HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-08-2022 Community Police Review BoardMEMORANDUM
COMMUNITY POLICE REVIEW BOARD
A Board of the City of Iowa City
DATE: February 3, 2022
TO: CPRB Members
FROM: Kellie Fruehling
RE: Board Packet for meeting on TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 2022
Enclosed please find the following documents for your review and comment at the next board meeting:
• Agenda for 2/08/22
• Minutes of the meeting on 01/11/22
• ICPD Use of Force Review/Report November
• ICPD General Order 99-05 (Use of Force)
• ICPD General Order 07-02 (Detainee Processing)
• DRAFT Community Forum Flyer
• DRAFT Forum 1st News Release
• DRAFT Community Police Review Board Forum 2nd News Release
• Office Contacts — January
• Complaint Deadlines
AGENDA
COMMUNITY POLICE REVIEW BOARD
TUESDAY Ilf' ''.I11BRU IIICtS 8, 2022 5:30 P.M.
EMMA J HARVAT HALL
410 E. Washington Street
ITEM NO. 1 CALL TO ORDER and ROLL CALL
ITEM NO. 2
CONSIDER MOTION ADOPTING CONSENT CALENDAR AS PRESENTED OR
AMENDED
• Minutes of the meeting on 01/11/2022
• ICPD Use of Force Review/Report November
• ICPD General Order 99-05 (Use of Force)
• ICPD General Order 07-02 (Detainee Processing)
ITEM NO. 3 NEW BUSINESS
ITEM NO. 4 OLD BUSINESS
• Discussion Community Forum
ITEM NO. 5 PUBLIC COMMENT OF ITEMS NOT ON THE AGENDA (Commentators shall address
the Board for no more than 5 minutes. The Board shall not engage in discussion with
the public concerning said items).
ITEM NO. 6
ITEM NO. 7
ITEM NO. 8
ITEM NO. 9
BOARD INFORMATION
STAFF INFORMATION
MEETING SCHEDULE and FUTURE AGENDAS
• March 8, 2022, 5:30 PM, Emma J Harvat Hall
• April 12, 2022, 5:30 PM, Emma J Harvat Hall
• April 20, 2022, 6:00 PM, Community Forum (Virtual)
CONSIDER MOTION TO ADJOURN TO EXECUTIVE SESSION based on Section
21.5(1)(a) of the Code of Iowa to review or discuss records which are required or
authorized by state or federal law to be kept confidential or to be kept confidential as a
condition for that government body's possession or continued receipt of federal funds,
and 21.5(1)(i) to evaluate the professional competency of an individual whose
appointment, hiring, performance or discharge is being considered when necessary to
prevent needless and irreparable injury to that individual's reputation and that individual
requests a closed session and 22.7(11) personal information in confidential personnel
records of public bodies including but not limited to cities, boards of supervisors and
school districts, and 22-7(5) police officer investigative reports, except where disclosure
is authorized elsewhere in the Code; and 22.7(18) Communications not required by law,
rule or procedure that are made to a government body or to any of its employees by
identified persons outside of government, to the extent that the government body
receiving those communications from such persons outside of government could
reasonably believe that those persons would be discouraged from making them to that
government body if they were available for general public examination.
ITEM NO. 10 ADJOURNMENT
Ifyou will need disability -related accommodations in order to participate in this program/event, please contact
Tammy Neumann at 319-356-5043, tammy-neumann@iowa-city.org. Early requests are strongly encouraged to
allow sufficient time to meet your access needs.
DRAFT
COMMUNITY POLICE REVIEW BOARD
MINUTES — January 11, 2022
CALL TO ORDER: Chair Amanda Nichols called the meeting to order at 5:33 p.m.
MEMBERS PRESENT: Amanda Nichols, Jerri MacConnell, Saul Mekies,
Orville Townsend
Theresa Seeberger
Staff Kellie Fruehling, Legal Counsel Patrick Ford
None
Police Chief Dustin Liston, CPRB Liaison - Councilor Laura Bergus
MEMBERS ABSENT:
STAFF PRESENT:
STAFF ABSENT:
OTHERS PRESENT:
RECOMMENDATIONS TO COUNCIL
(1) Accept CPRB #21-02 Report
(2) Accept CPRB #21-08 Report
(3) Accept CPRB #21-09 Report
CONSENT CALENDAR
Motion by Nichols, seconded by Mekies, to adopt the consent calendar as presented.
• Minutes of the meeting on 12/13/21
• ICPD General Order 99-05 (Use of Force)
• Quarterly Summary Report IAIR/CPRB, 4th Quarter 2021
Chief Liston noted there were some changes to the Use of Force general order and would be included
again in the next meeting packet.
Motion carried, 4/0, Seeberger absent.
NEW BUSINESS
Discussion Community Forum
Fruehling asked for Board direction regarding the upcoming community forum in regard to location,
date, and time. Fruehling also noted the Board typically had an opening topic to present on which has
helped prompt discussion and questions from the public. The Board agreed to a virtual forum via Zoom
on Wednesday, April 20th at 6:00 pm. The topic will be Communicating with the CPRB, who we are and
what we do. Fruehling will work with the Board Chair on the wording for the flyer.
OLD BUSINESS
None.
PUBLIC DISCUSSION
City Councilor Laura Bergus introduced herself as the new CPRB Liaison,
BOARD INFORMATION
None.
CPRB
January 11, 2022
STAFF INFORMATION
Fruehling demonstrated the revised online CPRB Complaint form which begins with asking the
complainant if the incident involves an Iowa City police officer. The Board asked to have the option of
Unsure listed which if chosen would provide the phone number to the City Clerk's office for additional
assistance and agreed to the change.
TENTATIVE MEETING SCHEDULE and FUTURE AGENDAS (subject to change)
▪ February 8, 2022, 5:30 PM, Emma J Harvat Hall
• March 8, 2022, 5:30 PM, Emma J Harvat Hall
• April 12, 2022, 5:30 PM, Emma J Harvat Hall
EXECUTIVE SESSION
Motion by Mekies, seconded by Townsend to adjourn into Executive Session based on Section
21.5(1)(a) of the Code of Iowa to review or discuss records which are required or authorized by state or
federal law to be kept confidential or to be kept confidential as a condition for that government body's
possession or continued receipt of federal funds, and 22.7(11) personal information in confidential
personnel records of public bodies including but not limited to cities, boards of supervisors and school
districts, and 22-7(5) police officer investigative reports, except where disclosure is authorized
elsewhere in the Code; and 22.7(18) Communications not required by law, rule or procedure that are
made to a government body or to any of its employees by identified persons outside of government, to
the extent that the government body receiving those communications from such persons outside of
government could reasonably believe that those persons would be discouraged from making them to
that government body if they were available for general public examination.
Motion carried, 4/0, Seeberger absent. Open session adjourned at 5:52 P.M.
REGULAR SESSION
Returned to open session at 6:56 P.M.
Motion by Mekies, seconded by Nichols to accept CPRB Reports #21-02 as amended and forward to
City Council.
Motion Carried, 4/0, Seeberger absent.
Motion by Nichols, seconded by Townsend to set level of review for CPRB #21-07 at 8-8-7(B)(1) (a) on
the record with no additional investigation.
Motion Carried, 4/0, Seeberger absent.
Motion by Townsend, seconded by Mekies to summarily dismiss CPRB Reports #21-08 and #21-09.
Motion Carried, 4/0, Seeberger absent.
ADJOURNMENT
Motion for adjournment by Nichols, seconded by Townsend.
Motion carried, 4/0, Seeberger absent.
Meeting adjourned at 6:58 P.M.
zoox
4 r�
11 11 11 n ;C
O 00"0
w Z CD II
4 CDD '10
CD can
el CD
C.
0
o 0
GI) `3
A
Q
A yro
m
a
4A
O
A
X X
X X
0
X X
X X
X X
0
4
4
ei
M .01
azo
N
O g
N 0 1
bd
O
COMMUNITY POLICE REVIEW BOARD
A Board of the City of Iowa City
410 East Washington Street
Iowa City, IA 52240-1826
(319) 356-5041
January 11, 2022
To: City Council
Complainant
City Manager
Equity Director
Chief of Police
Officer(s) involved in complaint
From: Community Police Review Board
Re: Investigation of CPRB Complaint #21-02
This is the Report of the Community Police Review Board's (the "Board") review of the investigation of
Complaint CPRB # 21-02 (the "Complaint").
BOARD'S RESPONSIBILITY
Under the City Code of the City of Iowa City, the Board's responsibilities are as follows:
1. The Board forwards all complaints to the Police Chief, who completes an investigation.
(Iowa City Code Section 8-8-7(A).)
2. When the Board receives the Police Chiefs report, the Board must select one or more of the
following levels of review, in accordance with Iowa City Code Section 8-8-7(B)(1):
a. On the record with no additional investigation.
b. Interview /meet with complainant.
c. Interview /meet with named officer(s) and other officers.
d. Request additional investigation by the police chief, or request police assistance in the
board's own investigation.
e. Perform its own investigation with the authority to subpoena witnesses.
f. Hire independent investigators.
3. In reviewing the Police Chief's report, the Board must apply a "reasonable basis" standard of review.
This means that the Board must give deference to the Police Chief's report, because of the Police
Chiefs professional expertise. (Iowa City Code Section 8-8-7(B)(2).)
4. According to Iowa City Code Section 8-8-7(B)(2), the Board can recommend that the Police Chief
reverse or modify the Chiefs findings only if:
a. The findings are not supported by substantial evidence; or
b. The findings are unreasonable, arbitrary or capricious; or
c. The findings are contrary to a police department policy or practice, or any federal, state or
local law.
5. When the Board has completed its review of the Police Chief's report, the Board issues a public
report to the city council. The public report must include: (1) detailed findings of fact; and (2) a
clearly articulated conclusion explaining why and the extent to which the complaint is either
"sustained" or "not sustained ". (Iowa City Code Section 8-8-7(B)(5).)
6. Even if the Board finds that the complaint is sustained, the Board has no authority to discipline the
officer involved.
BOARD'S PROCEDURE
The Complaint was initiated by the Complainant on September 20, 2021. As required by Section
8-8-5(B) of the City Code, the Complaint was referred to the Chief of Police for investigation.
The Chief's Report was filed with the City Clerk on October 19, 2021. As per Iowa City Code Section 8-
8-6(D), the Complainant was given the opportunity to respond to the Chief's report, no response was
received.
The Board voted on December 13, 2021 to apply the following Level of Review to the Chief's Report: On
the record with no additional investigation, pursuant to Iowa City Code Section 8-8-7(B)(1)( a).
The Board met to consider the Report on November 1, 2021, December 13, 2021 and January 11,
2022.
Prior to the December 13, 2021 meeting, the Board reviewed audio/video recording of the incident.
FINDINGS OF FACT
The citizen complained that the two police officers had violated her mental health status. The Police
Chief's investigation found that the police officers had entered the bar to look fora different suspect and
had not had any interaction with this citizen until the complainant initiated contact to say they were
"being triggered by their presence". The officer's response was that the complainant could leave.
ALLEGATION 1 — Harassment.
After watching body cam video, the Board voted to not sustain the citizen's complaint. The board
affirmed the opinion set forth in the report of the police chief and/or city manager. There is no evidence
that the officer harassed the complainant.
Chief's Conclusion - Not sustained
Board's Conclusion - Not sustained
ALLEGATION 2 — Denial of Mental Health Status (response to person in crisis) --
Afterbody p afnf:Thesboard _.
After watchingcam video, the Board voted to not sustain the citizen's com I
affirmed the opinion set forth in the report of the police chief and/or city manager. There i "dao evidence
that the complainant was in crisis and a threat to themselves or others. There is also no evidence that
they requested assistance.
Chief's Conclusion - Not sustained
Board's Conclusion - Not sustained or Sustained
CPRB REPORT OF SUMMARY DISMISSAL TO THE CITY
COUNCIL
On January 11, 2022, the Community Police Review Board ("CPRB") reviewed
Complaint CPRB #21-08, filed December 4, 2021. The Board concurred with the
findings of the Chief of Police that the complaint did not concern the conduct of an
Iowa City police officer.
City Code, Section 8-8-3 (A) provides:
A "complaint to the board" is an allegation of misconduct lodged against a
sworn police officer ("police officer" or "officer» employed by theCity of
lowe_City,c2olice department, where the complained of activity occurred
while the officer was acting in the capacity of a sworn police officer.
(Emphasis added.)
City Code Section 8-8-3 (E), provides:
"...those complaints to the board which do not involve the conduct of an
Iowa City sworn police officer or are not timely filed may be subject to
summary dismissal by the board."
In accordance with these code provisions, Complaint CPRB #21-08 was summarily
dismissed.
DATED: January 11, 2022
CPRB REPORT OF SUMMARY DISMISSAL TO THE CITY
COUNCIL
On January 11, 2022, the Community Police Review Board ("CPRB") reviewed
Complaint CPRB #21-09, filed December 8, 2021. The Board concurred with the
findings of the Chief of Police that the complaint did not concern the conduct of an
Iowa City police officer.
City Code, Section 8-8-3 (A) provides:
A "complaint to the board" is an allegation of misconduct lodged against a
sworn police officer ("police officer" or "officer") employedby,the City of
Iowa City.police ,deprtment"_where the complained of activity occurred
while the officer was acting in the capacity of a sworn police officer.
(Emphasis added.)
City Code Section 8-8-3 (E), provides:
"...those complaints to the board which do not involve the conduct of an
Iowa City sworn police officer or are not timely filed may be subject to
summary dismissal by the board."
In accordance with these code provisions, Complaint CPRB #21-09 was summarily
dismissed.
DATED: January 11, 2022
TO:
FROM:
RE:
DATE:
Chief Dustin Liston
Sgt. Andrew McKnight
November 2021 Use of Force Review
January 20th, 2022
The Iowa City Police Department policy requires an employee to complete a written report for any reportable
use of force. Reportable use of force is defined in the Department's General Order 99-05, which is titled Use
of Force and available for public viewing on the department's website. This policy provides employees with
guidelines on the use of deadly and non -deadly force.
Upon receipt of the report, the supervisor is responsible for completing an administrative critique of the
force. This process includes interviews with involved employees, body worn and in -car camera review,
review of any additional available video, and review of written reports. The employee's use of force report
and the supervisor's critique is then forwarded to the Captain of Field Operations and the Chief of Police for
final review and critique.
On a monthly basis, the previous month's use of force reports and supervisor critiques are reviewed by an
administrative review committee consisting of a minimum of three sworn personnel. This Use of Force
Committee consists of two supervisors as designated by the Chief of Police and one officer, typically a
certified use of force instructor.
The Use of Force Review Committee met on January 20th, 2022. It was composed of Sgt. McKnight, Sgt.
Bailey, and Officer Fowler.
For the review of submitted reports in November, the Review Committee documented the following:
• 39 individual officers were involved in 23 separate incidents requiring use of force.
• There were no documented cases of an officer exercising his/her duty to intervene and the review of the
incidents did not indicate that an officer failed their duty to intervene.
Out of the 23 uses of force, 18 involved force being used against people. The other five were animals being
euthanized by an officer.
