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Home My WebLink About08-22-2001 ICPD Reports/Memos Department Memorandum 01-33 DATE: July 6, 2001 TO: Chief Winkeihake All Commanders FROM: Captain Widmer SUBJECT: January & February Use of Force Review The bi-monthly "Use of Force Review Committee met on July 5, 2001. It was composed of the following personnel; Captain Widmer Sgt. Brotherton Sgt. Hurd The review of the submitted reports for January (28 incidents-48 reports) and February (18 incidents-34 reports) revealed no policy or training concerns. Of the 46 Use of Force incidents, nine were euthinizing injured/sick animals. There was only one administrative issue noted during the review that needs to be addressed. That is a reminder that an animal is never a suspect, hence the "Suspect Injuries" boxes should not be checked when dispatching an animal In summary, this was the most error free grouping of reports we have reviewed to date. Keep up the good work. Copy: City Manager PCRB FILED ICPD TRAINING 2001JUL -3 AN I1:12 CITY CLERK DATE: July 2, 2001 IOVVA CITY, IOWA TO: Chief Winkelhake From: K. Hurd REF: May/June Training Report Bike Officer Training 05/14-18/01 40 Hours Officer Frank MTTU IV Training in bike patrol techniques, tactics for new bike patrol officer. Criminal Investigations 05/21-25/01 40 Hrs Officers Sammons and Bok ILEA Training in investigative techniques and procedures including legal considerations. Spring Training Day 05/21-24/01 Sworn Personnel 8 Hrs Rec. Center / CRPD Range Use of Force training for sworn personnel. Included Defensive Tactics, Less Lethal Munitions, Use of Force Policy review, and range/firearms training. Firearm Instructor Recertification 05/24-25/01 Officer Duffy 8 Hours ILEA Recerti~cation training for department firearm/range instructor. Cord....a./ 'oliee ,.iabi. Sem,.ar FILED 05129/01 Z~]l]l JIJL -3/~H I1: I Capt. Johnson, Sgt. Lord and Campbell 8 Hours CITY CLERK MTTU IV IOWA CITY, IOWA Training in police liability and issues, identif3,ing and minimizing issues. Grant Management 06/04/01 Capt. Widmer and Johnson 8 hours MTTU IV Training in grant identification, application/writing and management. Grant Management 06/07/01 Capt. Johnson 8 Hours Davenport Training in grant management, documentation and audit procedures. MATAI 06/11-13/01 24 Hours Officers Mebus and Kelsay Colorado Springs Training for department accident investigators in investigating motorcycle accidents. Special techniques and analytical formulas. Drug Recognition Expert 06/23-26/01 32 Hours Officer Humrichouse Long Beach CA. Refi'esher and update training for department Drug Recognition Expert (instructor), in changes / updates in procedures and applications for newly developed drags. FILED Iowa Police Leadership 06/18-22/01 2001JUL -3 AHII: 12 40 Hours sgt. t~la CITY CLERK ,~mes IOWA CITY IOWA Leadership / management training skills development for police supervisors and command staff SRT Training Week 06/25-29/01 40 Hours 18 SRT Iowa City Training for all SRT members in tactics, strategies and skills development. Include firearm training and plan development based on scenarios. Legislative Update 06/29/01 8 Hours Sgt. Brotherton and Hurd Coralville Update training by the Iowa County Arty. Association in newly enacted laws by the Iowa Legislature. Watch Training #s 02-01 Legislative Update 01-41 G/O 01-04 Bomb Threats/Emergencie s 00-48 Fireworks 01-40 Hospitalize Prisoners Copy: City Manager Captain Widmer PCRB OOl JUL -3 AHII: I I CITY CLERK IOWA CITY, IOWA Iowa City Police Department July 2001 2001 Legislative Update This yea~s legislature made relatively few changes in Searching and Examining the 321 or cdminal cedes this year. The following is a aMajor Case Crime Scene partial listing of those sections which we most By H,W. "Rus" Ruslandcr, S.CS.A. cemmonly deal with. Palm Beach Co. SO., West Palm Beach, Fla. Snowmobiles and ATV's are not required to ceny I. The Initial Death Scene Examination insurance or insurance cards. If they are involved in an The crime scene examination and subsequent search should accident they are ~nandal responsible for damages. be done in a careful and methodical manner. After talking to the officer(s) who were the first ones on the scene and Federal Motor Carder Safety Administration is to get learning from them of any changes that might have been the officeCs accident report w/o paying a fee. made to the scene since their amval, such as turning lights Amber light requirements for instruments of animal on or off or opening doors or windows, start the examination by working your way into the body using great care to avoid husbandry have been changed from 25 to 35 mph. disturbing or destroying any evidence as you do. Carefully Maximum length limits for non-tractor trailer observe