the Resource Conservation Commission. The Commission has recommended that the program be terminated. Public Works plans on terminating the program Monday, February 19, unless Council advises otherwise. Information will be given to resi- dents in the area summarizing the findings of the program and why it is being discontinued. cc: Craig Minter jm2/8 IIICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES 31 i 0 1 City of IOWA! Clity (`A MEMORANDUM Date: February 9, 1979 To: City Manager and City Council From: Hugh A. Mose, Transit Manager Re: Transit Route and Schedule Changes In response to the overwhelming demands being placed on'the transit system, we are proposing the following route and schedule changes. These alterations will inevitably inconvenience transit riders in certain areas, but the net effect on the overall system will be a Positive one. Several small changes have been made prior to seeking City Council approval. These are as follows: 1. Lakeside Route -- The downtown bus stop has been moved to a loca- tion west of Clinton Street. This change will shorten the time involved in leaving the downtown area by as much as five minutes. NI �� WA3,91 6ran $r. NNW froph 04bW 2 S70P ) V .�. 1401 /Qourf V CotcEGE sr. Q.,o Rburc _ ) BuRerNcroN J Sr. I MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES 3Q, 1 2 I f.r 2. N. Dubuque Route -- The route has been changed to take the bus off t✓ of Davenport Street. This narrow, brick -surfaced street has always been difficult to negotiate with a bus, and driving con- ditions this winter have made it even more so. � IJAVFNVORr ST. it --c of I MARwr Sr. -+ TEFFfRSoN ST. 1 3. W. Benton Route -- This route has been changed during the afternoon rush-hour. Trips leaving downtown at 5:00, S+30, and 6:00 will operate to Mark IV via Melrose Avenue, returning by the regular route. This arrangement will slightly inconvenience riders destined for Oakcrest Street and the Seville Apartments area, but no portion of the present route will be deleted. C, AhrodsE AVE Mir I W INeNrON St. / MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES fI01NC5 7�6 3 ( In addition to these minor adjustments, several more substantial changes 6 ✓ are proposed. These alterations will shorten the time required to operate the various routes. Unless directed otherwise, the transit system will institute these temporary changes as soon as possible. 1. Towncrest Route -- This route was lengthened slightly almost two years ago when the Muscatine -Court bridge was closed. The narrow streets the bus has been using ever since (Court, Oakland and Sheridan) have greatly slowed operations this winter. Because the bridge has only been reopened temporarily, we had intended to wait until Spring to return to our old route. Present operating condi- tions have made it imperative that we go back to the original route as soon as possible. A rush-hour "tripper" bus would continue some service along the present route. ,BURL/NG70N 57.\�p j N couwr S7. �i 2. Towncrest Route -- If the Towncrest Route returns to its old align- ment, this "tripper" bus should provide rush-hour service to the Court and Oakland Street area. This route is also proposed to take the place of the East Side Shuttle, which would be transformed into the East College extra bus. e 1 WMNINGYON 51. n = BuR�/N�roN Sr. Z e y I I Cour Sr• ,� SNfRIAAN A/ � I F ss. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES I 4 3. N. Dodge Route -- The No. Dodge schedule includes two trips to ACT and Westinghouse each morning and afternoon. The Westinghouse trips consistently carry 15-18 people, but only 2-3 people ride to ACT. Conversation with officials at ACT has revealed that the ACT -bound riders could possibly schedule their work so that they could utilize the earlier Westinghouse bus. Therefore it is proposed that only one morning trip and one afternoon trip be made north on Route 1 for the remainder of the winter; these trips will corres- pond to the work schedule at Westinghouse. 4. Manville Heights Route -- The bus through Manville Heights cur- rently operates around a large loop. The east end of the loop includes Grove Street, a very narrow roadway. During the summer a number of people are carried to City Park, but during the winter ridership to and from the east end of the route is generally light. It is proposed that the loop be shortened to Ferson Street for the remainder of the winter. PARK RD. ('� --► � Q GRavr SvJ '0 � + C R,veR ST. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DF.S 140111ES H 3 i 5 5. East College Route -- This route cannot be effectively shortened, but some scheduling relief can be achieved by rerouting a "tripper" bus to operate along the route both inbound and outbound. The tripper would serve the East College route as far east as City High. The regular bus would become an express to City High, stopping only at designated intersections (Gilbert, Governor, Muscatine, and Seventh). Once beyond City High it would resume every -corner stops. It is proposed that this tripper route replace the East Side Shuttle currently in operation. WASHINGTON I St. �� [ \ C1ulrIl Sk �. co�.T sr ByR4I1NOfON I ST. r4,. � —i — � '"1 �— S L�� r, ti 6. Mall Route -- The Mall -Rochester route -pair is simply too long to be operated on schedule during the rush-hour. To alleviate the situation, it is proposed that the Mall route be shortened during the rush hour. Instead of operating via Keokuk Street and Highland Avenue, the bus will go directly to the Mall on Lower Muscatine Road. An extra tripper bus would cover Highland Avenue and Keokuk Street during the times the Mall bus operates on Lower Muscatine, X1RKW01D An. r L Hi _AhFv Avg n 1� 30 ✓ M MAU MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES HOMES 6 7. Lakeside Route -- The extra "tripper" bus serving Highland Avenue j and Keokuk Street would also cover the inner portions of the Lakeside Route. The present Lakeside Express bus would be dis- continued, but patrons along Keokuk Street, Kirkwood Avenue and Clinton Street would be able to utilize the new tripper route were the regular Lakeside bus overcrowded. h Y UfRlf W00p YQv(, )C N/iNIANp ; Art f 3� y y The various changes proposed herein would be put into effect as soon as schedules can be written and the public sufficiently notified. They would remain in effect until the end of the Spring semester at the University. jm5/2 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RARIDS•DES MOInEs UAN16 00 ... .. ......... From the Editor Senior Centers—these words conjure up almost as many images as there are centers—for, in truth, we found in exploring the sub- ject that there are a myriad of places providing it variety of services. Some are located in converted churches and schools, others are multi- million dollar projects de- signed especially for the elderly. They raise their money through municipal bond issues, Federal fund- ing, and, yes bake sales. They serve everyone from upper-class chic to "baggie ladies." They are found in inner-city ghettos, back country roads, and subur- ban neighborhoods. Some have thirty members, others many thou- sands. Senior Centers serve a variety of needs and tastes. They range from the small rural drop-in center, which is open three days a week, to the comprehensive multi- purpose center which offers daily lunch programs, trans- portation, health screening, lectures, college courses, information and referral, counseling, and, of course, companionship. In fact, we found that companionship can be the most important ingredient of all. It often results in an informal help network in which new-found friends take a real interest in each other not only at the center but outside it. It can give the newly widowed the courage and know-how to do those things he or she never did before like learning to cook or drive a car, and it can provide those on the pe- riphery of society a chance to be accepted, to learn that staff and members really do care and are willing to help. MICROFILMED By JORM MICROLAB ,',[DAR RAPMD .• )J1,, rinpif W. 0�701640 R 2 The Hoye and Why of Senior Centers 32 "Tennessee Centers Provide tite Base for Service Delivery 7 Aging Interviews Threc Pioneers in the Senior Center Movement 37 One "Little House" Grows Into a Multipurpose Center 16 Women in Crisis: Centers Can Sometimes Make the Difherence 41 The Story of Hudson Guild 18 Multipurpose Centers in a 44 Course Calendar Rural County 45 Conference Calendar 21 Senior Centers and Health Care 46 Jews Notes 25 Baltimore Center Opens Its Doors to Nursing Home Residents 48 News of Federal Agencies 27 The Neighborhood Family ► r ,� ll I tIICROFILRED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS.ul.l. "DINES Nos. 283-284 May -June 1978 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION AND WELFARE ADMINISTRATION ON AGING AGING Robert Benedict COMMISSIONER Donald D. Smith DIRECTOR. NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON AGING June B. Faris EDITOR Patricia Rowe EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Karen Battle STAFF ASSISTANT 1 2 AGING The How and Why of Senior Centers By Donald Kent When Mrs. Hooper developed a sharp pain in her back last winter, the 77 -year-old widow decided to see a doctor. Since she had no physician of her own, a young neighbor, who worked as a volunteer in the local senior center, suggested going there, where Mrs. Hoopercould have a general health screening without an appointment and at no cost. Mrs. Hooper had never been inside the center although she had gone past it on a bus several times. Since its completion a few years before, it had become a city landmark. The red brick and glass building, whose rugged tower dominated the local skyline, spanned most of a city block in a downtown arca that was rapidly renovating. The doctor who performed the screening (diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and other tests, including a careful examination of the painful back) found nothing seriously wrong. Mrs. Hooper's lower back problem would probably improve in a few sessions with the center's physiotherapist and some moderateexercisc, the physician said. When Mrs. Hooper fell some- what better, the therapist helped her enroll in a special physical fitness course meeting three mornings a week. Then one thing led to another. After morning exercises Mrs. Hooper looked intoa needlework group. A staff "enabler" got her interested in embroidery again and she tried her hand at crewel, which was newto her. Then olherwomen in the sewing group suggested slaying for lunch at the center, a Title VII nutrition site. That not only solved Mrs. Hooper's noonday meal problem but kept her at the center for the main event in the afternoon program—the one o'clock concert, film, or lecture. That day the performer was a young Polish -American folk dance group. On succeeding days there would be a pianist, guitarist, wildlife films, and a discussion with r several city councilmen. On Mondays, a live combo played and since there were never quite enough male partners to go round some of the women danced together. Mrs. Hooper had grown less outgoing over the years and was never much of a dancer. She felt many of the center's programs were not for her, but she was reassured to sec how much help she could find there if she needed it—a consumer counselor who might have solved her complaint against a television repair man last year; a dentist who did denture repairs or fillings almost immediately; an optometry service and podia- trist; a staff member who organized bus tours to parks, museums, and ball games; an insurance expert, legal counselor, representatives for the Food Stamp and social security programs, and—if she should ever need then—mental health services and special assistance for the deaf and blind. Mrs. Hooper's life became more active than it had been for many years and her outlook was brighter. Her new perspective stimulated her long -dormant desire for organized study. Al- though she had never finished high school and had not entered a classroom forWycars, she had always enjoyed reading and learning about the way her city and country had grown and evolved since her childhood, and she loved contacts with nature. The courses at the center were varied enough to fit with her life-long interests—local history, "ecology and you." a program called self-discovery through the humanities, weight control, poetry, several foreign languages, music appreciation, and a variety of creative skills courses such as painting, ceramics, and jewelry making. In the course of fcw months, the senior center experience became it strong new influence in Mrs. Hooper's life. She found there what .Joyce MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DCS 1101BES Leanse, director of the National Institute of Senior Centers, says centers arc uniquely qualified to give --"(he help older people need in continuing their personal growth and maintain- ing a viable life style." It happened to Mrs. Hooper at the Waxier Center for Senior Citizens in Baltimore, but for more than three decades older Americans have been finding the same type of stimulation at senior centers largetmd small across the country. Who Uses Senior Centers and Why Jean Fisher, director of the Philadelphia Center for Older people, one of America's first central -city, multi -service centers and a model for many of the centers developed during the past three decades, says, "I wish we could gel anthropologists to write books about senior centers. We need people with Margaret Mcad's social and community sensitivities to observe and understand the new communities being formed in the centers. "Members are using the senior centers as their community. They come in when they know their friends will be there, to share conversation and meals. Then they call each other up at night on the phone. And when an emergency occurs, it's the friend from the center who is often the first to get to the home or hospital and provide the backup support, the undercurrent of communi- cation, which others may get from family and neighbors. For many older people here their friends from the senior center have become family, neighbors, and community." Such loyally and support goes not only to each other but to the senior center itself, Mrs. Fisher says. Members raise funds to pay off the center's mortgage, chipping away in sums of $50 to $400 from sales, parties, and benefit activities. Joyce Leanse has observed in her study of thousands of senior centers that "while data show that many older persons arc attracted [oil facility where services and activities are availa- blc, the fact of the facility itself and the opportunity it creates for bringing people together appear to be the most compelling." Mrs. Leanse says, "Participants view the senior centers .as a program of services and activities and also as a place to go, to place to gather for fricndshipand fellowship, ora place to sit, observe, and just be near other people." In a broad survey in 1974, Mrs. Leanse found that more th;m 25 percent of those intervicwed al centers attended daily but few had participated in any specific services or activities during the week or even the month in which they were interviewed. Otherstudics have pointed out that this type of socializing is not for everyone. A typical comment is, "I just go to the center for bridge lessons. I don't need it foranything else .... I'm not ready for it yet." Others reject the idea of associating primarily with their age peers. saying, "It makes you feel old to associate with old people only." Still other older people may be perfectly content to reduce their activities and fall into more and more sedentary habits. These comments and findings were among many received in a Cleveland, Ohio survey a decade ago in connection with a comprehensive senior center there. The major deterrents to senior center membership were competing activities and interests, and feelings of ambival- ence toward exclusive association with older people. 'file study by Dr. .lames E. Trela of the Cleveland Vocational Center and Leo W. Simmons of Case -Western Reserve University noted that, "For those isolated from meaningful social opportunities and detached from suppor- tive relations, age -graded social clubs may provide relief from a vortex of loneliness, while for those active in a variety of roles such groups may offer little attraction. The study concluded that the strongest incentive to membership in senior centers may lie in program offerings which manifestly meet the various needs of individual members. A Stanford University study indicates that those attending Little House in Menlo Park, Calif., one of the earliest and most successful seniorcenters,arelong-term extroverts. Manyof the people who need socializing most won't go to senior centers. Surveys by the Senior Centers Institute, however, tend to refute the Stanford findings. While users may include it somewhat higher proportion of relatively active older people than is to be found among nonusers, no evidence suggests that it large majority of users are outgoing joiners and doers. On the contrary, the NISC surveys suggest that at least it sizeable minority of users arc not typically outgoing people. More than five million older Americans, from GO to 95 years of age (about one-quarter are 75 or older), are members and participants in the country's more than 5,000 senior centers, accord- ing to the National Institute of Senior Centers. More than half of the participants live alone compared with one-third of the general elderly population who live alone. They come from all economic backgrounds. Among those who attended, 47 percent were blue MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES lloltIES AGING 3 4 AGING collar workers, 16 percent, white collar workers and 16 percent, professionals. according to tit Institute. In any given two-week period, about six Percent of all older Americans attend a senior center, according to data collecled for talc Institute by Louis Harris & Associates, and about 18 percent have attended a senior center "recently." Another 18 percent would like to attend a center. The most frequent reason Ihev do not is that no facility is ;available. Where the Money Comes Front Ever -greater sums of money. energy. and community commitment are going into senior centers today. Yearly budgets for operation, expansion, and construction of senior centers may amount to over 5300 million. Until the decade of the 60's local :Ind Suite funds—private aild public—provided for the bulk of building ;Ind operating expenses. Civic lenders ;rad politicians love senior centers because they are visual proof of whal a community is doing for its older citizens. Such lenders can point to the centersand count offthc services they provide and the number of persons engaged. With passage of the Older Americans Act of 1965, the Federal government begun plaving a constantly expanding role in funding center services and facilities. In the 1977 fiscal year. Tile V of the Older Americans Act provided S40 million for build- ing, altering, or renovating facilities to serve ns multi-purpose senior centers, while Title VII nutrition funds were the major financial source for meals served in senior centers. Many of the coordinated, comprehensive services provided by senior centers (transportation. outreach. home services, information ;rad referral) are funded under Tile 111 of the Older Americans Act, and Titie IV continues to he a valuable source of funds for training center staff to assist older persons. The most important change brought;thout by the Older Americans Am however. m; v, have been the efforts to channel ether hederal funding sources to meet the programming and service needs of senior centers. Many senior centers now receive vital sources of funding from the Federal General RevenucSha ring programl.block guutts under the Conununily Dcvclopmcnl Act of 1974 and Title XX (Social Services) of the Social Sccurilv Act. "These funds havr become very important to Its." sa,vs.lc ll Pasha of the I'll ihadelphia Center. "but their nl:nxhucs sometimes seriously inhibit its in running our centers. "For example, it's terribly hard to tell n nice e old person he or site can't carry away uneaten food in ;r doggie Mag I)CMUNC of Federal x restrictions applying to nutrition sites," Mrs. Fisher says. "It needlessly hurnilintes the people involved, no matter whm the hculth-guided intent of the regulation is. 'file government should Icave us freer, not inhibit us. "I wish the Administration on Aging would send ()ill questionnaires in which we could tell about the problems we run into with the mandates oft lie different Federal prograuns."she continues. "Nobody wunts a heuvvhandcd Federal uniformity imposed in senior centers." In Philadelphia and m;nyotherareas, United Way—which raises voluntary contributions in the community—has long been a major source of senior center funding. Other voluntary groups include the Notional Com,cil nf.lewish 1%'omen. church groups,.lunior League, and serviceclubs. Foundations ;Ind trust funds also have mad, important grants to some centers. City governments have also floated special bond issues for senior centers. Baltimore's 53.8 million bond issue for the Waxier Center is an example. Many Slates recently provided funds for center operations and construction. Wisconsin has appropriated $2 million for fiacilitics, sull', and programming, while Tennessee has provided SI million for staffing ;rad the operation of ongoing senior centers and csaablished a goal of al least one multi-purpose senior center in each of its 95 counties. In Hawaii the legislature authorized 51.5 million for construction of senior centers, and the IfuWaii Stale Senior Center in Honolulu receives more than S IIIB.O(1l) ;a year in Slate funds focal program which reaches 9.000 elderly ILnvaiians. In the 1978 Iiscal -year. West Virginia has allocated $350.000 in Revenue Sharing funds for construction, renovation, ;Ind ;requisition of senior center facilities. The Governors request loran additional $1.3 million of revenue sharing funds for the x;une purpose is nosv before the legislature. During the 1977 liscal year, New York Staic appropriated SI.7 million for senior center operations, and New Ilnnlp.shhe. \'evada. hlorida. \lassachuscus, ;rad Pennsylvania arc among many other States (;,king legislative action to fund ;and strengthen senior centers. Three Mendes of Progress During more than titre, decades of existence, the concept of what senior centers can he and Should do hats evolved. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES I101nES Until the first senior center wits founded in New York City in 1943, the onlyspecial services directed to older people were homes for Iheaged and Old Age Assistance. What was to hecomc the Hodson Community Center grew out of a clear need for it center where people could meet and associate on a neighborhood basis. Soon services for theeiderlywere introduced, especial- ly those needed to maintain the elderly in the community. Over the years, this focus on multiple needs of older adults increased. Two early West Coast centers which were the prototypes for many centers around thecountre. emphasized education and recreation more than was the cescat New York's Hodson Center. 'Ilie San Francisco Senior Center, created in 1947. developed out of the combined efforts of the United Community Fund, the American Wom- im Volunteer Services, and the grassroots efforts of many older San Franciscans who recognized the need. The city's Parks and Recreation department granted use of :t large building near Fisherman's Wharf for tile group's activities. The clientele was as mixed and v:uried as the population of tine city itself. "rhe Little House in Menlo Park, a primarily white-collar middle class conununity. has had from the start an exceptionally high degree of mcmher participation in planning and carrying out its programs. Members not only planned their own programs but hecame actively in- volved in projects of benefit to the conununity. With regard to counseling members, Liule House saw itself as a referral agency --not equipped to provide certain services directly hill ready to give complete advice on where to turn for aid. In the late 1940's the Philadelphia Center for Older People also hecamc it model ol'a centrally located citywide facility which tries lit sent the total needs of older persons. 1'afferns and Structures Since the decade of the 40's the grassroots development of senior centers has produced countless variations on several main themes: • The now -familiar multipurpose senior center with a broad spectrum of health, social. educational. and recreational activities :tad services in it central I'acilitY. • The network composed of a single center With multiple NaICIHICS or branches operating at the neighborhood level, • Multicenter systems. linking more or less equal facilities. • Centerslinkedsvilhclubprograunsthrough- oul the community. If organizational patterns and structures vary almost ad infinitum, the mix of services oll'ered Its, the 5.000 or more senior centers is hardly more st:mdard. Slightly more than half of the centers responding to a 1974 survey by the National Institute of Senior Centers underan Administra- tion on Aging grant rated themselves as "multi- purpose centers:' In most cases, this meant they provide three or more types of services, such as transportation, education, information and referral, counseling, medical help and others. One of the unexpected findings was that nearly half of the self-identilied multi-purpose centers provide health services. The publication last ,luly or Iif:W;s' final regulations on grants for acquiring, altering, or renovating multi-purpose center facilities was broadly perceived as a sign of renewed and increased Federal interest in senior centers. In order to assure that -ride V monies go In multi-purpose center facilities which are inle- gr:ued with the comprehensive and coordin:ded service systems under Titles III and VII of the Older Americans Act, the Administration nn Aging gives priority to applications front State agencies on aging in awarding funds. Title V defines the multi-purpose senior center as it community facility for the organization and provision of a broad spectrum of services for older persons, including health, social and educational services, and facilities for recreation activities. But it docs not give a detailed description of distinguishing characteristics ofa multi-purpose senior center. If EW officials concerned with aging programs see the desirable and distinguishing characteris- tics in four main arras: group services :and activities, individual services. the accessihility of center sites both geographically ;and in the sense of accommodating the handicapped and dis- abled, and relationships with other public and private agencies. Group services, in this view, should include recreation for physical health and socialization. a variety ofeduea don opportunities, opporluni- tics for sharing information, mutual concern sessions which strengthen natural support mechmlisms. congregate mals. and social Dents. Individual services would normally include counseling and referral in such:reaz as housing. employment, :in(] bcnelil cnlitlenncnls: outreach programs and visiting homebound persons: heatllh services which incltide screen ing, rehabili- union. maintenance. and restoration services aimed at maintaining independence: home- flICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES IiOIRES AGING, 5 delivered mads; protective services including supportive and crisis services; and day care services which enable physically or emotionally impaired older persons to participate in the center. Program access considerations focus on such aspects its the number of days in operation (at least live days and one evening a week seems to be an expected minimum), community visibility of the facility. adequate sirs and physical facilities relative to the needs of participants, and accessibility for the handicapped; appropriate assistance to the deaf. blind. and non-English speaking participants; and transportation and escort services for participants who need them. In regard to their relationship with community services, multipurpose centers should provide opportunities for other public and private agencies in the community to deliver services in the center and become a part of its service program. There should be opportunities for participants to become involved in the decision- making process of the center and encouragement to take part in the local. State, and national democratic process. Whom Should They Serve While most senior centers welcome increased Federal funding, not all are pleased with the accompanying mandates which lend to cmpha- size graver attention to the most frail and vulnerable elderly. Some feel that since resources arc limited, those most in need should be served first. Others, however, point out that if the 75 percent of older persons who are less vulnerable arc neglected, centers will soon be used almost exclusively by those groups most urgently needing help, thus limiting the positive self-help aspects of facilities i which can only operate when the physically or socially active elderly are mixed with the not -so - well and less socially aware older person. "We want to include the frail but we do not want to lose the people who haven the lump and • give joie de vivre to everyone in the center." says one center director. In efforts to help the thousands of diverse senior centers to see their own operations more clearly and carry them out more successfully, the National Institute of Senior Centers has been devising standards for evaluating centers. They may help senior center slat %evaluate their work periodically and determine such points as: • Is the program meeting the needs and interests of the participants! to Arc resources (staff, funds, facilities) being i 6 AGING used in the most efficient and effective manner! • Has the center reached its goads! • Are individual services and activities ac- complishing their objectives! • Whitt is the cost of it particular activity or service? In what may he it significant new trend, some schools are being converted to senior centers. In Nashville, Tennessee, the Knowles Senior Center is it converted elementary school. In Sheboygan, Wisconsin, the second floor of a high school shelters it senior center. In Hawaii, the Kaunoa School become the first senior center on Maui. In Montgomery County, Maryland, part of an elementary school has been converted to asenior citizen day care center, with the remainder used for recreation department offices. Each of the thousands of centers located across the country is unique and distinct, yet, as Leon Woolf. director of Baltimore's Waxlcr Center says, "The joy of them is that almost everything we do in this new building can be done in a store -front operation or almost any, other site." Jean Fisher, in Philadelphia, says, "We've accomplished so much in seniorcenters. Nowwe should look at their roots. Sec what they have in common. And see what new directions to take, wherever they're not getting down to living people." Don Kent, who writes on medical and social subjects, has been a frequent contributor to NEIL publications•.Ilej'onrterlJ,directedAtneri- c•am cultural and information centra in Franre. Ethiopia, and Zaire. Correction In the Jan. -Fell. article, "Texas Tightens Laws Regulating Nursing Homes;' which appeared in Aging, it Senate investigation was credited with helping to bring about important new reforms regulating nursing homes. The particular investigation referred to was conducted at the request of Rep. Claude Pepper, Chairman of the House Select Committee on Aging, under the guidance of the Committee's Chief Investigator, David Holton. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 6101NES Aging Interviews Three Pioneers in the Senior Center Movement Aging interviews Freida Gorrecht, Mickey Allardice and Jean Fisher AGING: Do you think if a center is going to be multi-purpose it should have certain basic services available there? And if so, what should those services be? MS. GORRECHT: First of all, I think there ought to be adequate pro- vision for belonging to a group which is the center group, which then has different facets. 1 think there ought to be recreation and socialization. I think that is the basis on which things are built. There ought to be decent education- al opportunities and I'm talking about how we fought for years to get the community colleges and the universi- ties to admit that they could do adult education in centers. They didn't have to go to a classroom. They didn't have to have 25 to a class. We have people getting their high school diploma for the first time. We have people learning languages. One of the most popular classes is on human sexuality. Thirty- five years ago, who would have thought anybody would even sign up for that? But it's a different day, you know and the centers have come along with the times. They're "how-to" classes, How to be aggressive, how to be assertive, how to make something, There arc all kinds of education. The problem we have right now is that some educators are trying to tell us, and tell older adults, what educa- tion is. And we say it's what we decide it is for ourselves. But here, again, the problem is funding. If they tell us what *Ala. Correchl has been involved with se»iorcenters for sonic JO years. .She is N.xecthtinr' Director of the Walter I'. Reuther Senior Centers, hhc. of Detroit, Alich., fast Chairperson of the National Institute of Senior Centers Delegate Council, and a member of the National Council on the;lgiu,g Board of Directors. •Ats. Allardice is Dirraor of zhlhll Service Centers, Ince of Detroit, Aliedh., a member of the National Council on the. Aging. Board of Directors, and Chairperson of the NCOA Board Conine jilee on ter 11 unrmlit ies. 'ills. Fisher, mho had been working with senior centers for soon, three decades, is Executive Director of the Philadelphia Cenlrrfor older Proplr, I'hiladrlphia, Pa. it is and that's all you get money for, we've got a problem. So, l think it has to have that educational component. I think we have to have opportuni- ties in the center for leadership devel- opment, a real opportunity for seniors to be decision -makers. I think they ought to be on boards and have a real role in deciding what is and is not in that center and evaluating what they have. There have to be some kinds of health services. One of the most i MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES nolnES important to me is health screening. We know that the whole idea of older people and health is that they only go to the doctor when they get sick, because it costs so much. So we need health screening and now we have it in our centers. We have to insist that the public health departments take on that responsibility through whatever mech- anisms of support they can generate, and they ought to have education in health classes. They should be helped to get examinations and health screen- ing to take care of things before they get to be crises. We also need legal services. Our people have their rights exploited all the time. They cannot afford legal serv- ices. Legal services have to be sys- tematic and dependable. I think that we need congregate eating. By the way, most of us had congregate meals before we ever had Title VII. It was in the centers that we began to perceive that people who lived alone and ate alone didn't cal very well. And 1 have been a little concerned about the view of Title V I I as a feeding program for the poor concept that we've gotten in too many communities. AGING: Well, 'title vii was not intended nor is it intended to be that kind of it program. MS. GORRECHT: Then, I think there ought to be opportunities for people to develop community inter - 1 ests. Someof our most successful work is done with pcopfe who no longer come to our center, but when they needed its. they used its and then they found other ways to live. Our expert- encc has been, since 1953, however, as they get older, less mobile, more restricted, have crisis situations-- they come back in. They;dso need to be given opportu- nities to do volunteer work to learn that This isa way of livin@ that has good compensations to it, in terms of' good health, good mental health, and so forth, and then they can be helped to do it. the other things centers need to have is opportunities for community action. We provide this in our centers and always have. First of all. you have to know wlut it is yoti rc talking about, so that you have to shape up this kind of program within the center to haveaun education- al input. so you can learn what redlining is, if thal's what you're interested incorrecting.so you'll know what social security changes are all abort, if you want to make an impact, so that you caul speak with knowledge. So. it's an educational process. as well. I think it is most important to help people operate in ;a group for impact. which is sometimes as simple as making sure that they all have transportation to get there if there's it hearing, and if they get there, that is is barrier -free, or there's a way for them to walk if they have a cane or wheelchair or are blind. They need ;in opportunity to learn how to focus on some issues and stick with it and make it effective. AGING: What do you feel about emphasizing senior center services and activities for low-income, frail and vulnerable elderly. rather than. say. the more acti e older person! Un you think this is good or not so good" MS. GORRECHT: I do not think that the United Stales is taking it very liberal view of wharf its obligation is to older people. I think older, well put - together people who want to conic together in groups and have this kind of it life havens much right for t he tax - supported dollar as the disadvantaged. It so happens, in our centers, we do serve poor people. We serve what has been coined as the "frail elderly." We never use that word. We call it our people who have, unfortunately, been handicapped in some way oranother. We have a whole program under Title XX that needs more money put into it. But we think it's important that those people come to the center, not as medically indigent persons or medically deficient persons, but as people who need some extra help like a special van to get them there. I've been rather disturbed at this big thing on this day care model, which is medical model. We've been dealing with these kinds of people for years and never called it that. Right now, in each of our centers, we have an occupational therapist with several CETA aides and handicapped older people are brought into our center regularly. We did ;r pilot project several years ago and we could only accommodate blind older people because our buildings weren't barrier - free. We experimented with what would happen to blind older people if we brought them into a center where almost everybody is sighted. Now, it happens that many of our clients became blind gradually as they were with us. They were there, anyway, and we just took different care of them. What we did find was that in bringing many non -sighted people here who often had other things wrong with them, our staff as constituted, couldn't manage it. because these people did need extra things. Many of them had no social skills, for instance, and they couldn't relate to other groups. We had to get special equip- ment, like big cards, dot some ofthenr could sec. We trained our sighted people to be aides and they did it on ar voluntary basis. They took people to the bathrooms. They helped them through the lunchline. They did all kinds of things. But we realized that in order to do ;r good job, we needed more money and more staff and the next time the proposal was written up, FA MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES Mottos it included all kinds of frail elderly and there was it limit on how many of them we could take and we demanded specialized transportation and extra help. We have seen the progression these people have made from a kind of a sheltered group into the center, so that they're in there, involved with lots of other things. They became officers of the center, many of them, blind people. They participated in things they never had participated in before. AGING: Do you think you need facilities, physical facilities, designed Specifically for the elderly, or do you sec a senior center being in a commu- nity center, where there's an age mix and where. perhaps. young and old would have;m opportunity to help one ;mother and to mingle? MS.GORRECIIT: Tlmt'sallwedo have in Detroit. But. I don't want to say I find it successful. It has problems. They till have problems. AGING: Would you tell me some of the pros and coati! MS. GORRI:CHT:In the first place, public recreation buildings weren't built for older people. Su, that's the first problem. So, you*%c got an access problem. In Detroit, right now, we're going through a rad problem. because the centers in public recreation buildings which have been there for wars have gotten money to improve public access bill not completely. and Title V can't be used for those buildings, because they're used for all age groups. So. we're very angry. AGING: You really would like as see 'Title V funding used for centers which sercc all age groups! MS. GOR ItEC,IIT: 'Platt's right. because here you hate a city that has operated senior centers hefnle other cities, and it teas always un the basis. by the way. of mingling public funds and private funds. Thais the way we've ahvays operated. In our own agency, the Union gives money, the i United Foundation gives money, and the city gives buildings, and janitor service, and light. But all of a sudden we need more access to it, we need an elevator in one building, we need an air conditioner, and there is no way that building can have those things put in it only for older people. In other words. it's a building that is literally shared. And with the present rules and regulations, there's no way we can get Title V money. We've got to do something about this. There are other communities which did not operate on this philosophy. They'd buy a little building here for a center and it little building there. That's a whole different cup of lea. We don't want these kinds of restrictive rules and regulations. I would say that there are values to multi-purpose buildings and there are headaches. We operate all year lung. Some of the headaches are that ordinarily kids arc in school only until 3 o'clock. which means we leave at 3 o'clock. It means we can't have 7 -day a week programming. which I happen to think we ought to have. II also meatus that in the summer we've got a problem. because the kids are there. it's not that the kids area problem so much as ( here just isn'(sullicienl space. AGING: We've been talking of mixing the frail or less active elderly and Ilse active elderly mud older people and younger people. [lute tlo older people Ihemsches react to other older people front various ethnic groups or from different social and economic groups! Do they react %cell together or do they tend to isolate then selves within the center. so that they form little groups! MS. GORRCC'MT: I think that depends on the conteand how the center sees iIse ll. in teals of a place fur people. One of the accusations we had earl' in thedevelopme t of centers%vas that they were all white and this was true. Our society %%;u ;a rcllection of segregation. 