Out of the 39 officers involved in the 18 uses of force against people, three superficial injuries were sustained
by an officer and one serious knee injury was sustained by an officer. Two superficial injuries were sustained
by suspects.
One officer was identified as violating policy in one incident. Corrective action is pending. No other policy
violations were identified.
• Out of the 18 uses of force against people, 16 arrests were made (88%).
r Mental health was identified by officers as being a factor in two of the uses of force used against persons
(11%).
Drugs and/or alcohol was identified by officers as being a factor in eleven of the 18 uses of force against
persons (61%).
Out of the 18 times force was used on a person, five were identified as White (27%), thirteen were identified as
Black (72%).
• Out of the 23 uses of force, the average number of officers involved in the force was (1.6)
In total during this time period, the ICPD had 4,830 calls for service with 23 calls for service resulting in force
being used. It is noted that five of the 23 uses of force involved animals and not humans.
The highest level of force in each incident is reflected below along with the year-to-date:
Force Used
November 2021 Occurrences
2021 Year -to -Date
Hands-on
11
94
Taser Display
1
12
Taser Discharge
1
10
OC Spray Dployment
Firearm(s) Displace
0
13
3
26_ _...
Firearms Discharge
ASP Striking
0
0
Officer Striking/__Kickkg
2
5
Animals Euthanized by Officer
_.. .....
5
44
Special Response Team Callouts
Vehicle Pursuits
0
1
0
0
Officer Injuries
4
19
�.
Suspect Injuries
2 __...�
17......_.�
Reports to U.S. DOJ
_...
0
0 ........
Total Use of Force incidents to date equal 223. Total calls for service in the same period equal 64,215.
This results in a year-to-date use of force being deployed in .34% of our total year-to-date calls for
service.
Watch
Occurred
and
Officers
Involved
IOWA CITY POLICE DEPARTMENT
Use of Force Report
November 2021
Date
Incident Incident
Number type
Arrest
Made
YIN
Force Used
Late Night
Watch —
Three
Officers
iJNJ
11/01
2021008171 Fight
A male subject identified as
being involved in a fight ran
from officers. After a brief
chase he was located and
placed under arrest. One
officer took hold of his wrists
in preparation for handcuffing
however he pulled his arms
towards the center of his body
to resist the handcuffing
process. Two officers
continued to pull the subject's
arms behind his back, but he
continued to tense his body
and pull away from officers.
One officer reached behind
the subject and pulled his
hood over his head, pushing
down on his head as the
subject continued to pull away
from officers. The subject
was pushed face down on the
ground where the subject
continued to flail around and
tense his body. Officers told
the subject that he may be
sprayed with a chemical
irritant and the subject
became compliant. Officers
pulled the subject's arms
behind his back, placed
handcuffs on each wrist and
completed the handcuffing
process. There were no
November 2021 Use of Force Report
Evening
Watch —
Two
Officers
11/03
Evening
Watch —
Two
Officers
11/5
2021008254 Trespass
2021008302 Domestic
Y
injuries to the subject or
officers.
Officers were asked to
respond to a private business
by staff who wanted an
individual who was being
disruptive removed from the
premises. The subject initially
refused to leave then got up
and started walking away. An
officer tugged on the subject's
shirt to redirect him towards
the exit. The subject
responded by turning towards
the officer and pushing their
shoulder. An officer used
their hands to push
downwards on the subject's
head, ordering him to the
ground. The subject
continued flailing his arms,
turning towards officers and
punching out towards the
officer. As the subject fell to
the ground, he continued to
bear hug an officer. The
officer used their hands to pull
the subject's left arm up
behind his back, using a wrist
lock to gain compliance, while
another officer took hold of
the other arm, holding it in
place for an officer to
complete the handcuffing
process. There were no
injuries to the subject or
officers.
Officers responded to a
domestic assault where a
female caller was yelling for
help. Upon arrival, a female
was yelling for help inside a
residence, so officers entered
the residence and were
confronted by a male subject
who ignored commands to
November 2021 Use of Force Report
Late Night
Watch —
Two
Officers
11/5
2021008344 Fight
November 2021 Use of Force Report
get on the ground, instead
electing to attempt to move to
another part of the home
where the female victim was
located. One officer placed
their right arm around his
shoulder area and swept his
feet from underneath him
causing him to fall to the
ground. Another officer
pulled the subject's arms
behind their back and placed
handcuffs on each wrist. The
subject continued to attempt
to stand, at one point getting
to his feet and lunging into the
air, kicking out towards an
officer. An officer struck the
subject with a closed fist
ending the assaultive
behavior. There were no
injuries to the subject or
officers.
Officers responded to a bar
for reports of a subject who
had been fighting. The
subject ran into an alleyway
and was pursued by bar staff.
The subject fell to the ground
on to his back and an officer
took hold of the subject's right
wrist telling the subject to roll
onto his stomach. Another
officer attempted to kneel
onto the ground, taking hold
of the subject's arms in an
attempt to roll him over, telling
him to roll onto his stomach.
He failed to comply and
attempted to headbutt an
officer. An officer took hold of
the subject's shoulders and
pushed the subject into the
prone position, then took hold
of the subject's right arm,
ulled it from underneath his
Evening
Watch —
One Officer
Evening
Watch —
Three
Officers
2021008311 Injured
Animal
body and positioned his wrist
so that it could be handcuffed.
Another officer pulled his left
arm behind his back and
placed handcuffs on both
wrists. There were no injuries
to the subject or officers.
Injured rabbit shot and killed
by officer.
2021008363 Traffic
Stop
November 2021 Use of Force Report
An officer performed a traffic
stop on a vehicle where the
driver had violated several
traffic laws. Upon contact the
driver was belligerent and
refused to identify herself
when asked multiple times.
The subject was asked
multiple times to exit her
vehicle and she also refused
to follow instructions. The
subject rolled up her window
and postured as if she were
about to drive away. Two
officers took hold of her left
arm and pulled her from the
vehicle. Upon exiting the
vehicle, the subject was
pulled to the ground where
she pulled her arms and
hands towards, his stomach
area near her waistband and
lay in the fetal position. An
officer took hold of her right
pant leg and repositioned the
subject into the prone
position. The subject
continued to kick out and flail
around while on the ground.
Another officer crossed the
subject's legs and pushed
them towards the small of her
back to prevent her from
kicking out while two officers
pulled her arms behind her
back and placed handcuffs on
Late Night
Watch —
One Officer
Evening
Watch —
One
Officers
Day Watch
— One
Officer
Evening
Watch —
One Officer
11/7
11/8
11/9
2021008342
2021008392
2021008407
Public
Intoxication
Injured
Animal
Mental
Health
11/11
2021008477
Injured
Animal
the subject's wrists. There
were no injuries to the officers
or subject.
Officers observed an
intoxicated male subject walk
from the sidewalk into traffic,
pretending to jump in front of
a moving vehicle. When
officers approached, he ran
from officers. After a foot
chase, an officer caught the
subject, wrapped their arms
around the subject's body and
pulled him to the ground. The
officer pulled the subject's
arms behind his back and
placed him into handcuffs.
The subject sustained a minor
cut to his right hand and there
were no iduries to officers.
Injured deer shot and killed by
officer.
An officer was dispatched to a
school for reports of a student
who had been violent with
staff being restrained on the
floor by staff members and
his father. Upon arrival, one
officer held the subject's right
arm by placing their left hand
under his right upper arm and
their right arm on their right
wrist. An officer then assisted
with lifting the subject to his
feet and walking the subject
their patrol vehicle where the
subject was transported for a
mental health evaluation.
There were no injuries to the
subject or officers.
November 2021 Use of Force Report
Injured deer shot and killed by
officer.
Evening
Watch —
Three
Officers
11/12
2021008483 Public
Intoxication
November 2021 Use of Force Report
Officers were flagged down
by a citizen and asked to
respond to a dispute involving
multiple subjects. Officers
arrived and found two
intoxicated subjects who were
arguing and had been
involved in an altercation.
One officer told a subject to
leave the area multiple times
or that he would be arrested
for public intoxication. The
subject continued to be
belligerent at the scene and
an officer decided to arrest
the subject. One officer took
hold of the back of the
subject's clothing to pull him
closer. He continued to walk
away and began to tense his
arms. An officer took hold of
the subject's left arm with
their hands and positioned his
hands in front of him. The
officer wrapped their arms
around the subject's torso,
lifted the subject off the
ground and placed the
subject face down on the
ground. The subject
immediately tucked his hands
underneath his body and
refused to place his hands
behind his back. The officer
gave the subject multiple
commands to place his hands
behind his back, but the
subject continued to tense his
arms tucking them under his
body near his waistband.
Officers also observed the
subject attempting to grab
officers' hands and at one
point, he pinned an officer's
arms under his. As the
sub'ect continued to stru
Evening
Watch —
One Officer
Evening
Watch —
One Officer
11/13
11/14
2021008513 Traffic
Stop
2021008579 Warrant
Arrest
with officers an officer
sprayed the subject in the
face with a chemical irritant.
Another officer delivered two
closed fist strikes. Officers
were able to pull the subject's
arms behind his back and
place hand cuffs on each
wrist. There were no injuries
to the subject or officers.
An officer attempted a traffic
stop on a vehicle travelling at
a high rate of speed. The
vehicle continued to evade
the officer for a brief period of
time. An officer observed the
front seat passenger reaching
around the passenger area as
well as in the back seat area,
ducking behind their seat.
Once the vehicle stopped
officers conducted a high-risk
traffic stop and had their
sidearms drawn as they
called the individuals out of
the vehicle. Officers found
alcohol and drug
paraphernalia in the vehicle
and both subjects were
charged and released. There
were no injuries to officers or
the sub'e� cts.
An officer identified a subject
as having an active arrest
warrant. Upon contact with
the subject an officer asked
the subject to exit his vehicle
which he did. The subject was
placed in handcuffs without
incident. When the subject
was told to walk towards a
patrol vehicle for transport to
jail, he began to plant his feet
firmly on the ground and
resist walking towards the
vehicle. An officer was
November 2021 Use of Force Report
Late Night
Watch —
One Officer
11/14 2021008557 Fight
November 2021 Use of Force Report
holding on to the subject's left
arm in order to maintain
control. The subject
continued to pull away from
the officer, so they looped
their right arm through the
front of the subject's left arm
and placed their right hand on
his left shoulder. This caused
the subject to remain off
balance until he could be
walked and placed int the
vehicle. The subject refused
to sit in the vehicle and an
officer pushed downwards on
the subject's chest causing
them to sit in the vehicle. The
officer closed the door and
transported the subject
without injury to the officer or
sub'ect.
Officers responded to a fight
outside a bar. Upon arrival,
officers encountered two male
subject's fighting with multiple
subject's attempting to break
up the fight. One officer took
hold of a subject's arm in
order to help him off the
ground and put their left hand
up towards another subject
telling them to stop fighting.
Both subjects pulled away
and continued to fight with
each other as crowds
gathered. A subject stood on
an officer's toe causing them
to fall to the ground. An
officer drew their taser,
pointed it towards the
subjects and ordered them to
stop fighting. An officer
holstered their taser and
moved in to handcuff a
subject who put their hands
u •, went on their knees and
Evening
Watch —
One Officer
Late Night
Watch —
Two
Officers
11/15
11/18
2021008607 Fight
cooperated with the
handcuffing process. An
officer placed handcuffs on
the subject who had placed
his hands behind their back.
There were no injuries to the
subject and an officer
sustained superficial injuries.
2021008660 Suspicious
Activity
Officers responded to an
unknown problem where
dispatch provided information
of a large fight between
individuals who were thought
to have guns. Officers arrived
and were pointed towards a
parked vehicle with several
occupants thought to be
armed and involved with the
fight. Officers on scene drew
their sidearms and pointed
them towards the occupants
of the vehicle. The occupants
were called out of the vehicle
individually where they were
handcuffed and searched
without incident. All subjects
complied with commands and
there were no injuries to the
subjects or officers.
November 2021 Use of Force Report
Officers responded to a bar at
the request of bar staff for
reports of a suspicious male
described as being harassing
towards staff and occupying
the bathroom area on multiple
occasions for extended
periods of time. There was a
suggestion that the subject
was dealing illegal narcotics
(cocaine). Upon contact,
officers located a male
subject based on the
description given to them by
staff. The subject was
escorted outside the bar
where he attempted to flee
Evening
Watch —
One Officer,
11/7
2021008679 Agency
Assist
from officers. An officer took
hold of the subject's
sweatshirt to prevent him
from running. The officer held
on to the subject as they
continued to pull away. The
subject turned to face the
officer and they took hold of
his wrist as the subject again
continued to pull away from
the officer. The officer
attempted to push towards
the ground, but the subject
was able to stay in a standing
position. Another officer
tackled the subject to the
ground by lowering their head
and pulling around the
subject's torso taking them to
the ground. Once on the
ground an officer pulled the
subject's arms behind their
back and placed the subject
into handcuffs. There were
no injuries to the subject or
officers.
An officer assisted a local law
enforcement agency on a
traffic stop which had resulted
in an OWI investigation. The
subject was face down on the
ground in handcuffs and the
initial responding agency
were attempting to search
him. The ICPD officer walked
over to the subject, placed
their right arm on the
subject's shoulder in an
attempt to keep the subject
face down on the ground.
The subject threatened to spit
on officers so one officer
placed a spit hood over the
subject's face. There were no
injuries to the subject or
officer.
November 2021 Use of Force Report
Day Shift —
One Officer
11/19 2021008701
Late Night
Watch —
Two
Officers
Late Night
Watch —
Five
Officers
Warrant
Service
11/19 2021008713
11/21
Traffic
Stop
2021008755
Fight
Y
November 2021 Use of Force Report
Officers conducted a traffic
stop on a vehicle containing
two subjects, one of whom
was known to have an active
arrest warrant for murder.
Given that at least one
subject was thought to be
armed and dangerous,
officers drew their service
weapons and pointed them at
the subjects as they ordered
the subjects out of the
vehicle. The subjects were
taken into custody without
injury to the officers or
subjects.
A female passenger refused
to exit the vehicle when told
several times to do so. The
subject locked the door and
rolled the windows up
refusing to exit the vehicle.
One officer opened the
driver's side door which
prompted the subject to open
the passenger side door.
Once the door was open, one
officer took hold of her right
arm and another officer took
hold of her left arm and pulled
her out of the vehicle and on
to the ground. Once on the
ground she positioned herself
in a seated position, tensing
her body. She quickly
complied and officers pulled
her arms behind her back,
and placed handcuffs on each
wrist. There were no injuries
to the sub'ect or officers.
Officers were dispatched to a
fight involving multiple
subjects. Officers attempted
to intervene to stop the fight
One officer took hold of a
subject's clothing, near the
November 2021 Use of Force Report
shoulder area pulling the
subject off another individual
he was assaulting. He then
turned and struck the officer
in the face and continued to
assault another subject. He
then attempted to run away,
but after a brief chase an
officer caught him and held
on to his left arm and
attempted to identify the
subject. A female subject
then attempted to prevent the
officer from taking the subject
into custody by muffing the
officer in the head. She was
told to back up several times
but failed to do so, so an
officer extended their arms
and pushed her back. A
subject then turned and
pushed the officer, then
struck the officer in the face.