the floor or ground stirrounding the body. Look for items of evidence or of cvidential value such as stains, combinations has been raised. Motor homes are marks, etc. Remember to look up too, every crime scene is 3 limited to 45 feet, motor home and trailer to 65 feet, dimensional. Mother teclmique to you assist in locating motor vehicle and travel trailer 65 feet, or a evidence is to shine a flashlight on the ground at an oblique combination of trailers not exceeding the lengths angle. Yes, even in the daytime. Look at the items, as they are located. Pay close attention to everything as you mentioned for a combined length of 70 feet or less. approach the body at tlds time, do not dismiss anything until DL NOTICES in 321 and 321J will be by first class its evidentimy value can be determined. Are there any footprints or drag marks? Is there anything on the Boor or mail, NOT certified mail. DOT will establish procedures ground ltmt may be stepped on or destroyed? Only one investigator at a time should approach the body! continued on page 2 Determine what, ff anything, has been moved or altered by the suspect(s) or anyone else prior to your arrival. Has the body been moved? If so, by whom and for what reason? | N S I D E T H I S I S S U E Never move or alter thepositioning of the body! Make close visual exanunaljons of the body and the area immediately t Initial Death Scene Investigation around it. Look between the arms and legs without moving them. Look at the arms, hands and fingers. Are there defense 'l 2001 kegislative Update wounds? Is there anything under the nails that you can see at this time? If you can, try to determine the cause of death and 4 Ecstasy Fact Sheet the instrument or method used. Take careful notes of the external appearance of the body and the clothing or lack of clothing. Look at or for lividity, decomposition, direction of blood flow patterns, mmemhar the law of gravity. Is the blood flow consistent with it? Make deta//ed notes. Describe the clothing, and especially the condition of the clothing. Do folds or rolls indicate theccl~tl[echadpl~lal training I continued from page 1 to vedfy the mailings. Persons are required to five insufficient room, I.e. traffic backeRR f_Ef)'~ block for notice of change of address when moving. This is a red light, the commercial vehicle is required to stop NOT a punitive violation but claims of failure to receive prior to the RR crossing. 2001JUL - 3 AIt I [: I I notice based on a change of address will not be entertained. SF 339 adjusts Hunting and Fishing ~iolations (see t K C TY CLER compendium) . HF 590 modifies 139A pertaining to Contagious or 0~.~A C~f'~, ~OWA Infectious Disease (DOES NOT INCLUDE HIV/AIDS) SF499 divides fines under 8 ~n to s~ctions the term emergency core provider has been changed 805.8A Motor Vehicle and Transportation to core provider, the person to whom the care prorider was exposed is now deemed to consent to be tested 805.8B Navigation, Recreation, Hunting and Fishing and notification of the care provider of the results of 805.8C Misc. the test providing a SIGNIFICANT EXPOSURE form Over 100 fines were changed and will be included in has been completed. The name of the tested person the compendium which is due out at the end of July. A is cannot be revealed and if learned is confidential and cheat sheet was provided with VVT 02-01. the tested individual shall be provided the name of the person receiving the information. Health care facilities HF178 Children Exposed to Moth manufacturing - have no duty to perform the authorized test and is manufacturing or allowing the manufacture of immune from criminal and civil liability for not methamphetamines or other dangerous substances in performing the test. the presence of a child is a new ground for a finding of child abuse or adjudication of Child in Need of Local School Boards and not the Department of Assistance in Juvenile Court. Education will now develop policies for determining the necessity for issuance of a minor's school license. HF 327 Enticing a minor / sexual exploitation of a minor - expands the definition of enticing a minor and HF647 Release of Personal Information (pedains to creates a new class C felony for enticing a child age state issued DL and ID. The picture can only be 12 or younger. released to law enforcement agency or employee for duty purposes or licensed PI or Secudty Service SF 355 creates the Newborn Safe Haven Act which employee. All DLs will be assigned a number allows a parent to "drop" an infant (up to 14 days old) UNLESS the applicant requests that his/her SS# be off at a health core facility, without being charged with used. abandonment. SF265 makes it an aggravated misdemeanor to install A $125 surcharge imposed by the court, will applied to for compensation, distribute or