'I here's nn question about it. But as neighborhoods changed, this began to change. Also, centers began to sec that they hada public ohlipation ht sewer all people. 'Ihis is, again, heron• civil rights. And this was dillicult. I rc- member the programs we did on the open door policy. tine subtle kind of discrimination that took place. when a person whowasdil%rent cone intuthe center and they didn't get treated as well, by the informal groupings. which is what's important to them. not the stall. This was a problem that we labored with for years. I think we licked it when we decided that as a responsible com- munity group, oll'cring services to older people, we had to say. "It's fur everybody and that's what we mean... But ever hodv has a freedom of choice, and if you don*t like it. you don't have Income. It's dillicult to say to people." This belongs toeccryhody Freida Gorrecht and if you call'[ lite with that, you'll have to sort voursell' out:' Many white people left the centers. Many white people just really couldn't take I. Sono of them came back, by the way, and I think, with the associa- tion, ssocimtion, have come great things. one of the most interesting things I saw happening was in a preventative mental health group called "Know Yourself;' which we gut involved with at Oakland Universily. That group gave black and white people a chance to sit down and examine their feelings together about each other. Real relationships were built up, and as we did this with more and name groups. they began to taken look at themselves as people. just as a man and woman. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES M011JES A(il aN(;: Do you cncouragc• people to take on roles or do you generally ask for volunteers'! \IS. G0RR[C'll'1 : I think we do both. Onc of the roles of the worker k to know you. to know that nlayhc vote re ready now and need to step into an activity. With a little encourage - stent. eau will. 'Phis isn't always done M• the stall'. I may say to you. as a ntcntber. "Don't you think Angic could really do that joh on yourconuniuec! Wit\, don't you ask het •!" And very often, its the other w;ry around. It's the worker till(, is approached and someone on it conn- mitlee will say. "Hey. did you notice Angie! Nlayhe site*(] come on my committee. \\'h:ll do you think.,'. "fhm's a good idea. Ask her. And tell her I thought that she could do this:' This kind of mutual help and support and knowledge about each other. to know that you might not he ready this week. but you might nest week is very important. Learning is a progressicc thing and older people can learn lots of things. most anylting they set their minds to. One of the things I became arcate of carly in my career in centers, because of this generation that I a'as dealing with, was that many women didn't know how to drive cars. Their hus- hands drove cars, and in our city. driving a car is rather important because of the kind of bus service we have. Then the husband would dieand his wife would come to the center and one of the things that I sate happening was that the other women were encouraging 65 or 70 -year-old women to get their driver's license and they did. If I had talked to them about that. it would not have been very useful, but they did it. And women learned to take care of bank accounts for the first time. They learned to drive cars. They learned to make other kinds of decisions that all their married life they had not madeand theydid this because they had other women who had successfully been through (his kind of adventure and they were convinced that Iltev could do it. AGING: what do you think of the possibility of introducing nursing home patients intn senior comers. at leas[ on a part-time basis! Oo vuu think [his is feasible? Oo von think smite of them could he returned to the community if [hey were given that op. portrnity to stretch themselves and to grow again! MS. GORR[CIiT: Several years ago,just before I Icfl the seniurcenter. we had an evaluation done of the senior center and we were situated geognrphicaliy on it street called the Boulevard, which had old, big homes on it, and those old. big homes had turned into nursing homes, so that the popular name of the street was Nursing Home Row. ']'here we were. siting in the middle mf Nursing ]'lone Row. I started a project which then was followed up and progressed later to hire workers to go into the nursing homes on a contract basis. We would start some socialization programs and also try to work out where [he nursing home personnel would he reponsihlc for bringing nursing home patients to the center. There's still a little bit of that program left, where they're paying for it tlenoselves. I would say we rat into problems with this, one mf the problems being, the nursing home had to agree to provide the looney for the st if Io do this, because Ilie re inti t that kind of staff in the center to bring Patients in station wngonsand so forth and some mf them are on crutches. Rill I have not seen nursing homes running to the front door to do this. I think, in any senior center, where You have it diveesity of programs. Whether it's handicapped people. released mental patients, nursing (tome people, coming into the center. it flits to he carefully figured so that the wcHelderlyaren t shovedon.'I-hal it is truly a mixture and there is common sense about hove much of each of these ingredients you put in and still have it good group. : AGING: Well. we know that a certain percentage -I think it's about 15 percent of niltxing home patients if they were given supportive services. would not need to be in nursing homes in [lie first place. So, it seems to me that the senior center might just upon Ilse door to enable them to find sunoeune that [hey could live with, to share :aro apartment with, and then they could possibly live in the community again. MS. GORRUX1I F:. people can get Oil[ of nursing homes. Now. what von need to have is [lie linkages into serv- ice. Someone in the nursing home who helps that person get uta of the nursing home and find those conununity resources. 'I here's where we've gut a problem. We don't have ;urybmdy doing (hill. AGING: well, this is ,If, the topic, but what would you think of our health care system being revamped so that nursing homes were paid tat make Jean Fisher People well, rather than being paid more for those patients who are bedridden? MS. GORRI?C'll.l': well, as Chair- man of [lie National Coalition for Nursing Ilonoe Reform and as C'hair- nuuo mf Citizens for Better Care in Michigan. which is a consumer group. 65 percent of whom a re Nell iorciIizens, this is what 1'111 dedicated to, we need a Complete overhaul of the hcallh care system. in tams of long-term care. in terms of home health care We are now spending loo nmch money on instino- "nnilized older people who could he helped to he other places, hill until floc various federal gm ernmenl officials and file various bureaucrats really insist upon change. and reallytake [his whole fragnlenled health rare system FIICROPILRED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIRES apart and pill it together again, there isn't any hope. You'tc not going to change anything significantly will, the hand -aids [hal are being proposed. ill my opinion. A" IN .. Nut it would benefit the nursing home patient, and certainly the taxpayer, In pay for rehabilitative. rather than maintenance, health care. NIS. GORRECHT: Right. and we're not putting our money into pre- ventative health care. and we're not putting it into rehabilitation, in my opinion, to ally significant degree. We're spending a [tell of a lot of money, but (Lal isn't what's coming out of it. For instance, a ye;rand a half ago. the State Deparunenl of Social Services decided or the legislatures decided, that they were going to ctrl way back on the budget of chore serv- ices which, in our state, means hone help services. We panicked. The people that we had in our Restore program couldn't operate freely if they didn't have those home health services. It meant they'd have to go loan institution. You know. on [he one hand, we're talking about dealing with the frail elderly ina more humane way and on the other, we're taking the props out from under them. Now, what did we do! We got them organized, we demanded public hear- ings and we raised such a stink, that the legislators really couldn't stand the heal and put the thing back in and none of them lost their home help. But this threatens them every year. They shouldn't have logo through this in my opinion. But the fact is, you can't have them out in the community without certain kinds of supports and those cost money, but we don't have the lobbyists for the supports that the institutions have. One of the richest lobbyists in the country is the nursing home lobby, both o t the state level and at the national level. And so, il'sa little hard to deal with this kind of thing. I think, you know that I'm hoping that the government itself begins to look al the reality of it, rather than listening to the lobbyists and if they really ire interested in revamping the health care system, they'd better get started. AGING: What do you Think ahoul having, for insumce, people frrnn lire fond stamp ollice or Ills social securily office, coming to various centers, like the old circuit rider judges :' MS. GOR RI:CIIT: %%'c'%e had that for years. The social security field - worker has it regular lime that he conics to the center. 'I hen he sitsdown Willi two, three, live, or len people who want to discuss sonic issues. lis ahvays been my contention that the general staff ought not to deal with those kinds of things.'I'hey don't understand them. AGING: What do you do in a case where an older person conics in and they need expensive dental Work and their Medicare won't cover it, but they're not indigent, so Medicaid won't take care of it either. MS. GORRI?CIIT: This is called "creative social work:' in my opinion. and we do many things. Firs(ofall, the workers in the center. With training and experience. know where you can pick up services. For instance. we have a university dental school in our town. A Ira of our people can be taken into the school because they have students who, under the direction of their professors, do that kind of dental work. There arc occasions when staff people will pay for something out of their own pocket. This is true with welfare workers, too, when there's no way to meet the particular problem. Sometimes you do bend rules. Sometimes it's a question of working the system, loo. It's amazing to me the number of things than really can be done if you know that system. You can get all kinds of things coming through. while another worker, who doesn't know the system, has a dickens of a time. But I think the emphasis has to he that here is a community with all these kinds of resources. Vou'ee cot to know whal they are and how to Ilse them for the center member. And to teach the center members how to work a little for themselves. That's another part of it. AGING: Do you feel that thus Isar. senior centers have [ended In serve the more extraverted. more sociallvaivarc i or more politically aware activc older person. as opposed to the num isolat- ed? MS. ALLARDICG: Probable, yes. It's ahvays harder Ili turn sonichodv away when they're there at your door Than it is to find the time and funding to reach out to the less able. But certainly. I think if ant' agency has a good policy board :and stuff.lhat make the ellorl to provide both kinds of serv- ices, it can he alone. ),oil can have outreach, you can provide for the Physically handicapped. We have special programs in our centers, bringing in physically handi- capped, including wheelchair people. We have had it program that started, oh, about 12 years ago, with Title III funds, reaching out to people in nursing homes. For those who couldn't conic to the program, we took it to them and we are still providing that service under contract with nursing homes. for instance. AGING: Did you find in working Willi nursing home patients that any of them are able to return to the commu- nity, as a result of these center func- tions! MS. ALLARDICf: I'm not sure. I think that's hard to answer, in that the criteria for living in nursing homes has changed drastically, including Federal requirements. Medicare, and Stale requirements. so that when Wesrar(ed, there were no activity directors, there were nn social service workers in MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES IIOIIIES nursing homes. They were often housing people who were not very ill and now we have assessment of skilled and basic care. That has changed our effect or at least the ability to dcter- mine that effect. I would say it made life better for the people that lived there because although they were physically unable to leave the nursing home, at least they became more active, more involved. I remember in one of the research projects, people who responded said that the Ionclics( were people living in nursing homes, with it whole lot of other people around them and yet there they sat with people in it chair on either side looking at the boob wire without knowing the names of the other people. No interaction. And I think that program, as Lar as we're concerned, has gotten people more involved again to whaleverdegrcethey can be involved, depending on their physical limitations. AGING: What do think about multi-purpose centers housed in spe- cially designed facilities as opposed to centers set up in a community center facility that serves all age groups! MS. ALLARDICB: Well, our agency does have experience in both and I think there are advantages and disadvantages. Our initial program started in 1953 in an old home in an arca which had once been a very affluent boulevard and a home of it former mayor of Dctroit and it was it homey atmosphere. Then we moved to a multi-purpose family center that provides services to all age groups. The building is newer and more attractive. bigger rooms, better facilities, no stairs, good lighting, and much more space for additional programs. We have been able to provide for many more people, but the quality or sonic of the quality of the service has changed somewhat. I think the disadvantage is that it's a big beautiful bat( modern and sonic - what institutional kind of building. h isn't a home. And for t umv of these people who have lost their spouses, Inst their friends and their own home, live in apartments or sometimes boarding homes. that kind of thing. the old-fashioned homey building that we had before, meant a great deal to them and that, of course, is missing. So, there arc advantages and disad- vanlages to both. AGING: Nell, in line with this, would you opt for a small center that perhaps offered just recreational and leisure -time activities with an 1&R component that could send them to services, if they needed them'! MS. ALLAUACE: I think there are an awful lot of people than don't go very far. A neighborhood center is ideal for accessibility for older people and, of course. I'm speaking of city ones. Ideally, it would he great to have neighborhood centers with all the basic requirements of a multi-purpose center right there. AGING: Well. I was thinking in terms of sc%erel huge multi-purpose centers and then smaller neighbor- hood centers that could serve as social centers, with tits capacity to send a person to other services, if needed. NIS. ALLARDICE:I think even that is expensi%c, %%'flat we've done in some insloaces is cooperating with. for instance, a church group, that only meets once a week. If you could bring in visiting nurse or some othercompo- Items ofa multi-purpose center. some educational programa. some of those things in satellite offices, that coal(] also enhance a program. AGING: Earlier. we were talking about centers Ihnl are housed in community facilities. I -lave you found that there's been ;tit opportunity for interaction between the younger and older generations and has This benefit- ed people or has it been more of a deterrent! .NIS. ALLARDICE: No, I think it the elllm is made, it can be of great benefit. \%'e'%e had %ulunteei programs :it various limes and we'%c had school groups (hal h;re conic in. We also did n program for seycral years with a parochial school where first. their junior and senior high students participated and %yc %%cut down to as law as se%enth and eighUn grade. when they %%credoingsociolugy and they rune in one (];n ;m %%cyk and provided first a program for the seniors and then la ler, with the seniors. I think this wits it very exciting experience. hath ways. and sonic of those kids wereadoptinggrandparents in sonic ill' the nursing homes. fur instance. and would visit them once it week and talk to them and tell them what they were doing in school. We picked out people in the nursing home who had no family, no contacts. No one ever visited so this was a %%ery exciting experience. The kids. I think. learned :t great dead from it, because sometimes they had no relationships with the elderly. And [[ley could du a little shopping. the%, could %'rile notes. they could do various things fur the elderly. AGING: What do you think about a cohmmunity facility where working You have to account for people as well as numbers. There's a lot of paperwork that could be used in direct service. This is being said by every agency that deals with the government. 9 mothers could leme their children and senior center participants []light vulun- lecr to help out with the children. 1101 as a full -lime staff. but as all adjunct sum Il'. MS. ALLARI)ICF: Sunnewhat like the foster grandparent program. Yes. I think that bringing children's programs into senior day cane can he hc[]eficial. Ilawccen', one of tumpruhlenns is that our multi-purpose I;unilycenler is in the inner city of Detrnil, right next to ajunior high. and scniut:s have to gat out and wail for huses there. and the older people arc concerned about leaving befurc the kids get out of school, because there is a great do;l of crime against seniors and they became MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES !IOIhEs the targets of purse -snatching and lugging. AGIN(]: In your opinion, %%hilt programs have been most beneficial to the elderly, as far as what the center provides'.' Could you pinpoint a few! Or would you say it depends on the individual'! MS. A LLAR DICE: Well. I think it depends also on the location and the time and the issues. We have deve- loped a variety of different kinds of programs as we've gone ;dung, but it's been partly influenced by where wi ve been located. For instance, we were in what became nursing home row. those old houses I talked about. and we developed nursing home services. Then it became after-care. adult foster care home+and these were people that were coming out of mental instilu- lions. So, one of the unique things that we have been able to provide has been work with both the retarded and mentally ill elderly. AGING: Do you find that some of the restrictions imposed when using various types of funds inhibit the delivery of services to center partici- pants'! MS. ALLARDICE: Well, they make it awfully difficult for the unsophisticated person. 1 know that front Ilse state level. Some skill and sophislication in grantsmanship is very helpful. And. unfortunately. sonic of the neediest people I have seen conic tip with great ideas hu( don't have the ability. particularly fiscal, as well as writing abilities, to present it and get the money that's needed. AGING: When senior centers provide medical, dental. :and legal scrviccs,do they run inloany problems With thane professions whose practi- tioners would otherwise receive fees for such services'! MS. ALLARDICG: I personally have not encountered that. We have legal aid and we've used then,. We've also had, for instance, a lawyer on our board of consullan(s. who is lerrihl• generous with his time and has never charged fees, who helps not only with the agency problems but also with 1 individual problemswhenever wehave them. And 1 think that's true of doctors we've had on the board that give free physicals. I think the professionals realize it's that or nothing. The older person would not be able to buy that kind of service. As you know, Medi- care and Medicaid won't pay for diagnostic physicals. I think when the alternative isjust to live with the health problem, doctors see that the services really ;trait competing. Many limes the professionals are very generous in giving some help themselves. AGING: Are the Endowment for the Humanities programs being used in your centers! MS. ALLARDICE: I think they've been tremendously successful. Our center hasjust started one program. To me, that's been one of the most exciting programs to just be It part of, hearing the tremendously diverse ways it has been programmed and presented in centers, and the spinoffs. It has developed into creative writing, dra- ma, music, exploring local history, cooperation with students in schools. Things like that. And that is what is very exciting. AGING: What about the personal rewards in running a center! MS. ALLARDICE: I love myjoh very much, and I have always enjoyed working in the field. Sometimes the advances seem awfully slow, particu- larly for the poorest and neediest, mentally handicapped elderly who have been the least able to speak up for their own needs. We work hard to help them use the system and become advocates on their own behalf. But I think it's very hard loseethem pushed aside. Unfortunately. most people do not really realize the problems. I love the phrase somebody gave that it would be nice if the senior centers could have all kinds of cost overruns and the Pentagon could have the hake sales. '['flat is. I think, a great idea. AGING: Do)'ouINaI' it's possiblc Io give a stock definition of the kinds of services than nmlti-purpose centers should provide? Or do you think this is going to depend nn file population they serve, and the type of neighbor- hood they are in'! MS. FISHER: I would like to see multi-purpose centers designated as the focal point for service. Like a one - slop shopping service. If you come to the center for socialization and recrea- tion and educational classes, and you need some help related to sonic bills. taxes, housing, or coming hospitaliza- tion, there would be staff there to handle yon problem. You won't he continually referred oil' to another office, which often happens. If you're going to have to refer the person and if it's a frightened person, you may have to walk him or her to the Social Security office, to the clinic. or up to the Housing Authority office. And if we could arrange with many of these services to staff offices within 1 6 It would be a great idea if the senior centers could have all the cost overruns and the Pentagon could have the bake sales. senior centers, even for two days as week for different services, this would be ;a great boon to the older person who, once his travelled to one place. can stay Ihcre comfortably. AGING: Would yml suggest some basic services that all multi-purpose centers should have? MS. FISHER: Well, I think having the nutrition program right there and having the delivered meal service is really great. If you call have some of the in-home services self right thereat the center, so that when older people need to he provided with home services, homemakers. or chore serv- ice, they can gel it through the senior centers, that would he great. loo. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RARIDS•OF.S IloltlEs Of course, there's not enough funding in those arras. People gel on waiting lists. flat if we could have that kind of staff within it senior center, it would make as significant difference in the lives of older people. All of the health screening that the hospitals are now providing within senior centers, and the nurses that they're sending in to do the blood pres- sure or other testing is great. And there is it fine prevention of blindness program which is going on in Philadel- phia, where we make appointments and bus people to some of the best eye clinics in this city for complete check- ups and followvps. All of these things. if they're given support by he staff, mean that more people will go to them. AGING: Do you think that senior centers tend to draw more socially aware or extroverted older persons. and that the more introverted or isolated elderly have it tendency to be left out? MS. FISHER: well, this is where we need more help, because the introverted, apmhedc, and withdrawn are coming to the centers. Sometimes you look around and they're sitting up against the walls the way they do in nursing homes. We've developed a team of two staff members who go around and talk to these people who will only communi- cate if somebody comes to them. They don't go to the club or the class or make conversation on their own. But were hoping by using staff, talking to them directly, they can get acquainted and find something moreinlereslinglo do than just sitting, staring into space. They are coming in because we have buses to bring in the frail and the handicapped, wheelchair people are coming in. This is healthy. because Ihcn we have a mixture of people. 11 would be sad if those people were isolated in centers where everyone was frail. Rut when they conic in, they take nn sone of the joy and the fait of the well people, going in to watch them dance. or getting into physical Iitness. You can even do some exercises from a wheelchair. And we always Iry to plan certain programs that will appeal to some of the more forlorn people who may not go for the sophisticated programs. AGING: You mentioned earlier the problems that you are now encounter- ing with older people who need psychiatric and psychological counsel- ling. MS.FISH ER: Well, as you know. it lot of the planning should have been done when the mentally ill were released from the mental hospitals. Many of them are just being ware- housed in cheap rooming houses and boarding houses and nursing homes. Now, they're moving freely into senior centers and some of their behavior is tremendously disruptive. We have worked out a system where, if very hostile individuals come in and start making a scene, screw ming and yelling, swearing at the staff, thcadministrator or the administrative assistant comes immediately to the fore and lakes on the hostility from the person, tries to sort out the problem, tries to reason with the person. flat if they are really disruptive that day we may say they arc going to have to leave and come back another day. With help from it psychiatric nurse, we're having training sessions, learn- ing more about the individuals, keep- ing records on them, observing behav- ior. -rhe nurse has started a therapy group and gotten some of the disor- ienlcd people into therapy. working towards behavior modification. It's not the type they're doing in nursing homes, which is more for the senile. but behavior therapy when the people think out what they want for them- selves and what their values are and how they might achieve them. AGING: You have a'specially designed facility for older people. What do you think about a senior center that is witinin a Itirger conunumi- ty center facility where young and old can interact? Do you think that has some good points to it, ordo you think older people are better till' in an age - segregated facility? MS. FISHER: I think if depends oil the community where you're located. I've seen some magnificant interacting centers. largely in suburban areas where the children :ire not so numer- ous or aren't coming out of poverty. e,here they may become aggressive towards older people. We have one center in Philadelphia where at night the children are taking delight in smashing up the things that belong to the senior citizens. Robber- ies are occurring, and the older people are being harassed as they leave the center. I think we have to look at each community and whether the commu- nity' children are going to share a building, and be responsive to letting the older people have their time to themselves and respect their equip- ment. AGING: How do you feel about combining senior center services and activities for the low-income, frailand vulnerable with the more active elder- ly? MS. FISHER: Well. I'nh all for the American way of life that calls for a mix of people. That's the way America started, they came over here with some democratic points of view and a place fqr :all in the sun. lf you begin setting up poverty P ngrams, and somebody said—] think it was Manny Kaufman— services to the poor tare poor services. and you have the very frail and apathetic and handicapped and with- drawn people and disorderly people together, and nobody leavened the lump and nobody look any direction and leadership, then I think it would be very slid. It would be a much harder job for the staff, because in the center with large numbers of well -normal people, they function on committees and take responsihilities. Sonicofthcir responsibilities include being friendly visitors to the homehound, carrying trays in the dining rooms for the handicapped, greeting the handi- capped of the door, laking the handi- capped people in the wheelchairs or the him([ people to their program areas, and there's interacting going nn all the time. And they find these people arc socially acceptable, that they're real persons, and they look after them If a blind person is a member of a MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES tI01RES particular committee. and the bus didn't bring that person in on time, they immediately go tothesta0'person and say "wc want Maggic to get here on time. She's an important person on the committee:' So they're till interacting on behalf of these people. And I think, if yogi re ever going to do the voting properly, those who arc a little more affluent have to really personally know those who are poor and frail. And know what kind of an income they're livingon and knowthat somebody has S50 a month for food and any personal needs they have alter they've paid their rent. -this is essential, that they knowthis and associate with them. AGING: What do you think about centers that provide leisure and recrea- tion activities with an I&R compo- nent? Do you think lhere it place for centers like that? MS. FISHER: Well, it depends on whether that's satisfactory to the people. In Philadelphia, we're located right across from Camden. New Jersey, and there's a good bus service. so we haven lot of members from New Jersey that came before they got fill[ - fledged multi-purpose centers over there. They had drop-in centers, and they said. what do you do in a drop-in center, you drop in and you drop out. And nobody cares whether you conic or go. I think that centers should develop the way fire people want them to. If people say they have it need for this center to evolve from a seniorcenter to a multi-purpose center, then if should happen. with the members all taking port in the process, deciding the next step, deciding what they want to include. And we achieved it lot of that feeling :thou( what the center wanted to become by laking our members to a number of different sures and looking at outer senior centers. And we said, this is the next thing we want. It really happened to its. We got a new building. AGING: Well, it seems the parfick pants themselves are deciding what services they won and need, rather Ithan having it imposed from above. I think that's very helpful, because very often we hear that government is telling people what they need. MS. FISHER: Well, they do dictate, that's for sure. 'fake, for instance, the means test. We said we won't impose the means test on people. We tried it on ar few and they found it disgusting and we were willing to say, well, we'll not do the means test ;Ind maybe we won't get paid for those months that we didn't do it, hal by going into legislative action. taking buses down to Washington, byappear- ing before the Senate hearings, we did break the means test and gained eligibility for senior centers. I think with that one victory behind its, as we see any ugly legislation coming up, we should get after it. ;Ind say, after all, other age groups have their communi- ty centers. ;Ind the older peopleshould have their places for recreation, socialization, educalion.just like other age groups. AGING: You were talking about the problems that you had encoun- tered with Tick SX. Do you feel thin some of the restrictions imposed when using various types of Federal funds inhibited the delivery of services to center participants? MS. FISHER: Well, it certainly forces you to pill a lot of time into data, and this is a little disturbing, but you take it ;Ind do as much its von can. Now you have to account for people as well as account for numbers. I think there's a lot of time pill into paperwork that could he used in direct service, and I think this is being said by every agency that dca IN with tliegovernment. The paperwork is tremendous. We tell the people about that. We ICI them know, so that when tine% go to a hearing, they call speak out and say. our staff is so involved with paper- work we can't sit down and play a game of pinocle with them, or laugh with them as much as we used to do, They notice this. AGING: If you could pinpoint the service or services, which would you say are the most important to your center? U MS. FISHER: In talking very honestly ;Ind directly with our elders council, which is the governing holy at the center, and having them put forth what they thought the center should be, they said it should he ;t loving, sharing, caring community. In otherwords, we are seeing people come in from all over the city and maybe they don't know their neigh. bors, but they come to the center and this is where their friends are, and these are the people that they talk with, that they call up on the telephone at night. that they call on in time of trouble. 'their investment is in a place where people are warmly greeting one anoth- er and caring for each other. The people are more important than the food service or anything else. %Vital counts is relationships. AGING: An opportunity to talk to people and actually form an informal help network among the members? MS. FISHER: That's happened. I would really like to see a person like Margaret Mead come in ;Ind studv a large senior center and see the com- munity that the people lim edeveloped for themselves. They volunteer all the time. '[*here are hundreds of people coming in every week that aren't just coming in to be entertained, but are coming in to do the chores that need to be done, serving in file dining room, hosting, doing it newsletter mailing, serving on committees. faking responsibility for planning money -raising events. 'I hey just put their lives into the center. AGING: You mentioned earlier that you are having an increasing number of people with mental proh- lems using the center. What special elrorls on the center's part do you think should he made MS. FISHER: We need sunlf from health and mental retardation to crone in ;Ind provide therapy and training to deal with the mentally ill. But the stair should also offer;I therapy course for the well -normal people so that tine), can understand mental illness and be more sympathetic. Instead of saying, ' Ill going to run away from this sito- MICROFILHED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES Ido IDES ation," spying, "Well, I know ;aid understand why this has happened:' And 1 think that once we can understand the behavior, this will help the people stay together. All of them should be reading and seeing in the newspaper what's happening in var- ious communities where they've taken over big hotels and put the mentally ill and the mentally retarded in them. The communities are getting frightened about it and wondering what to do, wringing their hands. If the well elderly can see themselves as part of a movement to help the mentally ill and retarded rc-enter society by being warm and receptive, it could make it significant difrerence. AGING: What are your other problems and achievements? MS. FISHER: Well, I think the senior center movement is absolutely great. I don't think that thearea offices on aging have turned out to be what we had envisioned. And I think they've fragmented the service further. I can remember Commissioner Flemming's dream, that the area offices of aging would be used to coordinate services and bring us together and put us at casein relation- ship to linkages and getting the service we wanted. I've spent a year and a half going to the area office on aging, telling them about the problems that I've had with mental health in my center, but I'm the one that had to call in representatives from mental health associations, seek out help from Ball-Mercerand call the regional officcand HEW to explain the problem. I wrote to Commissioner Flemming about it, I wrote totile state about it. Everybody says, to back to Mcntal Health. But there's no man- date saying that mcmarl health, which doesn't have a lot of money either, has to get involved Since they've already put money into storefront mental health offices ;Ind. in some places. they've even built their own centers, why can't they in least send in stuff twice It week to help I's cope with these problems? I doi t sec why we can't meet penplds needs with compassion and humanity. Women in Crisis: 16 AGING Centers Sometimes While interviewing ./ran Fisher. L:ver•urirr• Director o/' the Philadelphia Confer /iir Older People. err mlkod about three n•onren who had conte to her Center for help. 7hr,v provide poignant glimpses into the prohleors faring some of our R'ation's learn lbriunate elderh•. and illustrate .some uJ'the surcrssee ami Jnilures that nut{r Cemer personnel arra /aced with oil a nail v basis. ,IUF . In our centers we arc getting a lot of the very fragmented people, for instance. the " haggic Women" are coming into file senior centers, the women who live in floe railway depots and the bussladonsa» d whosleep an night overs grill for a little warmth ;Ind local and have all of their worldly possessions in shopping bags. These people, sonic of whom have been mentally ill, have been driven into it trmnpsitua- lion or gypsy life, and they aren't gelling ;any benefits at all if Ihcy don't have a residence. Now, we've gone through the experience of working with one person fora yearand a half. a haggic lady. We look the soft approach, tolerating her acting out behavior, finally get- ting her to trust us. She is now living al the Y in our cify;nd has been for nine months. She'sgel- lingo check from welfare and is 62,.4o she's now eligible for SSI. After site pays her weekly rent, she has exactly $50 ;a month for anything she needs. And you can't cat on a dollar a day. She comes to file center, has her big noonday meal and she's doing sonic housework which enables her to earn that extra money that it takes to have anything really worthwhile In cal and lo pick yourself up. And she:s willing to go out and scrub floors and cicm;nd iron to earn than little extra money. When we first saw her, she was a completely distraught person,just living off the picking~ that she was getting out of the wastebaskets on file street. h's going to hakea long lime to bririg some of these people back. We know her story, we know that she had four ),cars in a sanitarium in California of one time. There's a lot of paranoia, it lot of feelings of persecution come out every now ;Ind then, but she has now gotten to trust enough of the snaffand enough of the members to begin no ["like some friendshipsand know where site can come for help, can talk out her problems, ;and gel the support she needs. Ilut this is ;a real process of sharing for these people. and it just can't happen quickly. We have to have enough staff to work one to one with these people. And she*s been willing now lnener it therapy group. Recent ly, we hada little black woman• it very petite old lady of 92 with it hideous hampering brace on her leg, so thnt sonnclinncs she was in it wheelchair. We had taken her to camp and discovered thin site hada large hedsorc on her back. We begged her to go into the hospital, but she refused. She'd been living in a fnlfhy little house for years, anon the landlord charged her too r»uch rent. The place was never cleaned;md the roof leaked. lion she Was becoming frail, and she knewshc Was going no die and didn't want to go into the hospital. We did everything we could. 'file visiting nurse came twice n week, but the woman was incontinent. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES 1 Make the Difference The homemaker only came three times a week, so the bed didn't get changed often enough. We found, when delivering the food to her, that she often could not gel to the food and open up the foil or open up the milk carton. We talked to the neighbors."Oh, well, we'll go in a nd make a cup of coffee for the old lady, but that's all we'll do," they said. She became more and more ill, we saw it was getting toward the end, we called on the church at the last to come in overa longweekend. Ilut we found the church didn't come in that weekend, so it doesn't look as though she got a ny help, and all the agencies were closed. She had it heart attack, went to the hospital and died within 24 hours. And then the church gave her a magnificent funeral, where young people and old people got out and testified to the marvelous life this woman had led. [lot where were they when the minister asked them to go in and give service that weekend? Now, what I think needs to happen is to have some centers open seven days a week in different areas, so that on the weekend, people don't call the Hotline and get told, well, go to such an office at 9:00 on Monday morning. The problem is now. There have to he some centers open. We have to work with the hospitals and the nursing homes, with the transient places for people to get lodging for the night, and see that in-home serv- ices and meals are delivered on weekends. Serv- ices aren't just needed five days a week, they're needed seven days a week. And our service is worth nothing if we don't ask for that. One day, a woman came in just smelling to high heaven, and all these people came into my office saying "If she goes into the lunchroom we won't be able to stand it." So I talked to herand I said, "I think you haven problem, would you like to go up and haven bath, and we can find some clean clothes?" And it turned out that this old lady's husband was so mean that he never gave her any money out of the Social Security check. He took her check and his check and she never had enough money for a bar of soap. She went out and gave herself a good scrubbing and got cleaned up and became quite presentable. And we sometimes let alcoholics get a chance to clean up, and that is part of a service that I think is important, because we are going to continue to see these people,and they' rc going to need some of these services. The Sisters of Mercy have developedit hospice for transient people, and baggic people or anybody else that needs a shelter, and they have J ust acquired property to expand their service and include a bath service and all. And now, the neighbors are fighting. They don't want to see that developed in their particular district. And I think it's such a shame that we cannot serve humanity ns he needs to be served, that we are going to look down our noses at everybody whose hair isn't cutjust right, or whose stockings are falling down or something. These people are people like ourselves, and many of them have been somebody at one time, and for whatever reason they've fallen apart. I think it lot of them could be reclaimed if we could give them serv- ices with dignity. FIICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOVIES AGING 17 1 IH AGING Multipurpose Centers in a Rural County By Jean Norris ung. severe winters and winding country roads often force older people in rural areas to he isolated, but in Franklin County. New York. older people are taking part in a variety of activities sponsored through the county's network of senior centers. hr;utklin County which boasts a puptdutiun of 40,000i% predominately rural, with nrauiy half of its land arra within the massive Adirondack Park. The 1.674 square miles comprising its land arca arc bounded on the north by Canada's Quebec province. Although there are population centers at each end of the county. the nearest large city is Montreal, with the mid-section of the county mountainous and sparsely populated. Franklin s residents are not only isolated from major population centers hal have the lowest per capita income of any county in the State and the highest unemployment rate. There is a serious shortage of doctors and medical services which compounds problems for the 14 percent of the population who arc over 60. Although file county's population is just 40,000, Franklin received neatly 40 percent of State funds undo ThIe V of the Older Americans Act for file acquisition, alteration, and renova- tion of facilities as multipurpose senior centers. William O'Reilly. Mlector of the Franklin County Office furthe Aging, says that the centers received the large funding grant because the county was already operating a number of centers and bce11l5C the senior citizens took file initiative in applying for government assistance. Ile feels it is easier to insure 111:11 all of the county's elderly are assisted than it is in o larger urban arca. because of file close-knit nature of the small conanunities and an on-going outreach program conducted by each ;adult center direc- tor. 'transpurinlion Provides file Key The initiative of the senioreilizens who are tic- scribed rscribed as hoth proud and independent also r enabled the centers loacquire new buses for their transportation programs. New 20 -passenger buses are now on the road at threecvmersas well as two 12 -passenger vehicles obtained under the Capital Assistance Grant Program of the Urban Mass 'transportation Administration. Each month the adult centers provide over 9,000 rides and cover over 11.000 miles throughout the county. Since t11e county lacks public transportation, the program is vital to boththeelderlvand hand- icapped who use rile free service for visits to doctors:nd social service agencies, as well as for errands and shopping on a regular weekly basis. Despite severe road conditions the buses were only kept from making rounds on one day lust winter. Most of the drivers arc retired school bus employees who lake pride in theirability to reach their destination no matter what file road conditions are. Many of the secondary roads outside the towns arc unpaved. but are kept ac- cessihie through a well-equipped plowing sys- tem designed to prevent ;uq• 1'1-anklin County resident from being isolated during the long winters. Countywide services offer a variety of pro- grams. The nutrition program, which opera WN through the senior comers, serves over 9,000 meals per numth, including meals-un-whcels;uxl (loctor-prescribed special diets for those who require then. 'file North Country Centel' of Gerontology o0crs educational opportunities thruugln the conununit) college and is setting urn prgject to bring entertainment and information to the honss of those elderly who are visually or physicuuy hamfierpped. The Emeritus Studies Program offers college level courses in adult centers and any senior citizen can audit courses. For those who need supportive services, the Senior Citizens Council 11as instituted ;r Ilonte Care Program which brings public health MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPInS•DEs FIOItEs nurses and home health aides as well as house- keepers w the Ilumes ut the elderly. lite Franklin C'uunty Office for lite Aging coordinates services and ensures that the elderly receive assistance through Food Stamps. Medi- caid. and other social smices. The RSVP program is also run through the 011ice tar the Aging and h;tS uler 500 volunteers at work throughout the coungI- half of whom are employed at the adult centers. Low income people neer 55 are given contmunityjobs under Title IS of the Older Americans Act. Through the Pastoral Outreach Service, sponsored be the North Franklin Ministerial Association, volun- teers regularly visit an isohued or lonely elderly person on it one-to-one hnsis. Adult Centers and Senior Chubs There are eighl full-time Multipurpose Adult Centers in rile rnunty with full-time nutrition and transportation programs. Other services include educational. physical litness. and craft programs. Assistance is also avauilahle in applying for Medicaid. Medicare. Fuad Shunps. Supplentcoud Security Income. and Senior Citizen I)iscuunt Cards. Counseling on lite insurance and Ills filing is also uflcred. as Well as blood pressure clinics. I he centers also provide referrals and unnsportation fur health screening services. In smaller com nlun it ics with populanion. under 500 there arc senior Citi/cu clubs which meet nunuhly for social events and dinners. C'uuperrtipe cents and trips offer the elderly front the centers and cluhs throughout the county an oppontlntly to mix tugellter. The highlight of the year is the Senior ina. held each May during Older Americans Nlunth, It isa large fair -picnic -convention held by ;ual for older citizens. A formal dinner. during which the Senior Citizen of the Year is announced. is the finale of this one Clay spectacular. Last year over 1.500 people attended. Franklin county's elderly participate in roam self-help activities to raise money fur the centers and their programs. A fiddler: contest. square dances. and ice cream festivals were held along Willi traditional fund misers such as hinge and MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS.DES MoltIEs AGING 19 20 AGING card games, rummage sales, craft and hake sales, and auctions. Ralne tickets were sold on every- thing from handmade quilts to it trip it) rile Bahamas. During the latter part of 1976 and 1977, the adult centers, senior citizen clubs, and their advisory boards raised a total of $100,000 to initiate various projects, including $51,000 which was used to provide heat, lights, and transportation for the nutrition programs. The Multipurpose Centers are used by the communities al large fora variety of activities. In December the Harvard Glee Club performed at the Malone Golden Age Club where they were served dinner by the senior citizens and enter- tained by the Kitchen Band. Throughout the year the facilities at each center arc used by young people for parties and dances, for bingo games and craft lessons. The general public is encouraged to use the blood pressure clinics and many young adulls work at the centers as volunteers and as Title vi Manpower employees. Each center has its own unique history and services to offer the seniors in their individual locations. The Akwesasne Office for the Aging provides services for the approximately 300 senior Mohawk Indians at the St. Regis Mohawk Indian Reservation. Their senior citizen center is located in the Akwesasne Community Building and offers assistance to any Indian over 55. They also encourage the re adifrmation of old ideals by being a strong vocal group within their commu- nity. Since 1971 the senior citizens of the Brushton- Moira area have been meeting and have expanded their services to encompass many small rural communities. They have recently completed a survey in cooperation with otter senior citizen clubs, which has shown a need for senior housing and will soon result in the estab- lishment of Franklin County's first senior run housing. In the five rural communities surveyed there is a total elderly population of 562. Of the 177 persons who responded. 92 said they would move into senior housing and 68 indicated they might be interested in the future. A typical profile of an elderly person residing in the arca is that of a single woman over 62, living in a one member household, wilh :in income of less than $3,000 a year from social security. They own houses in small towns, which are not modern but adequate, but they would prefer a one bedroom apartment and could pay 560-570 a month rent. The Burke Adult Centcrsenrs four rural vil- lages. The membership owns its own building, a beautifully renovated Grange Hall, and runs it U store from which handcrafted items made at the center are sold. A more urban facility is the Malone Adult Center in downtown Malone, the countyscm. In addition to the regular nutrition and transporta- tion services, Malone has the Kitchen Bland. made up of seniors with it flair for making music with pots, pans, and kitchen utensils. The eldest band member is 80 and thegroup is popularwith local citizens of all ages. The Five Town Adult Cenlcratl St. Regis Falls was first formally organized in 1970. As its name implies, the center serves the senior citizens in five towns with a full nutrition, recreation, and transportation program. The Sarana Lake Multipurpose Adult Center publishesa biweekly newspaper written and edited by the membersof the center. They also have a store stocked with donated goods, with proceeds going toward their fund raising programs. The seniors are plan- ning on moving into a facility of their own in the near future. The Adirondack Adult Center in Tupper Lake began as as senior citizen club in 1969. It is also a full service center. They sponsor monthly bingo games at the Geriatrics Ward of the hospital and provide prizes and refreshments. Other commu- nity services performed by this civic minded group include the running of the annual heart fund drive, selling up it blood doner clinic, and the establishment of it midtown community garden. Fort Covington is the newest multipurpose center and the farthest North. There are about 143 elderly households in the town which directly borders Canada and the SI. Regis Mohawk Indian Reservation. At present mcalsareserved in a school basement where other programs are also held. An abandoned church will soon become a modern multipurpose center there and the senior citizens of this tiny town arc working hard to create a facility equal to the others in the county. "North Country pride and perseverance dis- tinguish the Franklin County Senior Citizens, who go ahead and help themselves, needing only encouragement from us to begin new, innova- tive programs. These people are not used to having anything done for them and resent accepting handouts. Our job is to present programs to them and assist with paperwork. They can then willingly and eagerly raise funds and keep the programs going," concluded Mr. O'Reilly. • Afs. Norris is on the stuff R% the Franklin Corner Of.arc for dre Aging. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES IlolaEs Senior Centers and Health Care By Barbara Rubin Health problems are a major and cominu- ing concern for the elderly, their fami- acs, and the health and welfare agencies which serve them. "The Social Security Administration reports that the average health care bill for a person 65 or older was $1,360 in 1975, almost three times that ofpersonsaged 19 to 65.-1 While People over 65 represent about 12 percent of the total population, they fill a third of the nation hospital beds. Good hospital facilities are often lacking for those living in urban poverty areas, where there is frequently it shortage of qualified physicians, accompanied by it proliferation of inferior "Medicaid mills." Hospital outpatient depart- ments often provide impersonal, perfunctory care, and employ physicians who speak little or no English. In addition, the trip to the hospital can be long and tiring. "A study of 1,552 older persons in selected innereity areas of New York indicated that the elderly suffer from poorer hcallh slams and higher incidence of functional incapacity than their citywide or national peers. -2 'file aged, especially those on fixed incomes, frequently seek medical care only when a crisis occurs, al a lime when therapeutic intervention may no longer he effective. 'file older person deteriorates to the point where he can no longer sustain himself at home, he becomes isolaled from fancily and friends, and may prcmalurely seek admission to an institution. Our Institutional Orientation A major response to the complex heallb:ntl welfare needs of the aged is the creation of varying levels of custodial care which are reimbursed by Medicare a nd Medicaid. Not only is such carecoslly, but for manyaged. it results in dreary and depressing isolation during their later, years. The U.S. increasingly tends to be an institutionally oriented country, seeking gov- ernmental solutions to social and health prob- lems, rather than strengthening existing family and communal supports. After a recent visit to a nursing home, a governor of a large western stale observed that it was a very nice place and people were working hard cleaning and making sure the residents were attended. But "1 thought to myself, here's a place where elderly people are sent when they reach a certain age and arc paying $600-$700 a month for strangers to lake care of People that not too many years before would have been upstairs in the bedroom, oron rocking chairs silting in the living room. It would have been a part of the context of normal life... Were institutionalizing everybody. And I'd like to dc -institutionalize everybody. 1'd like to have a community that has a more human spirit to it. 1 think people are ready for that." Despite its negalivc aspects, there is an increasing demand for institutional care. Among other factors, there has been inadequate provi- sion for alternative approaches to the care of the aged within the community. The potential of existing programs has not been fully developed: instead new expensive health care institutions have been created. We need to reexamine our existing system and to encourage new directions in hcallh maintenance for the aged to prevent or delay their relegation to institutions. There is also a need for life enhancing, as well as life sustaining programs, preventive services are particularly relevant in areas which are geo- graphically remote from adequate medical facilities, or where health and wclfnrc services have been impaired because of budgetary cut- backs in municipal:rad voluntary hospilals.'rhe enormity of the problems faced by the aged sug- gests that connnunily agencies which are not MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIRES AGING 21 In considering the po- primarily health care providers. such as senior tential of centers to citiiea centers call conduct pteecntiNe he;dtlt ❑ll'l'[ the elderly's needs. We should hrtlth in its broadest sense. ?? AGI\(i care programs. Traditionally, the early settlement houses played an important role in meeting the health needs of the con»munily. (.illiamt \\':fill, a public health lilac. Iimndc(I tine Ilene\ Street Se tle- I»em (louse as I111 outgrowth of her work midi the em -1% Xew fork immigrants who Imd serious health problems gfu%%ing out of poterly Condi- tions. suhstandard housing. and poor medical rare. Miss Wald began life mowillenl of public hrtlth nursing. which she defined as "tial. the expert care of the sick in Ihcir hollies. and second. the education of the palienls and their families in the I:PCIS of health and file."' Ilie prohlems of the cldcrly. Today. are ditl'Crenl from Ihose of the clic inunigr;sus. hw Ihcre ate ninny %rho lice in suhslandard housing. lum imale- yu:uediels.and neglect their health unlil Inedir:d treatment is no longer ellecli%e. Senior (-cnIers:md Ilcallh ('arc In considering the potential of senior Citinm centers Io meet Ilse hadlh needs olthe elderly. %%c should %ic\% the Ienu"hadth" in the broadest sense. "Ilealth elm be defined as a stale of complete physird, mental. and social \%ell-heing. not merely life absence of disease or infitmily:'' (iit'ell this definition. the senior cili/en centere:m provide a prolec(ed and psychologically them- peutic anwsphere lin the elderly \rho might olhr-wike remain v home. woming about rad of imagined ills. The psychic benefits derived Prot) interaction with (life's peers and participa- tion in daily social. rccrrtlion;d. sad cultural programs can he substantial. A major concern, along wilh the qualily of medical Cnrc, is its:n';IiL•thilily. Relapse of (heir lira It ilucaed activities :uul Comcnient lormions wit lain a cunummily, senior eiliren causes could prose elleelite in finding the hidden urban cldcrly poor most in need al medical Calc. l hey Could bring medical xenices out of the hospital and info the conunullit y. of%ling older people easieraccess and more indiyiduali/ed aIle»tion. Ileallh programs in senior citircn ccnlcrs Can also ecr\C as an adjullo it, all o%cma %rd and Cxpcusi%e heldth Care system. In a number of large Cities. public hcallh nursesnrc inereasingfy being used loulpplclln•nI medical social %%arkcrs. I hr Collaboration of MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAP IDS•Itr%'hlfitC5 these tau disciplines might he refereed to ;Is a Procntive Health Care Team. which is of pnrtictdar %;title in serving if cluster of senior ciliicn centers in medicalh undetsamed areas. \'arses anti social workers call help the clicnl :Ind his llamll% cope with the cnwtional. social. and financial problems Y%hich result front ul acme or chronic. incapacitating illness. I hey can enahle the aged inilk idual to recugniic earl%y s\mlptunls A illness. seek appropriate medical Ole, and undershuul the motile ol'his illness.and the pre- scrihed trealmem. As if result he may li%e in his Mail conununity Ycithoul resorting to insl itmion- aliYation. Ileallb Programs I'mder Ili% of Greater \e\% Turk I he Store IRunt-Scl%ices IM Olderr Adults, a drop-in Center in Ilmoklw. oll'crs iniolm uinn. referral. ad%ucan. Iegal. and home supporl x•r\- ice, to :Ippru\imaleh 251) older adult, Cath motlh. Slot c -Proal Ser\ ices also pro%idrs,hop- ping assistance. locndly \isiling. Idephone rells,llnl tee. and ocml wl,iice.:\Il l'IncmtIlly the social York ,udl ;tie ren rcgi,ICrcd ntlr,e, Ironl \ledger P\cr, CuIICLC aha idcnlil.\ pl C,CnI and potential hclth problems. C%almue the person's phasicl ;md emotional condition. estimate the :ability of the indiriduul and his I:unify to mcel his pruhlenu, delCrminC the urpcncy and c0nnplcsily of a given siluntinn. and decide on priorities lis action. In the course of assessing all individual's problems. the nurse allay perli+rnl simple diagnostic procedures. such as measuring %ifal signs or culilating nuo'ilional cleliciencic, and other oloious abnormalilics. the nurse mal social \Yorker Then assist the illdi\ idual in seeking filed icaI care. and supporl the I'eoaily in IhCe%enl of crisis or the de%clopmcnt of a chronic sitna- Iion. !he sudp;nsunn•s all ad%ncacv rule on heh;dl of the clients 115 encouraging Them it, utili/c all medical sm ces to \%hich tile\ arc Cabled. Man\ eldelIc arc timid \% licit kill uif ing about Ihcir condition and ollen become needle„ I\ an\iou,. the nurx•s Cncomagc Ilan t0 pre„ their I'll �,ici:m fora ,atislaelol} r\pl:mallon of Ihcir prohlcnl. mal ollen lime to correct olkinlornnr lion about the patient•, filed icor Iona red Color of t I'eal Inelll. An e\mnple til a client helped hthe agency is Mt. II.,an SII%c;o old manli\ing;donC Ina \\;Ilk- IIICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEUAa R(tPtis.ur IOI:ILS Adult dna care in it cummunitY renter offers the elderly the upporumit\ fur social intcr•Irtiun and mcuut stimulation. AGING 2} 1 24 AGING up apartment in Brooklyn, whose hypertension had been treated by a doctor in Manhattan. Mr. H. had not been to his doctor in over it year because he found it too dillicult to make the trip. He contacted the Store Front and requested a home visit from the nurses who went to his house and checked his blood pressure, which was very high. 'rhe nurses arranged for free car service to a doctor in Manhattan together with an escort from the Store Front. Project Extend is an outreach, home support program that helps homebound individuals who are too physically or emotionally incapacitated to attend a senior center. This program has proved particularly helpful for those who are temporarily incapacitated. The Marble Hill Senior Citizen Center in upper Manhattan has such a service, which provides a link between an individual trying to maintain himself in his own home and the community in which he lives. Nurses and social workers from the center can- vass the community to locate those in need of help. As a team, they visit the elderly individual in his home, assess his problems, and coordinate a plan to mobilize community and family resources in his behalf. For one severely depressed woman, the team offered regular contacts both by phone and in her home. Meals on wheels and escort services were made availa- ble and medical care was arranged for her. Gradually, the woman was able to leave her apartment and eventually participated in a full range of social, educational, and cultural activities at the center. Day Care Programs One health related program appropriate for it senior citizen center is the Day Center for the Elderly (D.C.E.). Devoted to special services for the frail and handicapped. this type of program offers long term maintenance for the individual who might otherwise he confined to a nursing home. The Mosholu-Montefiore Community Center's Day Center for the elderly, initialed in r 1972 as a three year demonslration project tinder the Social and Rehabilitation Service of HEW, includes activities to improve and maintain social and emotional well-being and provides health supervision, lunch, and transportation. Medical consultation is provided by Montefiore Hospital. The staff consists of a social work coordinator, public health nurse, licensed practical nurse, consulting physician, and rec- reational and occupational therapists. The program thus provides a blend of social, recrea- tional, and medical services. This program has helped reduce institutionali- zation for those aged who lack family and com- munity supports. Day centers for the elderly are frequently attached to nursing homes or hospi- tals, where more intensive treatment and supervision are provided. 'There are individuals who have no need for such intensive services yet are unable to function adequately in a regular senior program. A D.C.E. in community center offers these individuals the opportunity for social interaction and mental stimulation. The health and welfare problems of the elderly continue to grow, but senior centers, particularly in coopera- tion with schools of nursing and medicine and local hospitals, can offer preventive services and provide a viable approach to meeting the health care needs of the nation's elderly in their own homes and in their own communities. REFERENCES '"Health Carc Costs for Elderly Rise in 1975."elging, April. 1976. rCantor, M. and Mayer. M.. "llealth and the Inner City Elderly," Thr GerontolugirL Vol. 16, No. I. Pt. I. 1976. 'Wald. L.. Hauwun Hear SIr""I.Ncw York: Henry IlnitR Co.. 1915. Quoted by Bulletin of Henry Street Settlement. e Ranlon, J.J., Puhllr Hrabh. St. Louis: C.V. Mosby Co., 1974. *Airs. Rubin ivas fonnerlr Health Services Coorrlinalor, Associated YAI-YIfrHAk q% Greater Ne1e York. FIICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DLS IIDIrILS Baltimore Center Opens Its Doors to Nursing Home Residents By Leon Woolf and Carol Hirsch it 1970. the \Ieuupolilan Senior Citinn's Centel in li;dlimnre. Md.. made it, lirst c oris al intcgt;uing nursing honn•n•sidrnis into a senior eentcr. the original grunt. made under 'fide III of the Older Americans Act. teas used to proeide special stall. tr;msporunion. and a research component n1 test tine conccpl u1 "Centercan." Centercare encourmgcs tine re- learning of sociali/anon skills and the main- tenance of independence. eters alien instirlaion- alirnlion, by integrating the more able nursing hone residents into it social and recreation center sen'inc ielaticelc heallhv. actite seniors living in the conanunily. Phis pilo) project proved sosucccsslili that the Centercare concept %us continued. tc illoul special f undine. m the \\ 'aster Centel lire Senior Cili/ells. a nnuucipal liicililc in Raltinuar. \Id. tchich opened in 1974. Waxier rum hit's 10.500 nteinbers. including 60 ntn'sing hoose residents teho attend 111CMIM up to Ml cc a \trek. In iltepasl dote and a 11:111 cru's.atcr 18011 Ursing home residents have hccn tvelconled to I he Writer Center. Ilan hate come lions seven dif- fercnt nursing Ionics and repre- sent allletels of nut'sing hones "ICeOf IL!If.6 u� JORM MICROLAB Nursing home patients are given :t I)CC(IC'll Op- portunity to mix %with their healthier, more active peers. 26 AGING care. Pour of the homes arc non-profit and three, proprietary. The nursing home staff identifies eligible patients, arranges lrtansporlmtion. turd remains in constant contact with Waxier staff. The center refers people whose physical and mental abilities would allow them to achieve integration into the Waster membership. These people must he ambulatory, conlinenl. ;tial most importantly. willing to come. Thev may not exhibit severe confusion or a high risk of wandering from the Center if left unattended. In four cases, the homes have provided :tit escort who accom- panies the group to Waxier so that the home can include more confused persons who may profit from the lherapemic clfcctS of socialization and Stimulation. On their first visit to Waster, I'ew Centercare participants are able to join in the activities. Most are at first surprised by the quick pace and the multiplicity of activities. 'Thcv tend to stay together its a group and must be directed to activities.'I'herefore. two Waxter smlf memhers. a social worker and a senior aide. area '%.signed to work with the Cenlereare participants, to gradually encourage more independence. Group meetings arc also held to encourage interaction, to increase awareness of the broader conumunk tv. and to resolve programmatic problems when they arise. 'file activity level of the Centercare partici- pants tends to increase as time goes oil. For sonic, progress is esceptionad. For others. changes are less dramatic. At first. passive activities are often preferred. such as watching the dance groups, listening to lectures, or using die lounge areas. Gradually. the Centercare participants begin to express their individual preferences. Many enjoy educational classes such as the History of Baltimore class, the creative cunimmnications chess, or singing classes. Sonic Centercare participants join the crafts programs or use the pool tables or pian,. The normally high level of aclivity at Waster becomes contagious and stimulates the nursing home residents. The rewards for involvement at Waxter are easily discernible. 'Tile Centercare participants like a change of scene and "getting out:' Often they become more outgoing. relurningtofornier levels of socieli/alion. Some exhibit increasing responsihility for themselves as well as leader- shipwithinthegroup. Yheyhegintowalkfurther and faster as they mix with their rclatkely healthy. active peers. Socialization with peen will) live in the conl- munity reduces the isoltion of the nursing home environment. For the few Centercare partici- pants who were able to return to the communi- ly. Waxier was the first step toward this return and those persons n1a}continue to attend Waster. '[*his continuity is important, fora move front an institution often means a total separa- tion from old friends as well as front caretakers. Perhaps the most important advantage of the Waster Center to the institutionalized is that this program is designed to increase independence. while nursing institutions are designed tl) serve dependency needs. Pven the best nursing homes often operate on a pathology model of' aging, viewing the individual in terms of medical management Iticlors. Many nursing homes offer a custodial community rather than a therapeutic setting. Waxter focuses on abilities, which arc important in helping the individual to improve his self-concept and to increase his Ic\el of independence. *,tlr. IPuull'is A.veerzaive Pirea(w mrd All. /lirseh is Senior .Social II'a.rker nt the 11'n.rver Conner %in..tienior Ori -ens. Rahinrure. AU MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES M011IEs 1 The Neighborhood Family By Hilda K. Ross and The Neighborhood Family 1he phenomenal growth of the cldcrly population in the U.S. and particularly in "'Ib rami, Fla., has forced health professionals to face the reality that there will never he enough Federal dollars or professional personnel to effectively reach every elderly person requiring assistance. In 1974, the stall' gerontologist of Jackson Memorial Hospital's Conununity Mental Health Service became interested in testing it new orga- nizational model— the Neighborhood Family. "chis wouldallowilie elderly toidentifytheir own personal and environmental prohlcros,and then resolve Them with a mininaan of funds and professional staff. They believed that the elderly should act as both the planners and consumers, with the staff working as a liaison between The Neighborhood Family members and connnuni- ty ngcncies. "I'll its, the elderly would have it direct impact on the distribution of resources by felting agencies knmv what Ihcy. as a group. wanted for their community. The program's objective was In educale it group ofolder people to helheprinmryagens in altering the negative social and environmental conditions in their communily. 'through the group learning process, other hasic needs of the elderly would also he met: the need to be needed, to he part of a community group, and to he recognized as effective people. The word "Neighborhood" %vas chosen in order to enlist individuals from ;an arca which cher delined geographically and psychulogic;dly ;as their neighborhood. The word "I'nnily" waS chosen hec;uase it implied a hond of similar values. It was felt that older people. must of whom have lost their reln(iyes. would adopt a surrogate Gamily and rely on it All reciprocal friendship and support. The Neighborhood I;nnily is sudl'cd by the Community Mmol licllh Service (CNIIIS). but the Neighborhood Family itself is much inure than the Jackson Memorial Ilospival (,IMH) Community Mental Health Clinic because it belongs to the people rather than to .IM H. The Family developed within the.Lblil- GMFIS framework, bill the members choose to be autonomous. -rhe Northside Neighborhood Family Serv- ices was formed as it non-profit incorporated or- ganization with its own Board of Directors drawn from the Neighborhood Family membcr- ship. The Board formulates theFamily's policy and progranix subject to approval by The Neighborhood I nmily membership. Slaffadeise and help the members to carry through on their decisions. A Warehouse Becomes a Center Selection of a site for The Neighborhood Family began with demographic surveys of neighborhoods in the inner-city areas of Miami and Dade County which had large concentra- lions of elderly persons. The mnsl Suitable site seemed to he it low-income trailer park develop- nient neva large shopping center. Thisarea had the highest crime rule in Dade Courcy. fe%y serv- ices provided by agencies, limited recreational and educational facilities that were nearby, and mininoal social interaction between the cldcrly beyond shopping. An informal survey also indicted a wide range of personal and eiyiron- mental problems. Since IrnnsporLnion was frequently naen- lioned as a problem. it was decided that a Facility Close to the target population wns necessary. With no budget, the hurden of housing rested un the conunuaity The Northside Shopping plaza had the most trallic. The management was approached. mad %vithin a month. a huge warehouse %vas offered with free ren and electricity. I he banally cleaned. pnintcd, and furnished it Ihcrosehes. One person carried out the initial contact with residents by knocking on each moiler dnnr;md explaining 'I he Ncighhorhuod Family concept MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -OLS I401tic5 AGING 27 Ou;tsi-(antiIi;tI I1110t ;tnd rutnntunin 00 iu h;tcc liven dcccloped i an arca td wci;tl dv(s% nnuual xuhi(iur aliatli) and Ingicictis ncst is A(il\'(i �IICROIIPIN t1'• JORM MICROLAB of working together "as to Family confroming lived in the trailer parks. Another 24 percent problems most older people seem to have." An lived in small private homes in areas beyond the interview was conducted to explore the needs of parks. 'Those 50-59 years of age represent 12 each individual and the community. By using percent, while those 60-69 make up 31 percent of this approach, a climate of positive expectation the membership. 'File 70-79 age group comprises and individual involvement and commitment 20 percent and the 80 and over group, 9 percent. was created and continues to be a strategy for The youngest member is 28 years of age and encouraging participation. In a period of 10 the oldest is 93. Eighty-five percent are white weeks, 27 elderly persons expressed an interest in Americans: 6 percent are Black. There are very i the project and came to the first meeting. few Spanish-speaking members. However, we Data from the Assessment of Needs survey are seeing an increase in the number of Black were presented to the members at the first elderly women, both American BIk' meeting in the facility. The next six weeks involved learning the names, telephone numbers, and services pro- vided by community agencies. Twice a week, some 25 older people met at the facility to plan for two panel discussion meetings involving various agency heads who would provide information on services available to The Neigh- . borhood Family. Through this process, the elderly learned organizational skills as well as the selection and protocol techniques needed in contacting appropriate agencies. It look 10 weeks from the first meeting for a group of elderly people to turn the warehouse into a Center, identify themselves and their purpose, phut and execute two large panel meetings, form an administrative body, and prepare a program for an Open House. Although a staff was offered by the JMH- CMHS, the staff gerontologist chose to work alone at first. During the initial fourmomhs, no staff or agency personnel were there to impose preconceived notions of how to work with older people. There were no agencies to extend services, no operating funds, and no administrative structure to contend with. It was important for the members to see themselves as the only partici- pants who would transform the theoretical model into n functioning Family. The Neighborhood Family continues to be understaffed. Aside from a full-time director. there are 1110 part-time nurses, a full-timesocital workcq and secretary. Six hours of psychiatric time are available to The Neighborhood Family from the JMH-CMHS. The Family survives With the help of volunteers from the member. ship. Five volunteers each work 38 hours a week, and 20 volunteers work from 2 to 37 hours a week. All Races, All Ages Rand Together Although the arca defined as Tile Ncigltb0r- hood was in the trailer parks arca, we discovered It the end of the first year that only 70 percent ac s and Bahamian, and in the number of Asians, particularly Filipinos. Thiry -five percent of the members have lived in Miami for less than 10 years, but 54 percent have lived in the same neighborhood from I 1 to 30 years. This large group represents the elderly who did notjoin the flight from the inner-city. The majority live alone, and 43 percent are married. Most of the members say they had "sonic high school,' and 27 percent finished high school. Originally 65 percent of the members had telephones: this dropped to 56 percent at the beginning of the second year and is still drop. ping. We are notified of telephone cut-offs each day. When The Neighborhood Family opened, 52 percent indicated that they had cars. This has dropped significantly as insurance rates have sky -rocketed in Dade County and as members can no longer afford to maintain it car. A levelling oil' is occurring as more affluent residents choose to go elsewhere. leaving 'file Neighborhood Family to those "who really need it: One of the major problemscitcd bythe Family members is poor health. Sixty-eight percent indicate that health "prevents them from doing what they want to do." Sixty-six percent ;are under care for their medical problems. Eye problems, arthritis, heart trouble and hyperten- sion are leading complaints. Reasons cited for not seeing a physiciein include: "It's not bother- ing me now." "finances; "'can't find a suitable doctor," and "transportation." In the first year. participants listed their major concerns in this order: hcallh. money, and a desire for ;a hewer -self-image. AI me end of the second year they listed health, crime in the neighborhood, and finances. Dealing With file Problems Residents who were helped with It problem usually bec;tme active in the Center and used it for social support as well, however• there were others who, for reasons of ill health or similar MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES Ft01liES AGING 29 1 A leveling off is occur- ing as more affluent residents go elsewhere, leaving the Neighbor- hood r;unily to those who really nc d it. 30 AGING problems. could not comeand Net supported tit, idea of working together "like n fwnily." A network system w;ls initialed in IIIc trailer parks for these individuals. Its purpose Wats to keep a record of new people moving in. locummunicatc information quickly. In he in close contne, with individuals needing services. and to keep residents informed of center services altd eclivi- ties. During the first year, weekly outdoor meetings were held on a member's p;uin in one of the four trailer parks. This laid [lie groundwork for dealing with larger environmental problems Within tits trailer park and provided ;t hase for collective problem -solving. After a year the en- vironmental prohlen,s were resolved, hilt resi- dents continued to he in close contact with', -he Neighborhood Family. They were already in the habit of cotnacting The Neighborhood 1 :unily for help with everyday problems and crises. and for companionship and social activities. This year, the network meetings have been reactivated in another trailer park which the entire Neighborhood I;unil)' membership. in- cluding policy and agency personnel, identified as one of the worst crime areas in the Ncighbor- hood family community. Their specific objec- tive is to "Reclaim Your N'eighhorhood" and the project has the approval of the trailer park owner. manager. and m:my residents who were already Neighborhood Family members. Iildcrly members are presently olrcring very Young mothers help ,villi child care. Their problem list for future action is lung, including removal of ;I dope -peddling ring. drift, Kell ness, noise. and finally. crime. Ifealth Services The N'eighborlutt,d Family provides sup- portive and preventive community health care. Willi file aid of the nurses, social ,worker. and "the friendly I :unity place.