The subject approached the
officer again, placing her
hands on the officer's head,
attempting to push the officer
away. The officer took hold of
her arm and guided her away
from the fight then an officer
deployed a chemical irritant to
prevent the assault from
continuing. Another officer
took hold of the subject's right
arm attempting to place her
into handcuffs. The subject
continued to pull away from
an officer and an officer
tripped the subject by placing
their leg in front of the
subject's leg and pushing her
forward lowering her to the
ground. Two officers pulled
the subject's arms behind her
back and placed handcuffs on
each wrist. Another sub'ect
November 2021 Use of Force Report
continued to pull away from
an officer, so the officer put
their right leg in front of the
subject's left leg and tripped
the subject, using their hip to
place them on the ground.
The subject then swung his
legs at the officer striking
them in the torso. The
subject continued to ignore
commands to stop fighting.
An officer drew their taser and
fired it towards the subject
striking him in the torso. The
subject continued to resist by
flailing around and kicking out
at officers so a second taser
was deployed into the
subject's left leg. This
enabled two officers to pull
the subject's arms behind his
back and place handcuffs on
each wrist. The subject was
then stood upright and walked
towards a nearby patrol
vehicle. The subject stopped
walking and pushed his body
up against officers, constantly
pulling away from them. One
officer used their right hand to
push the subject's shoulders
toward the patrol vehicle. The
vehicle door was opened, and
the subject continued to push
back towards officers and kick
out towards officers, at one
point, trapping an officer's
legs against the door of a
squad car and kicking out
towards others. As the
assault continued, an officer
deployed a chemical irritant
into the eyes of the assaultive
subject. An officer walked
around the vehicle and began
to • ull the subject into the
Late Night
Watch —
Two
Officers
11/21
2021008756
Fight
November 2021 Use of Force Report
vehicle as officers pushed
from the other side, placing
the subject into the vehicle.
Another officer had been
engaging a separate subject
who had been involved in the
fight. The subject was being
assaultive towards another
subject and an officer pointed
their taser at the subject and
ordered the subject to lie on
the ground. The subject
hesitantly complied. The
subject then took off running
and after a brief chase an
officer lowered their body and
tackled the subject to the
ground, pulled the subject's
hands behind their back and
placed handcuffs on each
wrist. Two suspects
sustained superficial injuries
and three officers sustained
injuries. One officer
sustained a serious knee
injury and two officers
sustained superficial injuries.
Officers responded to a fight
involving two male subjects.
One officer attempted to
place a subject under arrest,
and he pushed away from the
officer ignoring their verbal
commands, attempting to
engage other subjects. One
officer placed their right arm
under his right arm pit. The
officer then took hold of his
left hand, placed their right
foot outside of the subject's
left foot and pulled him to the
ground. The officer then used
their hands to roll the subject
Evening
Watch —
One Officer
Day Watch
— One
Officer
11/22
2021008808
11/26
2021008868
Injured
Animal
onto his stomach instructing
the subject to place his hands
behind his back. The subject
tensed his muscles and
placed his left hand close to
his chest refusing to put it
behind his back. Another
officer took hold of his right
arm and pulled it behind his
back. An officer took hold of
his left wrist with their right
hand and placed their left
hand on his bicep, pulling the
subject's arm out from his
chest, pulling it behind his
back. An officer the placed
handcuffs on both wrists.
There were no injuries to the
officers or subject.
Injured rabbit, shot and killed
by officer
Injured
Animal
Injured deer shot and killed by
officer
November 2021 Use of Force Report
REDLINE VERSION
Green highlights are additions
Red highlights are deletions
OPS -03.1
Now'" I.' wiu ri iw ,Y i 1111oo,
c 1,11.1.1,111',11.11,11.11,11j111w w111" i 1iuiu11u111,„,,,,,,u1.4ud11m1.11.0 1tl1
1.11uou"u- uuuiiip1,1ii11i1illiiouuuiiiiii.1.011131uuiuiuiuiuuuui0.1Rwoiu
Original Date of Issue
April 28, 2001
General Order Number
99-05
Effective Date of Reissue
January 10, 2022
Section Code
OPS -03
Reevaluation Date
*wary 2023
Amends
C.A.L.E..A.
1.3.1 —1.3.8, 1.3.13
Reference
(see "INDEX AS")
INDEX AS:
• Use of Force
• Reporting
• Significant Force
• Investigation
I.
• Use of Force Model
• Canine
• Arrests
• Warning Shots
PURPOSE
The purpose of this policy is to provide members of the Iowa City Police
Department with guidelines on the use of deadly and non -deadly force.
H. POLICY
The Iowa City Police Department recognizes and respects the value and special
integrity of each human life. In investing officers with the lawful authority to use force to
protect the public welfare, a careful balancing of all human interests is required.
Therefore, it is the policy of the Iowa City Police Department that police officers shall
use only that force that is reasonable and necessary to accomplish lawful objectives
and effectively bring an incident under control, while protecting the lives of the officers
and others.
III. DEFINITIONS
OPS -03.2
A. Deadly Force (Section 704.2, Code of Iowa) - For the purpose ofth
policy, shall mean any of the following:
1. Force used for the purpose of causing serious injury.
-
2. Force which the actor knows, or reasonably should
know, will create a strong probability that serious
injury will result.
3. The discharge of a firearm, in the direction of some person with the
knowledge of the person's presence there, even though no intent to
inflict serious physical injury can be shown.
4. The discharge of a firearm, at a vehicle in which a person is known
to be.
B. Serious Injury (Section 702.18 Code of Iowa) - Means 1. disabling mental
illness; or 2. bodily injury which creates a substantial risk of death or which
causes serious permanent disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment
of the function of any bodily member or organ.
C. Use of Force - Any contact applied by an officer that significantly restricts
or alters the actions of another and/or compels compliance with the
demands or instructions of the officer. This includes the use of restraint
devices such as handcuffs.
D. Verbal Commands/Directives - Verbal communication by an officer
directing someone to perform or not to perform an act: e.g. "Stop", "Don't
move", "Put your hands up", or "Get on the ground".
E. De-escalation- Taking action to stabilize a situation and reduce the
immediacy of a threat so that more time, options, and resources are
available to resolve the situation. The goal of de-escalation is to gain the
voluntary compliance of subjects, when feasible, and thereby reduce or
eliminate the necessity to use physical force.
F. De-escalation Techniques - Actions used by members of the department,
that seek to minimize the likelihood of the need to use force during an
incident and increase the likelihood of gaining voluntary compliance from a
subject. Note that these techniques should only be employed when it is
safe to do so.
IV. THE REASONABLENESS OF THE USE OF FORCE
The use of force is analyzed under the Fourth Amendment. "The right to be free
from excessive force is included under the Fourth Amendment's prohibition
against unreasonable seizure of the person." Andrews v. Fuoss, 417 F.3d 813,
818 (8th Cir. 2005). On the other hand, "the right to make an arrest or
investigatory stop necessarily carries with it the right to use some degree of
OPS -03.3
physical coercion or threat thereof to effect it." Graham v. Connor, 109 S.Ct.
1865, 1872 (1989).
A. Reasonable Officer: Objective Standard
1. "The 'Reasonableness' of a particular use of force must be judged from the
perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene rather than with the 20/20
vision of hindsight." Graham v. Connor, 109 S.Ct. 1865, 1872 (1989).
2. "Reasonableness" also takes into account that police officers make
judgments in a split second under circumstances that are "tense, uncertain,
and rapidly evolving - about the amount of force that is necessary in a
particular situation." Graham v. Connor, 109 S.Ct. 1865, 1872 (1989).
3. Reasonableness is "not capable of precise definition or mechanical
application." Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 559 (1979). Reasonableness is
determined by the totality of circumstances, which include the "severity of the
crime at issue, whether the suspect poses an immediate threat to the safety
of the officers or others, and whether he is actively resisting arrest or
attempting to evade arrest by flight." Graham v. Connor, 109 S.Ct. 1865,
1872 (1989).
B. The Code of Iowa authorizes the use of force in making an arrest and' .w
preventing an escape.
1. Section 804.8 Use of force by peace officer making an arrest.
A peace officer, while making a lawful arrest, is justified in the use of any
force which the peace officer reasonably believes to be necessary to effect
the arrest or to defend any person from bodily harm while making the arrest.
However, the use of deadly force or a chokehold [chokehold is specifically
defined in the state code]is only justified when a person cannot be captured
any other way and either:
a. The person has used or threatened to use deadly force in
committing a felony, or
b. The peace officer reasonably believes the person would use deadly
force against any person unless immediately apprehended.
A peace officer making an arrest pursuant to an invalid warrant is justified in
the use of any force which the peace officer would be justified in using if the
warrant were valid, unless the peace officer knows that the warrant is invalid.
[Note: The use of a chokeholds and other lateral restraints is further limited by this
policy. See Section X below.]
2. Section 804.13 Use of force in preventing an escape.
OPS -03.4
A peace officer or other person who has an arrested person in custody is
justified in the use of such force to prevent the escape of the arrested person
from custody as the officer or other person would be justified in using ifihe
officer or other person were arresting such person..
V. PROCEDURES
A. DEADLY FORCE
1. Purpose of statement
a. To delineate the Department's policy regarding the use of deadly
force.
b. To establish policies under which the use of deadly force is
permissible.
2. Policy
a. Officers of the Iowa City Police Department may use deadly force
to stop or incapacitate an assailant to prevent serious bodily injury
or death. For this purpose and to minimize danger to innocent
bystanders, the officer should shoot at the center body mass,
whenever possible.
b. An officer may use deadly force to protect him/her or others from
what he/she reasonably believes to be an imminent threat of death
or serious injury.
c. An officer may use deadly force to effect the capture or prevent
escape if:
i. The person used or threatened to use deadly force in
committing a felony, and
ii. The peace officer reasonably believes the person would use
deadly force against a person unless immediately
apprehended.
d. Provided the criteria for paragraph 2(a), 2(b) or 2(c) have been
satisfied, no distinction shall be made relative to the age of the
intended target.
e. Warning shots by officers of the Iowa City Police Department are
prohibited.
f. A verbal warning shall be utilized prior to an officer discharging a
weapon unless it would compromise the safety of the officer or
others.
g.
OPS -03.5
Shooting at or from a moving vehicle is prohibited, except under the
following circumstances:
i. When the occupant of the vehicle is utilizing deadly force
against the police officer or other persons.
ii. As a last resort to prevent death or serious injury to officers or
other persons.
iii. As a last resort to apprehend a person who has just committed
a felony resulting in death or serious injury.
iv. The discharge of firearms shall not be utilized when
circumstances do not provide a high probability of striking an
intended target or when there is substantial risk to the safety
of other persons, including the risk of causing vehicle
accidents.
3. Rendering medical aid following police actions
a. Officers shall render immediate and appropriate medical aid in
incidents that involve injuries sustained during detainments or
apprehension
b. Officers shall immediately activate the emergency medical system
when:
Obvious severe injuries have occurred,
Medical distress is apparent, or the individual i
unconscious,
iii. Requested by the subject(s) involved,
iv. The extent of an injury is unknown or not visible, or
v. The nature or extent of the injury dictates.
b. Officers shall err on the side of caution, requesting emergency
medical system to respond to the scene if in doubt about the
existence or extent of an injury.
4. Surrender of firearm.
When officers discharge a firearm that results in personal injury or death
to any person, the officer or employee shall surrender that firearm to
his/her supervisor or a higher authority consistent with departmental
directives. Firearms involved in police shooting incidents shall not be
OPS -03.6
unloaded, cleaned, nor in any way altered from the condition
immediately following discharge other than to make the weapon safe for
transport.
a. When more than one officer or weapon has been involved in a
shooting situation resulting in any injury or death, the involved
weapons must be surrendered to the commanding officer in
accordance with departmental directives.
b. The commanding officer receiving such firearm or firearms shall
immediately secure and document the same as evidence.
B. LESS LETHAL FORCE
1. Where deadly force is not authorized under this policy, officers should
assess the incident in order to determine which less lethal technique will
best de-escalate the incident and bring it under control in a safe manner.
Officers shall use no more force than is reasonably necessary to gain
control of an individual or situation. Officers are authorized to use force
consistent with the Use of Force model.
2. An officer shall use no more force than that officer reasonably feels is
necessary in the performance of their official duties. Use of"force`by an
officer is justified in, but not limited to, the following situations:
a. To protect the officer or others from physical harm.
b. To control an arrestee or a potentially violent person.
c. To restrain or subdue a resistant individual. Approved restraint
devices are handcuffs (hinged and chain style), flex -cuffs and nylon
leg restraints.
d. To bring an unlawful situation safely and effectively under control.
3. Officers shall offer medical treatment to any non -combative person who
has been exposed to a chemical irritant / OC spray. Officers shall
decontaminate a person exposed to a chemical irritant and continue to
monitor the condition of that person until they are no longer in the
custody of the officer.
C. NOTIFICATIONS
1. Any officer who discharges a firearm in the course of their duty, shall
immediately contact his/her supervisor. (This does not apply to animal
euthanasia where supervisory permission to discharge the weapon must
be sought prior to the destruction of the animal (see section B in
"REPORTING USE OF FORCE INCIDENTS") or training situations) If
this is not practical, the officer shall contact the on -duty patrol supervisor.
The notified supervisor shall then contact the following individuals:
OPS -03.7
a. The involved officer's Division Commander.
i. It shall be the Division Commander's responsibility to notify the
Chief of Police.
ii. If the Division Commander cannot be notified, a watch
supervisor shall notify the Chief of Police.
b. The County Attorney of the county in which the incident occjtred.
c. The City Attorney.
d. The City Manager.
e. The Criminal Investigation Commander or his/her designee...
f. Other as Required by the Mandatory Call Matrix
2. The on -duty watch supervisor shall be immediately notified or
summoned to the scene of any incident where use of force results in a
physical injury.
3. The on -duty watch supervisor shall be immediately notified when a
chemical irritant / OC spray is utilized.
4. The on -duty watch supervisor shall be immediately notified when a
conducted energy device is discharged.
1111111 111111111111
luo0011111111111111,011111111101111111 N:1111111
D. REPORTING USE OF FORCE INCIDENTS
1. Discharge of Firearms — report required.
Any officer who discharges a firearm for any reason or purpose other
than those exceptions listed in this section, shall make a written report to
his/her immediate supervisor as soon as circumstances permit. This
written report will then be forwarded through the chain of command to
the Chief of Police for review. Exceptions to the requirement of a written
report apply to the following circumstances in which no accident or injury
results:
a. The discharge of firearms on firearm ranges or in an area for
firearms practice.
b. Sporting events to include lawful hunting and organized shooting
OPS -03.8
matches,
2. When, in accordance with applicable law, it becomes necessary for an
officer to discharge a firearm to destroy an animal which presents a
danger or is seriously injured or ill, the officer will, prior to discharging the
firearm, request permission to do so from the on -duty supervisor. If such
action must be immediately taken in order to protect the officer's or
another person's safety, the officer need not delay action in order to
request this permission. In this circumstance, however, the Watch
Supervisor must be notified immediately after the firearm is used.' Use
of Force report is required.