sell a non-operative persons convicted of, or receiving a deferred sentence airbag, to include previously deployed, nonfunctional for class C and below offenses related to the following or otherwise defective airbag. cede sections; 124, 155A, 453, 713,714, 715A and 716. This money goes to the State's General Fund. SF 350 - Permits for repair - out of state commercial motor vehicles may get a permit to enter the state for Burglary of an unoccupied motor vehicle is still repairs without obtaining proportional registration or burglary 3rd but is now an aggravated misdemeanor. interstate fuel permit provided they are NOT carrying a Attempted burglary of an unoccupied motor vehicle is load. attempted burglary 3fa but is now a serious misdemeanor. UNDER 21 DL and ID will go to a vertical format. The complete 2001 Iowa Acts of Interest to Law 321.343 - RR Crossing, certain vehicles must stop Enforcement is available for review in the Training triggers automatic suspensions for certain types of Officer or at vehicles / licenses. This is the only section which will http://www.state.ia.us/qovemmentJdps/leQis/iaintle99.h trigger the suspensions. t___m (scroll down and click on legislative page and then Commercial vehicles must be able to completely clear go to the 2001 Acts of Interest) the railroad tracks prior to stopping. If there is training 2 TRAINING EVENTS continued from page The following is a listing of training, which MAY be available. DO NOT consider this a posting. Any dragged? If so, in what direction? Note those folds and rolls, request to attend based on this listing will not be diagram them then photograph them. They could assist you considered a request to attend. in determining the method of transportation or placement of the body at the location where it was found. There could be TRAINING EVENT fface evidence in the folds and rolls too, Describe the location and appearance of wounds, bruises, PLACE WEST HIGH/OTHER LOCATIONS etc. Make cm-eful and detailed observations. Describe not DATE WEEK OF 08/19 BEGINNING 23:00 SUNDAY Only what you see, but also what you do not see! Forget Dept. Training Week - Rapid Deployment, Driving, DT, Other about what you think you see! If something is missing, note it. For example, if you observe an area on the wrist that is TRAINING EVENT not tanned by the sun, note it. DO NOT state that a PLACE MTTU IV wristwatch is missing. What if the victim had an I.D. bracelet or sweatband on instead? Never ASSUME! DATE Nov. 27-29 Examine the scene for the presence and absence of blood. If Reid Interview and Interrogation any is located, note the amount, size and shape of the drops and degree of coagulation or separation of it. Photograph it TRAINING EVENT using a scale and always taking the pictures from a 90 PLACE MTTU IV degree angle. DATE SEPT. 10 -14 At this time, you should be making a sketch of the scene. It can be a rough, ~'eehand sketch drawn on a blank piece of Field Training Officer paper or in your notebook. You should include in the sketch TRAINING EVENT things like the location of all doors, windows, furniture, the victim and anything else you feel it is necessary to PLACE MTTU IV document. A sketch should be made in all murder cases and DATE DEC. 3 - 14 any other case involving a death where there is any question Technical Accident Investigation of cause or at the discretion of the investigator. Measurements can then be made of the location to show the size of the area dram, the width and height of doors, windows, tables, the bed or any other items needed. This will also geographically locate the victim's body and items HF 327 Enticing a Minor / Sexual Exploitation of a Minor of evidence within the scene. If the investigator is Iowa code section 710.10 has been amended to makes it reasonably sure this is not a natural death and he/she is illegal to Entice Away a child. For jurisdictional purposes, going to proceed with the investigation as if it is a murder, an offense is considered committed in this state if the then at a later date, a detailed formal diagram should be drawn using drafting tools, a scale and a uniform format. communication to entice away a minor or person believed to Photos of the scene can give a distorted view of the be a minor who is present in this state originates from relationship of the body to other fixed objects due to camera another state, or the communication to entice away a minor angle, size of lens, lighting, etc. To accurately depict the or person believed to be a minor is sent form this state. scene it is possible to use photos in conjunction with the finished diagram. Something to keep in mind about the This law also makes it illegal to knowingly purchase or sketch is this, you should have enough information in it so possess materials INCLUDING electronic