- crises in health care have been largely eliminated. The Well -Adult Health pmgnim in The Neighborhood I;unify now includes screening, lte;lltl, interviews, lectures, blood pressure and weight checks. health counseling. home visits. nal nn exercise program. protect n,cmher's eagerly tit Ik to the nurses mol look forrwnrd to the health inim icw' anti hlood pressure rending. Ilawever. only half of then, comply with instructions or rcfcrr:ds. Some non- contpllei's voice the fear of a disability being discovers. bclicving Ilial Ihcy will he rejected and forced into isolnfion it, people knew dee% were not well. Sonic have had un.satishictory ex- perriences with clinic services. 01 hers .sny Ihcy just wool "lo go it ;done." 1 n sone insuu,ces. it look:1 Year and rnanv interviews to identil,% the snlicnl problems. rroding the resistance of noncontpli- ers is a continuing elrorl. The nurses stake tonne visits and hospital c;dls. 'Their persistence after two veil's is finally paying oil'. Pylembers have hcg tin a regular exercise prograun at the center, and they urge others to "Sec Ilio nurse: "'lo go In your doctor." or "lake care of yourself." There arc lines I'or blood pressure checks. Members accompany one ;mother to a near-hy primary health car, facilil,.• H rllthy older nicnibers look out for the sick. Social Services :md Comlxcling The Neighhorhood family provides direct and referral services invoking personal econom- ic and cnvironntcmal assistnnce. These include road suunps. the Senior Companion Program, SSI, housing, counseling, Will legal aid. Ilol meals are served daily at the Neighborhood Family Center and to die nun nnibulatory at I,onte. Individual and group therapy arc provided by family members and profcssion;d staff. along IIICRDFILMEU BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 140MES with continuing ev;tuation by the psychiatrist and nurses. Social activities include discussion groups on the development of mutually supportive activi- ties, Thursday morning membership meetings, neighhorhood improvement meetings, network systems meetings, hi-nhonthlc trips, parties, and bingo sessions. Nothing is superimposed from above. Members continue to hold weekly meetings and to express their ideas and desires. rbc Board of Direclors plans programs based on these ideas and members vote on the programs. One idea which has been carried through to completion was the Indian Day. which was such a success that ;n Middle Gast Day was planned. public officials have also been brought in to address the Neighborhood Family group on concerns voiced in the Thursday membership meetings and on such issues as garbage fees. insurance rates, and crime. This has led to feelings of personal worth and effectiveness among the members. The scheduling of events or programs reflects the interest and energy level ofthe members. The members, director, social worker, or nurses may ( y, a contribute ideas (or activities, hilt the develop- ment of a program is a mutual effort. The Family paces the "life" of an event whether it is ;in hour. it day. a week. ora month. Budget Based on the stall -service ratio of The Neighborhood Family. this community-based program offers a structure for serving large numbers of individuals at minimal costs. Direct care services, that is, medical, psychiatric, and social sers'ices, were given to 650 people front .July 1975 to .July 1976. '['his number generated 2.500 encounters per month ata cost of S24 per member per year. "['his figure docs not include 1,440 people who came into the Center fur rec- reational. educational, and special events. Contributing to Ute low cost is the volunteer labor of 27 members and the rent-free, electrici- ty -free facility. Summary We have described what can he accomplished in a two-year period in a low-income neighbor- hood composed of residents with multiple physical, psychological, social, environmental. and economic problems. Quasi-11milial bonds and community action have developed in an area of social decay. mutual suspicion. apathy. and hopelessness. The Neighborhood Family dillbrs in the most fundamental sense from other service providers because it is not nuclei- the aegis of an agency extending its scryices to its constituents. It is free to develop its o" it services. The Neighborhood Family is n cummmnity- based and annnumitvadminislcrcd hodv which utidi/es the services of professional personnel working as mcmhcrs of the Family, not apart from its "stall." The elderly participants arc the decision -makers who function as peers with the professionals. The Neighborhood Family can supplement pmgr tis in senior centers. in churches, and in coni mmnity mental health centers. It warrants replication in rural areas. and with other ethaie groups. In its third year. The Neighborhood Flintily Model continues to prove the hypothesis that older people living in the cunununil' can work together as n Family to reduce stress hour personal problems and environmental condi- tions. `Ne4fhlrurhoud Faindr Servirvs. Inc. ,Iliaml. Flu. cls. Russ is un Ihe.vly(/Tr/'!hr (igirrr'.eip' n/. Miami Srlu.(,l a/',Werthinr'.h I)epallmenl ill. Psrrhiuu•r. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MoitirS AGING 71 32 AGING Tennessee Centers Provide the Base for Service Delivery By Mason Rowe and Charles Hewgley Tennessee has long been proud of its growing network of multipurpose senior citizen centers, and for a decade, the Tennessee General Assembly has supported them with the highest level of State funds possible in the budget. In fact, the legislators have come to consider t he mull ipurpose center as a practical focal point for the delivery of services to older Tennesseans. "Currently, the Tennessee Commission on Aging is supporting the opera- tion of 69 centers in 63 of the Slate's 95 counties with Stale funds," says Tom Henry, TCA's executive director, "and we have as our goal es- tablishing a multipurpose center in every county of the state." The overall system of centers, supported both with Title V and State appropriations, includes 83 centers serving 77 counties. Last year, more than 200,000 Tennesseans 55 and older partici- pated in center activities. TCA projects this number may reach 300,000 in FY 1979 if the network is expanded as planned. "A senior center in every county of the State is not really a long-range goal for the Commission on Aging any longer; it is fast becoming a reality," Henry adds. "The TCA has received its greatest shot in the arm from a SI million Tennessee General Assembly appropriation for the establishment and continued operation of multipurpose senior centers for fiscal year 1979." Spport for senior centers, of course, has not come about quickly; it has developed slowly over a number of years. When the Commission on Aging was created by the Tennessee General Assembly in 1963, there was already a strong interest in senior centers. In 1959 the Tennessee Medical Association recommended that 28 public and private organizations concerned with the needs of the elderly consolidate their energies by forming the Tennessee Council on Aging, predecessor of the Commission on Aging. Part of this early interest on aging was encouraged by the senior citizens clubs in the State. The Tennessee Council on Aging wanted to develop local community programs, and early regional council meetings on aging considered "senior citizen programs" at workshops. Even earlier, the senior center concept was fostered bya study and investigation made by the Tennessee Department of Mental Health that began in 1955. Discussions in the fields of medicine, education, social work, business, and industry centered around ways of reducing the growing number of admissions of older people to mental hospitals. A research -oriented group of representatives in these fields approved the concept of establishing a community center as a service, research, and action program with the aim of preventing deterioration in the lateryears. Forming tt single Slate agency for aging was another proposal arising from the discussion, and the Tennessee Council on Aging, predeccs- sor of the Commission on Aging, was founded in 1958. The Governor's State Committee on Aging also had an early interest in senior centers. Established in 1960 to coordinate "grass roots" input for the 1961 White House Conference on Aging, this committee helped to create interest in senior groups in each community organizing as clubs or structured organizations. After five public hearings across the State in preparation for the White House Conference, a strong impetus developed to seek funds for these senior organizations. In 1962 Dr. William A. Keel, Program Specialist for the Governors Stale Committee MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1101r1Es on Aging, wrote: "The purpose of senior citizen groups is to support the physical, mental, financial, and spiritual well-being of older persons who are handicapped or of retirement ago. This can be done by providing personal and vocational counseling, education, recreation. health services, and by actually helping them secure work. In connection with the operation of these definite and direct services there should be a program of (1) research and training, and (2) community education and positive action." his idea gained agreat dealof support among professionals concerned with the problems of the elderly. One of these was Sebastian Tine, then a member of the faculty of the University of Tennessee School of Social Work and a member of the State Council on Aging. Dr. Tine, now the Executive Director of Senior Citizens, Inc. of Nashville, said in a brief overview, "The Social Needs of Older People in Tennessee' (1960): "Il is possible and feasible to envision communities in Tennessee in which private social agencies, municipal departments of recreation and adult education, churches, and civic groups coopera- tively work out a master plan, pulling some recreational program within easy reach of every senior citizen" Within the next few years, the "vision" of having a facility within reach of every senior citizen will have been realized. However, the multipurpose senior center network will be more than recreational centers—they will be strong focal points in the statewide delivery of services as well. Thus, when the interest in aging began in Tennessee, an integral part of that focus was the senior citizens club. As this interest concentrated on the mental deterioration often associated with aging, the senior club became an important part of the solution to the problem. In 1961 an informal directory of "Clubs. Centers, and Other Senior Citizens Groups in Tennessee" was prepared, listing some 50 organizations. A 1962 study stated "there are now five large centers and 52 smaller organized groups on aging," and in 1963, 67 separate organizations were listed. When the Tennessee Commission on Aging became the designated State agency for aging programs on July 1, 1963, it inherited a strong interest in the senior club or center as vehicle of service delivery to the elderly. The Commission continued to work with these clubs and organizations, and though no large amount of money was available to train personnel or to fund projects, the idea of the center as a key feature of the aging network was fostered over the years, and a body of able personnel existed who were already thinking of the center as a multipurpose service delivery system. An important part of the development of this program was a series of training institutes funded through Title III of the Older Americans Act from 1966 to 1969. "The purpose behind the activation of a training institute for adult leaders was to provide a corps of trained leaders to work in senior citizen centers in Tennessee. Training was directed toward providing the knowledge and skills needed to organize, develop, and supervise programs for the well-being of older people in their communities," Tom Henry explained. The primary purpose of the institutes was to give intensive training to men and women over 50 years of age. Selection of students was made with regard to leadership ability, experience in working with the elderly, and personal qualities. The funds included scholarship amounts for each student, and final selection was made by a screening committee. 0 course was concerned withthe psychological aspects of working with persons in the later years of life. A second course was oriented toward the administrative and organizational skills needed to initiate and maintain an effective program for the elderly. The third course taught recreational programming for older persons. All courses were coordinated with extensive field work for every student. As a result of these institutes, a directory was completed, naming almost 100 trained resource people in the field of aging. This traininglaid a firm foundation forthe growth and development of senior centers. Shortly after this training period, the Tennes- see Commission on Aging again published The Directory of Tennessee Centers, Clubs, and Organi:arionsfor Older Peaple(Fcbruary 1971). This directory listed 103 organizations in 32 counties, but these were by no means all multipurpose senior citizen centers. They in- cluded church organizations, business organiza- tions for retirees, and similar groups. In 1972thc MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOVIES AGING 33 directory included 124 organizations in 39 counties. Though each oft bescorganizations played an important role in community programs for senior citizens, some groups played it more intensive role as the key part of itservice delivery system. These were the multipurpose senior citizen centers. These centers, according to the Slate regulations that were developed later by TCA, were defined as follows: "Such centers shall not be resident facilities but shall be used to afford a place for meeting, recreation, and study to Tennessee citizens 55 and older, including establishment of recreational, educational. health, welfare, counseling and referral services. and the provision of opportunities for volunteer services." ven without a large budget to develop senior centers, the Commission on Aging helped to foster at situation favorable to the development of an expanded network of senior centers. The interest in the elderly by Tennessee's citizens was carefully nurtured, and there was a slow but steady increase in the number of clubs and organizations. Through discussion and training programs over a number of years, professional workers in all areas of the State were able to plan effective programs and to design services to enable older Tennesseans to remain inde- pendent. Moreover, throughout the towns and communities there was a belief and trust in the concept of it service delivery multipurpose center. TheTennessee Commission on Aging initiated financial support of senior citizen centers in FY 1966 when two centers—Montgomery County and Marshall County—were funded using Federal monies from the Older Americans Act. By 1969 the number of centers supported by the Commission with Federal funds had increased to nine. In FY 1970, the Stale first appropriated $60,000 for use by the Commission on Aging to fund community programs for aging, including the nine senior centers. These funds were to be used on a 50/50 match wile local communities. In its 1972 annual report, the Commission on Aging outlined the agency's cumulative accom- plishments. The total national budget foo aging programs under the Older Americans Act had steadily increased from SS million in 1966, to $20 34 AGING million in 1970, S25 million in 1971, and $30 II million in 1972. During this period. Title III community grants were available to local agencies to provide services for older persons, and there was additional Federal money for the Retired Scnior Volunteer Program (RSVP) to be used in developing a volunteer corps of senior citizens throughout the State. During fiscal 1972, the Commission awarded $204,263 in Title 111 funds for community service needs, and the Legislature appropriated an additional $60,000 for projects. Local, Model Cities, or Appalach- ian Regional Commission (ARC) funds were required for matching the Title III grants, while the State appropriation was matched by local funds. Other local, private sources provided the remaining cash resources. Through these grants a variety of services were provided, but I I communities chose senior centers as their projects to fund, and one additional community, Knoxville, funded an information and referral program at a center that was receiving monies from the City Department of Recreation. Behind most of these early centers there arc stories showing real dedication and foresight by the early workers and directors. In Lewisburg, Mrs. Clint A. Pickens, now chairman of the Tennessee Commission on Aging, was founder of the Marshall County Senior Citizens. When Mrs. Pickens came to the county, she had no particular interest in working with the aging. Her community interests were the Girl Scouts, Garden Club, and Woman's Club. After intense organizational activity with these pro- grams, she was ready for some rest, but events developed differently. Her reputation as a person with organizational ability and qualities of leadership had already been established. When Marshall County needed an organization for senior citizens, her name name naturally to mind, and she was asked to take the job. wring this initial period, there were no funds for aging programs or senior citizens projects. Groups met in churches and schools, and at one time the Marshall County group shared a building with the Highway Patrol to save rent. In 1973, the Older Americans Act was amended and Federal funding to community projects for senior centers was discontinued effective in 1974. TheTennessee General Assem- bly appropriated $535,000 for use in FY 1975 for the support of centers, and the Commission on MICROFILMED In' JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOVIES I I i Aging funded 55 centers. In FY 1976, State support was reduced to $335,000 and 47 centers were funded. Many were seriously hampered in their operation by the lack of adequate funding. Additional funds were needed to support the core operation of the centers to give them the administrative and financial stability to attract other financial sources. A great deal of the credit for obtaining Stale support for this growing network of senior centers goes to the Tennessee Federation for the Aging. This federation of concerned people was conceived and organized by Mrs. Pickens in 1970. She and her colleagues in the Federation fell that if elderly Tennesseans were to receive Political consideration, they would have to be supported by an active advocate organization. Mrs. Pickens served as president of the Federa- tion for the first two years of its existence. The role of the Federation for the Aging in developing the network of senior citizen centers is impossible to overestimate. Its members and officers were respected members of their com- munities, and they were the trained, key Personnel in Tennessee aging programs. Mem- bership in the Federation was constantly increasing, and its members were influential. They had, moreover, the knowledge to tell what the needs of the State's elderly were, and, in the case of the senior center, they were the trained professionals who were delivering the services to the elderly. It is no wonder that the Tennessee General Assembly quickly understood that the multipurpose senior center could play an important role in raising the quality of life of the older Tennessean and could do much towards maintaining the elderly in their own (tomes. Mrs. Pickens explained the origins of the Federation. "The reason the Tennessee Federa- tion for the Aging was organized is because, at that time, the Commission on Aging felt they could not take an active part in politics nor an active part in soliciting funds from the General Assembly for senior citizen projects. We [senior centers] felt that we needed a political arm for the aging in the State of Tennessee. That is the primary reason that people were called together from all over the State, and we organized with that one purpbse in mind from the very begin- ning. "The predominant feeling among center directors at that time," she added, "was that they knew they were getting a three-year gnat from the Federal government (under Title 111), and they knew they would have to get strength— political strength—in membership and activity in order to secure additional financial support after the Federal funds expired." Mr. Richard Block, current president of the Federation, said, "I think one of the prime motives for establishment of the Tennessee Federation for the Aging was to create sonic unity among senior centers. Up until 1970 we werejust a lot of individual units, each going our own way, and each trying to succeed towards our own particular ends. With the formation of the Federation, we were able to get together to discuss the needs of older Tennesseans and through a network of organizations to work together not only to secure funding but also to formulate common goals and common ends." feels that the strength of the Federation is basically with the individual membership."We always felt our strength was in the numbers of members and the network of organizations stretching across the Stale. We have expanded our membership so that we have about 1,700 individual registered members today. However, if you go by the number of members who are representatives of groups, this would include upwards of 40,000 to 50,000 persons." "Our whole aim from the very beginning," Mrs. Pickens emphasizes, ,was to have a senior citizen center in everycounly in the Statc. We fell that they should have the same representation that the health and welfare departments have with their local offices in tach county. We felt the senior citizens needed it place to go with their problems for help just as with these other departments:' "Tennessee was one of the first states to recognize the value of a multipurpose center and what it could do to get people into the mainstream of life and away from feelings of self - depreciation and isolation," Block said. "Today, Tennessee probably has as many centers for our population as any State in the country. The center has been a very viable instrument. 1 think more than anything else, with per unit cost, that there is no question that taxpayers receive greater benefits for their tax dollar through the use of multipurpose centers. 1 have projected some figures on what it cost lhcCityof Memphis in terms of cost per individual per year. It is less than two dollars a person. When you consider what it saves the government in institutional care costs, not to mention the value of the happiness of the individual, there isjust no way you could keep from calling this a bargain:' MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1101tIES AGING 35 36 AGING Speaking of the future of the Federation, Block says, "I see a changing philosophy for the Federation toward providing more technical assistance. We have been, in some instances, very helpful to those counties who are setting up centers where none existed before. I see this as a very promising future for the Federation:' The Tennessee Federation for the Aging has been named the State affiliate for the National Institute of Senior Centers which is a part of the National Council on Aging. Last yearthercwere 18 such State units. Block said most of the Stale organizations for centers are made up of professionals, and volunteers are not involved. He thinks it is better to have a mixture of the volunteer sector, as well as the professional. "There is one way in which the Federation is penalized," Block explained. "Because we work with the Legislature as a lobbying organization, there is a limitation on our certification as a nonprofit organization by the Internal Revenue Service. We have a 501C(4) designation which gives us certain privileges such as being tax- exempt and qualifying for the nonprofit mail rate; however, we cannot solicit contributions from individuals so the person can take a personal tax deduction for charitable contribu- tions." M1 TCA staff is now processing applications for FY 1979 grants for multipurpose senior centers. With the total amount of funds—Slate and Federal—available for use during the fiscal year expected to exceed $2.5 million. TCA has developed one standard application which is accompanied by a detailed.50-page"Manual for Administration of Stale Appropriations for Multipurpose Centers." Underlying the scheme for final grant awards must be some type of allocation formula which aims at an equitable distribution of the available funds. Usually the formula is based on some equal standard for each county plus an addition- al amount based on the 60+ population in the county. By the end of June each year, the seniorcenter grant awards will be announced. The monitoring cycle begins anew. Field visits from both program and fiscal staff will continue through the next year to aid each project in fulfilling the requirements of the grant awards. The senior center story grows longer each year in Tennessee; each new chapter adds more older Tennesseans who are reaping the benefits of increased funds and services. In the words of Tennessee Governor Ray Blanton, in his closing address to some 1,400 older Tennesseans at the 1978 Governor's Con- ference: "There's no doubt that we're moving toward a new appreciation of older Americans and the rich talent and wisdom that we can tap from them just for the asking. "After all, sooner or later, if we're lucky, we'll all be older ... and 1 agree with Charles Kcttcr- ing who said 'we should all be concerned with the future because that's w1rure we have to spend the rest of our lives: " For an increasing number of older Tennes- seans, "spending the rest of their lives" will be a little more pleasant because they will probably be able to spend part of it at a multipurpose senior center. *itlr. Rowe is a Research Anal vsi and hlr. //cu•g4;r is u Public /� jnrnmrion Offirer with the Tennessee Coni nis- sion on Aging. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 110RIES 5 One "Little House" Grows Into a Multipurpose Center By Andrew V. Bradley Jr. Since its inception in 1949, Little House had been more than a physical facility. It has been a philosophy concerned with the caring, dignity, independence, and self-fulfillment of the older person. Little House is a multi-purpose center, which today offers a range of programs and services to older people from all socio-economic, racial, cultural, and religious backgrounds. Founded 29 years ago by the peninsula Volunteers, it group of civic -minded young women who wanted to make a contribution to their community, the center began in It small rented house, which was affectionately labeled "Little House" by partici- pants and sponsors alike. Because no precedent had been set, programs were generally conducted on a trial and error basis. Two centers antedate Little House—the William Hodson Center in New York City and the San Francisco Senior Center. Both of these, however, are in large urban settings, in contrast to Little Houses suburban location. The complex of problems confronting the urban center and the suburban center require quite different solutions and strategies. The Little House program grew by leaps and bounds, and resulted in the construction of the first phase of the cu rrent facility. The struct ure of the one-story building is California ranch -style. The Peninsula Volunteers financed construction through private philtunhropy, which continues to he the primary financial base for Little House's programs. The construction of it facility specifically designed as a center for older people established a precedent with many advantages. The newly built facility reduced architectural barriers and provided au warn physical selling. The center has been expanded three more times, and several wings of the present building form a quadrangle around a spacious inner courtyard. Presently, consideration is being given to yet another large addition. The center is open seven days and six evenings each week. During its development, Little House has been the focus of at Ford Foundation Study and has been used as a model by the Administra- tion on Aging in its literature on multi-purpose centers. Membership Continues to Crow Membership is open to any adult 50 and over. Because the center is privately funded, there are no geographical or other restrictions on mem- bership. Since 1958 total membership has grown from 1,300 to 3,000 with 565 personsjoining in 1977. The age distribution of Little House members forms an almost perfect bell curve. The mean age for members in 1977 was 72, and the median age was 73. Throe -fourths of the members arc women. A significant percentage of the older individu- als who utilize Little House etre members. The annual membership fee is $12 but is reduced or waived for those who cannot afford the fee. The 80 percent of Little House members over 65 are not essentially different from the peoplcof their age in the community, but the 20 percent under age 65 are different. Not only docs Little House attract a much lower proportion of persons under 65, it also attracts it somewhat atypical group. On the average, they have less education and income, are more likely to be widowed or divorced, in have serious health troubles, and to he retired or unemployed even in their 50's. In other words, the younger Little House members includea larger proportion than Uil MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 110111ES ACING 37 The construction of a facility speeificadly de- signed as a Center for older people has cstah- lished it precedent with many advantages. ,i8 A(IING does the entire community of persons who have prematurely some of the troubles that one linds to be associated with age. There are no great demographic dinerences between members and their counterparts in the community. However, there seem to he signifi- cant behavioral and attitudinal differences. Little House members are a more active group after age 65 than non-members. They are more likely to look forward to retirement and to enjoy it. In general I-ittle House members have been throughout their lives more likely to be"joiners" than non-members. Reasons for joining Little House include wanting to meet people and find new friends, needing to fill time and relieve boredom, and wanting to be of service to Little House and the community. It is interesting to note that it large percentage of persons became nembers within two years after some event in their lives which left them lonely or v.ok away some of the psychological support they de- pended on. Approximately 50 percent of the Little House membership use the centereach month. '[*here is a high incidence of usage of the center by the members. Factors which account for frequent attendance at Little House include living close by or being able to drive one's own car, being retired so more free time is available, and being widowed. Therc is also a trend for older members to use the center more often than younger members. The impressively high participation by members in their 70's and 80's shows that older people call continue to be interested and active when opportunities continue to be available. It is also significant that almost as many non- members utilize the center each year as do members. This is primarily through adult edu- cation and community college classes, as well as the counseling office. Meeting the Needs of the Community Little House is located in Menlo Park, one of a group of communities strung along the Peninsu- la south of San Franciaco. The communities which Little House serves are predominately white-collar, middle- to upper -middle-class residential areas. There are at number of older people living in the communities served by Little House, many of whom moved to the arca lobe near their children and to enjoy the mild climate. According to projections of the 1970 census. San Mateo County, in which Menlo Park is located, has a population of approximately 80,000, 14 percent of whom are over 60. The number of aged in the County is, however, increasing at a faster rate than the total population. Although the county's population increased 25 percent from 1960 to 1970, the aged population increased by 42 percent. From its beginnings, Little House has drawn members from Menlo Park aswcllas increasing - MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAP] DS•JrC 'i01 IIf S ly substantial numbers from neighboring com- munities. A little over one-third of the members are Menlo Park residents, most of the remainder coming from communities within a 30 -mile radius of the center. Apartment complexes abound in the vicinity of the beautiful park in which Little House is located. A very high percentage of the renters are active members, many of whom moved there specifically for that reason. However, skyrocketing property taxes in recent years have raised rents beyond the means of many older people, forcing them to leave the area. These same costs have also forced older couples to give up homes in the Hay Arca and move to less expensive communities. Concomi- tantly, there is a shortage of rental units in the Menlo Park area, and an abundance of homes, which for the most part are inappropriate for the older population. The Peninsula Volunteers are working on this problem by building a 100 -unit apartment complex for low-income seniors. Also, the Little House Counseling Office is developing a Shared -Housing project, as well as providing up-to-date housing information and referrals. While current membership is about 3,000, approximately 7,000 adults use Little House each year for adult education and other classes which are open to the public. From its beginning, the Peninsula Volunteers believed that Little House should be governed by its members. This is accomplished through a Little House Council, which receives adivice and assistance from the Peninsula Volunteer Board, and the Little House staff, which currently includes 27 full-time and IG part-time employees. Internal and External Programs Center programming is divided into internal and external programs, which are interdcpcnd- ent in their functioning. The internal programs are those provided within the center. During a normal week, there are over 80 formally -structured activities offered to participants, accounting for an average of 23,250 units of service each month. Formad activities fall under the categories of education, arts and crafts, cultural and social events, physical fatness, and games. Educational classes offered by Little (louse have received a tremendous response from participants and one facet, the Emeritus Insti- tute, has succeeded far hcyond expectations.7he latter is comprised of college level classes taught by retired or semi -retired professors, who are salaried by Canada College, the local conmmunity college. Examples of courses offered include current affairs, oceanography, art, and litera- ture. Emeritus Institute students, many of whom have not completed high school, welcome the opportunity to take tuition -free college courses in a familiar and convenient setting without the hassles of campus registration. Another aspect of the structured activities within the center is the lunch program, which operates Monday through Friday, serving caf- eteria -style hot meals. Approximately 170 low- cost meals are served daily, including two or three choices of entrees. Any deficit incurred in the lunch program is underwritten by the Peninsula Volunteers who opted not to use Tille VII funds under the Older Americans Act. The lunch program is one of the oldest offered by the center and is the main part of many parlicipatitti day. Particular emphasis is paid to holidays so that those who do not have a family meal to attend can come to Little (louse. The Christmas and Thanksgiving dinners are so popular that many participants choose to collie to Little (louse rather than cal with relatives. M uch of the centers success is based on the use of member volunteers since a high degree of volunteerism allows for a cost-effective delivery MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS. DES 101aE5 During the week, there are over 80 fornaally- structured activities of- fered to participants. 40 AGING of service. Another benefit of active membership is the older individuals' willingness to offer constructive criticisms of programs and general operations, which are acted upon whenever possible. Transportation is a major problem for the elderly in San Mateo County, as it is throughout the United States. Public modes of transporta- tion within the County include taxi, convention- al bus service, specialized transportation in designated target areas, and a few volunteer and non-profit organizations which provide services. Motor Vehicle Department figures show that 41 percent of persons 65 years and older in San Mateo County have no valid driver's licenses. Because of prohibitive taxi fares, most of the elderly must get around on public transportation or with family and friends. County transporta- tion has greatly expanded in the last four years, however, and now provides daily bus service to Lithe House at half-hour intervals. Even so, the majority of members d rive their own cars or walk to Little House and being independent of public transportation seems to be a selective factor in active membership at Little House. A specialized transportation and escort project provides door-to-door service to handi- capped and frail persons who need transporta- tion or escorts to medical services, social service appointments, or shopping. Four 8 -passenger vans operate Monday through Friday, and there are four escorts who function independently of the vans. The program is designed losupplement county transportation for mobility -impaired individuals. Staffed by five people, the Preventive Health Education program provides lectures and courses on exercise, rudimentary disease diagno- sis, first aid, and relaxation. The program's primary goal is providing health education programs to small clubs or groups throughout the county which do not have the resources to conduct their own programs. The program, particularly the exercise courses, has been well received. The center's alcoholism program was estab- lished in response to the plight of the older alcoholic. The project counsels older problem drinkers and their families, refers them to pertinent services, sensitizes other alcoholism service providers to the needs of the elderly drinker, and offers educational programs for groups of older people. The newest component of Little House is the External Program, which provides an nverage of 5,840 units of service monthly to individuals who generally do not frequent the center. These services include information, referral and coun- seling, home delivered meals, Teen -Aide, spe- cialized transportation and escort, preventive health, and alcohol counseling and education. Due to demand, the Information, Referral & Counseling Office is open six days perweek. Any inquiries that cannot be immediately answered by the staff, which is composed of senior citizens, are referred to a resource group of experts. Frequently the counseling office acts as a facilitator in combining a number of Little House programs to meet an individual's needs. Closely integrated into the I & R OOiceand the lunch program is the home delivered meals program, staffed entirely by member volunteers. Individuals desiring the home delivered meals service are processed through the information and referral office to ascertain whether other services may also be needed. A personal visit is made to the home of the individual and a plan is developed to get the olderperson out of his home and off the home delivered meals program as soon as possible when appropriate. The Teen -Aid program is basically a chore - worker service, utilizing high school students. The project, which operates out of the informa- tion and referral office, is often combined with other Little House services in meeting the older individuals needs. 'file intergenerational ele- ment of the project has been extremely success- ful. Other programs provided by the Peninsula Volunteers which are directly administered by Little House or closely affiliated to it are the Partridge Apartments for low-income elderly persons, Rosener House, it day center for the frail elderly, and prc-retirement planning, an educational program for local businesses and industry. These projects, though not organiza- tionally a part of Little House, are additional resources to be mobilized in meeting the needs of the older population. In thcopemtion of Little House, the Peninsula Volunteers adhere to a multipurpose philos- ophy, which has enabled the center to offer cost- effective programs and to address the needs of older participants in a dignified manner. Whitt Little House will be in the future will be determined by the needs of the older population. A commitment by the Peninsula Volunteers to provide a dynamic rather than a static Little House ensures programs which can adapt and expand. *Alr. 11radler is Ereculive Director of Little House in Alcnlo Park, Califurnla. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MoIREs The Stoof Hudson wtuild By Fritzie R. Kart Q"ce upon a time. almost 111 gems ago• Chelsemts who had conic it, the Iludson Nei glthorlit o(I Ilou,c as eoungsicts. teenagers, pmcols. and adulh. Irl the (iuild knaM that Thep valued mud needed actisities and screices as older adults. the Scillejoellt Ilousc. commil(ed to of%ring opportunities to its Chelsea ncighhors lea ;t nwrrsnisl) ins life in the convnanitc. respon(lc(I M organising. under the aegis of the I)tpanment of Social Services. one of the earliest "day centers for seniors.