3. Administrative Review Committee.
a, Use of force incidents shall be reviewed by a committee consisting
of a minimum of three sworn personnel.
The committee should consist of two supervisors as
designated by the Chief of Police and one officer -preferably a
use of force instructor. To provide differing perspectives, the
Chief of Police may appoint multiple committees that alternate
review responsibilities.
ii. This group should, at a minimum, meet every month to review
the Use of Force Reports from the previous month.
iii. The purpose of this committee shall be to review all facts and
reports concerning use of force incidents to determine whether
policy, training, equipment, or disciplinary issues should be
addressed. This committee will make recommendations on
these matters to the Chief of Police.
b. All non-use of force firearms discharges (e.g. accidental/negligent
discharge), with the exception of the destruction of animals which are
reviewed by the Use of Force Committee, shall be reviewed in a
manner consistent with General Order 99-06: Internal Affairs
Investigations as assigned by a Division Commander.
i. At a minimum, this will consist of a Report of Inquiry and
supervisory review.
ii. The Division Commander and the Training and Accreditation
Sergeant will review the investigation and findings to identify
any training recommendations which are necessary, and/or
any need for policy changes. Recommendations on these
matters will be forwarded to the Chief of Police.
4. Use of Force Reports..
a. A Use of Force Report with a written narrative regarding any use of
force incident will be submitted in addition to any incident report
1100 ,auaaa
roolos
ur
!
11111111
11111111111111111
m.
;1111111""1 1111.111111111111111"[111.,IT.,:"..1111'1.1rri".1
CoxHI 1
tIh
1000000000000000000000010,11
p
84 IR,
)1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111;11
w
muuuuuuMuuuuuuu
11 11111, 1111,111111
d
OPS -03.9
101
0011
01111111111111
All 100,100
u
u iomu>I uquui I
1p; , ..� Pi ''m " , :
4 , dw airrulk er 4
-When the only use of force is the application of handcuffs, double
locked
The report(s) shall contain the following information:
i. Arrestee/suspect information.
ii. Incident number(s), date and time of incident, and reporting
officer.
iii. Description of actual resistance encountered.
iv. All required fields completed in Use of Force report.
v. The force used by the officer to overcome the resistance and
the specific weapon or technique used.
vi. A description of any alleged or actual injuries to either the
OPS -03.10
officer or suspect.
vii. Pictures taken of any injuries to either the officer or suspect.
viii. Exposure to Chemical Irritant / OC spray will additionally
require the documentation of medical treatment being offered,
supervisor notification, and decontamination procedures.
ix. A Conducted Energy Device deployment will additionally
require the documentation of medical treatment, if medical
treatment is refused by the suspect, supervisor notification,
and the number of cycles/applications used.
b. When the only use of force is the application of handcuffs, double
locked, no use of force report is necessary. The application of
handcuffs, double locked will be documented on a written complaint
or citation or in the body of an incident report.
c. A supervisor of the reporting person shall review the report for
adherence to Department policy and procedure and document their
conclusions.
d. All reports concerning use of force shall be forwarded to the
Sergeant of Planning/Research.
e. The Captain of Field Operations and Chief of Police shall review all
use of force reports where any participant is injured during the use
of force and/or where a deadly force option has been utilized
(excludes display of a weapon).
5. Executive Review,
At a minimum, the Chief of Police and/or designee will conduct a
documented analysis of all reports and incidents of force annually. An
analysis of reports and incidents of force could reveal patterns or trends
that indicate training needs, equipment upgrades and/or policy
modifications.
mm}PS-03.11
6. Duty to Intervene and Report
All employees are required to be familiar with and abide by GO 20-
01 titled Duty to Intervene and Report.
E. INVESTIGATION OF USE OF FORCE RESULTING IN DEATH OR
SERIOUS INJURY
1. When any member of the police department is involved in an incident
resulting in death or serious injury, a thorough and objective
investigation of facts and circumstances will be initiated as soon as
practical by the Chief of Police's designees and completed as soon as
practical.
2. The Chief of Police or his/her designee shall decide whether the DCI
and/or any other outside agency shall be called to assist in the
investigation.
3. If an incident resulting in death or serious injury which involves a sworn
Iowa City police officer occurs in another police jurisdiction, the officer
shall cooperate with that jurisdiction, as set forth in Iowa City Police
Department directives.
4. The on -duty watch commander/supervisor shall ensure that appropriate
case reports are initiated and that potential evidence is preserved.
5. The officer(s) or employee involved in the death or serious injury shall be
relieved of field duty without the loss of pay or benefits, pending the
results of the departmental investigation. Other officers or employees
involved in the incident also may be relieved of field duty without loss of
pay or benefits at the discretion of the Chief of Police, while the
investigation is pending:
a. The officer or employee shall be available at all times for official
interviews and statements regarding the case, and shall be subject
to recall to duty at any time. The officer or employee must receive
permission from the Chief of Police, or from their Division
Commander, prior to leaving the area. If such permission is given,
the officer or employee shall supply the phone number(s) of his/her
location and duration of the absence.
b. The officer or employee will not discuss the case with anyone
except the prosecuting attorney and/or persons designated by the
Chief of Police or their designee. This does not prohibit the officer
or employee from discussions with his/her attorney. If the officer or
employee may be the subject of internal review or criminal charges,
his/her constitutional rights and administrative protections will be
maintained. The officer or employee will attend post-traumatic
stress counseling at the discretion of the Chief of Police.
OPS -03.12
c. At the discretion of the Chief of Police, the officer or employee may
be returned to duty upon departmental receipt of notification from
the counselor or mental health professional indicating the officer's
fitness for duty.
6. The investigation and administrative leave policy outlined herein is not
intended to imply or indicate the officer or employee has acted
improperly, but is designed to safeguard the officer or employee and the
Department.
7. The Chief of Police may appoint one or more individuals to conducta
separate yet parallel (administrative) investigation into a use of force
incident to ensure all personnel followed departmental policies and -;
guidelines.
VI. USE OF FORCE MODEL
Police officers are given the unique right to use force, even deadly three,
against others for legitimate law enforcement purposes. The right to use
force carries with it an obligation to use that force in a responsible manner.
Police agencies have an obligation to provide their employees with the
policies, training, and tools necessary to accomplish their mission. Selection
of a use of force response from the options articulated in this model will be
based on: the skills, knowledge, and ability of the officer; the perceived
threat and amount of resistance offered by a subject; and consideration of
the situational framework. A defined Use of Force Model will enhance the
department's ability to manage the use of force and will benefit the officer by
providing guidance, resources, and options.
A. ESCALATION OF FORCE
Officers of the Iowa City Police Department shall follow the
principles of the Use of Force Model. The model describes an
escalation of force, which is based on a reasonable officer's
perception of threat or resistance. As a subject's resistance
escalates, more force options become available to the officer.
When resistance stops or reduces, the officer must correspondingly
de-escalate. Officers of the Iowa City Police Department must
generally employ the tools, tactics, and timing of force utilization
consistent with the Model's proscription and training protocols. Due
to the fact that officer/member of the public confrontations occur in
environments that are potentially unpredictable, "tense, uncertain,
and rapidly evolving" (Graham v. Connor, 109 S.Ct. 1865, 1872
(1989)) the officer may utilize tools, tactics, and timing outside the
parameters of the Model. However, these applications of force must
meet the same test of reasonableness as those which have been
previously identified and approved by the Department.
OPS -03.13
B. DE-ESCALATION OF FORCE
De-escalation strategies shall be applied in an effort to reduce the need
for application of force, when safe and feasible.
De-escalation techniques are actions used by members of the department
that seek to minimize the likelihood of the need to use force during an
incident and increase the likelihood of gaining voluntary compliance from a
subject. Note that these techniques should only be employed when it is
safe to do so.
When safe and feasible under the totality of circumstances, members of
the department shall attempt to slow down or stabilize the situation so that
more time, options and resources are available for incident resolution.
When time and circumstances reasonably permit, members of the
department shall consider whether a subject's lack of compliance is a
deliberate attempt to resist or an inability to comply based on factors
including, but not limited to:
Medical conditions
Mental impairment
Developmental disability
Physical limitation
Language barrier
Drug interaction
Behavioral crisis
An officer's awareness of these possibilities, when time and
circumstances reasonably permit, shall then be balanced against the facts
of the incident facing the officer when deciding which tactical options are
the most appropriate to bring the situation to a safe resolution.
Mitigating the immediacy of threat gives officers of the department time to
utilize extra resources, and increases time available to call more officers
or specialty units.
The number of officers on scene may increase the available force options
and may increase the ability to reduce the overall force used.
Other examples include:
Placing barriers between an uncooperative subject and an officer
Containing a threat
Moving from a position that exposes officers to potential threats to a
safer position
OPS -03.14
Decreasing the exposure to potential threat by using
- Distance
- Cover
- Concealment
Communicating from a safe position intended to gain the subject's
compliance, using:
- Verbal persuasion
- Advisements
- Warnings
Avoiding physical confrontation, unless immediately necessary (for
example, to protect someone, or stop dangerous behavior)
Using verbal de-escalation techniques to generate cooperation and gain
voluntary compliance.
Calling extra resources to assist or officers to assist:
- More officers
- CIT officers
- Officers equipped with Tess -lethal tools
- Supervisors.
* Using any other tactics and approaches that attempt to achieve :.
gaining the compliance of the subject.
D. Reasonable officer's perception/Reasonable officer's response (see
attached matrix)
VII. CIVILIAN OFFICERS (COMMUNITY SERVICE AND ANIMAL
CONTROL OFFICERS)
A. Community Service Officers assigned to the road and Animal Control Officers
shall carry chemical irritants (OC) under this policy for the sole purpose of
self-defense from persons or from animals.
B. When dealing with upset persons, civilian officers must first attempt to
deescalate the situation, if it is reasonable to do so, by backing away from the
situation to a place of safety (vehicle or other barrier) and calling for a sworn
officer to come to the scene. If after attempting to deescalate the situation, the
civilian officer reasonably believes that they are going to be assaulted, the
officer may deploy their chemical irritant in a manner consistent with training.
C. When dealing with aggressive animals, civilian officers should try backing
away from the situation to a place of safety (vehicle or other barrier) and call
OPS -03.15
for a sworn officer to come to the scene to assist. If the civilian officer is
unable to make it to a place of safety and they reasonably believe that they
may be attacked, the officer may deploy their chemical irritant at the animal in
a manner consistent with training.
D. Civilian officers that deploy chemical agents at a person are subject to all
reporting requirements set forth in this policy. Additionally, they are
responsible to immediately contact the on duty Watch supervisor as well as
summoning medical personnel to the scene for any injuries.
E. Civilian officers that deploy chemical agents at an animal shall notify their
supervisor to make them aware that a chemical agent was deployed as well
as the circumstances involved.
F. When dealing with persons, a civilian officer will be held to the "Reasonable
officer's perception/Reasonable officer's response" standard. (see level four
and five in the attached matrix)
VIII. PREREQUISITES TO CARRYING LETHAL / LESS LETHAL
WEAPONS
All personnel authorized to carry weapons intended for use of force,
application must receive training on their use from the perspectives of '.
practical application and organizational policy, Instruction should include
confirmation of employee understanding of legal implications and
requirements, weapon specific operating and care procedures,
documentation and reporting procedures, and obligations following the
use of force.
IX. FBI NATIONAL USE of FORCE DATA COLLECTION
The Department voluntarily participates in the FBI National Use of Force Data
Collection. The sergeant of planning and research shall track the following use of
force incidents:
When a fatality to a person occurs connected to a use of force by an Iowa
City police officer.
When there is serious bodily injury to a person connected to a use of force
by an Iowa City police officer. For this section the definition of serious
bodily injury will be based, in part, upon Title 18, United States Code,
Section 2246 (4). The term "serious bodily injury" means "bodily injury that
involves a substantial risk of death, unconsciousness, protracted and
obvious disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of the function of a
bodily member, organ, or mental faculty."
- In the absence of either death or serious bodily injury, when a firearm is
discharged by an Iowa City police officer at or in the direction of a person.
OPS -03.16
When an incident meeting the above criteria is met the sergeant of planning and
research shall report the following information to the FBI:
Incident Information
Date and time of the incident
Total number of officers who applied actual force during the incident
Number of officers from the Iowa City Police Department who applied
actual force during the incident
- Location of the incident (address or latitude/longitude)
Location type of the incident (street, business, residence, restaurant,
school, etc.)
Did the officer(s) approach the subject(s)?
Was it an ambush incident?
Was a supervisor or a senior officer acting in a supervisory.capacity,
present or consulted at any point during the incident?
What was the reason for initial contact between the subject and the officer
(response to unlawful or suspicious activity, routine patrol, traffic stop,
etc.)?
If the initial contact was due to "unlawful or criminal activity," what were
the most serious reported offenses committed by the subject prior to or at
the time of the incident?
If applicable, the National Incident -Based Reporting System or local
incident number of the report detailing criminal incident information on the
subject and/or assault or homicide of a law enforcement officer
If the incident involved multiple law enforcement agencies, the case
numbers for the local use -of -force reports at the other agencies
Subject Information
Age, sex, race, ethnicity, height, and weight
Injury/death of subject(s) (gunshot wound, apparent broken bones,
unconsciousness, etc.)
Type(s) of force used connected to serious bodily injury or death (firearm,
electronic control weapon, explosive device, blunt instrument, etc.)
OPS -03.17
Did the subject(s) resist?
Was the threat by the subject(s) directed to the officer or to another party?
Type(s) of subject resistance/weapon involvement (threatened officer,
threatened others, threatened self, active aggression, firearm, attempt to
flee, etc.)
Was there an apparent or known impairment in the physical condition of
subject? If yes, indicate which (mental health/alcohol/drugs/unknown)
At any time during the incident, was the subject(s) armed or believed to be
armed with a weapon?
Officer Information
Age, sex, race, ethnicity, height, and weight
Years of service as a law enforcement officer (total tenure, numberof
years)
At the time of the incident, was the officer a full-time employee?_
Was the officer readily identifiable'?
Was the officer on duty at the time of the incident?
Did the officer discharge a firearm?
Was the officer injured?
What was the officer's injury type (gunshot wound, apparent broken
bones, severe laceration, unconsciousness, etc.)
X. CHOKE HOLDS, LATERAL NECK RESTRAINTS, and SIMILAR
COMPLIANCE TECHNIQUES
A. Choke holds, lateral neck restraints, and similar compliance techniques
that are specifically designed or intended to restrict the ability to breathe or
the flow of blood to the brain, or any intentional and prolonged application
of force to the throat or windpipe of another that prevents or hinders
breathing or reduces the intake of air, are prohibited except:
1. Where a person cannot be captured any other way;
AND
2. a. The person has used or threatened to use deadly force in
committing a felony OR
OPS -03.18
b. The officer reasonably believes the person would use deadly
force against any person unless immediately apprehended;
[Note: 1 and 2 are requirements that must be present before the
exception on the use of chokeholds in Section 804.8 of the Iowa Code
applies.]