formats, visual medium of a minor or what appears to be a minor engaging you could give it to another investigator and that person would be able to complete a finished diagram without the in prohibited sexual act or simulation of a prohibited sexual need to revisit the scene. act. HF 178 Children Exposed to Moth Makes it illegal to manufacture a DANGEROUS substance, C) allow someone to manufacture or possess the precursor ~ C) ' chemical with the intent to manufacture a dangerous substance; when a child is present or in the child's home or ~ "l'l on the premises or in a motor vehicle on the premises. This bill also requires mandatory reporters to notify DHS when they have knowledge of a child being exposed to a meth lab. .. training 3 MDMA./ast/acts... FILED Forwarded by Officer Akers ~'orn the National ])rug Intelligence Center Common street name Ecstasy, E, XTC, Love Drug. Hug Drug, _a d I1: I 2 Disco Biscuits 0 Chemical Composition MDMA is a stimulant with mild hallucinogenic properties similar n in chemical composition to both MDA and metham phetaGl~lj CL £h K User Patterns MDMA is taken orally in tablet or capsule form. Th4(]iWAbeli!~ ~OWA to feel the effects within 1 hour of ingestion. Effects may last up to 6 hours, depending on dose, purity, and the environment in which it is taken. Some users take multiple doses in order to suspend the effect, sometimes consuming as many as 10 tablets in a single night. Physiological Effects MDMA use greatly increases blood pressure and heart rate. Body temperature can increase to 109 degrees if taken at a club or rave where there is physical exertion. Obvious physical effects include muscle tension, involuntary teeth clenching, nausea, blurred vision, rapid eye movement, faintness, chills or sweating, extreme relaxation, and tremors. Use can result in heart failure or heat stroke. Psychological Effects MDMA is a mood/mind-altering drug, affecting brain serotonin levels. Common psychological effects are feelings of emotional closeness coupled with the breakdown of personal communication barders, a sense of peace with oneself and the wodd, an enhanced sense of pleasure, greater self-confidence, and an increased sense of energy. Some users may expedence panic attacks. Short-term Effects Short-term effects of MDMA include confusion, depression, sleep problems, drug craving, severe anxiety, paranoia, hallucinations, and amnesia. MDMA also suppresses the desire to eat, drink or sleep. Long-term Effects Resent studies on rats, and monkeys indicate that MDMA causes permanent brain damage in the areas c. dtical to thought and memory and that it damages the neurons that use serotonin to communicate with other neurons. Users who develop an ache- like rash and continue to use MDMA are at increased risk of sever liver damage. MDMA may alter motor skills, giving the ddver the appearance of suffering from Partdnson's disease. This and that Several observations from the May range / training day - 1. When going through the shoot house officers had a tendency to stop in the doorway upon acquiring the target instead of transitioning through the doonNay before or while engaging the target. This leaves the officer in a vulnerable position. When multiple officers enter a room it is of paramount importance that the first officer through the door enter the room far enough for the 2nd or subsequent officer(s) to enter the room. 2. Also there was a tendency to dear one room, move on to the next. Upon entering the 2nd room, shoot the magazine empty and then reload. Officers should consider a tactical reload (removing the partial magazine and replacing it with a full one) prior to entering a second room. This will allow you to enter a potentially hostile environment with a fully loaded weapon. 3. Officers must remember to verbalize. This is just as important when using deadly force as it is at the "lower'' levels. "Honesty, disinterestedness and good nature are indispensable to procure the esteem and confidence of those with whom we live, and on whose esteem our happiness depends." --Thomas Jefferson training 4 FILED Watch Training 00-48 Fireworks Z00I JUL -3 Scenario - It is 01:38, you respond to a park ref fireworks going off. you locate a car liom which bottle rockets are being fired. There are car. You approach the vehicle and the owner/operator consents to a search. You locate a bag full of fireworks and other related paraphernalia. Critical Issues - What would be the appropriate charges? Discussion - In this case they are all in violation of City Ordinance 10-9-2-I which prohibits being in parks after 10:30 PM (exception for City and Mercer Parks 11:00 PM). In addition they are in violation of City Ordinance 7-1-1, which adopts the 1997 Uniform Fire Code. (UFC). UFC 7802.3 is as follows..."The storage, use and