— millet small group mel it, the hnsentenl of a Innucdesigned 1»'Or..lohn I.. Flliott in Iheeariv 1900's as a model tenement and tic)' chose IIIc natnc of the Flliotl Neighbors ('tub. Sicnili- "I'll.%- the locos of actkities in the Selticmcat I IOIIG(• was in cluhs. To lhisday.long-lime participants rete, othe center as their ..chub." Despite the tnu'anee by steep stairs leading through a still -street cotirl- yard and the limited space. ncighbos \etc soon Joined he older people llom other arras Miele Iherc Mau no such "club." the;mkities Mere prinmrilp social +uul rccr(•utional. hill soon the Iludson Guild inu'odttced a small lunch. Other resources. alhcit guile limited. Mere also made mailable. Among thrill Mas. and still is. the beatilif ll ucalion Ltcilitc ;It the Iludson Guild Farts. I I udson (mild sponsors also pro%ided lot a Stieda) allernoon social. a tradition which is c still heinmaintained. A ('lull Remote% a ('enter The tlderl)', with the support of Iludson Guild. hepnn w;uk lite more inelusice programs and services. \\'hilt the sloM'and arduous process of plaiming to obtain space in a projccle'l housing facilit}was taking place. the salter Mark Miele the lilliott Neighbors ('lull nut was demolished he the Federal Postal Aulhority- MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB P.: The nutrition pro- gram, which serves breakfast to 30 people and lunch ua an average of 200, has effectively Changed the eating habits of it number of the elderly. 42 AGING Members then had to move to temporary quarters but the seniors endured that move as they did the move to their "nets" home at the Hudson Guild -Fulton Senior Center. Through the combined interest of the community, both individuals and agencies, the Center, with 14,000 square feel of indoor space and 8,000 square feet of garden, was opened as what was then considered to he a model senior center. It is still very adequate, although not perfect, to serve the 250 to 300 persons who come to the center on any one day. When the Fulton Center was opened 14 years ago, the Hudson Guild assumed full linancial responsibility. It helped the seniors organize as the Fulton Senior Association, with by-laws, elected officers, and an independent treasury. In attempting to respond to the needs which seniors identified. [here was a continuing exploration of ways of extending services and programs. Very slowly, the impact ol'growing numbers of elderly was being fell and, increasingly, government began to respond, often with demonstration programs. The pioneer meals and nutrition program was initiated with Federal funding and the center members formed the CAFE CO-OP to participate:nd plan for thecurrent progr maid eventual take-over should it become necessary. A social worker was hired tit help with personal and family problems through funds provided by Hudson Guild. During this period the Center had participated in it federally funded program of outreach to the elderly and an income maintenance demonstra- tion program had conte and gone. Because their needs for these services continued, the Center developed a program of its own, known as the Communicators, using voluntary funds. This program now includes it stair of I I who provide outreach, escort, and personal service chores, pay hills, act as advocates, deliver lunches, and identify unnel needs which can he handled by other agencies. As the number of entitlement and assistance programs, mostly government spon- sored, increased, each with its own standards of eligibility, the Fulton Center took on the added roles of informulion-giving, advocacy, and intervention. The Center's still]' also gave continuing encouragement and support to the members to discuss their problems and needs and to point out the flaws or deficiencies which might he corrected by working together. In dealing with problems that need immediate attention, the Center often tracks down neces- sary rceords, spends days at agencies to obtain appropriate services for a center participant or acts at hearings and appeals. Informed voters - M and the elderly, as everyone is learning, are voters—are effective agents, especially through on-going or ad hoc coalitions for social change, both administrative and legislative—and this, too, is one of the center's concerns. Contracting has become the means of obtain- ing needed programs and the sponsoring agency, Hudson Guild, now enjoys several contractual agreements with government sources, which are funding more inclusive and comprehensive services. Our staff roster reads like it listing in the Federal Register—sonic come through Title VI I and Title IN of the Older Americans Act, Title III of the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act, and Title XX of the Social Security Act, along with guest staff provided from time to time bythe City University under the Continuing Education grants. Al present the Center has 1,265 actively registered members. The age range is somewhat wider now than originally, with an increasing number in their sixties, a large number in their seventies, and a smaller but significant numberin their eighties and nineties. In their own Association, of which all are automatically members, the elderly function as leaders and participants, lending support to the center by giving direction and help, often concrete and monetary. file Advisory Commit- tee for the Meals and Nutrition and the Multi - Service program helps to make decisions alTecting the Centers staning and operations. They decide on the amount for the suggested contribution for meals and what kind of service they prefer. They initiate and often help to lead programs through their own talents so that what was, years ago, it simple arts and crafts and recreational program, has evolved into a varied one geared to many different tastcsand interests. One Slop Shopping If the center is not yet a "one slop' resource, we are somewhat like it supermarket with members selecting what they need in the center or for home delivery. Classes and groups now include exercise, dance, yoga, drama, chord and instrumental music, sculpting, ceramics, line arts, several Innguaages, gardening, arts and crafts of many kinds, sewing, group discussions, grooming, "I Love New York" walking tours, and table games. Some people conic daily. staying into the evening, including Saturdays and Sundays. 'Pickets to concerts, opera, the ballet, and thentre are in great demand and guest concerts in the center are special events. Vacations at the Iludson Guild Faun include out -of -season trips its well as summer sessions in the specially constructed senior facililics. Day MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES ROItirS trips to beaches, parks, and the Hodson Guild Farm have become an important part of the program. Hispanic members, who ha ve formed a Hispano-Americano Grupo, share their culture with other members and take full part in all center activities. If younger seniors are finding Center partici- pation a satisfying experience, older ones find it equally useful. Discount programs, coupon exchange, and referrals for volunteer service, and sometimes even jobs, cut across age lines. Help with personal problems, crisis intervention, and negotiation of the complicated Medicare. Medicaid, social security, public assistance, Supplemental Security Income, health, legal, and housing systems, are used by seniors of all ages. Members with common health disabilities, such as limited vision or diabetes, meet together to learn more about their problems and to share information and views. Special health tests or immunization programs, as well as the screening service provided weekly in the Center by staff of the Community Medicine Department of a local hospital, are valued. -rhe current stationing of a local social service office staff worker at the center once a week only points up the need for such working arrange- ments with other agencies for more effective and expeditious handling of entitlements and service requests. 'rhe center was instrumental in the development of a Hospital Visiting Health team to the homebound and relations with that program and with the hospital's many depart- ments are closely maintained. For the home- bound or frail, the telephone service offers reassurance with the back-up of the many center services. Those who cannot come to the center are brought in the minibus, which isalso used for lunch deliveries and escorting for clinic, medical, or other appointments. The minibus is also used for groups, enabling many who could not take part in special out -of -center activities to partici- pate with the larger community. Specialty Services If the Center provides a supermarket ap- proach, people still need the specialty shops— those agencies which deliver specialized services. One of the more frustrating and less successful areas of intervention has been in the housing Field, although there has been limited success with complaints, ret increase exemptions, applications, and Section 8 filings. While the Hudson Guild was instrumental in the building of the Senior Housing facility with 94 apart- ments some years ago, there have been noelderly housing start-ups lately. 'through continuing participation in Councils and Boards, however, it is hoped that such needs will eventually get action. 'rhe local police precinct has been persuaded to accept a center member as a liaison between the elderly and the police. Some use of a youth escort group is made as needed. Both staff and seniors are members of a local Council for the Elderly and members serving on one of its committees were responsible for securing city- wide discounts in a foodmarket chain. 'rhe Meals and Nutrition program successfully fulfilled its "demonstration" charge and proved the need and feasibility ofa meals program in the center and for the homebound. An integral part of the center's comprehensive program, it has included health and nutrition education and effectively changed the eating habits of it number of the elderly. Individual consultative help related to health and diet problems is also given. In addition, breakfast is served to about 30 persons and lunch loan average of 200 daily in the Center and 75 in their homes. All meads are planned to accommodate medically prescribed special diets and, within a general menu, choices are offered in accordance with personal prercren- ces. Given the opportunity to offer a 10 -month- long weekend mels program- we hoped that it would somehow be continued. It was not, but the service, even for that short time, was important. Since the goad of the Fulton Center, as it part of the Hudson Guild, is to oll'era more satisfying life within the community. services and activities are designed to meet that goal. We knowthat our Communicators and meads programs, in concert with the variety of health and Social Service Department's services, have helped to keep many older persons from leaving their homes for long- term care institutions. Such simple services as lending wheel chairs or talkers or canes make it possible for others to gel about within their own limitations. When it becomes necessary, the Center's stall' assist people in finding the most satisfactory and appropriate alternatives to remaining at home. In fact, center members recently worked in a connnunily fund raising to save a nearby nursing [ionic. Hopefully, there will he no "ending." not even it happy one. to the story of Hudson Guild - Fulton Senior Cetera but rather a series of chapters of ever-growing ways of making available a wider vauiety ol'services and activities parlicularly oriented to that 22 percent of our neighborhood who are 60 and over. *dlr. Kan is Director of the llurlaau Guild - Fulton Senior Center, New fork C'io% Aq CROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES Vacations at the Hud- son Guild Farm in- clude out -of -season trips as well as summer sessions. AGING 43 Course Calendar June 26.30. Clinical Practice With the Center, 15 Garrison Ave., Durham, NH State University. Director, Summer Elderly and Their Families. At the 03824. Institute, Center for Studies in Aging, University of Chicago. Toby Lou Hofs- the University, 1'. O. Box 13.138, Den - fund, School of Social Service Adminis- July 10 -July 21. The Older Ilvoman in tun, TX 76203. tration Summer Institutes, Center for Contemporary Society. At North Texas Continuing Education, 1307 E. 60th St., State University, Director, Sumner July 25-26. Lang Tenn Care: Instituter Chicago, If. 60637. Institute, Center for Studies in Aging, and Their Alternatives. At the New the University, P.O. Box 13438, Den- England Gerontology Center. Summer June 26.30. Federal Progra+us and the ton, TX 76203. Institute Director, the Center, 15 Garri- Older Citizen: What Are the lrsncs son Ave., Durham, NH 03824. Today? At the University of Chicago. July 10 -July 21. Transportation Sys. Toby Lou Hofslund, School of Social ternr Planning for the lildedy and July 27.28. Tooling Up forAccersihili- Service Administration Summer Insti- 14andicapped. At North Texas State ty. In Kansas City, Air. Rita McGaugh- tutes, Center for Continuing Education, University. Directur,Summer Institute, ey, Coordinator of Education and 1307 G 60th St., Chicago, IL 60637. Center for Studies in Aging, the Uni- Training, the National Easter Seal So- versity, P.O. Box 13438, Denton, TX ciety, 2023 W. Ogden Ave., Chicago, II. June 26 -July 7. Ethnic Di/ferencer in 76203. 60612. Older People. At North Texas State University. Director, Summer Institute, July 10 -July 2I. Adminirtratiou of July 3I•Aug. 12. S+oonner Residential Center for Studies in Aging, the Uni- Programs in Aging: Funding. At North Institute in Gerontology. At Syracuse versity, P.O. Box 13438, Denton, TX Texas State University. Director, University. Dr. Hidde Van Duym, Ad - 76203. Summer Institute, Center for Studies in ministrator, Continuing Education in Aging, the University, P.O. Box 13438, Gerontology, University College, 610 E. June 26 -Judy 7. hthica( Considerations Denton, TX 76203. Fayette St., Syracuse, NY 13210. in Long -Term Care. At North Texas State University. Director, Summer July 17.19. Pourer and It's Wes: rinaly- Aug. 1. A/finrmtiveAction and Egmd Institute, Center for Studies in Aging, air and Intervention. At the New Eng- Enrplop hent Opportunity Ilvorkrhop. the University, P.O. Box 13438, Den- land Gerontology Center. Summer In- At the Jack Tar Hotel, San Francisco, ton, TX 76203. stitute Director, the Center, 15 Garri• Calif. Donna Smith, National Graduate son Ave., Durham, NH 03824. University, 1101 N. Highland St., Ar - June 26 -July 7. Pre -Retirement Plan- lington, VA 22201. ring. At North Texas State University. July 23.28. h"Ne ly /louring Manage. Director, Summer Institute, Center for meat Training Program. At Sheraton Aug. 2- i. Negotiation and Adoini.n Studies in Aging, the University, P.O. National Motor Hotel, Arlington, Va. tration of Federal Grants and Con - Box 13438• Denton TX 76203. National Center for Housing Manage- tracts. At the Jack Tar Hotel, San mens, 1133 - I5th St., N.W., Suite 611, Francisco, Calif. Donna Smith, Nation - June 26•August 2. /pug Tenn Cum Washington, DC 20005. al Graduate University, 1101 N. High. Administration. At the University of 24 f• .26. lifelong At the Jul), ` R Lcwrnin g' land St., Arlington, VA 22201. Miami. Institute for the Study of Aging, New England Gernmulugy Caner. Aug. 2-'4. Socia/ Context o/ Aging: the University, Building 49 A, Coral Summer Institute Director, the Center, Aging I arews. At the New England Gables, FI.33124. 15 Garrison Ave., Durham, NH 03824. Gerontology Center. Summer Institute Director, the Center, 15 Garrison Ave., June 26 -Aug. 2. Ilvorkrbop in Ifdnna July 2.1 -Aug. •1 The Religions Com- Durham, NH 03824. tion: Art and the lilderlj•. Ai the Uni- nnn+i{p in The Lh-e.r of OlderAd+dt.r. At vers ity of Atiaini. Institute for tlhe Study North Texas State University. Direc• Aug. 5. Proposal Preparation Clinic. of Aging, the University, Building 49A, tor, Summer Institute, Center for Stu. At the Jack Tar Hotel, San Francisco, Coral Gables, FI. 3312.1. dies in Aging, the University, P.O. Box Calif. Donna Smith. National Graduate 13.138, Denton, TX 76203. University, 1101 N. Highland St., At. Jul), 10.14, IiuvinnnncuWl Ii,a rricrr. lington, VA 22201. Ef/cctive• Environmentsfor Older Peo- July 2.1 -Aug. •I. Gerontology Cnrdcn- ple, At the New England Gerontology hon and Progran+ Planning for the Aug. 7.9. Ne•Rotiatioo and Arbnini.r- Center. Summer Institute Director, the Community College. At North Texas tration of Federal Grants anal Con. 44 AGING MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1101tics r MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIRES Course Calendar tracts. At the Harvest House Hilton Hotel, Boulder, Colo. Donna Smith, Sept. 6i-I5. Congregate Housing: An At the Sheraton Biltmore Hotel, Atlan- National Graduate University, 1101 N. Ensereing Need. At Pittsburgh Hyan House, Pittsburgh, Pa. National ta, Ga. Donna Smith, National Gradu- Highland St., Arlington, VA 22201. Center for Housing Management, 1133 - 15th ate•University, 1101 N. Highland St., Arlington, VA 22201. Aug, 8-10. Milieu Therapy in Treat. St., N.W., Suite GI I, Washington, DC 20005. Oct. 24-26. orent Settings for the lildedy. At the Negotiation and Adzninis. tralion o/ Federal lrraats Con- New England Gerontology Center. Summer Institute Director, the Center, Sept. 21.22. Congregate Housing: An and tracts. At the Sheraton Biltmore Hotel, 15 Garrison Ave., Durham, NH 03824. Need.. Stouffer's Denver Atlanta, Ga. Donna Smith, National Inn, Deny Inn, Dcnvcr, Colu. National Center for Graduate University, 1101 N. Highland Aug. 10. Proposal Preparation Clinic. Housing Management, 1133- 15th St., N.W., Suite 611, Washington, DC St., Arlington, VA 22201• At the Harvest House Hilton Hotel, 20005. Oct. 27. Proposal Preparation Clinic. Boulder, Colo. Donna Smith, National At the Sheraton Biltmore Hotel, Arlan- Graduate University, 1101 N. Highland Oct. 3-5. liighreeuth Inrtiuile or Fed- ta, Ga. Donna Smith, National Gradu. St., Arlington, VA 22201. oral Funding. At the Shoreham- ace University, 1101 N. Highland St., Americana Hotel, Washington, D.C. Arlington, VA 22201. Aug. 10• I I. Congregate /iorrriug: Au Donna Smith, National Graduate Uni-c @nrerging Need. At University of New versity, 1101 N. Highland St., Arlin g- - Nov,) 10. Congregate Hooting: Hampshire, Durham, N.H. National [on, VA oto nAn Iarn�rgiug Need. At Edgewater Inn, , Center for Housing Management, _ _01. Seattle, Wash. National Center for 1133 - 15111Sr., N. Suite 611, Washington, Oct. 12-13. Congregate Housing. An Housing Management, 1133-15th St., N.W., Suite 611. DC 20005. F-nerging Need. At Sheraton-Dallas Washington, DC 20005. Sept. 10-15. Elderly Flouring Alanage. meat Training Hotel, Dallas, Tex. National Center for Housing Management, l l 33-15th St., Nov. 12.17. lllderly Housing Manage. program, At Ramada O'Hare Inn, Des Plaines, III. National N.W., Suite 611, Washington, DC mens Trrinirne Program. At Hilton Ira, Center for Housing Management' 20005, South, Orlando, Fla. National Center 1133 -15th Sr., N.IXn., Suitt C I I, \Va- shington, DC 20005. Oct. 23. Affirmative Action and Equal for Housing Management, 1133.15th St., N.W., Suite 611, Washington, DC laaplo)'ncnt Opporinli(y lVorkshop. 20005. Conference Calendar June 20-21. Got•er•nar} Conference rill rigiae. At the Lausche Building, Ohio Office on Aging, 901 9th St., lin, 609, Oct. 22-2-f. 7•u'ent; 'o, ur/ rAnnna/ State Fairgrounds, Columbus, Ol,iu. \lihv:wkcc, WI 53233. C.nrernnr'r Coo/ere•urr or lIgio•(�. At Ohio Commission on Aging, 50 Wes( Broad Street, 9th Fluor. Columbus, Aug, 20-25. The Sllh International the• Century Center, South Bend, Ind. Indiana Commission on Aging, 215 N. OH 43215. C•auererr o CerootolrtKy. y � � In Tokyo, Sc•n:uc• Ave., Indianapolis, IN �i6202. Japan. Dc Mo (aaka Murakami, Chair- June28.30.Almnagirngl6nuauSe'n'in's mail of the National Organizing Cum. mince, theCongress,c/uTukyuMe•tro. Oct. 28.29. 77)c• 1978 Annual Alerting (if the, ly�cflc•ruMillion o/The Amer•i. the Problem of Prodru't. At the Wood. Like Inn lintel, Sacramento, Calif. pulitan Gerhuric Hospital. 32.2, Sakae- call Geriahic, .Sncir/1'. In Denver, Colo. Frank Institute for HItalian Service Manage. cho, habashi-kit,'I'ukpu, japan 17i. B. McGlunc, d1.D., Executive Direcor, 61e•dical Case and Research meat. 1713.1 St., Suite 8, Sacramento. CA 9581.1. Aug. 26-Sept. 16. 1lioun•dic�d iLrperlr I•nundatiun, 1565 Clarkson St.. Denser, o/ A,cine: it liuropcda Si udr 7bnr. At 00 80218. July 6-7. The Second Annual Institute reran}/r{ly. the University (if GJifurni, at Los Angeles. Department of Iliulugical ;u,d Nov. f-5. Alcnhenhip ,Jlvelin{q o/Ibe N,aiont/ Accreditation Council%r ua AI the Pfister Hotel, Alihvaukcc,\\'is.5tanlc}'Lapidu.•Insti- Physical Sciences, UCLA lixtc•nsio all l(ecnrier Serving the 0hodanl Nirnd/y title Coordinator. Milwaukee County P.O.Box 2.1902,Los Angeles,CA90024. Maurlira/rprrl. At O.1-lore Hilton Idutcl, Chicago. Ill. The Council, 79 ,Madison Avc., N'cw fork, N'1' 111016. AGING 45 r MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIRES :, . News Notes Intern Program Draws Seniors to Washington During Oldcr Americans Month. 175 older Ameriruts from all walks of life, representing virluallc ever% region of the country, converged on the Nation's Capi l:d. lite ocri.,ion tvas the 1978 Congressional Senior Citizen Intent Program, held iklay 8-19. Lath rear. increasing numbers of congressmen have sponsored seniors from their home districts to visit Washington for this program which Was begun as an experiment in 1973 by Indiana Congressman Llrood Hillis. '[*his Year. about 100 members of Congress. including both I lunse O nd Senate, are participating in the program. Visitors' exposure to the Senior Citizen Invent program involves not only their congressmen but White Ilouseand cabinet ollices, government agencies. and others. 'Anis year, the seniors worked in their respective congressional offices, participating in n series of workshops, legislative briefings, and related events. All activities focused on those mallets of greatest concern to the elderly. such as social security;utd health care. When the program ended. tine interns returned to their COMM un i t ies m work with senior citizen groups on the local level and share the knowledge gained in Washington during their two-week sup•. Because the intern program has grown considerably in the L•nst few years. Congressman Hillis has introduced legislation to provide that the House of Representative~ Outage and coordinate it as an official function. Until now, his office has guided the program on tat unollleial hasis. The Senate counterpart of Congressman Ilillis'Senior Intern 46 AGING Program was also Kgun in 1973 by Connecticut Senator Lowcll Weicker. 'rhe idea for Senator Weicker's program was sparked by the Junior Intern project which allows 300 young People from Connecticut to spend a week in Washington learning about the processes of government. The Senior Intern Program, open only to Connecticut residents over 60. annually brings two groups to Washington for briefings with congressmen and other government officials. Since the program hegan, 575 of the Static's seniors have participated in these Weeklong internships designed to provide them With the information necessary in dealing more effectively with problems in their communities. Particip:mts are chosen from a pool of more than 400 applicants. A committee headed by Aloubel Bernadette do Lourdes. ['resident of the National Council on Aging and former Commissioner of Connecticut's Department on Aging, chooses the participants. I•IICRDFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES nofriEs Robert Santy, the Weicker staffer who coordinates the program, explains that choices are based on the applicants involvement in the field of aging in their home communities and ability to communicate to seniors what they learned on their visits to Washington. The program Was incorporated in 1976 as it non-profit, tax exempt corporation dedicated, according to its by-laws, "lo giving Connecticut residents over the age of 60 an opportunity to experience an in-depth study of our federal government in Washington, D.C. and to charge such senior citizens with the responsibility of sharing their experience with other senior citizens of Connecticut:' Those who have participated in the program now serve as municipal :agents for aging, members of town commissions on aging, advisors to the State's five arra agencies and the State Department on Aging, and on community boards. Recently, past interns formed a Senior Intern Club to provide a network of senior citizen information and activities. . The program is presently funded by grants from corporations, labor unions, civic organizations, and concerned individuals throughout the State. According to Senator Weicker, the success of the program is due to verbal give and take. He observes, "Our system is strong enough to speak for itself if we can get people down here to sec it in action. The senior interns impress me and my staff through their questions and comments. As a result. 1'111 a better legislator in the areas that are of particular interest to the elderly." Amendments Strengthen Age Discrimination Act A landmark bill authored by Rep. Claude Pepper to combat discriminatory practices against the elderly in employment was signed into law by President Carter on April 6. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act Amendments of 1978 (P. L. 95-256) prohibit discriminatory personnel actions against Federal employees age 40 and over, including mandatory retirement, and protect private, slate, and municipal workers aged 40 to 69 against age discrimination, including mandatory retirement. The change for Federal employees goes into effect on October I, 1978 and for other workers on January 1, 1979. Two exceptions to the law were stipulated. Until July 1982, tenured professors at "institutions of higher education" may be involuntarily retired at age 65. Persons employed in a "bona fide executive capacity" or "high policymaking position" for at least two years before retirement will remain subject to mandatory retirement at age 65 if they etre eligible to receive a pension of al least $27,000 a year. Provisions allowing the Federal government to retire air traffic controllers at age 56 and law enforcement o0iccrs and fire fighters at 55 have also been retained. Effective immediately, no seniority or retirement plan may require mandatory retirement before age 70. However, if it collective bargaining agreement which provides for mandatory retirement before 70 was in effect as of September I. 1977, the new prohibition against early retirement will Tint apply until September I, 1980 or until the termination of the bargaining agreement, whichever occurs first. This overturns the Supreme Court decision in United Airlines vs. McMann ( December 12. 1977) which permitted mandatory retirement before age 65 under a retirement plan in effect prior to passage of the Age Discrimination Act of 1967. Procedural changes favorable to persons asserting their rights under the Act were also enacted. While the Department of Labor is trying to resolve an age discrimination complaint by conciliation. the statute of limitations for bringing a court action (three years) is suspended for up to one year. The new haw also directs the Department of Labor to study the feasibility of eliminating the Act's upper age limit of 70 entirely or of raising it above 70, and to report to the President and Congress by 1982. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES I101RE5 News Notes Old Friends .. . New Friends Launched On PBS Old ... New Friends, a new weekly half-hour television series about how people of various age groups live and grow with one another premiered April 15 on the Public Broadcasting Service (1'135). Each of the Old Friends ... Near Friends broadcasts—there will be seven in the series first season—will deal with the impact of one person, regardless of age, and his relationship to his family and the community. Old Friends ... New Friends came about because of a concern for the growing isolation of older persons in society, according to the show's host, Fred Rogers, whose Family Communications, Inc. also produces the highly -acclaimed daily children's television series, "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood." According to Rogers, "In Old Friend.,... Neu• Friendswearegoing to present people who can communicate their self-worth and their activities and accomplishments to others. Perhaps the most important matter in any person's life—at any age—is having a satisfying relationship with caring and trusted friends. What I want to achieve with Old Friends ... New Friends, is to help them to understand enduring relationships and interactions between people of all generations." Produced and directed by well- known filmmaker Arthur Barron, ON Friend., ... New Friends was filmed in the Unitcd Slates and Mexico. The production of the series was made passible by a 5500,000 grant from the Richard King Mellon Foundation. A1r11\V 40 I News of Federal Agencies Nelson Cruikshank Reviews First Year Gains Under Curter According to a year-end assessment made by Nelson Cruikshank. Coun- sellor to the President on Aging. sub- stantial legislative and executive initi- atives benefiting the MitiOn s elderly marked the Carter Administration s first year in office. In a communication to 50 national organizations representing the Na- tion's elderly. Mr. Cruikshank said that "while enactment of the Social Security refinancing hill wits perhaps the Administration's major effort on behalf of the elderly." other actions were also of substmlial benefit includ- ing reforms in the areas or Medicare. hospiltl cost containment. housing assistance, emergency fuel aid. and fond stamps. In the arca of housing. Mr. Cruik- shank noted Ih;t the Administration provided S950 million in FY 1978 for elderly housing assislance represent- ing between 25,000 and 711.000 units. Although this falls short of the goals called for BI the 1971 White Ilousc Conference on Aging. Mr. Cruik- shank said that it was "a far cit• front the impoundment (if ill] housing mo- no, during the previous eight yetr�.. 48 AGING Reforms. lie noted. are also being made in Million to health care casts. The recently enacted Medicaid Anti - Fraud and Abuse Act will subst nIial- ly reduce fraud and help lower patient costs. The proposed increase in Medi- care enrollee premiums has also been cancelled. as pan of the Administra- tion's revised FY 1978 budget. Other reforms supported by the Administration include: • S200 million in emergency fuel assistance to help Are poor. immy of whom are elderly. to papa Inst winter's fuel hills. and additional monies for weatherirtion programs for the el- derly poor. • Public transportation authorities receiving Federal funds have been required to purchase Tr nsbus. ;i veh- icle which is accessible to the elderly and physically handicapped. • The Administration proposed and enacted major reforms in the Fuad Stamp program which siloplilics the program and increases the number of Pool Who can now participate. and eliminated the purchase requirement. As a result, some 2.2 million more People will he eligible for Food Stumps. • The Administration also proposed and signed into law amendments to the Federal Aviation Act which per - mil the Civil Aeronautics Hord to approve reduced air Gres on a standby basis for elderly and handi- capped persons. Elderly and h;mdirapped persons will:11so benefit from the recently enacted Legal Services Corpartion Act Amendments of 1977. ,Mr. Cruik- shank said, which include;m amend- ment requiring priority for groups Willi special diflictdties of access In legal services or those with spcci;d legal problems. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1101rJES Subcommittee Approves Older Americans Act Extension Legislation extending the Older Americans Act and creating two new programs providing legal services and home delivered meals for the elderly was approved an April 25 by the Nouse Subcommittee un Select Edu- cation. Rcp. John 13rademas. Chairman of the Subcommittee. Said the measure would anilinue the Older Americans Act for three more years and autho- rize it new program to deliver meals to homebound elderly persons who may not he able. due to disability or illness. 10 trlyel to established nutrition sites in their communities. Other major provisions of the legis- lation authorize Stale and arca aging agencies to provide nutrition. senior citizen center and Social services. ;Is well as ombudsman Services for resi- dents of nursing homes. The bill also requires that these services he coordi- nated under consolidated plans drawn up by Slate and arca agencies on aging. The bill reported by the suhcom- niittec also extends the Community Service Gmploymenl Program for three more years to provide jobs for persons 55 or over. extends for one year the older Americans volunteer programs administered by ACTION. including the Retired Senior Volun- teer Program (RSVP). and authorizes new proicels in comprehensive long- term care. IiraademaS said the hill contains total authorization for Older Ameri- cans Act programS of'S1.27 billion fur fiscal year 1979, S1.261 billion for fiscal year 1980. and SI.d6 billion lir fiscal Year 1981. SUBSCRIPTION ORDER FORM ENTER MY SUBSCRIPTION TO: @ $5.05 Domestic; @ $6.35 a 9 �lipn Foreign. NAME—FIRST, LAST IIIIII!I!I!IIII:!IIIIIIII!III COMPANY NAME OR ADDITIONAL ADDRESS LINE IIIIII!IIIIiI!I!IIIII!!I!III STREET ADDRESS IIIIIIIII!!!!!I!!IIIIIIIiIII CITY STATE ZIP CODE IIIIIIIIIIIIIII I IIII PLEASE PRINT (or) COUNTRY IIIIIIIIIII Subscriptions There are 30 million people 60 years of age and over in the United States. Their number increases daily. Congress, adopting the Older Americans Act of 1965, and subse- quently amending it, has taken due notice of them. AGING, official publication of the National Clearinghouse on Aging in the U.S. Administration on Aging, reports on programs for, by, and with this large and impor- tant segment of our population. It reports on what Slates, area agen- cies on aging, and foreign countries are doing in the field. AGING has been called "the sin- gle most comprehensive" source of such news. It is must reading for those in the field. Subscription price is $5.05 a year plus $1.30 if mailed outside the United States. Published Since June 1951 Contents may be reproduced 01 reprmted without permission, out credit to Aging is ap' prncralM Use of funds for printing this publr cation approved by the Director of the Bureau of the Budget. October 31, 1966 CLIP AND MAIL TODAY Changes of Address Paid subscribers should notify the Superintendent of Documents, Gov- ernment Printing Office, Washing- ton, D.C. 20402 of a change of ad- dress eight weeks in advance of their actual move. Please include the mailing label from the back cover of the magazine. AGING Magazine does not process subscriptions or changes of address. Submitting Articles AGING Magazine welcomes newts and information from its readers. Especially valuable are stories about innovative programs or projects which have worked well and can be duplicated or adapted for use else- where. Material should be typed and should not exceed 15 pages dou- ble-spaced. Articles may be bylined. In all cases the Editor reserves the right to make changes in Icngth or style or presentation. DISCRIMINATION PROMIB11110— Idle VI or the civil Rights Act of 1964 Slates No person in the Umled States shall on he. ground o1 racecolor or no- honal origin. be e•dialed from parpupa lion in of, denied Ino, benefits of or be sublecled to discrimination „naw an, r MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB f.EDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES Remittance Enclosed (Make checks payable to Superin- tendent of Documents) C] Charge to my Deposit Account No. .................................... MAIL ORDER. FORM TO: Superintendent of Documents Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Photos, if any, should be cap- tioned. Black and white, 5" by 7" or larger glossy photos are preferred. Color snapshots are not acceptable. Photos cannot be returned unless ac- companied by a self-addressed en- velope or mailing label. Information for Conference Cal- endar and Course Calendar should be submitted at least six weeks prior to the issue month in which they are to appear. All material should be sent to Editor, AGING Magazine, Admin. istra km on Aging, Room 4551, 330 Independence Avenue, S.W., Wash- ington, D.C. 20201. Information Information about articles appear- ing in or submitted to AGING Mag- azine may be obtained by writing the Editor at the above address or by calling (202) 245-1190. program or activity receiving rederdt h hanbal assistance Therefore, the Pro' grams dacussed in this publaaoon. he< every program or activity receiving Yuan• bAl assistance bom the Department of ,feal ,. Education. and Welfare. must be opt,aleel ,n compliance *an this far, UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE DIVISION OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS WASHINGTON, D.C. 20402 OFFICIAL BUSINESS POSTAGE AND FEES PAID U.S. DEPARTMENT OF H.E.W. HEW—]91 U,S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE OFFICE OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT SERVICES • ADMINISTRATION ON AGING NATIONAL CLEARINGHOUSE ON AGING GMEW Pub. No.(OHD/AoA)78-7090 -U.S. Gmemmont Printing Office: 1977 241.217/7 1-8 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS - DES MOINES CITY OF IOWA CITY CIVIC CENTER- 410 L W61 IINGUN 51, UWA CITY IOWA 52240 (319) 354.180) February 6, 1979 Mr. R. Michael Kruger, Division Manager Western Operations American Television & Communications Corporation 20 Inverness Place East Englewood, Colorado 80110 I Dear Mr. Kruger: At the meeting of January 9, 1979, the City Council passed a resolution offering a franchise to Hawkeye CableVision provided that certain matters relating to the implementation of cable television in Iowa City are resolved. This letter represents that offer and includes a discus- sion of those matters which need to be resolved to the satisfaction of the City before a further recommendation can be made to the City Coun- cil. Single Tier Service The proposal offered by Hawkeye CableVision does not fully comply with the provision of the ordinance which provides that the first 12 channels must'be available to all subscribers at no additional cost, Your pro- posal did not include a single tier system for the University of Iowa for the first 12 channels. The City must be assured that the first 12 channels provided to the City will be provided to University subscribers in the first tier of service. The following additional signals must be added: broadcast channel 6, broadcast channel 4 and the public access channel. Listing of Services An exact listing of the channels or services which will be carried on both tiers of the system will be appreciated. X -Rated Movies In the hearings concerning the proposed service, it is the City's under- standing that you indicated that X-rated movies will not be provided on any channel. 