AND
3. It is the only reasonable means of protecting oneself Ora third
party.
[Note: 3 is an additional City of Iowa City requirement that must be,
present before the exception applies.]
B. If utilized, the technique must be immediately loosened or released if the
individual on whom it is being applied becomes compliant.
C. Any individual who has been subjected to a lateral choke hold, neck
restraint, or similar compliance technique, regardless of whether he/ she
was rendered unconscious, shall be promptly examined by emergency
medical services and shall be monitored until examined by
medical personnel.
D. The officer shall inform any person receiving custody, or any person
placed in a position of providing care, that the individual has been
subjected to a choke hold, lateral neck restraint, or similar compliance
technique and whether the individual lost consciousness as a result.
E. Any officer applying a choke hold, lateral neck restraint, or similar
compliance technique shall promptly notify a supervisor of the use or
attempted use of such hold. A use of force report shall be completed.
XII. ANNUAL IN-SERVICE TRAINING
On an annual basis all officers will receive in-service training on this policy.
The training shall include a review of the definitions of conditional terms, such as
those for reasonable belief, serious physical injury, or similar terms used to
qualify the policy.
Dustin Liston, Chief of Police
OPS -03.19
WARNING
This directive is for departmental use only and does not apply in any criminal or civil
proceeding. The department policy should not be construed as a creation of higher
legal standard of safety or care in an evidentiary sense with respect to third -party
claims. Violations of this directive will only form the basis for departmental
administrative sanctions.
OPS -03.20
LEVEL ONE
Perception — Subject is compliant -
Response — Cooperative controls (includes: mental preparation, spatial posit oning�
communications skills, handcuffing positions and techniques, searching techniques,
arrest and transport controls)
COOPERATIVE CONTROLS
USE OF FORCE MODEL- FUNCTIONAL PROFILE
COMPLIANT: LEVEL 1
COOPERATIVE CONTROLS
MENTAL PREPARATION
SPATIAL POSITIONING
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
HANDCUFFING POSITIONS
PERCEPTION SKILLS
RISK ASSESSMENT
SURVIVAL ORIENTATION
OFFICER STANCE
BODY LANGUAGE
RELATIVE POSITIONING
VERBAL
VERBAL COMMANDS/DIRECTIVES
VERBAL DE-ESCALATION
TECHNIQUES
NON-VERBAL
WALL
> STANDING
> PRONE
KNEELING
HANDCUFFING TECHNIQUE
SEARCHING TECHNIQUES
CONTROLLED
WALL
> STANDING
> PRONE
KNEELING
SPECIALIZED TECHNIQUES
ARREST TECHNIQUES
ESCORT CONTROLS
TRANSPORT CONTROLS
OPPOSITE SEX
FRISK
STRIP
SINGLE OFFICER
MULTIPLE OFFICERS
SINGLE OFFICER
MULTIPLE OFFICERS
SINGLE OFFICER
MULTIPLE OFFICERS
OPS -03.21
LEVEL TWO
Perception — Subject is passively resistant
Response — Contact controls (includes: contact controls, conflict management
techniques, and mass formation arrest techniques including: multiple officer lifts,
stretchers, wheelchairs etc.)
ui,,aw re p11
m, 'rm iiourmuu�m�mminmom�� 1 III 00111 1111 „ 8 1110001 'F'''''1111111111'''''':::'"111111111"'“ uu'"
uu uuuuuuuuu uuuuum""""" 'mum"' 000n000ngpon000n0000
�'
USE OF FORCE MODEL -FUNCTIONAL PROFILE
RESISTIVE (Passive LEVEL 2
CONTACT CONTROLS
FORCE OPTIONS (also Includes all option from lower a is
> VERBAL,
— VERBAL DIRECTIVES
— VERBAL DE-ESCALATION TECHNIQUES
NON—VERBAL
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
CONTACT CONTROLS
ARREST TECHNIQUES
> ARM
> WRIST
> HAND
• ESCORT TECHNIQUES
> TRANSPORT TECHNIQUES
> MASS FORMATION
OPS -03.22
LEVEL THREE
Perception — Subject is actively resistant
Response — Compliance techniques (includes: neuromuscular controls, joint
manipulation, nerve compression, chemical irritants, e.g. OC spray, controlled stopping
devices for fleeing vehicle incidents)
COMPLIANCE TECHNIQUES
USE OF FORCE MODEL- FUNCTIONAL PROFILE
Active). LEVEL 3
RESISTANT :
COMPLIANCE TECHNIQUES
FORCE OPTIONS S (als a includes all options from 10 Wer Levels)
COMPLIANCE CONTROLS
NERVE COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES:
NEURO -MUSCULAR CONTROLS
CONTROL TACTICS
BICYCLE
VEHICLE PURSUIT TACTICS
> NERVE COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES
> CHEMICAL IRRITANTS, CROWD CONTROL
CHEMICAL MUNITIONS
• CONTROL TACTICS
• HEAD
> ARM
> LEG
>`WRIST ROTATION
> ELBOW LEVERAGE
> TAKE DOWN TECHNIQUES
> COMMUNICATIONS/ASSESSMENT SKILLS
> PACING/TRAILING TECHNIQUES
OPS -03.23
LEVEL FLAIR
Perception — Subject is physically assaultive and may cause bodily injury
Response — Defensive tactics (includes: personal weapon defense, e.g. hands, knees,
feet, active countermeasures, etc.; impact weapons, e.g. ASP, weapon retention
techniques, conducted energy devices)
11,11,11111PIIIIIIIIii11,11,;11111111!!!!,19; 1:1(;;111111111100011s HH""'
loymilitlififloolioy0000
',1111111.11111111111.(011 w-111.1,111111.1.11).111,1161
111111111111,11,11.11.11,11,11.11.11,11.1.11.1il!j.1,1.11i1).111ill
Illtrilum111111111111111 1'111111ililillilidiihlifill111111111,1101 11111.11111,111,1,1,1ppill
11110011101111111111111111111111111111111111111111111? 111111111111111 1111111111 0
1111 111 10011111111
11100000000000001111000 1111111111
0000000 1111111111 V
,i111,111111111111111111111111111111111 00110111111111111101
1111000000000000000001000 111,111,011,111:
1111111111111111111111111111
10000010011111111111111111111111111111111'101111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111„,
USE OF FORCE MODEL — FUNCTIONAL PROFILE
ASSAULTIVE (Potential Bodily Harm). LEVEL 4
DEFENSIVE TACTICS
FORCE OPTIONS (also includes all options from lower Levels)
PERSONAL WEAPON DEFENSES
IMPACT WEAPONS (ASP)
LESS LETHAL WEAPONS
WEAPON RETENTION TECHNIQUES (Less Lethal)
OTHER WEAPONS
CANINE*
> HEAD
> HANDS
> ELBOWS
> FEET
> KNEES
STRIKES
> IMPACT PROJECTILES
> CANINE OPERATIONS
> CONDUCTED ENERGY
DEVICES
> OTHER OPTIONS
> FRONT
> REAR
> SIDE
> CONTROL /APPREHENSION
TECHNIQUES
*DepOoyment of canine for apprehension/protection shall be preceded by actions of
suspect which are consistent with neve° 4 (Assauttive — Potentiall Bodilly Harm) behavior,
The exception to this is the depOoyrnent of canine for bullding searches or rellated
Giro ti 1[10 stances, where the suspect. actions are not k.nown. 0.n this circUrnstance
procedures spelled out in the "Canine Operations" GeneraOrder (99-04) shall
followed.
OPS -03.24
LEVEL FIVE
Perception - Subject is assaultive and likely to cause SERIOUS bodily injury or death
Response- Deadly force (includes: weapon/weapons attack defense, lethal force
utilization with service/supplemental weapons, forcible stopping techniques for assault
with vehicle incidents)
uannuuww(01111111111111111111110001,111,11111(111101 '1106110011101110111
USE OF FORCE MODEL
iw�mo1 11 uuuuuuumooi � 0h�10000
0III1u111 1111 �80II01011
FUNCTIONAL PROFILE
ASSAULTIVE (Serious Bodily Harm/Death):
LEVEL 5
DEADLY FORCE
FORCE OPT ONS (also includes all options from lower Levels)
LETHAL FORCE UTILIZATION
OTHER OPTIONS:
FORCIBLE STOPPING TECHNIQUES
> WEAPON
> WEAPONLESS
> WEAPON RETENTION
TECHNIQUES
> SERVICE WEAPON
>.SUPPLEMENTAL WEAPON
> OTHER OPTIONS
> CONTACT
> ROADBLOCK IT
OPS -03.25
OPS -03.1
1061„V„„11„11Vtilsdhll„! Wim! iW!1!,1!1:,1)!W M0.11110110oo110,1,1,„„Nilo ,9,1P„PgNI WWW q !VIBYd”"VVWNIN �,
„ jIgI III VW IVIVVV111IIVV1V1NN U41111IIII11,11MIS '11111111"1"1"1111111111111111001111RRIVIVIVIVIV II@1.11IW1W1,1,1WNNIWN1IIWIWUU1,1,1,W ri1111W
Original Date of Issue
April 28, 2001
General Order Number
99-05
W11Ntl011111IVUIV111111 llip
Effective Date of Reissue
January 10, 2022
Section Code
OPS -03
Reevaluation Date
„l anuu \ 111ry 2023
Amends
C.A.L.E.A.
1.3.1 —1.3.8, 1.3.13
Reference
(see "INDEX AS")
INDEX AS:
• Use of Force
• Reporting
• Significant Force
• Investigation
I.
• Use of Force Model
• Canine
• Arrests
• Warning Shots
PURPOSE
The purpose of this policy is to provide members of the Iowa City Police
Department with guidelines on the use of deadly and non -deadly force.
II. POLICY
The Iowa City Police Department recognizes and respects the value and special
integrity of each human life. In investing officers with the lawful authority to use force to
protect the public welfare, a careful balancing of all human interests is required.
Therefore, it is the policy of the Iowa City Police Department that police officers shall
use only that force that is reasonable and necessary to accomplish lawful objectives
and effectively bring an incident under control, while protecting the lives of the officers
and others.
III. DEFINITIONS
OPS -03.2
A. Deadly Force (Section 704.2, Code of Iowa) — For the purpose of this,'.
policy, shall mean any of the following:
1. Force used for the purpose of causing serious injury.
2. Force which the actor knows, or reasonably should
know, will create a strong probability that serious
injury will result.
3. The discharge of a firearm, in the direction of some person with the
knowledge of the person's presence there, even though no intent to
inflict serious physical injury can be shown.
4. The discharge of a firearm, at a vehicle in which a person is known
to be.
B. Serious Injury (Section 702.18 Code of Iowa) — Means 1. disabling mental
illness; or 2. bodily injury which creates a substantial risk of death or which
causes serious permanent disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment
of the function of any bodily member or organ.
Use of Force — Any contact applied by an officer that significantly restricts
or alters the actions of another and/or compels compliance with the
demands or instructions of the officer. This includes the use of restraint
devices such as handcuffs.
D. Verbal Commands/Directives — Verbal communication by an officer
directing someone to perform or not to perform an act: e.g. "Stop", "Don't
move", "Put your hands up", or "Get on the ground".
E. De-escalation - Taking action to stabilize a situation and reduce the
immediacy of a threat so that more time, options, and resources are
available to resolve the situation. The goal of de-escalation is to gain the
voluntary compliance of subjects, when feasible, and thereby reduce or
eliminate the necessity to use physical force.
F De-escalation Techniques - Actions used by members of the department,
that seek to minimize the likelihood of the need to use force during an
incident and increase the likelihood of gaining voluntary compliance from a
subject. Note that these techniques should only be employed when it is
safe to do so.
IV. THE REASONABLENESS OF THE USE OF FORCE
The use of force is analyzed under the Fourth Amendment. "The right to be free
from excessive force is included under the Fourth Amendment's prohibition
against unreasonable seizure of the person." Andrews v. Fuoss, 417 F.3d 813,
818 (8th Cir. 2005). On the other hand, "the right to make an arrest or
investigatory stop necessarily carries with it the right to use some degree of
OPS -03.3
physical coercion or threat thereof to effect it." Graham v. Connor, 109 S.Ct.
1865, 1872 (1989).
A. Reasonable Officer: Objective Standard
1. "The 'Reasonableness' of a particular use of force must be judged from the
perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene rather than with the 20/20
vision of hindsight." Graham v. Connor, 109 S.Ct. 1865, 1872 (1989).
2. "Reasonableness" also takes into account that police officers make
judgments in a split second under circumstances that are "tense, uncertain,
and rapidly evolving - about the amount of force that is necessary in a
particular situation." Graham v. Connor, 109 S.Ct. 1865, 1872 (1989).
3. Reasonableness is "not capable of precise definition or mechanical
application." Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 559 (1979). Reasonableness is
determined by the totality of circumstances, which include the "severity of the
crime at issue, whether the suspect poses an immediate threat to the safety
of the officers or others, and whether he is actively resisting arrest or
attempting to evade arrest by flight." Graham v. Connor, 109 S.Ct. 1865,
1872 (1989).
B. The Code of Iowa authorizes the use of force in making an arrest and
preventing an escape.
1. Section 804.8 Use of force by peace officer rnakinq an arrest.
A peace officer, while making a lawful arrest, is justified in the use of any
force which the peace officer reasonably believes to be necessary to effect
the arrest or to defend any person from bodily harm while making the arrest.
However, the use of deadly force or a chokehold [chokehold is specifically
defined in the state code]is only justified when a person cannot be captured
any other way and either:
a. The person has used or threatened to use deadly force in
committing a felony, or
b. The peace officer reasonably believes the person would use deadly
force against any person unless immediately apprehended.
A peace officer making an arrest pursuant to an invalid warrant is justified in
the use of any force which the peace officer would be justified in using if the
warrant were valid, unless the peace officer knows that the warrant is invalid.
[Note: The use of a chokeholds and other lateral restraints is further limited by this
policy. See Section X below.]
2. Section 804.13 Use of force in preventing an escape.
OPS -03.4
A peace officer or other person who has an arrested person in custody is
justified in the use of such force to prevent the escape of the arrested person
from custody as the officer or other person would be justified in using if the
officer or other person were arresting such person.
V. PROCEDURES
A. DEADLY FORCE
1. Purpose of statement
a. To delineate the Department's policy regarding the use ofdeadly
force.
b. To establish policies under which the use of deadly force is
permissible.
2. Policy
a. Officers of the Iowa City Police Department may use deadly force
to stop or incapacitate an assailant to prevent serious bodily injury
or death. For this purpose and to minimize danger to innocent
bystanders, the officer should shoot at the center body mass,
whenever possible.
b. An officer may use deadly force to protect him/her or others from
what he/she reasonably believes to be an imminent threat of death
or serious injury.
c. An officer may use deadly force to effect the capture or prevent
escape if:
i. The person used or threatened to use deadly force in
committing a felony, and
ii. The peace officer reasonably believes the person would use
deadly force against a person unless immediately
apprehended.
d. Provided the criteria for paragraph 2(a), 2(b) or 2(c) have been
satisfied, no distinction shall be made relative to the age of the
intended target.
e. Warning shots by officers of the Iowa City Police Department are
prohibited.
f. A verbal warning shall be utilized prior to an officer discharging a
weapon unless it would compromise the safety of the officer or
others.
g.