handling of fireworks are prohibited." As with all city ordinances this is a simple misdemeanor. Iowa Code section 727.2 makes it a serious misdemeanor to use or explode fireworks. NOTE: This does not prohibit the possession of fireworks. Possession would need to be filed under the City Ordinance. Officers are encouraged to use the UFC for enforcement unless the fireworks are being used in a dangerous manner or if the size and/or quantity indicate resale, or the blast size would be exceptionally large. Disorderly conduct may also be applicable. When citing for possession of fireworks, officers need to indicate City Ordinance 7-1-1 A. which adopts the UFC, and reference UFC 7802.3 which prohibits the handling of the fireworks. NOTE: The UFC section states the ... use and handling of fireworks are prohibited. This is NOT the normal possession charge, as it requires handling of the fireworks. A "joint possession" charge may or may not be appropriate depending on the circumstances. Watch T raining 01-41 'FILE D G/o 01-04 Bomb Threats/Emergencies 2001 JUL -3/Ill I1:12 scenario - At 10:30, Communications receives a call stating that there is a bonltlITxyaC[_ERK local business and it is set to detonate at 12:00. iOWA CITy !OWA critical Issues - What are the primary responsibilities of initially responding units to a bomb threat call? What notifications need to be made? When should a building be evacuated? Who determines if a building should be evacuated? Who is responsible for searching the building? When may officers give the property owner / manager the all "all clear"? What is the difference between a bomb threat and a bomb emergency7 Discussion - G/O 01- 04 Bomb Threats / Emergencies identifies Bomb Threats as "A bomb threat condition exists when an explosive device has been reported or is suspected to be at a given location. A Bomb Emergency exists when a suspected or actual explosive device has been located or detonated. Upon responding to a "bomb" call, the initial responding officer(s) have the following responsibilities: 1. Do not use any electronic transmission device within 300 feet of the reported location, including cell phones, radios and MDTs. 2. Contact the person receiving the threat (if other than the ECO) and attempt to ascertain if: a. previous threats have been received; b. possible motive(s) and or suspect(s); c. vuinerabilities of personnel/equipment; d. timher exploration of any information provided to the ECO. 3. Establish an initial perimeter. Upon receipt of a bomb threat the following notifications need to be made: 1. Watch supervisor 2. Bomb Squad personnel 3. EMS personnel (advise them of a staging area) 4. Fire Dept. (they will stage several hundred feet away) 5. Utilities 6. Property management / owner In the event that there is a bomb threat - the property owner will be consulted to determine if the building is going to be evacuated. In the case of a bomb emergency the premises and surrounding area will be evacuated to the extent determined by the Incident Commander. When conducting a search of a property, the property owner/manager will need to provide personnel to assist in the search in order to identify any suspicious packages / objects. If upon searching a property, no actual device or suspicious object is located, the person in control of the property will be advised that no device has been located. AT NO TIME WILL A MEMBER OF THE DEPARTMENT ADVISE THAT THERE IS NO DEVICE PRESENT, OR THAT IT IS SAFE TO REENTER THE PROPERTY. FILED Watch Training 02-01 Legislative Update 2001 2001 JUL -3/IHII: 12 Scenario - Legislative changes CITY CLERK IOWA CITY, IOWA Critical Issues - What are the main changes which directly affect what I do? Discussion - This year's legislature did not pass a lot of laws that will directly affect the way we do our jobs. The majority of the changes will be going into effect on 07/01/01. Until the new compendiums arrive in mid-late July, the attached sheet should be used in conjunction with the 2001 compendium. Primarily there have been some free changes, with some increasing and others decreasing. Also in the way of FYI the legislature has passed an additional assessment of $125 for all convictions and deferred judgements of certain crimes. (chapters 124, 155A, 453, 713, 714, 715A and 716). This fee will be assessed by the judge or the Clerk of Court upon conviction. I.e. Upon pleading guilty to a their 5 , the person would face any penalty associated with the charge and then be assessed a $125 charge by the clerk of court. While this is titled a Criminal Surcharge, the money goes directly to the State's General fund. Also them has been a change in the burglary statute 713.6A. Effective July 1st while the definition of burglary 3rd remains the same, the following has been added "Burglary in