3/3 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES 140IBES Mr. R. Michael Kruger February 6, 1979 Page 2 Special Services Under what circumstances and what timing will services such as C -span, talking books, foreign languages, medical services and Calliope be instituted? Program Revisions How long will Hawkeye CableVision guarantee that various programming decisions will continue and what will be the exact process by which Hawkeye CableVision will make decisions relating to changes in the offerings? Two-Wav Capacity The Hawkeye proposal indicated that two-way capacity would be activated by subscribers when feasible. It is our understanding that feasibility will be determined by availability of proven equipment and reasonable certainty that the service can provide a 13 to 17% return for Hawkeye CableVision. Will you please document the criteria for making such a decision. Additional Origination Points Additional origination points for live cable television can be easily accommodated and can be activated. We would appreciate knowing in detail the procedures and circumstances under which such action will be taken. Interim Facilities Public access must be available by Hawkeye CableVision by the time the system commences operation which will occur when at least 25% of the 'community is receiving service. This degree of installation is required by the ordinance to take place within 12 months of the effective date of the ordinance. The community then would be entitled to access by ap- proximately April of 1980. However the new library facility will not be completed until March or April of 1981. Because of the timing of the new library, the franchise date and the completion of urban renewal, the search for office space and long-term space within the Central Business District is somewhat complicated. It is the intent of the ordinance that your offices be in a central location and that the main access studio be in a downtown location. It is recognized that the start-up studio may have to be less than optimum in terms of physical space. However, all of the equipment listed in the proposal must be made available and usable. As this will be public facility, access for the handicapped must be provided. When the main origination access studio is completed in the new library, equipment will be transferred from your start-up facility to the library and your office or studio will be used as the auxiliary studio as outlined in your proposal. Both studios do not have to be operational at the beginning if one is located in the MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES Mr. R. Micl , Kruger February 6, 1979 Page 3 Central Business District. Please provide the location of your facil- ities and indicate if the foregoing is in accord with your under- standing. Matching Grants It is suggested that the Broadband Telecommunications Commission recom- mend a starting date for eligibility for the two year matching grants which Hawkeye CableVision proposes in support of the access function. It may be advisable to start these grants after the new library is completed rather than at the beginning of the access function, depending upon the actual adequacy of the initial facility. An alternative would be to start the two year period three to six months after the initial access function begins so that the community would be aware of the potential for using the funds effectively. If this procedure as out- lined is acceptable to Hawkeye CableVision please acknowledge accord- ingly. Training and Promotion While actual implementation of the access facility may be delayed until April 1980, training and promotion of the use of the facility by commun- ity groups should be initiated by Hawkeye CableVision at an earlier date. It is the City's understanding that Hawkeye CableVision will undertake the training and promotion function at least 90 days before service to subscribers is available. Pro ram Advisory Group Hawkeye CableVision has indicated an intent to activate a program advisory group which is to be representative of the broad interests of the community and will assist in the allocation of the matching funds, determine fair and equitable use of channels for various special inter- ests, stimulate community interest and facilitate implementation of the access rules. The City does not believe that this suggestion is viable. Such a body, established by the company, could become a source of con- flict and delay. The City has established the role of the Broadband Telecommunications Commission to handle these functions. We believe that if the Commission does not wish to carry out the functions which you propose for the program advisory group then the Commission should appoint a subcommittee which will report directly to the Commission. We believe that this structure and process will simplify the procedure for the public and minimize the possibility of conflict or disagreement concerning these matters. Scheduling, Use of Facilities, etc. The company will be the primary public contact for questions relating to program scheduling, the use of facilities and the use of channels (except those channels which are controlled by the library, City govern- ment, schools and University), training the public, assisting the MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDSOLS 1101n[S Mr. R. Michael Kruger February 6, 1979 Page 4 public and government and educational users with production within the guidelines and rates set forth in the proposal and to be further clari- fied by the access rules and maintain the access equipment which the company provides. If there is an overlap between what may qualify for cable casting on the public access or local origination or one of the special channels the company will make the choice, Public Access Procedures The main access origination studio will be staffed 40 hours per week by Hawkeye CableVision with the equivalent of three full time people. Hours of operation will be optimum with many evening and some weekend hours. Free production assistance will be provided to public educa- tional and government users within the regular hours established pro- vided that no single user exceeds 40 hours equipment use in a given month. If this should occur, Hawkeye CableVision's rate structure will then apply. If this process is in accordance with your commitments please indicate accordingly. City Equipment Your proposal indicates that the City will receive a remote keyboard which connects to Hawkeye's central computer for data origination over the government channel. It is our understanding that this terminal will be installed by Hawkeye within 6 to 9 months from the date of franchise, when the system is activated. Further the company will train City staff in the use of this equipment, and it is our understanding that the company will maintain this equipment. Also, it is our understanding that the City will receive necessary equipment and instruction so that emergency messages can be provided by an override of the entire system. Document Scanning The proposal also provides document scanning equipment for the public library. It is our understanding that this equipment will be made available in the old library with associated technical equipment which is needed to transmit the information on the cable system at the same time that the City's remote keyboard is made available. In addition Hawkeye CableVision will provide the necessary training and maintenance for this equipment and move the equipment to the new library upon com- pletion. Library Access Facility The library staff has had extensive discussions with you concerning the library access facility. It appears that the most desirable location for the main origination studio and access facility is the new library as proposed by Hawkeye CableVision. The community will benefit the most from this location because of associated graphics and audio production facilities, other potential program supplement resources and the many activities of community -wide interest which occur in the library's MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES MO IIIES -, Mr. R. Micha.1 Kruger February 6, 1979 Page 5 meetings rooms. As the library has already planned space for a TV studio which appears to be acceptable to Hawkeye CableVision your pro- posal will not make a significant impact on construction, therefore no capital contribution will be required from Hawkeye CableVision. Acceptance of the access facility on library premises however is subject to the successful negotiation of a lease at a nominal fee between the Library Board and Hawkeye CableVision. Such a lease will include terms for the company to assume its own utilities and maintenance costs in the library space. Also it our understanding that the company will be responsible for its own equipment, its own staff and for personal injury and other matters that may be dealt with in the lease as it relates to the leased premises. In addition the library will be entitled to schedule use of the facility in accordance with the same terms as other government, educational and public users with no priority or authority over actual access policies but with no limits as to maximum use by the library. Further Hawkeye CableVision will agree to wire the new library to receive cable television in numerous locations throughout the building at no charge to the library and will wire and light the studio at its own expense. Converters will be provided to desired library drops at cost and these will be a more economical converters rather than remote control type. Monthly service for all cable television within the library will be free. It is also understood that the company will furnish the studio and production control spaces at its own expense. After hours use of the access facility will be provided by a separate entrance which does not allow access to the rest of the library. Authorization and responsibility for such use will remain that of Hawkeye CableVision. Other Communities It is our understanding that Hawkeye CableVision will be discussing with surrounding communities arrangements for cable television. We wish to know what arrangements Hawkeye CableVision will make with other commun- ities for use of the access facility. It is our impression that these access facilities have been included in the rate structure of Iowa City and we believe it would be inappropriate for these services to be pro- vided to other communities without compensation to Iowa City. In addi- tion it likewise would be inappropriate for Hawkeye CableVision to offer lower rate structures to Coralville and University Heights because you will not have to provide access or other facilities within those commun- ities. Also I would refer you to the ordinance for exact procedures related to the extension of service to other communities. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES MOINES Mr. R. Mich..:) Kruger February 6, 1979 Page 6 Your verification of these matters at an early date will be appreciated. If you have any questions, please contact me. i SinSere 3>'yours, Neal G. Berlin City Manager cc: City Council City Attorney Bob Pepper Connie Tiffany Elliott Full David Russell jm/sp MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES DEPARTMENT: HOUSING & INSPECTION SERVICES QUARTER: SECOND DECISION UNIT: HOUSING INSPECTION Fiscal Year Objectives: - Provide Housing Code information to the public. - Respond to all citizen complaints of alleged violations of the Housing Code within 24 hours after receiving complaint. - Provide licensing inspections & enforcement on all rooming houses and apartments outside federally assisted areas (CDBG). - Provide fire protection inspections on multiples and rooming houses. Work Completed: - Conducted tours for City Council, Housing Commission, CCN and League of Women Voters to inform these groups of representative housing cases. - Hired and trained Housing Inspector Phyllis Kelley. - Inspectors participated in HIS departmental in-service training sessions. - All citizen complaints responded to in 24 hours. - Substantially revised scheduling and monthly billings to accomplish manual operation of the system by Housing Inspectors. - 30% of the 10,000 plus Housing and Building records were purged of out dated documents and transferred to microfilm. - Held administrative meeting with Fire Department to clarify roles and legal channels of authority. Fire Chief will contact State Fire Marshall and report back. Analysis:* Number of inspections performed 2nd quarter - 502. Number of reinspections performed 2nd quarter - 116. Number of orders issued - 44. Number of compliances - 229. Number of court cases - (charges filed) 3. Number of placards - 0. 31Y FIICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAP DS•DES 110 RIES Expenditures "Budget This Quarter % 6000 30,706.00 12,491.40 37.06 7000 665.00 232.79 35.00 8000 6,094.00 3,098.83 50.85 9000 300.00 80.00 26.66 TOTAL 40,765.00 15,903.02 39.01 *Previous quarterly in this section. report combined CDBG and General This Funding statistics report reflects General Fund activities only. **Includes budget from FY78. corrections from First quarter report for carry overs MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES MOINES MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES DEPARTMENT: HOUSING AND INSPECTION SERVICES QUARTER: SECOND DECISION UNIT: BUILDING INSPECTION Fiscal Year Objectives: - To provide accurate information to the public regarding the codes and ordinances affecting building and alterations. - To provide print.review on all residential structures, all alteration Plans and some commercial structures. - To perform all code required field inspections. - To reduce citizen complaints by 50% of 1978 levels. To improve record keeping systems by utilizing microfilming and computer data processing. Work Completed: - Have begun in-service training sessions to gain updated knowledge in several fields. - Have begun concentrated efforts to involve building inspector and Building Official in commercial print review and yniform inter- pretations. - Prepared a rough draft for house moving brochure. - Attended the 1978 annual business meeting of the I.C.B.O. and discussed over 450 proposed code changes. Concluded preparations for the 1979 annual I.A.8.0. seminar to be held in Iowa City the end of January. Prepared several code amendments to the U.B.C. All prints including Urban Renewal and commercial were reviewed by staff. Stepped-up field inspections by having Dick Frantz, Building Inspector in field six out of eight hours. Before hiring Frantz, Siders did structural inspections. Complaints by contractors have leveled off to insignificant levels. 'Citizen. complaints remain stable at low levels. Consolidation of files undertaken to initiate microfilming. Analysis: Number of Building Permits - dollar amounts - 144, $6,673,419. Number of citizen complaints vs. number of corrective orders through field observations - 212. (Previous data not available). Number of field inspections performed - 3,057. 3/y MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES Expenditures *Bu_ dget This Quarter _% 6000 87,079.00 44,703.07 51.33 7000 1,976.00 1,551.60 78.52 8,000 10,758.00 10,562.00 98,17 9000 13,215.00 4,524.13 34.23 TOTAL 113.028.00 61,340.80 54.27 *Includes budget corrections FY78. from First Quarter report for carryovers from MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES 1 0 City of Iowa City MEMORANDV DATE: February 6,N79 TO; Neal Berlin, City Manager y FROM: Harvey D. Miller, Police Chief ws, RE: Interesting Comparative Data Some interesting data collection and comparison was re- cently completed on 50 police departments across the nation serving populations of 250,000 or more. While Iowa City is not and is unlikely ever to be in this population range, I have attempted to compare Iowa City.to the results obtained from the.study. Some of the major findings with Iowa City comparisons appear below. I believe if the data obtained in the quoted study were 'compared to data in regard to cities in the 50,000 population range (as reported for example in the ICMA Yearbook) Iowa City would probably rank in the ower quarte a on reported costs and in the upper quartile on most operational and administrative prac- tices. The median per capita cost of policing ranged from $48.06, for cities of 250,000 - 4991999, to $82.99 for cities over 1 million. The projected per capita cost of policing in Iowa City for fiscal 180 is $22.36. The median* for Iowa Police Departments serving populations of 50,000 or more is $32.00 per capita, ranging from a low of $27.00 to a high of $35.00. The average cost per capita is $31.60. * The Iowa average is skewed to the low side. The Iowa City estimate is for fiscal 180. The rest of the state is computed from 1976 data compiled in 1977, the last year data are avail able 31S MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1101:IES The median number of sworn officers per 1000 population ranged from 1.08 to 2.42. On the average small, medium and large communities assigned about 55% of their officers to Patrol. Between 11.8 to 13.8 sworn officers are assigned to the Detective Division. Median of civilian personnel ranged from 10% in the largest cities to 20% in the small and middle sized communities. Of the 40 departments with women officers the median number employed was 24. The average number of women officers to male officers is 1/350 in cities of 1 mill- ion or over to 1/57 in cities in the one-quarter to one- half million population size. The number of marked vehicles per 100 sworn officers ranged from 4.5 to 46.6. The med- ian ranged from 11.6 for large departments to 16.4 in the smaller agencies. Iowa City has .96 officers per thousand population (1/1041). The median and average number of officers in Iowa is 1.5 per 1000 population ranging from a low of .96 to a high of nearly 2. Most smaller communities in Iowa evidence a higher ratio of off- icers per 1000 population than do the larger communities. Forty of an authorized complement of forty-eight officers are assign- ed to patrol, or 88%. Four off- icers or 8% of the total comple- ment are assigned to the Detective Division and 4% of the staff are in administration and management. Iowa City's non -sworn employees of the Police Department total 23.4% of the total work force. This total does not include part time crossing guards. Iowa City employs three women officers or one female to each fifteen males. Iowa City supplies a marked vehicle for each 4.8 officers. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DLS 110111ES WILL J. HAYEK JOHN W. HAYEK C. PETER HAYEK C. JOSEPH HOLLAND HAYEK, HAYEK & HAYEK ATTORNEYS AT LAW 110 EAST WASHINGTON STREET IOWA CITY, IOWA 52240 Ms. Angela Ryan Assistant City Attorney Civic Center 410 East Washington Street Iowa City, Iowa 52240 Dear Angela: February 2, 1979 AREA CODE 319 337.9606 1 just thought that I would drop you this note to relay to you two very congratulatory comments that I have received concerning your work. Very recently in discussion with a prominent member of the local Iowa City Bar I was advised by this attorney that a brief that you had filed in a case you have been handling was excellent, well thought out and very well written. He was very complimentary about the brief and your work in that case. Also I recently received a telephone call from one of the judges of the Sixth Judicial District complimenting you on your handling of a very difficult matter that had been presented to the court. This judge indicated that you handled this very difficult situation ably and very professionally. I thought that you would be interested in these comments that I have received and so I thought I would pass them on to you. I am also sending a copy of this letter to the City Clerk for distribution to the Council and to the Personnel Director for placement in the files. Finally, I also want to add my own compliments to those related to you above. Very truly yours, ohn W. Hayek JWH:v cc: ity Council Mr. Dale Helling FEB 0 5 1979 ABBIE STOLFUS, CMC CITY CLERK (3) 3/� MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOEIIES David i.. Cronin Superintendent 7 February 1979 RECEIVED FF3 71979 IOWA CITY COMMUNITY SCHOOL DISTRICT 1010 William SIrMt Iowa City, Iowa 52240 319-338-3685 Neal Berlin, City Manager Civic Center Iowa City, Iowa Dear Neal: We have just received from the printer the responses to questions raised at the parent input meetings held at Lincoln, Mann, and Sabin. Copies will be provided to the public at the Board work - session scheduled on Saturday, February 10, 9:00 A.M. at South East Junior High School. You indicated to me that you would like to have copies to share with the City Council and we are enclosing six copies for that purpose. Sincerely yours, ave Cr. MICROFILMEB BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES IIOIMES 317 5 February 1979 To: Members, Board of Directors Re: FACILITY UTILIZATION STUDY - QUESTIONS AND RESPONSES For more than a year, the Board of Directors has studied the problems caused by enrollment decline and population shifts that are facino the school district. During this time, the Board has carefully reviewed enrollment trends, school census data, and enrollment pro- jections that have led to the realization that the decline in enrollment is going to continue for at least the next five years and that during that time, the district can expect to lose an approximate 1,000 additional students. Most of this five-year enroll- ment decline will be experienced at the elementary level. The enrollment loss with its budgetary implications, will have a significant impact on the school district unless action is taken. Taking action now will help forestall educational program and staff cutbacks as well as freeing resources to make needed improvements in the district. The discussion of school closings has prompted several questions. The following is a response to these questions: QUESTION/RESPONSE AREA Financing of Public Schools in Iowa----------------------------------------- Enrollment Projections - Accuracy ------------------------------------------- Challenges to the Enrollment Projections ------------------------------------ iSchool Census Data---------------------------------------------------------- Enrollment Projections - Methodology ---------------------------------------- Enrollment - Grand Totals --------------------------------------------------- Impact of Enrollment Decline------------------------------------------------ Legislative Relief ---------------------------------------------------------- State Equalization Project ---------- Comparison of General Fund Expenditures ------------------------------------- Role of School Size and Cost ------------------------------------------------ Estimated Savings from Closing Selected Elementary Schools ------------------ Transportation Costs -------------------------------------------------------- Sale of School Property ----------------------------------------------------- Use of the 67; Cent Levy ---------------------------------------------------- Enrichment Tax-------------------------------------------------------------- Impact on Title I Funds ----------------------------------------------------- Reallocation - Priority Items ----------------------------------------------- i Alternative Uses for Buildings Closed --------------------------------------- School Capacity of Each School ---------------------------------------------- SchoolSize----------------------------------------------------------------- i Considerations Used When Determining Which Buildings to Close --------------- Features found in Elementary Schools ---------------------------------------- Elementary Students Bused --------------------------------------------------- Open Enrollment PolicyL ----------------------------------------------------- Effect on Staffing/Class Size----------------------------------------------- Accessibility to School Buildings for the Handicapped ----------------------- 1978/79 Kindergarten Freeze ------------------------------------------------- Options for Potentially Overcrowded Schools --------------------------------- Importance of a February Decision ------------------------------------------- Facility Utilization Study - Order of Events -------------------------------- MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES 140114LS PAGE 2 74 9 14 15 16 19 20 21 22 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 33 34 35 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 QUESTION: FINANCING OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN IOWA? Since 1972 all school districts in Iowa have operated under a budget process controlled by legislative mandate. Each year the State Comptroller determines the maximum increase in the general fund budget of a local education agency not the Board of Education. The objectives of the legislation were to equaiize district expenditures, limit the rise in property taxes and raise the level of state funding of basic public school instruction. The result has been a leveling of district costs per pupil., The budgeis of the high spending districts have been restricted and the low spending district have been encouraged to increase expenditures to the date average. The controlled budget, that portion of the total general fund budget that is financed by local property tax and state aid, is determined by multiplying enrollment by cost per pupil. i The cost per pupil is computed each year by adding to the previous year's cost the amount of allowable growth announced by the State Comptroller. The amount of per pupil growth is the same for all school district in `rhe staie but district' spending less than the state average cost per pupil are permitted 125% of the allowable growth increase. Since the cost per pupil is fixed the only variable in the formula is enrollment. A district' available funding fluctuates with any change in enrollment. The legislature has recognized, to some extent, that school costs can not be immediately adjusted in direct proportion to enrollment declines due to ceriain fixed expenses. For this reason district' are not penalized for 50% of their enrollinant loss for a one year period. This provides an insufficient time for a disirict to reduce fixed cost unless it has undertaken considerable advance contingency planning. Because of the many budgeting problems thct school districts' across the state were experi- encing due to declining enrollments, the 1978 legislature provided that for the 1979-80 school year the first 2 1/2% of any er,01mani loss would be forgiven and only the balance considered for th• 50% penalty. This action wii( assure the Iowa City school district of additional fundir.j of $393,424 for the one ,year poriod. An extensive study has been done by the Department of Public Instruction on the effect of declining enrollments on school district financing under the present formula. The result of this study have been presented to the legislature now in session and they undoubtedly will address the problem. Of the. prcbabl_ Solutions that have been mentioned in the press, it would appear that relief for our district will likely be limited to some exclusion of fixed costs and an enrollment bonus computed on a two year basis. Declining enrollment will still impact adversely on future budget, although possibly to a some what lesser extent than in the past. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES '-) In addition to the controlled budget the total general fund budget includes the amount of "Miscellaneous Income" received and any unspent balance from the previous years' budget. Miscellaneous revenue consists of all Federal aid, state aid other than the foun- dation plan, local revenues other than property tax such as mobile home tax and the apportionment of court fines, and district generated income including tuition and interest on investments. T.hcse two resources buffer to some extent the direct effect of enrollment losses but do not in anyway mitigate the ultimate result. School district strategy include to cope with the realities of state controlled budgeting must 1) attempting to limit current expense increases to the annual allowable growth factor and 2) over the longer range, reducing fixed costs consistent with anticipated financial resources. 3 r -- MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOVIES QUESTION: ENROLLMENT PROJECTIONS - ACCURACY? Many important school district decisions hinge on accurate enrollment projections. Although it is impossible to say how accurate our projections for the next five years will be, it is possible to review how accurate our projections have been in the past and to use the same procedures to predict the school district's enrollment for the future. The following is a summary of our enrollment projections for the past three years: School Year Projection Actual Difference 78-79 169 165 4 fewer than projected Lincoln 77-78 173 176 3 more than projected 76-77 189 174 15 fewer than projected 78-79 178 184 6 more than projected Mann 77-78 205 194 11 fewer than projected 76-77 250 224 26 fewer than projected 78-79 196 175 21 fewer than projected Sabin 77-78 210 202 8 fewer than projected 76-77 220 208 12 fewer than projected Enrollment projections were also a part of the 1973/74 Demographic Study. The projections for Lincoln, Mann, and Sabin for 1978, made in 1973, were as follows: School Projection Actual Difference Lincoln 170 165 5 fewer than projected Mann 246 184 62 fewer than projected Sabin 210 175 35 fewer than projected It would seem that past enrollment projections have tended to be too optimistic. On January 31, 1979, I received the enrollment projections for Iowa City from the State Department of Public Instruction. It is of some interest to note that the DPI is also projecting a loss of approximately 1,000 students for the district in the next five years. Attachments - 2 4 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1101NES 1\_.. .•.oma .._.. 10178 RE: DISTRICT ENROLLMENT 51 S ,0E - SEPTEMBER ENROLLMENT DATA * Includes regular programs only. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 140111Es HISTORICAL DATA GNAEA: Six Year Data Base Mean PROJECTIONS Percentace-Survival Ratio Regression -Survival Ratio GRADE i9lU -1'9/1 1977-TtfJT—MT--Tg7F-TTl6—Tg77--Tg7lF- jqjq 1 qf3u 1181 IvB2 19gr 1979 1980 19815 2 1983 TM__T 9� 983 K R74 8558 805 734 762 844 710 692 609 550 550 550 550 550 584 560 537 515 494 629 602 5?4 547 520 1st 824 845 785 739 715 766 799 678 666 590 533 533 533 533 588 564 541 519 497 583 601 576 550 524 2nd 775 786 763 762 710 689 758 776 681 651 577 521 521 521 643 567 544 522 500 C43 563 581 557 532 3rd 779 739 770 723 723 689 675 726 760 659 630 558 504 504 657 620 547 525 503 657 620 544 561 537 4th 813 762 717 755 716 696 669 683 _ 679 740 641 613 543 , 490 _ 745 _ 644 608 536 514 741 640 605 530 547 5th 783 776 740 694 732 714 686 668 661_._ 669 651 728 659 _ 631 717 603_ 622 535 594 _ 672 737 _ 638 602 531 _ 663 6,19 723 651 625 709 591 614 519 550 6th 768 755 749 738 685 715 699 682 661 640 _659 723 625 590 7th 601 714 730_ 631 650 639 652 649 601_, 599 590 597 650 563 _ 608_ 596 506 665 575 609 598 600 654 566 8th 595 594 706 711 681 641 6657 647 631 _ 599 _695 586 593 646 616 608 596 606 665 612 605 594 596 6.19 9th 586 571 620 678 700 687 641 638 632 622 591 587 578 585 651 616 508 596 606 646 607 601 590 591 loth 513 618 621 599 671 698 663 619 606 _622 613 582 578 569 _ 655 651 616 608 596 651 642 605 598 6R3 11th 530 528 632 601 601 648 670 641 575 584 600 591 561 557 594 642 63a 604 596 593 637 629 532 586 12th 478 509 526 589 .591 552 635 637 613 551 559 574 566 537 552 570 61.6 612 580 552 569 611 CO3 568 TOTAL 8919 9055 9164 9014 8937 8978 8914 8736 8371 1 8086 7865 7639 7401 7184 8213 7974 7618 7535 7247 8228 8058 7854 7583 7307 * Includes regular programs only. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 140111Es DEPARTMEhT Of PUBLIC INBTRUCTION GRIMES STATE OFFICE BUILDING DES MOINES, IOWA 50319 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES ACTUAL ENROLLMENTS FOR 1972.73 TMRU 197479 ESTIMATED FOR 1979.80 TNRU 1963-04 •••••.•••••••u•u•••�••••••••••u+••••u•••eA••••uu••u•u•.•••.A�•r••�•••••••u••••.••••�••••u ••u•••••��•�u AA u•�u •••u•�u IOWA CITY COMM ICH DIST . 523141 SPECIAL GRAND 4 7 2 3 4 S 6 7 e 9 IO 11 12 TOTAL EDUCATION TOTAL ................................................................................................................................... 1273 806 786 767 770 718 741 750 730 706 620 621 632 S26 9173 44 9217 7374 735 739 762 721 756 695 738 692 711 678 611 601 S89 9028 61 9089 74 -TS 762 716 709 726 713 732 685 690 681 700 671 604 591 8940 62 4002 15.76 844 766 690 689 696 711 711 640 641 687 687 699 SSS 8984 SS 9039 76-77 710 799 Tse 674 668 Ass 699 644 647 626 668 675 640 8893 S7 8960 77.76 693 679 777 72S 683 668 682 630 652 643 640 656 694 8602 71 6873 78.79 609 666 680 760 677 663 660 609 641 651 614 S97 639 8466 121 8587 ESTIMATED ENROLLMENT rn 79.80 591 584 650 650 740 665 654 600 604 632 640 597 571 8182 116 8298 8081 993 567 570 625 637 727 636 595 596 596 622 623 572 7978 114 6092 81.82 S95 568 S94 149 609 626 111 997 590 see 587 609 997 7782 111 7893 82-83 640 572 555 S33 SSS 998 618 653 592 583 579 571 580 7609 10e 7717 83.84 640 611 SS8 534 119• 125 190• Sii 648 184 174 163 141 7499 106 �i 7565 ................................................................................................................................. FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, COMMENTS OR CORRECTIONS TO HISTORICAL DATA CONTACTO LELAND TACK 515.261-4835 DEPT. OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION 0�\n MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES UESTION: CHALLENGES TO THE ENROLLMENT PROJECTIONS Arguments were presented at the public hearing at Lincoln School on January 24, challenging the population projections used by the administration. The main thrust of the challenge is that the district census undercounts preschoolers, thereby throwing off the figures used for kindergarten enrollments in the various projections. Consequently, as the challenge goes, the projections miss the upswing in enrollments which will follow the upswing in births missed by the school census. Some of the arguments in the challenge are correct—and useful for further efforts to project the district's enrollment. This does not mean that the conclusions in the challenge are correct, however. The school census has consistently undercounted preschool children due to the method on of the Uniersity o(asking e ihbors to fIowa'sacademic year). Both hcontributedto�thegundercountmplAnminafter �earlier, morev vthorough census would yield a better base for projecting enrollment. The Lincoln projections for the district have 4,200 elementary pupils for 1982-83. The earlier projections (produced by the Grant Wood AEA and district personnel) cited by the administration showed from 3,800 to 4,000 pupils for that year. Two sources of error explain the discrepancy. First, the projections used by the district did fail to include all births. Second, the method used by the Lincoln parents probably. overestimated births. The overestimation stems from two sources, both arising from the projection is based on an assumption that the percent an attempt to infer birth data for the district from birth data for the county. First, age of Johnson County births Given the absolute growth of Solon's which occur within the district is a constant. enrollment, as well as the relative growth of a few other districts, this assumption is likely to lead to an overestimate of births in this school district. In addition, assumptions had to be made about the number of births which occurred in Johnson County but not University or Mercy Hospital last year. In 1977, an unusually high number of such births occurred. The Lincoln projection assumed the same number occurred in 1978, despite the fact that the number of such births actually fell from 1975 to 1976. The error is assuming that the large number i indicate an increase, let alone such a sts correct when previous years did not even eep one. Even taking the average of the last three years for which data are available, the number of Johnson County births taking place outside the two hospitals would be over fifty (50) fewer than the figure used in the Lincoln projection. Another projection has recently become available. This projection, completed by Dr. Leland Tack of the State of Iowa Department of Public Instruction, is based on a district -by -district allocation of Iowa's 1978 births to school districts in the state. Therefore, this projection is based on the latest, best information available. The UPI projects an elementary enrollment for the Iowa City Community School District of 4,051 pupils in 1982-83 and 3,991 pupils in 1983-84. This projection, then, is only slightly larger than the 3,900 used by the administration in the Facility Utilization Study. The figure is closer to the administration's working figure than it is to the Lincoln projection figure. For the five years covered by the Facility Utilization Study, then, the figures used by the administration appear to be reasonable. The Lincoln projection does make one other important claim, i.e., that the district enrollmentll se by thelPost ils a WorldearaWarfterII9baby bo om183. Thea isufinallyhoccurring. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES Moln Es One element of the Lincoln statement is correct. Births, and therefore enrollment, will increase. It is highly unlikely, however, that the increase will be as great as the Lincoln projection shows. An examination of national trends and projects will illustrate the situation. Births have begun to increase slightly nationally and in Iowa. The net reproductive rate (roughly equivalent to completed number of children per woman) has fallen below replacement level, however. Women are having fewer than the 2.115 births apiece necessary for replacement. The adjoining table shows the number of births which have occurred and would occur if women averaged 2.1 children. It also shows the number of 5 to 13 year olds the country would have. Assuming 7..1 births per women Year Number of Births (000's) Females (000's) 18-34 years old 5-13 yr olds (000's) 55-60 4274 27,925 60-65 4171 19,625 32,965 65-70 3621 21,415 35,754 70-71 3713 25,022 36,636 75-76 3126 29,265 33,440 80-85 3575 32,804 30,197 85-90 4008 33,859 31,012 90-95 3868 33,133 38,591 Clearly there will be an increase in births, unless the average family size is well below 2.1 children. Nevertheless that increase will not produce the 30 per cent or more increases for the 1980's over current enrollments as invisioned by the Lincoln proposal, either nationally or locally. Only in the 1990's would enrollments bulge significantly. More to the point for local concerns, there is little reason at present to expect this school district to share equally in the national enrollment growth. First, Iowa is one of the slowest growing states in the nation. Second, the economic base of this district is higher education, which is not expected to be a growth industry. Third, the faculty at the University is expected to grow older (as a collective, not just individually) and, therefore, have fewer young children. The simple fact of the matter is that the district is highly unlikely to return to, let alone surpass the enrollments it can expect in the next couple of years. The district now'has considerable excess elementary spaces, so no overcrowding problem would be faced even if three elementary buildings were closed and even if the district did share in the national increases which can be expected. E MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 14011IES QUESTION: SCHOOL CENStu DATA? The school census is taken every two (2) years and the most recent census was completed in June, 1978. This 1978 census reflects a loss of 593 students from the census of 1976. A copy of the complete 1978 census report is available on :•equest. The people who take the school census are hired for that purpose by the school district. Whenever possible, we try to hire people who live in the school attendance area, are known to the people in the area, and who are interested in the project'. Often, the people selected are active in a local school's PTA/PTO. The instructions for the taking of the school census are fairly detailed and have remained basically unchanged since at least 1966. A copy of the detailed instructions are attached. 0 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES I401r1Es 1, ` THE FAMILY SCHO�_ -'CENSUS RECORD - GENER.INSTRUCTI .+NS An adequate child accounting system begins at birth and continues unlit the person has reached Lhe age of twenty-one years, at which time the school is no longer required by law to make opportunity for free public education available . The Family School Census Record provides a means of enumerating and collecting data deemad pertinent to education. Data must be collected from the parents or guardians, who are residents of the Iowa City Community School District, about the following groups of persons: 1 . All persons from birth to, but not including, twenty-one years of age as of June 1. J 2. All blind persons, regardless of age. j 3. All persons who have reached their fifth birthday, but have not yet reached their thirty-fifth birthday, as of June 1, having a speech or hearing handicap. 4. Children requiring Special Education.* Note: Census worker asks: "Are any of your children handicapped?" "Do they attend school elsewhere in the state?" Additional criteria for item 11 (above): 1 . Whether single or married. 2. Including members of the military forces with home addresses in ICCSD. 3. Children melking•their permanent home with relatives or guardians. 4. Resident children attending schools away from home with home addresses in ICCSD. b. Inmates of ln,ULULions whose family residences are in ICCSD. G. 'those not attending school or who are employed. ""Children ri:quirinV Spscial education" mean, persons under twenty-one years I chilri of .arae, includin ren undnr five years of age, who are handicapped in obtaining an education b c.:use o physical, �lr^ bilitics mental, emotional, communication or learning or wlv� are ::hrcnica!ly Clisr•uptive, as defined by the rules of the department of public ins-truCUon. 10 187E nn MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES t INSTRUCTIONS FOR TAKING THE SCHOOL CENSUS 1 . Remember that accuracy is absolutely essential to a good census, hence you are to trust no data given by those who are guessing. 2. In order to find errors immediately in the date of birth given, it is advisible to first ask how old the child is and then ask for the birth date. You should then be able to discover whether or not the two statements agree. Check this information given on old cards. Sometimes you will discover a discrep- ancy in the birtndates . 3. Keep the exact address where it is not possible to get data. Find out the name of the family from neighbors, if possible. 4. Use pencil, print plainly and be sure to get all the information requested. 5. L-ist all in the family under 21 years old. Get the name and other inform- ation of the oldest person under 21 first, then the next oldest, etc. 6. Telephone the Business Office (338-7539) or the principal if you have question!;. 7. Be patient with those who are unwilling to give information. Explain the purpose and let them know that the law requires that this information be given. B. Don't go in the homes. 9. Keep districts separate. If you have extra cards, these may be put in other folders, but keep all cards with information on them in the correct folder. 10. Go to all the houses or apartments even though there is not a card for them. 11 , Envelopes should be returned as soon as a district is completed. All census taking must be finished by the first of June. INSTRUCTIONS FOR RECORDING DATA 1 . Enter the full name of father, or mother if father is not living with the family, or other person having custody of the children. Give name of guardian if children are not under control of either parent. 2. Post Office address of person named above. 