OPS -03.5
Shooting at or from a moving vehicle is prohibited, except under the
following circumstances:
i. When the occupant of the vehicle is utilizing deadly force
against the police officer or other persons.
ii. As a last resort to prevent death or serious injury to officers or
other persons.
iii. As a last resort to apprehend a person who has just committed
a felony resulting in death or serious injury.
iv. The discharge of firearms shall not be utilized when
circumstances do not provide a high probability of striking an
intended target or when there is substantial risk to the safety
of other persons, including the risk of causing vehicle
accidents.
3. Rendering medical aid following police actions
a. Officers shall render immediate and appropriate medical aid in
incidents that involve injuries sustained during detainments or
apprehension
b. Officers shall immediately activate the emergency medical system
when:
Obvious severe injuries have occurred,
ii. Medical distress is apparent, or the individual is
unconscious,
Requested by the subject(s) involved,
iv. The extent of an injury is unknown or not visible, or
v. The nature or extent of the injury dictates.
b. Officers shall err on the side of caution, requesting emergency
medical system to respond to the scene if in doubt about the
existence or extent of an injury.
4. Surrender of firearm.
When officers discharge a firearm that results in personal injury or death
to any person, the officer or employee shall surrender that firearm to
his/her supervisor or a higher authority consistent with departmental
directives. Firearms involved in police shooting incidents shall not be
OPS -03.6
unloaded, cleaned, nor in any way altered from the condition
immediately following discharge other than to make the weapon safe for
transport.
a. When more than one officer or weapon has been involved in a
shooting situation resulting in any injury or death, the involved
weapons must be surrendered to the commanding officer in
accordance with departmental directives.
b. The commanding officer receiving such firearm or firearms shall
immediately secure and document the same as evidence.
B. LESS LETHAL FORCE
1. Where deadly force is not authorized under this policy, officers should
assess the incident in order to determine which Tess lethal technique will
best de-escalate the incident and bring it under control in a safe manner.
Officers shall use no more force than is reasonably necessary to gain
control of an individual or situation. Officers are authorized to use force
consistent with the Use of Force model.
2. An officer shall use no more force than that officer reasonably feels is
necessary in the performance of their official duties. Use of force by an
officer is justified in, but not limited to, the following situations:
a. To protect the officer or others from physical harm.
b. To control an arrestee or a potentially violent person.
c. To restrain or subdue a resistant individual. Approved restraint
devices are handcuffs (hinged and chain style), flex -cuffs and nylon
leg restraints.
d. To bring an unlawful situation safely and effectively under control.
3. Officers shall offer medical treatment to any non -combative personwho
has been exposed to a chemical irritant / OC spray. Officers shall
decontaminate a person exposed to a chemical irritant and continue to
monitor the condition of that person until they are no longer in the
custody of the officer.
C. NOTIFICATIONS
1. Any officer who discharges a firearm in the course of their duty, shall
immediately contact his/her supervisor. (This does not apply to animal
euthanasia where supervisory permission to discharge the weapon must
be sought prior to the destruction of the animal (see section B in
"REPORTING USE OF FORCE INCIDENTS") or training situations) If
this is not practical, the officer shall contact the on -duty patrol supervisor.
The notified supervisor shall then contact the following individuals:
OPS -03.7
a. The involved officer's Division Commander.
i. It shall be the Division Commander's responsibility to notify the
Chief of Police.
ii. If the Division Commander cannot be notified, a watch
supervisor shall notify the Chief of Police.
b. The County Attorney of the county in which the incident occurred.
c. The City Attorney.
d. The City Manager.
e. The Criminal Investigation Commander or his/her designee.
f.
f. Other as Required by the Mandatory Call Matrix
2. The on -duty watch supervisor shall be immediately notified or
summoned to the scene of any incident where use of force results in a
physical injury.
3. The on -duty watch supervisor shall be immediately notified when a
chemical irritant / OC spray is utilized.
4. The on -duty watch supervisor shall be immediately notified when a
conducted energy device is discharged.
5. Any member, on or off duty, while taking law enforcement action,
who uses a level of force that by this or other policies requires the
completion of the department's use of force report, shall notify the
on duty supervisor as soon as practical following the incident and
take whatever action such supervisor requires.
D. REPORTING USE OF FORCE INCIDENTS
1. Discharge of Firearms — report required.
Any officer who discharges a firearm for any reason or purpose other
than those exceptions listed in this section, shall make a written report to
his/her immediate supervisor as soon as circumstances permit. This
written report will then be forwarded through the chain of command to
the Chief of Police for review. Exceptions to the requirement of a written
report apply to the following circumstances in which no accident or injury
results:
a. The discharge of firearms on firearm ranges or in an area for
firearms practice.
b. Sporting events to include lawful hunting and organized shooting
OPS -03.8
matches.
2. When, in accordance with applicable law, it becomes necessary for an
officer to discharge a firearm to destroy an animal which presents a
danger or is seriously injured or ill, the officer will, prior to discharging the
firearm, request permission to do so from the on -duty supervisor. If such
action must be immediately taken in order to protect the officer's or
another person's safety, the officer need not delay action in order to
request this permission. In this circumstance, however, the Watch
Supervisor must be notified immediately after the firearm is used. A Use
of Force report is required.
3. Administrative Review Committee.
a. Use of force incidents shall be reviewed by a committ a consisting
of a minimum of three sworn personnel.
i. The committee should consist of two supervisorsas
designated by the Chief of Police and one officer -preferably a
use of force instructor. To provide differing perspectives„ the
Chief of Police may appoint multiple committees that alternate
review responsibilities.
ii. This group should, at a minimum, meet every month to review
the Use of Force Reports from the previous month.
iii. The purpose of this committee shall be to review ail facts and
reports concerning use of force incidents to determine whether
policy, training, equipment., or disciplinary issues should be
addressed. This committee will make recommendations on
these matters to the Chief of Police.
b.
M non-use of force firearms discharges (e.g. accidental/negligent
discharge), with the exception of the destruction of animals which are
reviewed by the Use of Force Committee, shall be reviewed in a
manner consistent with General Order 99-06: Internal Affairs
Investigations as assigned by a Division Commander.
i. At a minimum, this will consist of a Report of Inquiry and
supervisory review.
ii, The Division Commander and the Training and Accreditation
Sergeant will review the investigation and findings to identify
any training recommendations which are necessary, and/or
any need for policy changes. Recommendations on these
matters will be forwarded to the Chief of Police.
4. Use of Force Reports.
a. A Use of Force Report with a written narrative regarding any use of
force incident will be submitted in addition to any incident report for
the following:
OPS -03.9
exposure to chemical irritants
use or targeting of a conducted energy device
use of an impact weapon
use of kinetic energy impact projectiles
display or use of less lethal munitions
use of a distraction device
display or use of a canine unless involved in an exploratory
sniffing incident or search of an unoccupied building
firearm display or use
use of any object not originally intended to be used as a
means for self-defense
In a dynamic environment, any object can be used by an
officer as an impact weapon, or even a deadly weapon if its
use is objectively reasonable for the situation. In those cases
where an object not specifically covered by this policy is used
in this manner, whether the officer is on duty or off duty and is
taking enforcement action, shall require notification of a
supervisor as soon as practical and shall require the
completion of a Use of Force report.
Use of Force Reports are not required for:
- physically escorting a passively resisting person
- transport activities
- presence of officers
- the issuance of verbal directives when no contact is applied
- or display of a firearm where no persons were present, .e.g.,
building searches.
- When the only use of force is the application of handcuffs, double
locked
The report(s) shall contain the following information:
i. Arrestee/suspect information.
ii. Incident number(s), date and time of incident, and reporting
officer.
iii. Description of actual resistance encountered.
iv. All required fields completed in Use of Force report.
v. The force used by the officer to overcome the resistance and
the specific weapon or technique used.
vi. A description of any alleged or actual injuries to either the
OPS -03.10
officer or suspect.
vii. Pictures taken of any injuries to either the officer or suspect.
viii. Exposure to Chemical Irritant / OC spray will additionally
require the documentation of medical treatment being offered,
supervisor notification, and decontamination procedures.
ix. A Conducted Energy Device deployment will additionally
require the documentation of medical treatment, if medical
treatment is refused by the suspect, supervisor notification,
and the number of cycles/applications used.
b. When the only use of force is the application of handcuffs, double
locked, no use of force report is necessary. The application of
handcuffs, double locked will be documented on a written complaint
or citation or in the body of an incident report.
c. A supervisor of the reporting person shall review the report for
adherence to Department policy and procedure and document their
conclusions.
d. All reports concerning use of force shall be forwarded to the
Sergeant of Planning/Research.
e. The Captain of Field Operations and Chief of Police shall review all
use of force reports where any participant is injured during the use
of force and/or where a deadly force option has been utilized
(excludes display of a weapon).
5. Executive Review.
At a minimum, the Chief of Police and/or designee will conduct a
documented analysis of all reports and incidents of force annually. An
analysis of reports and incidents of force could reveal patterns or trends
that indicate training needs, equipment upgrades and/or policy
modifications.
6. Duty to Intervene and Report
All employees are required to be familiar with and abide by GO 20-
01 titled Duty to Intervene and Report.
E. INVESTIGATION OF USE OF FORCE RESULTING IN DEATH O
SERIOUS INJURY
1. When any member of the police department is involved in an incident
resulting in death or serious injury, a thorough and objective
investigation of facts and circumstances will be initiated as soon as
practical by the Chief of Police's designees and completed as soon as
practical.
2. The Chief of Police or his/her designee shall decide whether the DCI
and/or any other outside agency shall be called to assist in the
investigation.
3. If an incident resulting in death or serious injury which involves a sworn
Iowa City police officer occurs in another police jurisdiction, the officer
shall cooperate with that jurisdiction, as set forth in Iowa City Police
Department directives.
4. The on -duty watch commander/supervisor shall ensure that appropriate
case reports are initiated and that potential evidence is preserved.
5. The officer(s) or employee involved in the death or serious injury shall be
relieved of field duty without the loss of pay or benefits, pending the
results of the departmental investigation. Other officers or employees
involved in the incident also may be relieved of field duty without loss of
pay or benefits at the discretion of the Chief of Police, while the
investigation is pending:
a. The officer or employee shall be available at all times for official
interviews and statements regarding the case, and shall be subject
to recall to duty at any time. The officer or employee must receive
permission from the Chief of Police, or from their Division
Commander, prior to leaving the area. If such permission is given,
the officer or employee shall supply the phone number(s) of his/her
location and duration of the absence.
b. The officer or employee will not discuss the case with anyone
except the prosecuting attorney and/or persons designated by the
Chief of Police or their designee. This does not prohibit the officer
or employee from discussions with his/her attorney. If the officer or
employee may be the subject of internal review or criminal charges,
his/her constitutional rights and administrative protections will be
maintained. The officer or employee will attend post-traumatic
stress counseling at the discretion of the Chief of Police.
OPS -03.12
c. At the discretion of the Chief of Police, the officer or employee may
be returned to duty upon departmental receipt of notification from
the counselor or mental health professional indicating the officer's
fitness for duty.
6. The investigation and administrative leave policy outlined herein is not
intended to imply or indicate the officer or employee has acted
improperly, but is designed to safeguard the officer or employee and the
Department.
7. The Chief of Police may appoint one or more individuals to conducta
separate yet parallel (administrative) investigation into a use of force
incident to ensure all personnel followed departmental policies and;
guidelines.
VI. USE OF FORCE MODEL
Police officers are given the unique right to use force, even deadly force,
against others for legitimate law enforcement purposes. The right to .ase
force carries with it an obligation to use that force in a responsible manner.
Police agencies have an obligation to provide their employees with the
policies, training, and tools necessary to accomplish their mission. Selection
of a use of force response from the options articulated in this model will be
based on: the skills, knowledge, and ability of the officer; the perceived
threat and amount of resistance offered by a subject; and consideration of
the situational framework. A defined Use of Force Model will enhance the
department's ability to manage the use of force and will benefit the officer by
providing guidance, resources, and options.
A. ESCALATION OF FORCE
Officers of the Iowa City Police Department shall follow the
principles of the Use of Force Model. The model describes an
escalation of force, which is based on a reasonable officer's
perception of threat or resistance. As a subject's resistance
escalates, more force options become available to the officer.
When resistance stops or reduces, the officer must correspondingly
de-escalate. Officers of the Iowa City Police Department must
generally employ the tools, tactics, and timing of force utilization
consistent with the Model's proscription and training protocols. Due
to the fact that officer/member of the public confrontations occur in
environments that are potentially unpredictable, "tense, uncertain,
and rapidly evolving" (Graham v. Connor, 109 S.Ct. 1865, 1872
(1989)) the officer may utilize tools, tactics, and timing outside the
parameters of the Model. However, these applications of force must
meet the same test of reasonableness as those which have been
previously identified and approved by the Department.
OPS -03.13
B. DE-ESCALATION OF FORCE
De-escalation strategies shall be applied in an effort to reduce the need
for application of force, when safe and feasible.
De-escalation techniques are actions used by members of the department
that seek to minimize the likelihood of the need to use force during an
incident and increase the likelihood of gaining voluntary compliance from a
subject. Note that these techniques should only be employed when it is
safe to do so.
When safe and feasible under the totality of circumstances, members of
the department shall attempt to slow down or stabilize the situation so that
more time, options and resources are available for incident resolution.
When time and circumstances reasonably permit, members of the
department shall consider whether a subject's lack of compliance is a
deliberate attempt to resist or an inability to comply based on factors
including, but not limited to:
Medical conditions
Mental impairment
Developmental disability
Physical limitation
Language barrier
Drug interaction
Behavioral crisis
An officer's awareness of these possibilities, when time and
circumstances reasonably permit, shall then be balanced against the facts
of the incident facing the officer when deciding which tactical options are
the most appropriate to bring the situation to a safe resolution.
Mitigating the immediacy of threat gives officers of the department time to
utilize extra resources, and increases time available to call more officers
or specialty units.
The number of officers on scene may increase the available force options
and may increase the ability to reduce the overall force used.
Other examples include:
Placing barriers between an uncooperative subject and an officer
Containing a threat
Moving from a position that exposes officers to potential threats to a
safer position
OPS -03.14
Decreasing the exposure to potential threat by using
- Distance
- Cover
- Concealment
Communicating from a safe position intended to gain the subject's
compliance, using:
- Verbal persuasion
- Advisements
- Warnings
Avoiding physical confrontation, unless immediately necessary (for
example, to protect someone, or stop dangerous behavior)
Using verbal de-escalation techniques to generate cooperation and gain
voluntary compliance.
Calling extra resources to assist or officers to assist:
- More officers
- CIT officers
- Officers equipped with Tess -lethal tools
- Supervisors.