the third degree involving a burglary of an unoccupied motor vehicle or motor track as defined in section 321.1, or a vessel def'med in section 462A.2, is an aggravated misdemeanor for a first offense. A second or subsequent conviction under this section is punishable under subsection one." RELATED: Attempted burglary in the third degree involving an attempted burglary of an unoccupied motor vehicle or motor track as defined in section 321.1, or a vessel defined in section 462A.2, is a serious misdemeanor for a first offense. A second or subsequent conviction under this section is punishable under subsection 1. Obviously this will apply to those breaking in to parked vehicles. There have been some changes in the area of the CINA section of the juvenile code which will be included in the July training bulletin. It makes it illegal to manufacture or possess precursor chemicals in the presence of a child. FILED ~:"';~;..~1 ZOOl JUL -3 ~HII: 12 · """...l CITY CLERK · ' '"' · IOWA CI'rY, IOWA IOWA CITY POLICE DEPARTMENT TRAINING BULLETIN 01-60 DATE: May 22nd, 2001 TO: Commanders (all sworn) FROM: k.hurd SUBJECT: WT 0141 Hospitalized Prisoners- This weeks WT deals with the guarding of prisoners at the University of Iowa Hospital, and primarily covers the guarding of persons who have been admitted to the hospital. The attached guidelines were developed by UIHC details their expectations and procedures regarding hospitalized prisoners. Cc: Chief Winkelhake Capt. Johnson Capt. Widmer Watch Training 0 1-4 1 Guarding Hospitalized Prisoners Scenario - The University of Iowa Hospital receives an injured prisoner from another jurisdiction. Because of the nature of the offense the outside agency requests we provide personnel to guard the prisoner. Critical Issues - What should procedures are in place for guarding prisoners? Who should officers contact incase of an emergency or assistance is needed? Discussion - The University of Iowa Hospitals has developed the attached guidelines which officers should follow when guarding a prisoner who has been admitted to the hospital. rn ~ ORIENTATION OF FORENSIC OFFICERS (CUSTODIAL, CORRECTIONAL AND PEACE OFFICERS) All persons guarding prisoners who are patients should read the following information. Interaction with Patients Officers guarding patients should be aware ofa patient's need for rest. Officers should avoid watching television late at night as well as making phone calls, etc. Private rooms are not always available for prisoners; thus, the needs of other patients must also be considered by forensic staff. Response to Unusual Events · The prisoner guard shall summon assistance when a medical emergency or concern arises with the prisoner patient. In patient rooms, a nurse call device may be used. In other areas of the hospital, the patient can be taken to the closest nursing unit. 0 In situations where emergency medical assistance is needed, the guard should dial "199" on an in-house phone and give the operator information. · Fire alarms 0 To report a fire dial "195" or contact the Nursing Desk. 0 Nursing staff will coordinate efforts if evacuation is necessasy. 0 Do not evacuate the area in the event of a fire alarm unless fire and/or smoke is visible in the area or advised by Nursing staff to do so. Channels of Communication Administrative · Weekdays during normal business hours, the Associate Director, External Relations & Legal Services may be contacted at 356-4009. · After hours, the on-call administrator may be contacted by calling the UIHC Telecommunications operator. Dial "0" and request the on-call administrator. Clinical · Ask to speak to the charge nurse of the unit. · During normal business hours, contact the Nurse Manager. The Unit Clerk will provide the telephone number. e~ "~ · After hours, contact the UIHC Telecommunications operator and ask for th ~i~ing Supervisor on-call. C') _z. , __ Security --~ C~' c~ [" · Contact UIHC Facility Safety and Security by dialing 356-2658. "" rs'l :~' · In emergencies, dial 195. ~ 2u Definition of Restraints · Administrative restraints are those devices that serve to detain the patient and are only used by the detaining agency's staff. · Clinical restraints are used by the clinical staff to enhance patient treatment and protect the patient and staff from injury and can only be ordered by a physician. · In situations where administrative restraints impede patient care, the physician-in-charge and the agency providing security will confer on the best approach to accomplish both objectives. Safety Issues The Nursing staff wi II advise the forensic officer of safety issues such as infectious disease, exposure, appropriate personal protective equipment, etc. FORENSIC OFFICERS: PLEASE PASS THIS INFORMATION ON TO RELIEF OFFICERS c:~safm~n\forcnsic.doc\9-09-g8