3. For rural residents list township. For school district, list elementary school . j 4. Omit race and occupation. i 5. Name of child. Use separate line for each child. Do not skip lines. If the last name of the child is different than the last name of parent, enter the child's last name also, 6. Check under "M" for male and "F" for female. This is very important as in tabulating many times we do not know from the name if it is boy or girl. I 7. Month, day and year when c'h'ild vas born. For. example April 5, 1970, is given 4-5-70. It is a good idea tc,re-chccl; the birthdates given on old cards. (Old card, may show month, clay, year in rr.vorsed order.) SomeLimes the person who tool< this information 1st lime_ Ins mado an error. (Sec lri?fL pago) • t MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES M011lEs Instructions - page 2 Age in years on June 1 . This is very important. If a child becomes six ears old on June 2 he was only five on June 1 and this is the age to be recorded. The age of a child who has not reached his first birthday on or before June 1 is "0". A person who is 21 on June 1 should not be included in the enumeration. Draw a line through his name so that he won't be counted. 8. If the person is of school age and not in school, check this column; e.g. X - '78. Under "handicap" or "remarks" give the reason. Otherwise do not check this column. g; Note back of card for handicaps that are necessary to be recorded. In 13 and 14 make note of this so people tabulating will look on back of card. For each child with a handicap write in column 13 the type of handicap. (Sce instructions at the bottom of census card.) MISCELLANEOUS INSTRUCTIONS 1 . Before going out on your route, take the map in your package and visualize where you are to go and the best and shortest way to cover this given territory. Then separate your cards according to streets and the way you have decided is best to cover your territory. A rubber band around different streets helps. 2. Old cards - Add necessary information if new people have been added to family . 3. Do not list any college students living In rooming houses or dormitories. List only persons under 21 (married or single) whose parents reside in this district. Information for census cards should always be obtained from parents of all children 0 to 21 . 4. If no one is home, jot down the address on the scratch paper provided. Get all the information you can from a neighbor. If you are unable to contact them later, either by going back or by phone, make a card out for them giving as much in- formation as you were able to obtain - the principal will try them. to get in touch with 5. New Cards: Be sure to put district number in upper right hand corner. Get the name and other information of oldest person under 21 first, then next oldest, etc. The father or mother remembers birthdates better - if many in the family. 6. If there isn't a column left for current census date, jot information down on old card but be sure to make out a new card for.thern later. In making out a new card do not record names of persons 21 years of age or older. 7 . • Moved: Write "moved" diagonally across card so tabulator can see it. If you get information from people living there or fror. neighbors it will be helpful. Such as: moved to country, moved out of town, to 406 S . Johnson St. 8. At home when you have completed your district, be sure to sign all current cards on the back with year, district number, and your name. Please alphabetize all current cards and secure them with a rubber band. Keep all moved and old cards (those filled up) together. Be sure they are clearly labeled as such. 12 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1401 MES 13 i r - MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIIIES AGE GUIDE FOR 1978 CENSUS BIRTHDAY FALLS ON OR BETWEEN 0 June 2, 1977 - June 1, 1978 1 June 2, 1976 - June 1, 1977 2 June 2, 1975 - June 1, 1976 3 June 2, 1974 - June 1, 1975 4 June 2, 1973 - June 1, 1974 5 June 2, 1972 - June 1, 1973 6 June 2, 1971 - June 1 , 1972 7 June 2, 1970 - June 1, 1971 8 June 2, 1969 - June 1 , 1970 9 June 2, 1968 - June 1, 1969 10 June 2, 1967 - June 1, 1968 11 June 2, 1966 - June 1, 1967 12 June 2, 1965- June 1 , 1966 13 June 2, 1964- June 1 , 1965 14 June 2, 1963 - June 1, 1964 15 June 2, 1962 - June 1 , 1963 16 June 2, 1961 - June 1 , 1962 17 June 2, 1960 - June 1 , 1961 18 June 2, 1959 - June 1 , 1960 19 June 2, 1958 - June 1 , 1959 20 June 2; 1957 - June 1 , 1958 13 i r - MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIIIES QUESTION: ENROLLMENT PROJECTIONS - METHODOLOGY? The following is a description of the procedures used by the Grant Wood Area Educa- tion Agency in making enrollment projections: The first step is to compare the June census figures and the September enrollment figures for the kindergarten. Kindergarten enroll- ment will likely be smaller than given as it is not adjusted to antici- pate some students attending private schools. On the other hand, there will be some additional students who will be turning 5 between the June census and September 15th, so the number could tend to increase. While a ratio could be developed based on previous enrollment, such ratios have proven of questionable value and with population leveling off, it is expected to be of less value. Therefore, actual census figures, the district's own estimates (when provided), or estimates made at' Grant Wood, were used to predict kindergarten enrollment. The second step is to calculate the September Enrollment Change Percentages. This is done by showing the percentage increase or decrease for kindergarten with the kindergarten before it. Also, each grade is compared with the same group from a year before (e.g., grade 4, 1976 with grade 3, 1975) to show attrition. Then all grades combined are compared with all grades combined from the previous year. The formula used is as follows: R = ((A-0/11) X 100% where R = Enrollment Change Percentage Ratio, B = previous year's enrollment, A = present year's enrollment. The third step is to make the nrojections. The enrollment data is used to provide a ratio for each grade. The ratio is multiplied times the enrollment of the previous grade for the previous year to estimate the projected enrollment. That is: 1976, grade 3 = R X (1975, grade 2). It should be noted that special education and ungraded classes are not included in projections. To get an accurate estimate of enroll- ment, these figures must be included. They have been added to the current year total. Past totals have also been included. For the projections, the current total is projected as a constant. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES MOINES i QUESTION: ENROLLMENT - GRAND TOTALS? The enrollment information that we have used to make our projections has been based on regular program figures rather than grand total figures. There are several reasons for this tag: I. Legislation passed in 1975 re special education has resulted in significant increases in the number of special education programs. 2. The CEEC program has existed since 1976. i3. The procedure for counting special education students has fluctuated. 4. The number of "nonresident" or students who achieve residency, e.g. Systems Homes, has increased dramatically in the past few years because of the special education i legislation and the district's program responses. 5. It is important to use regular program counts for consistency, I The following is a comparison of all enrollment categories since 1973: 15 r — MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES I40111Es Regular SPECIAL EDUCATION OTHER PROGRAMS Pro ram Elem. J.H. H.S. CEEC Nelson HosYear Schoolal TTuition Shared Grand CEEC Time Total 1979(l) 8292 43 59 40 16 8 23 g 1978 8377 56 54 42 21 47 12.7 8549.70 1977 8736 15 25 22 11 36 6 31 14.20 8653.20 1976 8914 18 19 52 5 39 13.95 8937.95 1975 8978 12 26 29 21 10 20 51 5 28 14.50 9095.50 1974 8937 15 18 - 23 56 5 '- 6.25 9122.25 1973 9014 18 18 19 - 49 - -- 16.25 9054.25 -- -- 54 _ -- 8.25 9127.25 (1) Official enrollment from the official enrollment count taken on January 13, 1979. All other enrollment data is count taken the second Friday in September. 15 r — MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES I40111Es -_� QUESTION: IMPACT OF ENRG_.AENT DECLINE? In order to fully comprehend the impact that declining enrollment has on a school district budget, it is important to understand how schools are financed. A review of the response on Page 2, which is an explanation of Iowa's School Finance Law, indicates that the number of students is the basic unit upon which funding depends. When a district "loses" students, it "loses" budget authority. For example, if the current school finance law had not been amended for one year, this year, the district would have had its budget authority reduced by $319,314. Fortunately, there was legislative relief which resulted in a million dollar allowable growth. Forecasting the district's budget in the years ahead is difficult because we do not know at this time the amount of allowable growth. Nevertheless, we feel we have enough information to offer two estimates: 1. We have made a budget forecast for the next three years for the regular program budget assuming a 9% allowable growth rate per year and no change in the foundation plan. See attachment A. 2. We have made a budget forecast for the next three years for the regular program budget assuming the governor's proposed changes are approved by the legislature with a 7% allowable qrowth rate. See attachment B. There are some direct cost savings that are immediately realized from an enrollment decline. Fewer teachers are employed in the following year and the instructional supply budgets are reduced proportionally. These savings, however, represent only a part of the total per pupil cost and the complete adjustment of staff can be accomplished only over a period of several years. The budgetary implications of a continuing enrollment decline over a long range such as Iowa City is experiencing and is projected to experience, dictates an examination of fixed and indirect costs if the district is to avoid undesired cut backs in staff and program. Attachments - 2 r 16 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1401fIES 17 r MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIRES Regular Program Budget Forecast School Years 1980-81 Through 1982-83 1 • Assuming 9% Allowable Growth Per Year 1979-80 Regular Program Budget 14,966,182 Allowable Growth in Dollars 1,010,838 Loss of Growth Due to Enrollment Decline 120,890 1980-B1 Regular Program Enrollment; September 1978 8,377 September 1979 8,228 Numbar Dc_rease 149 Bonus Enrollment (50%) 75 Adjusted enrollment 8,303 Per Pupil Cost: 1979-80 Regular Program 1,727 Growth Per Pupil 144 1980-81 Regular Program 1,871 Total Budget (8,303 x 1,871) 15,534,913 Allowable Growth in Dollars 568,731 Loss of Growth Due to Enrollment Decline 138,454 1981-82 Regular Program Budget Enrollment: ' September 1979 8,228 September 1980 8,058 Number Docrease 170 Bonus Enrollment (50%) 85 Adjusted Enrollment 8,143 Per Pupil Cost: 1980-81 Regular Program 1,871 Growth Per Pupil 157 1981-82 Regular Program 2,028 Total Budget (8,143 x 2,028) 16,514,004 Allowable Growth in Dollars 979,091 Loss of Growth Duo to Enrollment Decline 172,380 1982-83 Regular Program Budget Enrollment: September 1980 8,058 Soptomher 1981 7,854 Number Docrcase 204 Bonus Enrollment (5076) 102 Adjusted Enrollment 7,956 Per Pupil Cost: 1981-82 Regular Program 2,028 Growth Per Pupil 172 1982-83 Regular Program 2,200 Total Budget (7,956 x 2,200) 17,503,200 Allowable Growth in Dollars 989,196 Loss of Growth Duo to Enrollment Decline 224,400 Four Year Budget Lou Due to Enrollment Decline 656,124 17 r MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIRES 2 M CC 3 N 3 W C Cn d � LL C C, a 2 C F- - a CO I o r M c a � a W - r s 0 J C O 4 O x LL N t - H 2 N r ¢ U su, s r: CD 2 W C CD c M tr =) V M C X: C O CD O Q a a C C ¢ `o J V (D C W u 1979-80 Regular Program Budg� Allowable Growth in Dollars Lou of Growth Due to Enrollment Decline 1980-81 Regular Program Budget Enrollment: September 19T1 September 1979 2/3 of Seplmdbrl 1977 2/3 of September 1979 Number Decrease Bonus Enrollment (50.1L) Adjusted Enrollm-nt 1/3 of September 1977 2/3 of September 1979 Bonus Enrollment Total Per Pupil Cost: 1979-80 Regular Program Growth Per Pupil 1980-81 Regular Program Total BudOct(8,567 x 1,839) Allowable Growth in Dollars Lou of Growth Due to Emrollment Decline 1981-82 Regular Program Budget Enrollment: September 1978 September 1980 2/3 of September 1978 2/3 of September 1980 Number Decrease Bonus Eniollmcni (50'%) Adjusted Enrollment 1/3 of Sepienrbe. 1978 2/3 of September 19PO Bonus Enrollment Total Per Pupil Cost: 1980-81 Regular Program Growth Per Pupil 19111-82 Regular Program Total Budget (0,270 x 1,959) Allowable Growth in Dollars Lou of Growth Due to Enrollment Decline 1982-83 Regular Program Budget Enrol Imrrnt: September 1979 September 1981 2/3 of September 1979 2/3 of September 1981 Number Decrease Bonus Enrolla-ent (50%) Adjusted Enrollment 1/3 of septrmber 1979 2/3 of Septrnnhcr 1901 Bmsus f 111011rss0nl Total 8,736 8,228 5,824 5,485 339 170 2,912 5,485 170 8,567 1,727 112 1,839 8,377 8,058 5,584 5,372 212 106 2,792 5,372 106 8,276 1,839 120 1,959 8,228 7,854 5,485 5,236 249 125 2,742 5,236 125 8,103 14,Y66,182/'y 1,010,838 15,754,713 788,531 16,200,930 446,217 Per Pupil Cost; 19111-07 Regulur Program 1,959 Growth Pel Pupil 129 1982-83 Ragulw Plopan, 2,088 Total Budget (0,103 x 2,088) 16,919,064 Allowable Growth in Dollars 718,134 Loss of Growtls Due to Enrollment Decline Four Year Budget Loss Due to Enrollment Decline MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES 120,890 310,791 207,654 258,912 898,247 18 8 I I i I I r-. QUESTION: LEGISLATIVE RELIEF? i Although the 1979 Iowa Legislature is in session and several area legislators have identified the problem of school finance as a priority item, it seems unlikely that the legislature will be able to provide adequate relief to make economizing measures unnecessary. This assumption is based in part on the following: 1. The legislature is limited in the amount of money that can be spent on education if taxes are not raised. 2. Many legislators that were elected and the governor promised not to raise taxes in their 1978 campaigns. 3. The philosophy of "proposition 13" and "fiscal responsibility" prevails among legislators. 4. The State Equalization Study is expected to have an impact on the legislature ( see Page 20 ) especially as it relates to providing support to smaller districts of 300 or fewer students. 5. Enrollment decline in the state is projected to continue through 1982_83 which is expected to influence the legislature as they consider increases in support to local school districts. 6. The legislature has received a proposal to consider placing a constitutional amendment to the vote of the people which would limit government spending. 7. The governor's budget message reflects an effort to cushion the impact of declining enrollment but our understanding of his proposal suggests it will fall short of dealing with future budget problems. 19 r MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES i i i QUESTION: STATE EQUALIZATION PROJECT? This is a federally financed project conducted by the Iowa Department of Public Instruction (DPI) to study various aspects of educational opportunity in Iowa. The major studies included in the project: 1) enrollment trends; 2) program equity; 3) expenditure equity; 4) transportation costs; 5) citizen. attitudes toward the present school foundation formula; 6) case studies of i reorganization in six Iowa districts. This study has been completed and recommendations have been made to the State Board and transmitted to the Iowa Legislature. The recommendations include: I. Continuation of the pupil count as the funding unit. 2. Retain transportation as a noncategorical funded aspect of the school finance law. 3. Provide districts with 300 students or less to base their school budgets on a budget -to -budget procedure. Each of the recommendations, especially those noted above, would directly impact the Iowa City Community School District, 20 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES 110 RIES QUESTION: COMPARISON OF GENERAL FUND EXPENDITURES? One way to understand the impact that Iowa's School Finance Law (see response on Page 2) has had on the district's budget is to review Iowa City's general fund expenditures with state average expenditures. As you examine this data, please note the "leveling" effect that the school foundation formula has had on our budget: 1977-78 •17,48 +99,98 -,24 +2,35 -31.31 +8,56 -14.90 +9.78 lowa city 1,118,87 1,182,23 1,257.86 1,451.72 1,582,38 1,676.22 State 953,34 1,033,06 1,170,59: 1,347.09 1,492,74 1,640,86 Iowa City as Percentage of State Average 117.36 114.44 107.46 107.77 106.01 102.15 21 r MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 14o1NEs I08A CITY COMMUNITY SCHOOL DISTRICT (Dollars GENERAL FUND EXPENDITURE COMPUTATION above or below state average of per -pupil cost based on ADM), 1972-73 1973-74 1974-75 1975-76 1976.77 Administration -,80 -4,63 =5,74 111.19 -11.50 Instructional Salaries +149,81 +144.38 +110,57 +117,13 +114,74 Instructional Supplies +18.87 +19.28 +16,79 +27.67 +9,16 Attendance d Health +1.71 +,95 +,35 +1,25 +3,04 Transportation -19,04 -20.72 -26,42 -30,04 -31.43 Fixed Charges +2,80 +16.35 +7,00 +4,86 +12.55 Operation a Maintenance +17.59 +9.95 +5,63 +9,58 -4,72 Other +4.45 +3.88 +3,29 +6.34 +12,81 Community Service -2.64 -1.77 -2,23 -1.07 .3,16 Capital Outlay -6,36 -17,75 -21.61 -19,29 -11,32 Debt Service -.88 -,80 -,37 -,82 -,54 Other (Tuition trans, to other districts) TOTAL +165,53 +149.17 +87,27 +104,42 +89,64 Expenditures per pupil 1977-78 •17,48 +99,98 -,24 +2,35 -31.31 +8,56 -14.90 +9.78 lowa city 1,118,87 1,182,23 1,257.86 1,451.72 1,582,38 1,676.22 State 953,34 1,033,06 1,170,59: 1,347.09 1,492,74 1,640,86 Iowa City as Percentage of State Average 117.36 114.44 107.46 107.77 106.01 102.15 21 r MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 14o1NEs I. QUESTION; ROLE OF SCHOOL SIZE AND COST. Many questions have arisen related to the efficiency of school size. The following charts are examples of how costs are distributed among our 16 elementary schools. In each of the charts, the schools are listed from smallest to largest according to the January 12 enrollment count. Special education students are eliminated from each school. CHART A The following chart reflects only instructional personnel costs. Salaries for each group included in this chart were averaged to eliminate any building having a dis- proportionate amount of young or experienced staff members from unduly influencing the total costs. In averaging principals' salaries, building differentials were not figured in; however, they were added back in to the appropriate buildings to arrive at total figures for that building. Included in the professional staff were class- room teachers, nurses, special teachers (art, music, P.E.), building administrators, and media specialists. Support staff included all building secretaries and regular program aides. The costs are only for actual salary for the 1978-79 school year, no fringe benefits are included in the figures. Cost attributable to instrumental music, LARS, and safety patrol are also not included. # Students as Professional Support Staff Total Per Pupil SCHOOL of 1/12/79 Staff F.T.E. Cost Cost Cost Cost Mann 153 10.39 $174,703 $14,134 $188,837 $1,234 Lincoln 156 10.33 163,321 12,340 175,661 1,126 Sabin 169 10.64 178,692. 18,916 197,608 1,169 Hills 196 10.83 181,725 16,084 197,809 1,063 Shimek 198 .11.35 187,579 12,340 199,919 1,010 Longfellow 200 12.01 201,514 12,340 213,854 1,069 Roosevelt 312 17.32 284,861 14,475 299,336 959 Penn 313 17.32 285,499 15,557 301,056 962 Twain 314 17.28 284;660 13,824 298,484 951 Kirkwood 317 17.24 284,222 19,096 303,318 957 Horn 341 17.22 2833,902 20,382 304,284 892 V ville Central 372 20.06 329,227 20,382 349,609 940 Hoover 382 2.1.77 356,516 13,824 370,340 969 Leine 385 19.53 320,768 16,188 336,956 875 Wood 417 23.01 376,106 15,959 392,065 940 Lucas 453 ' 24.71 an3,236 18,068 421,304 930 22 DISTRICT MEAN PER PUPIL COST.... 1,002.75 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES I401IIES E Role of School Size and `,!t (cont'd) CHART 8 This chart reflects operational costs. Utilities include water and sewer, gas, electricity, and basic phone rates. The costs for these utilities are based on the total costs for each school during the entire 1977-78 fiscal year. Last year's costs were used to show costs for the entire year. While we have applied last year's cost to this year's enrollment, the resulting error will generally be in the direction of showing lower per pupil costs than are actually occurring. With the exception of Coralville Central, Horn, Kirkwood, and Lemme, all enrollments are lower than last year and utility costc are up. Therefore, the per pupil cost will be greater than that shown when this year's figures are complete. We did maintaintain this year's enrollment to enable us to combine all costs for total figures. Operations staff costs included workers. Skilled employees only building and grounds custodians employees were and building food service not included in these costs. SCHOOL N STUDENTS 1/12/79 UTILITIES OPERATIONS TOTAL PER STAFF(Food OPERATIONS PUPIL Serv.,Custod.) COST COST Mann l53 $13,816 $24,693 $38,509 $252 Lincoln 156 7 259 18,085 25,344 162 Sabin 169 9,243 19,528 28,771 170 Hills 186 11,291 19,578 30z869 166 Shimek 198 10,941 19,402 30 343 153 Longfellow 200 14,407 24,182 38,589 193 Roosevelt 312 11,931 24,743 36,674 118 Penn 313 9,654 24,630 34,284 110 Twain 314 13,690 24 693 38,383 122 Kirkwood 317 10,049 24,693 34,742 110 Horn 341 13,211 24,743 37,954 111 C_Central 372 12 313 24,668 36.981 99 Hoover 382 11,920 25,154 37 074 97 Lemme 385 11 333 24 693 36,026 94 Wood 417 16 291 24,642 40,933 98 Lucas 453 14,326 24,743 39 069 86 OPERATIONS MEAN PER PUPIL COST 134 r 23 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES U IBES 24 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES Role of School Size and Cost (cont'd) CHART C Chart C simply combines both Chart A and Chart B into a considering the major expenses for the buildings. cost per pupil per building SCHOOL k STUDENTS STAFF OPERATIONS 1/12/79 SCHOOL PER COSTS COSTSTOTAL Mann PUPIL COST 153 $188,837 $38 ,508 Llncoln $227,345 $1,486 156 175,661 25,344 Sabin 169201,005 1,288 Hills 186 197,608 28,771 226,379 1,340 192,809 30,869 Shime_198 223,678 1,203 199,919 30,343 Longfellow 200 230,262 1,163 213,854 Roosevelt 38°588 312 252,442 1,262 299,336 Penn 313 36,674 336,010 1,077 301,056 34,284 Twain 314 335,340 1,071 298,484 38,382 Kirkwood 317336,866 1,073 303,318 34,742 Horn oCentral 341 338,060 1,066 304,284 37,954 372 342,238 1,004 349,609 36,980 Hoover 382 386,589 1,039 Lemme 385 370,340 37,073 407,413 1,067 336,956 36,026 Wood 372,982 969 417 392,065 40,933 Lucas 432,998 1,038 i 453 421,304 39,069 460,373 1,016 i MEAN PER I PUPIL COST... $1,135 i Examination of each of these charts will reveal that each school has a per pupil cost above the district under 300 mean and each school I per pupil cost below the district over 300 pupils population has mean. a IIt is also obvious that while the relationship between student population Pupil cost is not absolutely, indirectly and per correlated, it is quite close. Furthermore, the per pupil costs would appear to be somewhat differences. significant in the size of The smallest school cost 131% of the district I operate, while at Lucas, the per mean. the largest school, per pupil costs pupil mean are 89% of the cost to district While the above savings are obvious, it should be pointed out savings seem to also be that some intangible a realistic consideration. An example would involve media supplies. Instead of duplication of certain items at all sixteen items (magazine subscriptions,for example) duplicated the same media centers, at fewer buildings would allow dollars presently spent to purchase a richer range While this type of of savings doesn't show in actual dollars, it of materials selection in materials for students. is reflected each of the remaining schools. in quality 24 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES I There have been several questions raised relative to the administration's estimated savings to the school district if elementary schools are closed. Our savings estimates are based on 1978-79 budget costs and do not include savings that may be realized through attrition of teaching staff. Consequently, the following estimates should be viewed as conservative: SAVINGS FROM CLOSING SABIN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 1978-79 Budgeted Costs Salaries: Principal Secretary Custodians Librarian Library Clerk Fringe Benefits Playground & Lunch Supervisors Safety Patrol Electricity Gas Telephone Water and Sewer Total $22,360 7,340 16,910 6,910 4,560 7,550 1,620 500 4,810 7,770 1,060 410 I SAVINGS FROM CLOSING LINCOLN ELEM. SCHOOL 1978-79 Budgeted Costs Salaries: IN CLOSING INCREASE Principal $12,327 I, Release Time 6,533 Administrative Stipend 11000 Secretary 8,352 Custodians 14,675 Librarian 7,663 Library Clerk Fringe Benefits 2,421 Playground & Lunch Supervisors 6,886 1,620 Safety Patrol 500 Electricity 4,500 265 Gas Telephone 4,100 Water and Sewer 2,165 310 Total 72,817 SAVINGS FROM CLOSING MANN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 1978-79 Budgeted Costs Salaries: Principal $24,825 Secretary 6,784 Custodians 18,350 Librarian 6,633 Library Clerk 4,922 Fringe Benefits 7,997,620 Playground & Lunch Supervisors 1 Safety Patrol Electricity 500 8,500 Gas 8,850 015 Telephone 1,275 Water and Sewer 300 Total 90,071 COST PER YEAR BASED ON 6% ANNUAL INCREASE School Sabin Mann Lincoln 1978-79 81,800 90,071 72,817 1979-80 86,708 95,475 77,186 1980-81 91,910 101,204 81,817 1981-82 97,425 107,276 86,726 1982-83 103,270 113,713 91,930 1983-84 109,466 116,994 97,446 ACCUMULATED SAVINGS ASSUMING 6% PER YEAR IN CLOSING INCREASE THREE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN EXPENDITURES OVER 1978-79 COSTS 1979-80 1980-81 1981-82 1982-83 1983-84 Plan A 86,708 Plan B 173,416 367,400 561,384 852,814 86,700 173,416 346,430 519,864 810,292 25 .- - MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -OLS n010ES i QULSTIOPI: JRANSPORTAT10Tg7 Iranspor'tdtlm' costs for 1978-79 are based on a flat rate per bus of $9540. The majority of buses operated by the Iowa City Coach Company are 60 capacity rated. Currently, 19 of the 48 vehicles used for transportation are assigned to dual routes. The following is an estimate of the maximum increases in transportation costs if Plan A or Plan B were implemented('): 1979-80 1980-81 1981-82 1982-83 1983-84 Plan A -0- -0- 12,695 13,965 45,720 Plan B -0- -0- 25,390 27,930 45,720 j The following is an estimate of the maximum accumulated transportation costs if Plan A or Plan B were implemented: 1979-80 1980-81 1981-82 1982-83 j Plan A 1983-84 { -0- -0- 12,695 26,660(2) Plan B 72,380 f -0- -0- 25,390 53,320 99,040 1 � 1 A - ( ) Assumes no efficiency savings, e.g, dual routes. Also assumes a 10% increase in costs per year. (2) We are confident that the maximum transportation costs can be reduced significantly. For example: given the present conditions, we would be able to expand a dual route and eliminate the need for an additional bus in 1981-82, 1982-83, and 1983-84 for Mann students (Plan A), thereby reducing the maximum accumulated transportation costs by $42,021. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect the maximum accumulated transportation costs if Plan A were implemented to be $30,359. i MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES 1 QUESTION: SALE OF SCHOOL PROPERTY? In discussing the possible sale of school property and the use of the proceeds there of, it is necessary to distinguish between governmental and non-governmental buyers. Under the provisions of Chapter 28E and Section 297.22 of The Code of Iowa, the district can sell property to another governmental agency without a vote of the people. Proceeds from the sale must be placed in the schoolhouse fund and use of the money would be restricted to the some purposesas that permitted for the 67J cent levy and the site funds The sale of any school district property of a value in excess of $10,000 to a non-governmental buyer requires the approval of the electorate as provided in Code Section 278.1(2). In addi- tion to directing the sale, lease, or other disposition of any schoolhouse, site, or other property belonging to the district, the voters may also direct the application to be made of the proceeds thereof. This apparently would include placement in the general fund where it could then be used for regular operating expenses. 27 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RANDS -DES 1101RCS QUESTION: USE OF THE 671- CENT I EVV9 In September 1974 the voters in the Iowa City school election approved for a ten year period a levy of not to exceed 67� cents per $1,000 of taxable valuation. renewed and expanded authority was used was fiscal year 1975-76 the first year in which the this tax vote will be 1984-85. The amount the le The last effective year of ncrea change in valuations. For next year it will be in excess of $500,pO0ses each year with the The levy is not automatic. The Board of Directors must certify the levy each year when they adopt the budget. They may certify all of it, a part of it or none of it. Unexpended funds I may be carried forward from year to year. However, in any year the Board should decide to not use the authority or not levy the maximum amount then that degree of authority would be lost forever. The 671 cent levy money is a part of the schoolhouse fund. In accordance with Section 278.1(7) of The Code of Iowa, it may be used for the purchase of grounds, construction of schoolhouses or buildings, the payment of debts contracted for the erection or construction of schoolhouses or buildings, not including interest on bonds. For the procurement or acquisition of libraries, for opening roads to schoolhouses or buildings, for the purchase of buildings ore ui ings or schoolhouses and for the purpose of repairing, remodelinreconstruction, S pmimp for build - expanding the schoolhouses or buildings for the school district. It may beused to land Cape,roVin or pave, or improve the schoolhouses or building grounds, or for the rental of facilities from other governmental bodies. Interest earned from investment of these funds maybe used for the Purposes voted. M MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•Dr.S MOINES '-1 QUESTION: ENRICHMENT TAX? Section 442.14, Code of Iowa, does permit a local Board of Education to raise the district's budget a maximum of 5% through an "enrichment" tax. This additional tax does have to be approved by the voters and can be approved for a maximum of five years. The tax may be used only for "educational research, curriculum maintenance or development, or innovative programs." 29 r _ MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES 140INES QUESTION: IMPACT ON TITLE I FUNDS? Will the school district lose any Federal funds such as Title I, ESEA, if one or more schools qualifying for Title I programs are closed? The answer is "no." The state educational agency notifys each school district of the Title I allocation for each fiscal year, which is based on the number of children from low income families living within the school district. It is the responsibility of the school district to submit programs for approval that will be offered at schools where children can best be served and in schools that have the greatest need. 30 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES MOINES i QUESTION: REALLOCATION - PRIORITY ITEMS? If a school building were closed thus freeing resources to make improvements in the district, what would these improvements be? The following priorities have been recommended: 1. INSTRUCTIONAL BUDGET The buildings' ilistructional supply budgets have not been increased in the past i four (4) years. These amounts per pupil are: i Elementary $44.20 Junior High 53.50 Senior High 60.50 I would hope to provide at least a $5 per pupil increase effective in 1979/80: Elementary $23,865 increase Junior High 9,600 increase Senior High 9,510 increase $42,975 2. GIFTED AND TALENTED A priority established for this year was the determination of guidelines for a district gifted and talented program. Although these guidelines are still being developed, it is anticipated that we will need funds to provide the programming desired. The following is a tentative budget for 1979/80: Coordination (half-time) $ 91000 Materials for classrooms 5,000 Inservice 2,000 Pilot Programs 5,000 Saturday class Summer school Individual assistance One-week programs (fall/spring) Identification/evaluation 11000 $22,000 3. JUNIOR HIGH READING PROGRAM We would like to supplement the developmental reading program at the junior high level by the addition of a LARS staff position that would serve the three schools: Junior High LARS $17,000 31 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES NOIRES L REALL....ATION - PRIORITY ITEMS P.2 4. MAINTENANCE AND OPERATIONS .There is need to increase the number of people in the physical plant to deal with maintenance problems. Additional help is especially needed in our carpenter shop and in our paint crew: Increased Maintenance and Operations $22,000 i In addition to these priorities, we expect to need additional money in the maintenance and operations area to buffer the impact of inflation. ii _ I 1 i i i i i I i 32 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIIIES UESTION: ALTERNATIVE USES F K BUILDINGS CLOSED? A final decision regarding the alternative uses for buildings that are closed has not been made. In developing a recommendation for Board consideration, the following will be taken into account: I I. The district currently spends $46,620 yearly for rental property to house the follow- ing programs: Administrative Building Month Year j C.E.E.C. TT40 17,280* P.S. 94 600 7,200 Auto Mechanics 625 7,500 Physical Plant Building 550 6,600 Rent 460 5,520 *Plus Annual Property TTax lIncrease 44,100 2,520 TOTAL 46,620 2. The compatibility of the program with the vacated school site must be considered. 3. The location of the school vacated and its proximity to other district facilities. One recommendation consistent with Plan A or B, would result in P.S. relocated in Sabin School. If this were to happen, the result occur: N4 and CI pact being following financial impact would I. Savings from closing Sabin Elementary School (refer to Page 9 for more detailed information): Total $81,800 2• Savings if CEEC and PSN4 occupied the building: Rent 14,700 Electricity 1,265 Gas 2,160 Custodian 720 Total 18,845 3. Added cost if CEEC and PSy4 occupied the building: Custodian 4,100 Electricity 4,810 Gas 7,770 Water & Sewer 410 Total 17,090 4. Net savings with CEEC and PSN4 in the building: TOTAL $83,555 This savings affects the accumulated savings (see page 9). No major renovation is needed to house CEEC and PSy4 in Sabin School. 33 IIICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 14011JES I j I Revised 10/18 I QUESTION: SCHOOL CAPACITY OF EACH SCHOOL? The capacity of each school was updated in November 1978. This data reveals that the district has a maximum capacity for over 6,000 elementary students. This compares with the 1978 elementary enrollment of 4717 students and the projected elementary enrollment for 1983 of approximately 3900 students. The following is the classroom space analysis for the district: CLASSROOM SPACE AIIALYS15 SCHOOL _ C (ty. Iltgh , 1 No. of Per1rancnt Classrooms or Clusters 2 14 1 No. of Total No. PO ab of Class- Class- rooms rooms I _T_'__6 Square I't. Square Ft. Ar -a cf Area of Permanent Portable. Classrooms Classrooms Total Sq. Ft. Area of All Clasyrooms 7 Enrollaent 9/19 840 —F— Maximum Enrol lnunt with No lrm nraries 850 Maximum Enrollment with Present TenuLinrpr1c2 950 37 5 42 34.554 3,388 37,942 lleit_tli'h_,_ Central Jr. Iii 57 20 1 6 58 26I17 54,516 071 486 5.096 55 002 22,161 996 393 1,200 350 _ _1,200 500 Nnrtliwest Jr. Ili 32 3 35 36,556 2160 38,71G 790 175 050 South East Jr.lii C'ville Central 26 19 10 0 36 19 26,351 15.304 _ 7_061 0 33,412 _ 737 700_ 940 15 304 392 _ 450 Hills 13 0 13 12.357 0 12.357 161 300 Hoover 20 0 20 16,600 0 16 600 386 475 Horn 16 1 17. 12,300 700 13,000 347 375 400 Kirkwood 15, 0 15 11.900 0 11 900 316 350 Lemnc__ 5 Dods 2 17 15 0001 200 16,200 383 475 1 500 Lincoln 9 1 10 10,507 600 11,107 165 240 1 265 Loegfcllow ]a 0 18 15 135 0 �-135 _ 222 425_ Lucas . 17 pus 1 cluster 2 _23 10,689 1,480 _ - _20 0 _2016,308 _ 0 _ 16 300 _ __1 4 450 Leen_ _15 0 15 13.560 0 13.560 305 350__ _ Romcvelt 17 0 17 11.400 0 11.400 319 _ 375_ Sabin 11 1 0 11 9,240 0 9,240 175 _ 260 Shimek . _ _ 9 0 9 9 225 0 9 225 197 140 Twain 20 0 20 18.583 0 18.588 323 440 Wood 2K + 4 pods 3 14 16.411 2,100 18,511 416 450 _ 525 34 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES QUESTION: SCHOOL SIZE? The question of the ideal size for schools has been debated for decades. During this period of rising school costs and declining school enrollments, the discussiop f this question has increased. The following information from an ERS Research Briefll� is germane to our interest in this question in Iowa City: "Much of the research on school and school district size has been based on the premise that there is an optimum or ideal size for schools and districts. Most investigators have looked for an ideal size in terms of quality of program and/or economy of costs." (p.l) it A research study leading to the tecommen- dation that schools enrolling fewer than 300 Pupils should be eliminated was conducted by the Montgomery County (Maryland) School System in 1973. A task force of 23 schoolmen, laymen, and government officials reviewed available literature, held discussions with teachers and principals, surveyed the community and selected Junior high school students, examined school - wide achievement test data, and analyzed cost data. The discussions with teachers and prin- cipals yielded the following list of advantages and disadvantages of small elementary schools (schools with less than 300 pupils): Advantages • The small school, especially one with declining enrollment and uneven distribution of children in grades, is more likely to utilize innovative teaching methods and to encourage indi- vidual teaching and open class- room situations with working groups that cut across grade levels. (1) A SUMMARY OF RESEARCH ON SIZE OF SCHOOLS AND SCHOOL DISTRICTS (ERS 1974 Research Brief) 35 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1101NES I I I I i _1 • The small school is more likely to develop an "emerging staff," that is, one that reaches out to take on adminlstrative responsi- bilities and has a voice in run- ning the school. • Small schools provide a "family atmosphere" in which teachers can know all of the children in the school and many of their parents and develop close, sup- portive relationships with both groups. a The community has a close rela- tionship to the school and is likely to provide volunteers rgndother support to the school, wh.i�.h may serve as a community center. • The principal knows the staff well and can make maximum use of individual talents. • Staff members are aware of hap- penings in the entire school and feel a part of it; a child may know students on more grade levels than would be the case in a larger school, thereby contributing to overall social development. • Present staffing policies allot a full-time principal regard- less of school size and an addi- tional teaching position to elementary schools of less than 300 students with the result that more professional staff is available per pupil. Dlxndvant,•gjvs • Staffing n small school can some- times be. difficult. When enroll- ment is declining and pupils are not evenly distributed by grade, allocating staff may result in awkward combinations. • If there is only one teacher per grade (or grouping), little choice of teacher or teaching method is available to tho student. • A smaller professional staff has proportionally fewer diverse approaches and specialties to offer; staff members have fewer colleagues with whom to share ideas and experiences, • Children are limited in contacts with. others because the student body of a small school is more likely to be homogeneous than that of a larger school, as it may draw from a smaller geo- graphic area. • In small schools, specialists have less opportunity to group children with related problems. Since the specialist has to divide time between several small schools, time is lost in travel, and there is less opportunity to know the students. • Since funds for books and materials are supplied on a uniform dollar per pupil formula for all schools, small schools are able to purchase fewer items and thus offer less variety of books, materials, and equipment. ' The task force drew the following con- clusions: • As school size decreases, per - pupil costs gradually increase until the school size reaches 300-500. At that point, the costs start to increase more sharply so that a school with 36 about 200 students will cost, MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES :4 k 1 _n the average, 20 per cent more Ter student than a school with 300 students, and 25 per cent more than a school with 500-600 students. • The variation in per -pupil costs for schools of the same size is comparable with variations in average cost for schools of dif- ferent alze. For example, an "inexpensive" school wlth 250 Pupils costs as little per -pupil as a typical school with 300 to 325 students and less than an expensive school with 350 or more students. • About two-thirds of the increased cost of small schools is attrib- utable to cost of professional staff. Specifically, (1) current practices call for one principal for a school regardless of size; and (2) an additional teacher is allocated to small schools in order to avoid large classes and to provide flexibility for special situations. • The second major factor accounting for the increased cost of small schools is the added costs of other staff: secretaries, aides, and building services employees. 