* Using any other tactics and approaches that attempt to achieve
gaining the compliance of the subject.
D. Reasonable officer's perception/Reasonable officer's response (see
attached matrix)
VII. CIVILIAN OFFICERS (COMMUNITY SERVICE AND ANIMAL
CONTROL OFFICERS)
A. Community Service Officers assigned to the road and Animal Control Officers
shall carry chemical irritants (OC) under this policy for the sole purpose of
self-defense from persons or from animals.
B. When dealing with upset persons, civilian officers must first attempt to
deescalate the situation, if it is reasonable to do so, by backing away from the
situation to a place of safety (vehicle or other barrier) and calling for a sworn
officer to come to the scene. If after attempting to deescalate the situation, the
civilian officer reasonably believes that they are going to be assaulted, the
officer may deploy their chemical irritant in a manner consistent with training.
C. When dealing with aggressive animals, civilian officers should try backing
away from the situation to a place of safety (vehicle or other barrier) and call
OPS -03.15
for a sworn officer to come to the scene to assist. If the civilian officer is
unable to make it to a place of safety and they reasonably believe that they
may be attacked, the officer may deploy their chemical irritant at the animal in
a manner consistent with training.
D. Civilian officers that deploy chemical agents at a person are subject to all
reporting requirements set forth in this policy. Additionally, they are
responsible to immediately contact the on duty Watch supervisor as well as
summoning medical personnel to the scene for any injuries.
E. Civilian officers that deploy chemical agents at an animal shall notify their
supervisor to make them aware that a chemical agent was deployed as well
as the circumstances involved.
F. When dealing with persons, a civilian officer will be held to the "Reasonable
officer's perception/Reasonable officer's response" standard. (see level four
and five in the attached matrix)
VIII. PREREQUISITES TO CARRYING LETHAL / LESS LETHAL
WEAPONS
All personnel authorized to carry weapons intended for use of force
application must receive training on their use from the perspectives of
practical application and organizational policy. Instruction should include
confirmation of employee understanding of legal implications and
requirements, weapon specific operating and care procedures,
documentation and reporting procedures, and obligations following the
use of force.
IX. FBI NATIONAL USE of FORCE DATA COLLECTION
The Department voluntarily participates in the FBI National Use of,Force Data
Collection. The sergeant of planning and research shall track the folIl6win6 ase of
force incidents:
When a fatality to a person occurs connected to a use of force by an Iowa
City police officer.
When there is serious bodily injury to a person connected to a use of force
by an Iowa City police officer. For this section the definition of serious
bodily injury will be based, in part, upon Title 18, United States Code,
Section 2246 (4). The term "serious bodily injury" means "bodily injury that
involves a substantial risk of death, unconsciousness, protracted and
obvious disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of the function of a
bodily member, organ, or mental faculty."
In the absence of either death or serious bodily injury, when a firearm is
discharged by an Iowa City police officer at or in the direction of a person.
OPS -03.16
When an incident meeting the above criteria is met the sergeant of planning and
research shall report the following information to the FBI:
Incident Information
Date and time of the incident
Total number of officers who applied actual force during the incident
- Number of officers from the Iowa City Police Department who applied
actual force during the incident
- Location of the incident (address or latitude/longitude)
Location type of the incident (street, business, residence, restaurant,
school, etc.)
Did the officer(s) approach the subject(s)?
Was it an ambush incident?
- Was a supervisor or a senior officer acting in a supervisory capacity
present or consulted at any point during the incident?
What was the reason for initial contact between the subject and the officer
(response to unlawful or suspicious activity, routine patrol, traffic stop,
etc.)?
If the initial contact was due to "unlawful or criminal activity," what were
the most serious reported offenses committed by the subject prior to or at
the time of the incident?
If applicable, the National Incident -Based Reporting System or local
incident number of the report detailing criminal incident information on the
subject and/or assault or homicide of a law enforcement officer
If the incident involved multiple law enforcement agencies, the case
numbers for the local use -of -force reports at the other agencies
Subject Information
Age, sex, race, ethnicity, height, and weight
Injury/death of subject(s) (gunshot wound, apparent brokenboneS
unconsciousness, etc.)
Type(s) of force used connected to serious bodily injury or death (firearm,
electronic control weapon, explosive device, blunt instrument, etc.)
OPS -03.17
Did the subject(s) resist?
Was the threat by the subject(s) directed to the officer or to another party?
Type(s) of subject resistance/weapon involvement (threatened officer,
threatened others, threatened self, active aggression, firearm, attempt to
flee, etc.)
Was there an apparent or known impairment in the physical condition of
subject? If yes, indicate which (mental health/alcohol/drugs/unknown)
At any time during the incident, was the subject(s) armed or believed to be
armed with a weapon?
Officer Information
Age, sex, race, ethnicity, height, and weight
Years of service as a law enforcement officer (total tenure, number of
years)
At the time of the incident, was the officer a full-time employee?
Was the officer readily identifiable?
- Was the officer on duty at the time of the incident?
Did the officer discharge a firearm?
Was the officer injured?
What was the officer's injury type (gunshot wound, apparent broken
bones, severe laceration, unconsciousness, etc.)
X. CHOKE HOLDS, LATERAL NECK RESTRAINTS, and SIMILAR
COMPLIANCE TECHNIQUES
A. Choke holds, lateral neck restraints, and similar compliance techniques
that are specifically designed or intended to restrict the ability to breathe or
the flow of blood to the brain, or any intentional and prolonged application
of force to the throat or windpipe of another that prevents or hinders
breathing or reduces the intake of air, are prohibited except:
1. Where a person cannot be captured any other way;
AND
2. a. The person has used or threatened to use deadly force in
committing a felony OR
OPS -03.18
b. The officer reasonably believes the person would use deadly
force against any person unless immediately apprehended;
[Note: 1 and 2 are requirements that must be present before the
exception on the use of chokeholds in Section 804.8 of the Iowa Code
applies.]
AND
3. It is the only reasonable means of protecting oneself or a third
party.
[Note: 3 is an additional City of Iowa City requirement that must be
present before the exception applies.]
B. If utilized, the technique must be immediately loosened or released if the
individual on whom it is being applied becomes compliant.
C. Any individual who has been subjected to a lateral choke hold, neck
restraint, or similar compliance technique„ regardless of whether he/ she
was rendered unconscious, shall be promptly examined by emergency
medical services and shall be monitored until examined by
medical personnel.
D. The officer shall inform any person receiving custody, or any person
placed in a position of providing care, that the individual has been
subjected to a choke hold, lateral neck restraint, or similar compliance
technique and whether the individual lost consciousness as a result.
E. Any officer applying a choke hold, lateral neck restraint, or similar
compliance technique shall promptly notify a supervisor of the use or
attempted use of such hold. A use of force report shall be completed..
XII. ANNUAL IN-SERVICE TRAINING
On an annual basis all officers will receive in-service training on this policy.
The training shall include a review of the definitions of conditional terms, such as
those for reasonable belief, serious physical injury, or similar terms used to
qualify the policy.
Dustin Liston, Chief of Police
OPS -03.19
WARNING
This directive is for departmental use only and does not apply in any criminal or civil
proceeding. The department policy should not be construed as a creation of higher
legal standard of safety or care in an evidentiary sense with respect to third -party
claims. Violations of this directive will only form the basis for departmental
administrative sanctions.
LEVEL ONE
Perception — Subject is compliant
OPS -03.20
Response — Cooperative controls (includes: mental preparation, spatial positioning;
communications skills, handcuffing positions and techniques, searching techniques;
arrest and transport controls)
COOPERATIVE CONTROLS
USE OF FORCE MODEL - FUNCTIONAL PROFILE
COMPLIANT: LEVEL 1
COOPERATIVE TIVE CONTRA
MENTAL PREPARATION
SPATIAL POSITIONING
PERCEPTION SKILLS
RISK ASSESSMENT
SURVIVAL ORIENTATION
> OFFICER STANCE
> BODY, LANGUAGE
RELATIVE POSITIONING
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
HANDCUFFING POSITIONS
VERBAL
- VERBAL COMMANDS/DIRECTIVES
VERBAL DE-ESCALATION
TECHNIQUES
NON-VERBAL
WALL
STANDING
PRONE
KNEELING
HANDCUFFING TECHNIQUE > CONTROLLED
SEARCHING TECHNIQUES
SPECIALIZED TECHNIQUES
ARREST. TECHNIQUES
ESCORT CONTROLS
TRANSPORT CONTROLS
WALL
STANDING
PRONE
KNEELING
OPPOSITE SEX
FRISK
STRIP
SINGLE OFFICER
MULTIPLE OFFICERS
> SINGLE OFFICER
• MULTIPLE OFFICERS
SINGLE OFFICER
MULTIPLE OFFICERS
L
EVEL TWO
OPS -03.21
Perception — Subject is passively resistant
Response — Contact controls (includes: contact controls, conflict management
techniques, and mass formation arrest techniques including: multiple officer lifts,
stretchers, wheelchairs etc.)
4111
0,1,11,,,1111111111111,
33
IL
111
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,„111111111111111111101111
1111111
11111
1111111111111111101000111111111
„ 11111111
USE OF FORCE MODEL FUNCTIONALPROFILE
RESISTIVE (Passive): LEVEL 2
CONTACT CONTRO
FORCE OPTIONS (also includes all options from lower Levels)
> VERBAL
- VERBAL DIRECTIVES
- VERBAL DE-ESCALATION TECHNIQUES
> NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
CONTACT CONTROLS
ARREST TECHNIQUES
> ARM
> WRIST
> HAND
>: ESCORT TECHNIQUES
> TRANSPORT TECHNIQUES
> MASS FORMATION
OPS -03.22
LEVEL THREE
Perception — Subject is actively resistant
Response — Compliance techniques (includes: neuromuscular controls, joint
manipulation, nerve compression, chemical irritants, e.g. OC spray, controlled stopping
devices for fleeing vehicle incidents)
COMPLIANCE TECHNIQUES
USE OF FORCE MODEL `- FUNCTIONAL PROFILE
RESISTANT (Activ : LEVEL 3
COMPLIANCE TECHNIQUES
FORCE OPTIONS (also includes all options from lower Levels)
COMPLIANCE CONTROLS
NERVE COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES:
NEURO -MUSCULAR CONTROLS
CONTROL TACTICS
BICYCLE
VEHICLE PURSUIT TACTICS
> NERVE COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES
> CHEMICAL IRRITANTS, CROWD CONTROL
CHEMICAL MUNITIONS
> CONTROL TACTICS
> HEAD `.
> ARM
> LEG
> WRIST ROTATION
> ELBOW LEVERAGE
• TAKE DOWN TECHNIQUES
• COMMUNICATIONS/ASSESSMENT SKILLS
> PACING/TRAILING TECHNIQUES
OPS -03.23
LEVEL FOUR
Perception — Subject is physically assaultive and may cause bodily injury
Response — Defensive tactics (includes: personal weapon defense, e.g. hands, knees,
feet, active countermeasures, etc.; impact weapons, e.g. ASP, weapon retention
techniques, conducted energy devices)
1111,1,1,1„1,1,1, 111
1111111111111
1111111
VIIIi1111111110V] "" """""""1:11
111001-'11111111 --'1(111111111110110111101111
1111111111111111111111111,11.1.m.„,
11111 . '1[1[1[111 1111110HO
11111110011111110000001001,1,j:1,1,1111111111111111111111111.0.111 1000000001100000011, 1(ir 00.10000
1111:11
111""10111111illi1111111.1'111..„.1
USE OF FORCE MODEL FUNCTIONAL PROFILE
ASSAULTIVE (Potential Bodily Harm): LEVEL 4 DEFENSIVE TACTICS
FORCE OPTIONS (also includes all options from lower Levels)
PERSONAL WEAPON DEFENSES
IMPACT WEAPONS (ASP)
LESS LETHAL WEAPONS
WEAPON RETENTION TECHNIQUES (Less Lethal)
OTHER WEAPONS
CANINE*
> HEAD
> HANDS
> ELBOWS
> FEET
> KNEES
• STRIKES
> IMPACT PROJECTILES
> CANINE OPERATIONS
> CONDUCTED ENERGY
DEVICES
> OTHER OPTIONS
> FRONT
> REAR
> SIDE
> CONTROL /APPREHENSION
TECHNIQUES
*Deployment of canine for apprehension/protection shall be preceded by actions of
suspect which are consistent with Level 4. (Assaultive — Potential Bodlly Harm) behayior„
The exception to this is the deployment of cantne for building searches or related
circumstances, where the suspect actions are not known hn this circumstance
procedures speed out in the "Canine Operations" Gener, II Order (99-04) shalll
followed,
OPS -03.24
LEVEL FIVE
Perception - Subject is assaultive and likely to cause SERIOUS bodily injury or death
Response- Deadly force (includes: weapon/weapons attack defense, lethal force
utilization with service/supplemental weapons, forcible stopping techniques for assault
with vehicle incidents)
111111111111111111100000IIIII11010000000000000 00111111111111111111111111100000000000000000000001110111111:000000; bah
ulmiuuioioimo
USE OF FORCE MODEL
u 4 i VV''I°IL° �� � �',11,1ll V V
moii loo � ioo pilo N ° ° ° o u�o G�"i I IB udu VGV u4u4u4 a d4 4V i4 tl
FUNCTIONAL PROFILE
ASSAULTIVE (Serious Bodily Harm/Death):
LEVEL 5
FORCE OPTIONS (also includes all options from lower Levels
ATTACK DEFENSE
LETHAL FORCE UTILIZATION
OTHER OPTIONS:
FORCIBLE STOPPING TECHNIQUES
> WEAPON
> WEAPONLESS
> WEAPON RETENTION
TECHNIQUES
> SERVICE WEAPON
• SUPPLEMENTAL WEAPON
> OTHER OPTIONS
> - CONTACT
> ROADBLOCK
OPS -03.25
REDLINE VERSION
Green highlights are additions
Red highlights are deletions
OPS 21.1
1111111110o
11111111111111111111
FrIIPIP1:110:110:1111111111,19,p411ingl,)11,!04.11,114,4110.0ik'fitgl!IL. ,1
Original Date of Issue
September 27, 2007
General Order Number
07-02
Effective Date of Reissue
January 14, 2022
Section Code
OPS -21
Reevaluation Date
J a in uu a ury 2023
Amends / Cancels
OPS -21 Previous Version (2008)
C.A.L.E.A.
Chapter 42,71
Reference
I. PURPOSE
The purpose of this order is to define the areas of the Iowa City Police
Department where Detainee Processing is to occur. It is also the goal of this
policy to establish parameters for officers to follow while processing detainees at
the Department.
II. POLICY
It is the policy of the Iowa City Police Department to process temporary
detainees in a safe and efficient manner. Facilities used for processing shall be
maintained with this goal in mind.
III. DEFINITIONS
Detainee: A person in the custody of agency personnel and whose freedom of "^
movement is at the will of agency personnel.
Temporary Detention: Detention of a person for the purpose of interviewing, y:r
processing or testing. Temporary detention is measured in minutes or hours eihd
does not involve housing or feeding detainees.