1) (p• 8-9-11) A summary of other recommendations found in a survey of professional literature regarding the size of elementary schools includes: Source Recommendation American Federation of 500 pupils optimum Teachers, 1974 800 pupils maximum Montgomery County(Maryland) 300 pupils minimum Small Schools Task Force, 1973 Maltby, et al, 1972 400-600 pupils optimum Whitt, 1978 Minimu f 300 5 m o - 00 pupils in K-6; Maximum of 900 Purdy, 1968 Minimum of 300; optimum of 500; Maximum of 750 (K-8) Morphet, Johns, and Reller(1967) 200-700 pupils in K-6 George Peabody College Minimum 240; optimum 500-720 (3 sections) for Teachers, 1965 37 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLHR CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES It is my opinion that an optimum size for elementary schools in Iowa City, given the present conditiorvand what we expect in the future, would be 300-500 pupils. This does not imply that I think schools are ineffective if a school is smaller than 300 pupils. It does mean that I believe there are certain advantages to a school of this size including: 1.) Staffing a small school can be difficult. When enrollment is declining and pupils are noc evenly distributed by grade, allocating staff can result in undesirable combinations. Often combinations are created for efficiency rather than effective reasons. 2.) Instructional funds for books and materials are provided schools on a uniform dollar amount per pupil. Small schools are able to purchase fewer items and thus, offer less variety of books, materials, and equip- ment. The library area is an excellent example of this problem. 3.) If there is only one teacher per grade (or grouping), little choice of teacher or teaching method is available to the student and/or parent. 4.) The staff of a small school has proportionally fewer diverse approaches and specialties to offer. The teachers have fewer colleagues with whom to share ideas and experiences. 5.) In small schools, children have limited contacts with others because the student body of a small school is more likely to be homogeneous. 6.) In small schools, the specialists have less opportunity to become part of the staff and to integrate their specialty into the regular school program. In addition, the specialists have to divide their time between other schools and time is lost in travel that could be available for students. Input from principals regarding the questions of efficiency and effectiveness as they relate to "size" was sought. In a three-part exercise, the principals were asked: 1) to identify advantages and disadvantages of maintaining ALL ATTENDANCE CENTERS; 2) to individually prioritize the advantages and disadvantages listed; and 3) to reach a group consensus on a priority ranking of the advantages and disadvantages. The results of this exercise clearly indicate that from the building principals' perceptives, maintaining all attendance centers will: reduce program opportunities and produce ineffective student placement (effectiveness reasons); and produce higher operational costs and unnecessary duplication of costs (efficiency reasons). Attachments - 2 Ki MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES HOMES 4 ;lC"v UJ 0 10/78 RE: MAINTAIN ALL ATTENDANCE CENTERS t_5_ Increased opportunity for participation in schoolactivities for students and parents. Fewer discipline problems due to increased supervis'ic Neighborhood schools closer to students' homes. Increased camaraderie and individual attention becaus "everyone knows everyone." Improved cooperation with less competition. Easier to schedule/arrange for special activities, e.g. field trips. Facilities with less than maximum capacity have space available for special projects and programs. _Keeping all schools open will help maintain community harmony. =Smaller classes are possible if staffing subsidies were available to maintain self-contained classes. No principal RIF necessary if all buildings maintained. additional busing would be required. additional buildings need to be built. RESULTS OF INDIVIDUAL RANKINGS BY BUILDING PRINCIPALS. DISADVANTAGES / Program opportunities will be* reduced. _Difficult to maintain quality of performance groups. Increased travel for staff:tearhers shared by two or more buildings. _Staffing because of expediency rather than qualificat- s Specials e.g. P.E., become fractional staff and not a real part of a school team. Multiage grouping and/or combination classes may no*ft a desirable alternative. J. Limited resources will result in fewer courses at the secondary level. =Neighborhood schools are not always a cross section of students. Single section schools too sma;l. =Too small schools pose scheduling problems. —A_Ineffective student placement/groupings: no choice. S�Inefficient class sizes, e.g. 14 and 15 students per section. 17Increased staff travel costs: mileage and time lost. _LHigher operational costs, e.g. maintenance, energy! 3 District is paying unnecessary rental., e.g. board ` office, CEEC, PSN4. .5_Less flexibility in use of resources, e.g. program development, Title IV. .t Unnecessary duplication of costs: administration, special education, equipment, etc. —± -Per pupil costs are higher in small buildings. Co -curricular programs more costly on per pupil basis. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 110IIIEs 1 10/78 RE: MAINTAIN ALL ATTENDANCE CENTERS RESULTS OF GROUP CONSENSUS RANKINGS BY BUILDING PRINCIPALS. MUM111nuc DISADVANTAGES 'Increased opportunity for participation in school. v Program opportunities will be reduced. activities for students and parents. Fewer discipline problems due to increased supervision Difficult to maintain quality of performance groups. _ Increased _Neighborhood schools closer to students' homes. travel for staff:teachers shared by two or more buildings. ,Increased camaraderie and individual attention because "everyone Staffing because of expediency rather than qualificat, knows everyone. cooperation with less competition. _Specials e.g. P.E., become fractional staff and not a _Improved Easier to schedule/arrange for special activities, real part of a school team. ✓ Multiage grouping and/or combination classes may not I e.g. field trips. 'Facilities with less than maximum capacity have space a desirable alternative. _Limited resources will result in fewer courses �' available for special projects and programs. at secondary level. Keeping all schools open will help maintain community harmony. schools are not always a cross section Smaller classes are possible if staffing subsidies of of students. Single section schools too small. were available to maintain self-contained classes. No principal RIF Too small schools pose scheduling problems. necessary if all buildings maintained: ✓ Ineffective student placement/groupings: no choice. — A O additional busing would be required. additional buildings need to be built. _Inefficient class sizes, e.g. 14 and 15 students per section. Increased staff travel costs: mileage and time lost. v Higher operational costs, e.g. maintenance, energy.— District is paying unnecessary rental,, e.g. board office, CEEC, PSN4. _Less flexibility in use of resources, e.g. program development, Title IV. VUnnecessary duplication of costs: administration, special education, equipment, etc. Per pupil costs are higher in small buildings. Co -curricular programs more costly on per pupil basis. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES 1 QUESTION: CONSIDERATIONS( USED WHEN DETERMINING WHICH BUILDINGS TO CLOSE? Many factors enter into the decision to close a school. Deciding to close a school is only the first step; which school to close is the second. Universally accepted criteria(2) for determining which building(s) will be closed do not exist. However, it does appear that the final determination of which building(s) will be closed revolves around efficiency factors and politics. The administration identified the following considerations when determining which buildings would be recommended for closure: 1. The enrollment and projected enrollment for each building. 2. The physical features of each building, e.g. site, playground, etc. 3. The proximity to another school. 4. The impact on the neighborhood/community if the building were to close. 5. Program effectiveness resulting from part-time staff, e.g. specials. 6. Program efficiency resulting from unnecessary duplication, e.g. media resources. 7. The impact on the educational opportunities available in the district. Each school was compared with the other six smallest schools and a numerical value was assigned to each school for each consideration. The following numerical values were applied: Consideration #. I Rank Order School 1(3) 2 3 4 5 6(4) 7 Total to Close Hills 5/2 6 6 6 4 1 1 29/26 6 Lincoln 2/5 3 5 3 2 1 1 17/20 3 Longfellow 6/6 4 3 5 6 1 1 26/26 5 Mann 1/4 2 2 4 1 1 1 12/15 2 Sabin 4/1 1 1 1 3 1 2 13/10 1 Shimek 3/3 5 4 2 5 1 1 21/24 4 I The use of this system of assigning numerical values for each consideration for each school was intended to help make a rational decision about a highly emotional topic. As you review this data, it is important to remember that a qualitative analysis of categorical considerations is relative, not absolute. (1) Consideration for this response is defined as a circumstance to be taken into account, to think about, examine mentally, keep in mind. (2) Criteria for this response is defined as a standard by which a correct judgement can be made, a measure for distinguishing between perfect or imperfect. (3) The first number represents a comparison of projected enrollment for 1983-84 school year, while the second number represents a comparison of the number of students able to walk to the assigned school. (4) No significant difference, e.g. all six schools have .5 media. i 41 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES IIOIMES 4Ut3IIUw: rtnIUnt3 WUNU IN tLtu tlInm 3tnUUL3: A question has been raised regarding which elementary schools have certain features found at Sabin Elementary as a part of their school "program." The following information from elementary principals is a response to this question: "FEATURES" 1. Multi-age grouping. 2. Ability streaming, subject by subject. 3. Individualized instruction for students with problems in particular subjects or with socialization disabilities. 4. Peer teaching (older students helping teams of younger kids). 5. Regular experiential learning experiences within the community. 6. Intensive instruction in overnight experiences. 7. Open learning centers/open classrooms. 8. Individual study programs demanding children learn research skills not only in media centers but outside the school as well, giving students large scale nonfiction writing instruction. 9. Fiction reading programs which stress "deep -structure." 10. Cultural enrichment programs, schoolwide, such as Sabin's "Music Days" and "International Days." 11. Preschool program (at least recreation, preferably instruction and hobby clubs as well). 12. Non -A ERP after-school programs (at least instruction, preferably with outdoor/environmental segments as well). 13. Direct parental involvement in specialized instruction. 14. Direct community resource personnel involvement in specialized instruction. 15. Title I buildings which have at least some of these features. "FEATURES" SCHOOL 1 7 3 a r r 7 v n in 11 in ,� ,. 11 C'_ville Cent. X X XX X X X IT X IJ X Hills X X X X Hoover X X X X X Horn X X X X X X X X X X X X X Kirkwood X X X X X X X X X X X X Lemme X X X X X X X Lincoln X X X X X X X X X X X Lon fellow X X X X X X X X Lucas X X X X X X X X X X X Mann X X X X X X X X X X X Penn X X X X X X X X X X Roosevelt X X X X X X X X X X X Shimek X X X X X X X X X X Twain X X X X X EX X X Wood X X X X X X X X X X X 42 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIOS•DES rioluEs QUESTION: ELEMENTARY STUDENTS BUSED? 'I The pupil transportation policy for the district is detailed in Board Policy 702.1. Essentially, this elementary�; Policy provides that P pits shall be entitled to transportation only if they live more than two (2) miles from the school designated for attendance. Exceptions are made for education and when safety conditions warrant, n requiring special In the 1978-79 school year, 855 elementary students are provided transportation to the following schools: School Number of Students Bused C'ville Central Hills 93 Kirkwood 139 Lemme 49 Lucas 3176 Mann Penn 19 Roosevelt 190 Shimek 97 Twain 85 76 Total 855 The University finances the cost in providing two buses from the University Motor Pool to transport approximately 100 students living in Hawkeye Drive, Hawkeye Court, and Hawkeye Park to and from Coralville Central. 43 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES PIOINES 1 UESTION: OPEN ENROLLMENT POLICY? The school district allows for "open enrollment" in accordance with Board Policy 501.6. In 1978-79 there are 676 students attending schools other than their assigned school. The following chart details this information: 1978-79 NUMBER OF TRANSFER STUDENTS ATTENDING ' SCHOOLS OTHER THAN ASSIGNED ATTENDANCE CENTER tCC TRANSFER TOj o u 5 Lm c Ec b B - - Assigned Center V _ _ .; •, 2:`= J 3 L J J J•• ga, E In N , Coralvllle Cen. 1 16 25 2$41 Hills B 14 2 2 1 73 Hoover 2 1 4 3 7 18 7 4HornKlritwood 11 1 12t Lemma 1 15 Lincoln Oz LL 1 2 8 1 1 13 1 2 2 3 Long(ctivw 6 13 1 3 1 1 2 2 3 56 2 4 87 Lucas Mann 4 4 2 2 2 3 2 5 24 $� 1 2 3 q 2 15 Il 36 Penn F q 2 3 2 1 1 I 11 1 27• Roosevelt Sabin 17 1 2 11 1 2 2 34 . Shimok i 5 4 3 Twein 1 •• 2 6 Wood 1 1 4S rr--3 1 1 17 7 36 I 1 3 _ 5 1 7 20 Totals 17 0 126 38 33 14 2 23 17 16 1 30 139 34 21 28 437 • (Enrollment Goin from Other Center;) CJH NW SE CH Will - Control 3U 13 City illoh 71 Nortimcit 10 •3 Watt High 74 • South East 27 9 • — — (Goin) TOTALS 37 39 16 (Goin) . TOTAL I:-12 - 676 r 44 FIICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOVIES QUESTION: EFFECT ON STAFFING/CLASS SIZE? The closing of one or more elementary schools will not affect the way schools are staffed. This means that we hope (budget permitting) to retain our present staffing ratio of 19.9 to 1 for elementary schools. Also, we hope to be able to provide i i staffing supplements (budget permitting) as the need arises. 45 r - _ MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES tI01HEs QUESTION: ACCESSIBILITY TO SCHOOL BUILDINGS FOR THE HANDICAPPED? The two .recently enacted laws dealing with education for the handicapped are: P.L.94-142, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975; and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. These two laws are frequently considered one and the same; actually, they are two separate laws that are closely related. Facility accessibility is specifically a part of Section 504: 1. Section 504 addresses itself to providing greater opportunity for the physically and mentally handicapped to have access to and participate in activities that are accepted by the majority of our citizens as unquestionable rights. 2. This law was designed to change those situations where equal opportunity is not afforded to handicapped individuals by altering the discriminating conditions. Specifically, these regulations address issues of primary importance to the well-being of handicapped individuals - issues of education, employment, access to and use of facilities, and social services. 3. The laws are complex and detailed, but, as of this date, we are working toward full compliance with all rules and regulations. 4. Certain attendance centers in the school district have been designated to accommo- date the needs of the physically handicapped student. These schools are Kirkwood Elem., Northwest Junior High, West High, Longfellow Elementary (hearing impaired), and j the Nelson Developmental Center. All school facilities do not need to be barrier -free or accessible if an alternative arrangement can provide equal opportunities. 46 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES 110I11ES 1 QUESTION: 1978/79 KINDERbARTEN FREEZE? In April, 1978, following the district's kindergarten roundup activities, it became apparent that the district was going to experience a significant enrollment decrease in kindergarten for the 1978-79 school year. In fact, in April 1978, it appeared that the district could have fewer than 600 kindergarten students when school started the following fall. Once this problem became apparent, a temporary "hold" was placed on all transfer requests for kindergarten students. Parents were told that notification of approval of 1978-79 kindergarten transfer requests would be made prior to the end of the school year, but until follow-up activities related to kindergarten roundup were complete, no transfers were going to be approved. This temporary hold on kindergarten transfers was necessary to avoid staffing problems and to ensure conformity with Board Policy 501.3. The "freeze" on kindergarten transfers was lifted in May, 1978. During the time the hold/freeze was in effect, those parents wishing to enroll their children in kindergarten at Sabin were placed on a waiting list. Once the freeze was lifted, their requests for a transfer were approved. Prior to the I April "freeze" preliminary plans had been made to hold one section of kindergarten f at Sabin. A tentative maximum enrollment of 22 students was established. In my opinion the temporary hold on kindergarten transfers had a negligible impact i because the official enrollment for Sabin's kindergarten was 19 students. I i f !i i i r I i 47 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES MOINES ba QUESTION: OPTIONS FOR POTENTIALLY OVERCROWDED SCHOOLS? The problem of population shifts affects four elementary school attendance areas which have been identified as having a great potential to become overcrowded during the next five years. The following contingency plans deal with the problem: School Contingency Plan Lucas Redirect bus route from Lucas to Hoover or another school. Penn Identify a part of River Heights that would be assigned to another school Horn Redefine Horn's boundaries and assign students from newly developed areas south and west of Horn (TynCae and Bryn Manor) to another school. Restrict transfers into Horn. Wood Redefine Wood's boundaries and assign students from newly developed areas west of Wood (Pepper - wood) to another school. Restrict transfers into Wood. aN n r' MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RANDS -DES MOINES �I QUESTION: IMPORTANCE OF A FEBRUARY DECISION? i It is important for the Board to make any decisions regarding boundary adjustments, school closings, and relocation of programs as close to February 1 as possible. A decision is needed because of the impact on I budget decisions, staffing considerations, and planning for a smooth opening for the next school year. i i i i I i I� I I i 49 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES I40INES 1 �- RE: FACILITY UTILIZATION STUDY - ORDER OF EVENTS November 1, 1977 A special meeting of the Board was held and dirtrict enrollment and facility utilization problems were discussed. The Board directed the administration to develop alternatives for dealing with the problemthat was identified, and established cer':ain constraints that were to be considered when developing alternatives. These included: 1 1. Present school facilities are to be kept open. 2. Bussing is to be utilized as opposed to building new schools. 3. School enrollment is to be balanced. 4. Present and future special education needs are to be considered. I 5. The open enrollment policy is to remain in effect. 6. In attempting to provide greater utilization of classroom space in individual schools, bussing students who are already being bused is to be considered. 7. Data regarding adjustments in the enrollment for elementary and secondary schools is to be provided. 8. Data regarding each school's utilization of space for regular and j special programs and services is to be included in the report. It was stated that the goal was to complete the study in sufficient time for the Board to make a decision before February 1, 1978. November 22, 1977 The Board was advised that a meeting had been held with Dr. Rex Honey, GeogrE:phy Department, University of iowa, relative to the development of alternatives For dealing with the facility utilization problem. January13, 1978 A special meeting was held at which Dr. Honey presented several alternatives for dealing with the Facility Utilization Study for Board consideration. The Board agreed to study the materials and to further discuss the information a+: their January 24, 1978, meeting. January 24, 1978 The Board discussed the alternatives prepared by Dr. Honey which were pre- sented to them on January 19. The administration was directed to further refine Plan A, and to develop a Plan C using parts of Plans A and B, taking into consideraticn the current and future space needs for special education and bussing costs. It was also recommended that the administration explore the possibility of building an overhead walkway over the Highway 6 By -Pass. 50 rr - MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES Pape 2 Fa ity Utilization Study Update February 14, 1978 Alternatives identified as Plan A and Plan C were reviewed, and suggested ways for housing special education classes were discussed. A number of concerns were expressed anci requests were made for additional information, including: 1. The projected enrollment in each school for Plan C. 2. Need for increasing enrollment in current low enrollment schools. 3. More information on bussing alternatives and costs. 4. Consideration of possible closing of one or more schools. 5. Staffing and academic program for regular and special education students where adjustments in enrollment are made. February 28, 1978 The Board agreed to delay implementation of a comprehensive redistricting plsn until the fall of 1979. This decision was based on the fact that several Board members felt that more time was needed to study the options that were presented The Board directed the Administration to prepare for the March 14 meeting, a recommendation to alleviate the overcrowded condition at Penn Elementary School for the 1978-79 school year. March 14, 1978 The Board approved an administrative recommendation that changed the attendance boundaries between Kirkwood Elementary School and Penn Elementary School. Students living north of I-80 (12th Avenue north to Holiday Road, east on Holiday Road to 1st Avenue, including Lakewood Village) will be assigned to Kirkwood Elementary School commencing with the 1978-79 school year. This change is expected to prevent the enrollment of Penn Elementary School from exceeding the building capacity. October 17. 1978 Special meeting to provide an update for the Board, especially the two new Bolyd members. Update included a review of fall enrollments and 1978 census data. At this meeting, the Board indicated their desire to continue to work toward a five-year plan with a decision by December 31, 1978 51 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 6101nES . uy Facility Utilization Study Update November 28, 1978 Special facility utilization study worksession, the purpose of which was for the Board to establish the direction that the administrative staff should take in developing specific plans for the next five years that involve keeping all schools open or closing or converting to alternative uses, one or more attendance centers. Two options were presented: Option A - Maintain all attendance centers; and Option B - Close one or more attendance centers. The Board directed the administration to develop a series of alternatives for Option B: Close one or more attendance centers. December 18, 1978 Special facility utilization study worksession, the purpose of which was for the Board to loot: at the proposals which had been developed for closing elementary schools. The Board directed the administration to schedule public meetings during the 1'lonth of January 1979, at the three schools considerea for closing and that materials pertinent to the proposals be made available to the public. January 17-24-29, 1979 Parent Input Meetings. February 10, 1979 fI Board worksession to discuss input received and administrative responses. 52 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 110 RIES MINUTES CITY -UNIVERSITY MEETING CITY MANAGER'S CONFERENCE ROOM JANUARY 26, 1979 PERSONS PRESENT: Dennis Kraft, Ray Mossman, Dick Plastino, and Pat Boutelle Urban Renewal Mr. Mossman indicated that the University presently has the money for the Belle and Short property and they are ready to purchase at such time as the City completes all the necessary legal requirements. Mr. Kraft indicated that at the present time the City is waiting for an abstract and that at such time as that is received it will be transmitted to the University and the property will subsequently be conveyed. Streetscape Project, Part II Ms. Boutelle indicated that recently there was a meeting held between the University's consultant and the City's consultant on this project and that the University will not be commenting until such time as the elevations are received from the City's landscape consultant, Jack Leaman. Mr. Plastino indicated that this could perhaps take a period of time because Mr. Leaman is extremely busy doing work for the City relative to the Block 84 parking ramp design. Ms. Boutelle indicated that the University is extremely concerned about the elevations of the streets around Blocks 83 and 84. River Corridor Sewer Mr. Mossman indicated that the Board of Regents did approve the easement for the river corridor sewer at their December meeting and that this has not yet gone to the State Executive Council but that he did not anticipate any problems on this at this particular time. Mr. Mossman also indicated that at the present time the agree- ment on services is still pending, although at the present time apparently tentative agreement has been reached. In any instance, no major problems have been perceived. Mr. Mossman also indicated that the University does have some questions about the offset of Madison Street in the vicinity of the Iowa Memorial Union. Mr. Plastino indicated that Madison Street north of the Market Street intersection will be narrowed by approximately 10 feet. Ms. Boutelle questioned what would be done relative to the traffic turning northward off of Market Street. Mr. Plastino in- dicated that he would review the plans for this project and will check the radius of the northeast corner of the intersection of Market and Madison. Melrose Court Closure Mr. Kraft indicated that a recommendation has just been made from the Planning and Zoning Commission to the City Council relative to the closure of Melrose Court. Specifically, the Planning and Zoning Commission is recommending that the street not be closed until such time as several other actions are taken. Mr. Plastino indicated that this item will be on the City Council agenda next Tuesday but with no action scheduled. Mr. Plastino also indicated that this year's City Capital Improvements Program has allocated an amount of $10,000 for the purpose of improving the Byington Street -Grand Avenue intersection. Specifically, the southeast corner DEMO MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES t10InEs City -University Minutes January 26, 1979 Page 2 will be widened so as to provide for two lanes from Dyington eastward toward River- side Drive. Mr. Mossman indicated that the Planning and Zoning Commission recommended a walk cycle at the intersection of Melrose and Woolf Avenues. It was stated that there is a need to evaluate the impact of this on vehicular traffic prior to any action being taken. Harrison Street Vacation Mr. Plastino indicated that all land and easements will go to the University as part of this transfer. Mr. Mossman indicated that there is still some question relative to the status of utility easements and the houses served by the utilities in these easements. He also indicated that further work is being done on this at this time. Mr. Mossman then indicated that the present schedule indicates that the vacation and change of title will occur on April 1. He further indicated that if this is delayed by the State Executive Council, then the April 1 deadline will have to be moved back. Respectfully submitted, AL, / \ Dennis R. Kraft MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES IIDINES MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES t40INCs AGENDA IOWA CITY PARKS AND RECREATION COMMISSION RECREATION CENTER ROOM 8 FEBRUARY 14, 1979 - 7:30 P.M. 7:30 - 7:35 p.m. -- Approval of the minutes of the January 10, 1979, meeting. 7:35 - 7:45 p.m. -- Public discussion. 7:45 - 8:00 p.m. -- C.I.P. update - Showalter. 8:00 j - 8:10 p.m. -- Cou nittee reports. 8:10 - 8:50 p.m. -- Commission time - this is the time to discuss any item you wish to discuss. 8:50 - 8:55 p.m. -- Chairperson's report. 8:55 - 9:00 p.m. -- Director's report. 9:00 p.m. -- Adjournment. MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DES t40INCs Iowa City Human Rights Commission Orientation Session City Manager's Conference Room Sunday, February 11, 1979 2:00 PM Civic Center Agenda Human Rights Commission Structure: A. Historical perspective. B. Organization. I. Membership. 2. Ad hoc committee structure. 3. Projects completed. 4. Relationship with City Council. C. Goals and Objectives FY79. D. Complaint process. I. Steps involved. 2. Interrelationship with other enforcement agencies. E. Staff report. 3 zo MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS•DLS IIOIDLS Informal Agenda Planning and Zoning Commission February 12, 1979 --- 7:30 p.m. City Manager's Conference Room A. Call to Order. I B. Public discussion of any item not included on the agenda, j C. Consideration of the minutes of the meetings of January 29 (informal meeting) and February 1, 1979. i D. Zoning Item: 1. Z-7901. Public discussion of an application submitted by American College Testing Program, Inc., to rezone a 12 -acre tract of land from a CO Zone (Commercial Office) to an ORP Zone (Office, Research Park), located northwest of Highway 1, south of Interstate 80 and westerly of Howard Johnson's; 45 -day limitation period: 3/7/79. E. Comprehensive Plan Item: 1. Public hearing on an'amendment to change the Comprehensive Land Use Plan from Office Commercial to Research Park for an area located northwest of Highway 1, south of Interstate 80, and westerly of Howard Johnson's. 'F. Subdivision Item: 1. S-7903. Public discussion of the final plat of Lyn -Den Heights, Part 2, located one mile north of Interstate 80 and one-quarter mile east on Rapid Creek Road and south one-quarter mile. G. Adjournment. Regular meeting -- February 15, 1979 32/ MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIREs r Agenda Board of Adjustment February 15, 1979 -- 4:30 p.m. Civic Center Council Chambers A. Call to Order by Chairperson. B. Roll Call. C. Approval of the minutes of the meeting of November 16, 1978. D. Variance Item: 1. V-7901. Public hearing on an application submitted by Richard Kerber for a variance in Section 8.10.23A of the Zoning Ordinance (Front Yard) to permit construction of a single family structure on a lot in the 400 block of Bayard Street. 2. V-7902. Public hearing on an application.submitted by American College Testing Program, Inc., for a variance in Sections 8.10.23A (Front Yard), 8.10.18A (Screening), and to allow a lot to be developed without frontage on a public street for property located at Highway 1 and I-80, westerly of Howard Johnson's. E. Other Business. F. Adjournment. Next regular meeting -- not scheduled 3;zZ r MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1101? S City of Iowa Ci y' MEMORANDUM Date: January 25, 1979 To: Council of Elders From: Bette Meisel, Program Development Specialist Re: February Meeting of Council of Elders Council of Elders February 14, 1979 1:30 PM Recreation Center, Meeting Room B AGENDA 1. Minutes. 2. Formal adoption of standing rules. 3. Collection and discussion of Senior Center survey. 4. Discussion of a possible Older Americans' Day. 5. Election of nominating committee. 6. Review preliminary City budget and space planning for Senior Center. 7. Update on Ecumenical Housing. bj4/12 31�3 MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOIMEs r tf') r` Cb b Cl) 6. Ic- CO%. O 11N N V) 3 0 V R) 3 0 Cs CC) X .0 r \ NO DMEEL MONTHLY RETORT OUTREACH program moved to indoor locations this =n"The focus of the outreach rogr city The total number of youth served increased by 11; however r clients accouatdd for the entire increase. The number of county, clients remained the game. It should be noted that there was a significant increase in the number of contacts with parents (increased 24r approx.3Wo) and the number of school -related conflicts (increased 58r aPProx•25%). The letter statistic is consistent with previous years' experience for this time of year. Three referrals were accepted from the Johnson County Court Diversion program. Susan Duwa has also been involved with some particularly difficult trying toycases aesist inaloc tingt have e evaluatsulted ion Juvenile sources Court hatiwould intervention, allow the young people involved to remain in the community aa as alter- native to being placed at Toledo. Craig Bagel has been actively participating in a number of activities at.West High and has requested that some of his hours at U.A.Y. be reduced. In addition to the Young Women's group at U.A,Y.r Susan is developing a group in Lone Tree. This was in response to a number of requests to explore up something similar at Northwest. from clientsofficials. setting up Larry and Jim spent more time at the Coralville Recreation Center as an outreach site. It is not clear at this time whether we can be an effective resource there. Our impression is that the need to be involved there in lees than what is needed at.the Iowa City Recreation Center, SYNTHESIS Tho Arte Workshop opened officially November n both studios with a board - sponsored open house. About 50 pestopped stopped during the afternoon and evening, including representatives tatives from the Board of Supervisors, Eastern Iowa Area Crime Commiesionr UnitedWeaciee and Iowa City Schools. Several people from other youth-eervingfiagencies also attended as well as parents and young people, Although y open, a substantial amount of w opernttheYfecticalyfacility is still required before the program Ten young people were enrolled in the program during the month, which was the limit the staff had set. Four are participating in the sounudiond studiop two in the weaving studio only, two in the weaving guitar lessonsto l are involved oneguitars Sevral young people have alsoand xpressaninterest in the program, We hope to enroll an additional ten students in the program during December. Mach theatre to the young people and volunteers who helped in the renovation and open house preparation. united action for youthI¢ alternatives for young people MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES 1701RES 3.2y 1 3 O N P CO me Monthly Report November '78 _2— U.A.Y. The City Budget Proposal for Fy80 was submitted at the end of the month, after being reviewed at a special budget meeting of the U.A.Y. board. MOW is being requested from the Aid—to—Agency budget. U.A.Y. will be featured in the first newsletter of the Iowa Network of Community Youth Services. Mike Turner, Network Coordinator, spent two days at U.A.Y. talking to staff, cliental and boerd members about U.A.Y.'s operation. Jim Swaim was appointed Chairperson of the state's Juvenile Jaetice tteep s November 12. Thencommitting teephasrovveersightresponsibility for ich met ithemIowa Juvenile Justice State Plan and reviews all juvenile Justice programs funded by the Iowa Crime Commission, Jim also met this month with Eldon Eldeen, chair of the Johnson County vandalism prevention committee, to explore possibilities for U.A.Y,'a involvement in their committee's prevention efforts, NOVRMER, STATISTICSs Outreach Crisis Interventions,--,,..,,, .... A2 Referrals Referrals Out ........................ 32 Youth Served .........................85 Tutor Matches ........................ 3 Dreg Seminars., ... ...... 2 Total Contacts .....................1188 synthesis Students enrolled....................10 Student projects conpleted....... #... 0 Nesber of Agency Referrals Accepted.. 3 (8 for tutoring) (27 county) Lunited action for youth alternatives for young people r MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DES MOINES IT- to to rft b v O 11 N N LO 4 3 0 V V O 3 0 N 0` b X 0 MONTHLY REPORT DECEKMo 1978 OOTMCH December was essentially a three-week month for the outreach program, Larry, Susan, Ethan, Craig, and Vicky were all given a week off between Christmas and New Years. Jim kept the office open and Theresa helped with answering the phone (which rang twice). Many clients were out of town for the holidays and most youth agencies operated at a slow pace that week. The statistics reflect the lack of activity in that there were nearly 2%4o fewer total contacts. The number of youth served remained essentially the same however, with nearly 36% of those served being county clients. Susan's involvement with juvenile court truancy cases was particularly frustrating. The outcome of the proceedings resulted in two young women being place in Toledo rather than remaining in the community. In processing what happened the staff came to the realization that greater flexibility in school programs and more resources available as educational options for young people are needed. Also needed is a recognition by school officials that attendance should not be the sole criteria used for evaluating a student's response to a particular education program. It is truly a shame that in light of the evidence about the harmful effects of institutional treatment of youth that we send young people away for such non -criminal offenses as truancy. Susan has submitted her resignation to become effective in March. She will be leaving Iowa City this summer and felt that it would facilitate a smoother transition in training her replacement this spring. She will continue to facilitate the Young Women's Program as a volunteer during the spring. Susan has been an extraordinary outreach counselor and played the most significant role in successfully expanding the outreach program to all of Johnson County. She has truly earned the respect of others in the community and will especially, be missed by the young people she has worked with. Craig Engel has been granted a temporary leave of absence. Craig's schedule at West High was consuming all of his time and the staff felt a leave was appropriate. He will continue to meet with Larry weekly and will resume his duties as Outreach Aide when basketball season ends at West. SYNTHESIS Ten new students were accepted into the program this month, throe at the 311 studio and seven at Center East. Three students wore placed on an inactive status, one because of other commitments and two who are runaways. This month we began the pre -testing that was developed by Polly Arp. Eleven were completed and the response by students was good. We are still working out the tooting process. We want to do pre -testa at the point where a student indicates a commitment to enroll, but are considering doing them sooner. It will probably take a few weeks of united action for youth alternatives for young people MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -DCS Nolrlrs 3�y _1 b 0 0` b X 0 December Report -2- trial and error before the "bugs" in the process are worked out. The video equipment was delivered and we expect to make extensive use of it beginning next month. On loan from the Univerisity of Iowa is a Tecktronics oscilliscope with a variety of amps and a four -harness loom. Also loaned to the program are a Fender Electric guitar amp, 2 guitars, a Wurlitzer electric piano, an REID microphone, a dehumid- ifier, and a turntable. Donations this month included a close-up camera, a disabled color T.V., a phone cartridge, carpet squares, and a large carpet. Howard Weinberg resigned effective the end of December, because of the demands required by his graduate work at the University. The staff has arranged guitar lessons for Howard's students with a number of volunteers. An arrangement has been made with C.E.C. to use their darkroom after school hours in exchange for giving their students access to the sound studio. U,A.Y. U.A.Y. joined the Iowa Network of Coo uity is held, Larry and JiYouth Services, Larry has been appointed to their Board of Dire= until an election of officers m also spent one day at the State Drug Abuse Confer- ence in Des Moines, They met with representatives of I.D.S,A, regarding U•A.Y.'s grant application for substance abuse funds, Neal Morris was appointed to the.U.A.Y, board to fill the city vacancy. He was welcomed at the annual board/staff Christmas potluck, Ethan spent a week in Washington D.C. at the National Conference of the Runaway Youth Network, on file at U.A.Y. He has a written report on the conference Because of his leadership skills, he was asked to be considered for membership on two national boards, He also helped author a national youth participation grant with one other young person -at the conference, Scott Hayward and Nona gave birth to a healthy eon, Amos Maxwell, Congratulations, Beet wdahes for the New Year from all of the staff at U.A.Y. OUTREACH STATISTICS: Youth Served ............. 8129 county Referrals In.,...,.,,... G (2 for tutoring) Referrals Out........... 12 Tutor Matches........... 0 Drag Seminars........... 4 Total Contacts ......... 853 Crisis Intercentions.... 17 SYNTHESIS STATISTICS: Student enrollment ..... 17 Completed student projects „ 0 inactive students ....... 3 agency referral accepted ... 3 student applications ....... 20 united action for youth alternatives for young people MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB CEDAR RAPIDS -Drs MoirIES MICROFILMED BY JORM MICROLAB