OPS 21.2
Processing: Pre -booking activities involving a detainee in custody (i.e.
fingerprints, breath tests).
IV. PROCEDURES
A. Documentation
Whenever a detainee is brought to the Iowa City Police Department for
temporary detention, at a minimum, a radio log will reflect the name of the
detainee, their age, the reason being detained and the time the person
arrived. Whenever such person is released, that time will be reflected in the
radio log. The intent of this paragraph is to document the length of time
persons are held in temporary detention.
B. Notification
Officers shall advise the on -duty stationmaster that they are en route to
the police department with someone in custody so that they know they
need to turn on the monitor. If there is no on -duty stationmaster the officer
shall notify JECC to document in the call for service the beginning and end
times of when they are at the department.
C. Stationmaster Responsibilities
Station masters shall monitor (audio and video) the detention areas when
detainees are being processed. When a detainee is brought to the Police
Department, they shall record within the call log the detainee's name, date
of birth, reason for detention (OWI processing, fingerprinting and/or
investigative) and the date and time out at the department. If a fixed object
is used to secure a detainee, the station master shall record (as an officer
change of status) the time secured in station (Unit Status "S") and the time
released from restraint to fixed object (Unit Status "R"). If field sobriety
tests are conducted in the hallway off the Gilbert Street entrance, station
masters shall inform other officers not to enter until those tests are
complete. Officers that are with a detainee in the processing area shall
activate the exterior light indicating such. Officers shall not enter the
processing area from Gilbert Street if this light is activated.
D. Processing and Searching
Upon arrival at the Iowa City Police Department a subsequent searQl7:sh ll
be performed. It is recommended that a second officer be present for this
search if possible and after this secondary search has been conducted,
necessary reports, testing, and other processing should occur.
OPS 21.3
E. Locked Spaces
Detainees will not be secured in locked spaces within the Police
Department.
F. Securing to Fixed Objects
Officers shall secure detainees to fixed objects designed for such use.
Exceptions to this include, standardized field sobriety tests (SFST)
processing, OWI processing, DRE exams, fingerprinting or other booking
needs, when a detainee is being interviewed as part of an on-going
investigation, and/or unless doing so would hinder further investigation.
Examples of authorized fixed objects to be used when securing a detainee
include cuff rails, bars or bolts, and chairs or benches designed to cuff
detainees to. Detainees shall not be handcuffed to any object not so
designed as a means of preventing escape. If a detainee is secured to a
fixed object, the officer shall notify the station master of the time the
detainee is secured in the station and the time the detainee is released in
station. The station master shall then enter the appropriate unit status
codes to the call for service.
G. Separation of Males, Females, and Juveniles
To every extent possible, detainees shall be kept separate in different
rooms by sex and juvenile detainees shall be kept separate in different
rooms from adult detainees.
H. Authorization
Temporary detention of persons in custody may be resuired while officers
conduct OWI tests, fingerprint juveniles, or interview loolv persons in
custody. Detainees under these conditions should be carefully monitored
since they will be in close proximity to officers.
The following rooms are authorized as temporary detention areas:
1. Interview Room 1
2. Interview Room 2
3. Room 114
I. Training
Only sworn personnel will be used to monitor those persons held in
temporary detention. Personnel who monitor detainees must receive
training on procedures to be followed in handling such detainees at the
OPS 21.4
time of their hiring and at least every three years thereafter. Basic
academy training will not be considered sufficient for this purpose. An
exception to this is dispatch stationmaster personnel that have the ability
to monitor these areas through the use of closed-circuit video. The ability
for dispatch stationmasters to monitor detainees shall not be a substitute
for the presence of sworn personnel in the detention area.
Training for this purpose will include methods for summoning assistance,
restraint equipment available in the temporary detention areas, and
methods for dealing with uncooperative detainees. These methods should
include options for immediate transfer to jail or the delay of testing or
processing until a later time
Security
A. Weapons Control
Firearms and weapons are not permitted into any space actively being
used as a temporary detention area. Prior to removing handcuffs from the
detainee, firearms will be secured in the lockboxes maintained for that
purpose in the detention areas.. Exceptions to this include an emergency
alarm activation or any other indication of an emergency need in the
detainee processing area. Conductive energy devices, chemical irritants,
and striking batons are permissible in spaces actively being used as a
temporary detention area.
B. Emergency Alarms
All officers working in the detention area shall be equipped with a portable
radio. That radio shall be operational and shall always be within reach of
the officer in the processing area. An emergency request for assistance
may be made by voice transmission or by means of activation of the
emergency button on the radio. The exception to this is that radios shall ,
not be turned on when in proximity of DataMaster testing. Additionally,,
fixed alarm buttons which alert the Stationmaster are present in the
detention rooms and may be used if assistance is needed.
C. Access to Area
When an area is being used for temporary detention, only those p .r onnel
with reason to be there may enter or remain in that area after securing,..1
their firearm in a lock box. if the hallway off the Gilbert Street entrance is
actively being used for sobriety tests, officers without prisoners or cause to
be in the area and other employees shall enter by an alternate route.
Other officers with prisoners may enter but only when the hallway itself is
OPS 21.5
not being used for sobriety tests. The Stationmaster will advise arriving
officers if the hallway is actively being used for sobriety tests.
When conducting interviews or interrogations, only one person should be
interviewed by no more than 2 officers in any given situation.
D. Escape Prevention
In order to limit the risk of escape the following precautions should be
followed:
Handcuffs shall remain applied when feasible
The detainee should be seated away from doors and windows
Sufficient personnel should be present to physically prevent escape
Detainees shall be secured to authorized fixed objects except for any of
the following: SFTS processing, OWI processing, DRE exams,
fingerprinting or other booking needs, when a detainee is being
interviewed as part of an on-going investigation, and/or unless doing so
would hinder further investigation.
The exit door to Gilbert Street shall be equipped with a delay switch on the
push bar. There shall be a minimum of a 15 second wait before the door
will open if the security code is not entered first. An alarm will also sound
if the security code is not entered first.
Doors leading to the rest of the department shall be closed and equipped
with security key entry pads.
E. Constant Supervision
Detainees will be under constant supervision. This includes visual and
audio observation.
F. Monitoring
Remote audio and/or video monitoring of detainees shall not substitute for
the physical monitoring of detainees by sworn personnel.
G. Detainee Transport
Parking on Gilbert Street should be avoided by Personnel to enable
officers with detainees easy access to the Police Department.
Physical Conditions
OPS 21.6
Areas used as a temporary detention area must meet basic standards. They
must be lighted, heated and/or cooled as required. There should be no
hazards to officers or detainees.
Water, restrooms, and other needs will be met as required. In cases where
this requires the detainee to be removed from the temporary detention area,
the detainee will be escorted at all times by at least one officer.
Not including the intoxilyzer processing room, besides basic seating and a
writing surface, other items in the room should be restricted to a telephone,
writing supplies, a computer work station and/or recording equipment.
Inspections
Areas that may be used as temporary detention areas will be inspected on a
weekly basis by the Captain of Support Services or designee. This inspection
will be for cleanliness and to determine if any unsafe conditions are
developing.
On an annual basis the Chief of Police or designee will review the
components of this section and the detention areas to determine if they
continue to best suit the requirements of the department.
Dustin Liston, Chief of Police
WARNING
This directive is for departmental use only and does not apply in any criminal or
civil proceeding. The department policy should not be construed as a creation of
higher legal standard of safety or care in an evidentiary sense with respect to third -
party claims. Violations of this directive will only form the basis for departmental
administrative sanctions.
OPS 21.1
y!�11,1.1ti a,;,,9�ipwliuldu,pmifmuwmwm imiuwlmtlmrmim iill'fImVolNOm11.11Vmm11iuduuwuuriruuwu° ititiimmini1,1iuVwiwrri111,fli'li,1,1ri 811 r wk vgPrwlu'1V II IPPu�uo,Whiwuuuuuumuuu11,1y
Original Date of Issue
September 27, 2007
General Order Number
07-02
Effective Date of Reissue
January 14, 2022
Section Code
OPS -21
Reevaluation Date
023
Amends / Cancels
OPS -21 Previous Versio
C.A.L.E.A.
Chia ter 42,71
Reference
I. PURPOSE
The purpose of this order is to define the areas of the Iowa City Police
Department where Detainee Processing is to occur. It is also the goal of this
policy to establish parameters for officers to follow while processing detainees at
the Department.
II. POLICY
It is the policy of the Iowa City Police Department to process temporary
detainees in a safe and efficient manner. Facilities used for processing shall be
maintained with this goal in mind.
III. DEFINITIONS
Detainee: A person in the custody of agency personnel and whose freedom of
movement is at the will of agency personnel.
Temporary Detention: Detention of a person for the purpose of interviewing,
processing or testing. Temporary detention is measured in minutes or hours and
does not involve housing or feeding detainees.
OPS 21.2
Processing: Pre -booking activities involving a detainee in custody (i.e.
fingerprints, breath tests).
IV. PROCEDURES
A. Documentation
Whenever a detainee is brought to the Iowa City Police Department for
temporary detention, at a minimum, a radio log will reflect the name of the
detainee, their age, the reason being detained and the time the person
arrived. Whenever such person is released, that time will be reflected in the
radio log. The intent of this paragraph is to document the length of time
persons are held in temporary detention.
B. Notification
Officers shall advise the on -duty stationmaster that they are en route to
the police department with someone in custody so that they know they
need to turn on the monitor. If there is no on -duty stationmaster the officer
shall notify JECC to document in the call for service the beginning and end
times of when they are at the department.
C. Stationmaster Responsibilities
Station masters shall monitor (audio and video) the detention areas when
detainees are being processed. When a detainee is brought to the Police
Department, they shall record within the call log the detainee's name, date
of birth, reason for detention (OWI processing, fingerprinting and/or
investigative) and the date and time out at the department. If a fixed object
is used to secure a detainee, the station master shall record (as an officer
change of status) the time secured in station (Unit Status "S") and the time
released from restraint to fixed object (Unit Status "R"). If field sobriety
tests are conducted in the hallway off the Gilbert Street entrance, station
masters shall inform other officers not to enter until those tests are v'
complete. Officers that are with a detainee in the processing area shall
activate the exterior light indicating such. Officers shall not enter:the
processing area from Gilbert Street if this light is activated.
D. Processing and Searching
Upon arrival at the Iowa City Police Department a subsequent search srll
be performed. It is recommended that a second officer be present for thi
search if possible and after this secondary search has been conducted,
necessary reports, testing, and other processing should occur.
OPS 21.3
E. Locked Spaces
Detainees will not be secured in locked spaces within the Police
Department.
F. Securing to Fixed Objects
Officers shall secure detainees to fixed objects designed for such use.
Exceptions to this include, standardized field sobriety tests (SFST)
processing, OWI processing, DRE exams, fingerprinting or other booking
needs, when a detainee is being interviewed as part of an on-going
investigation, and/or unless doing so would hinder further investigation.
Examples of authorized fixed objects to be used when securing a detainee
include cuff rails, bars or bolts, and chairs or benches designed to cuff
detainees to. Detainees shall not be handcuffed to any object not so
designed as a means of preventing escape. If a detainee is secured to a
fixed object, the officer shall notify the station master of the time the
detainee is secured in the station and the time the detainee is released in
station. The station master shall then enter the appropriate unit status
codes to the call for service.
G. Separation of Males, Females, and Juveniles
To every extent possible, detainees shall be kept separate in different
rooms by sex and juvenile detainees shall be kept separate in different
rooms from adult detainees.
H. Authorization
Temporary detention of persons in custody may be required while officers
conduct OWI tests, fingerprint juveniles, or interview persons in custody.
Detainees under these conditions should be carefully monitored since they
will be in close proximity to officers.
The following rooms are authorized as temporary detention areas:
1. Interview Room 1
2. Interview Room 2
3. Room 114
I. Training
Only sworn personnel will be used to monitor those persons held in
temporary detention. Personnel who monitor detainees must receive
training on procedures to be followed in handling such detainees at the
OPS 21.4
time of their hiring and at least every three years thereafter. Basic
academy training will not be considered sufficient for this purpose. An
exception to this is dispatch stationmaster personnel that have the ability
to monitor these areas through the use of closed-circuit video. The ability
for dispatch stationmasters to monitor detainees shall not be a substitute
for the presence of sworn personnel in the detention area.
Training for this purpose will include methods for summoning assistance,
restraint equipment available in the temporary detention areas, and
methods for dealing with uncooperative detainees. These methods should
include options for immediate transfer to jail or the delay of testing or
processing until a later time
Security
A. Weapons Control
Firearms and weapons are not permitted into any space actively being
used as a temporary detention area. Prior to removing handcuffs from the
detainee, firearms will be secured in the lockboxes maintained for that
purpose in the detention areas. Exceptions to this include an emergency
alarm activation or any other indication of an emergency need in the
detainee processing area. Conductive energy devices, chemical irritants,
and striking batons are permissible in spaces actively being used as a
temporary detention area.
B. Emergency Alarms
All officers working in the detention area shall be equipped with a portable
radio. That radio shall be operational and shall always be within reach of
the officer in the processing area. An emergency request for assistance
may be made by voice transmission or by means of activation of the
emergency button on the radio. The exception to this is that radios shall:
not be turned on when in proximity of DataMaster testing. Additionally,`
fixed alarm buttons which alert the Stationmaster are present in the
detention rooms and may be used if assistance is needed.
C. Access to Area
When an area is being used for temporary detention, only those persorfnbl
with reason to be there may enter or remain in that area after securing -i
their firearm in a lock box. If the hallway off the Gilbert Street entrance is
actively being used for sobriety tests, officers without prisoners or cause to
be in the area and other employees shall enter by an alternate route.
Other officers with prisoners may enter but only when the hallway itself is
OPS 21.5
not being used for sobriety tests. The Stationmaster will advise arriving
officers if the hallway is actively being used for sobriety tests.
When conducting interviews or interrogations, only one person should be
interviewed by no more than 2 officers in any given situation.
D. Escape Prevention
In order to limit the risk of escape the following precautions should be
followed:
Handcuffs shall remain applied when feasible
The detainee should be seated away from doors and windows
Sufficient personnel should be present to physically prevent escape
Detainees shall be secured to authorized fixed objects except for any of
the following: SFTS processing, OWI processing, DRE exams,
fingerprinting or other booking needs, when a detainee is being
interviewed as part of an on-going investigation, and/or unless doing so
would hinder further investigation.
The exit door to Gilbert Street shall be equipped with a delay switch on the
push bar. There shall be a minimum of a 15 second wait before the door
will open if the security code is not entered first. An alarm will also sound
if the security code is not entered first.
Doors leading to the rest of the department shall be closed and equipped
with security key entry pads.
E. Constant Supervision
Detainees will be under constant supervision. This includes visual and
audio observation.
F. Monitoring
Remote audio and/or video monitoring of detainees shall not substitute for
the physical monitoring of detainees by sworn personnel.
G. Detainee Transport
Parking on Gilbert Street should be avoided by Personnel to enable
officers with detainees easy access to the Police Department.
Physical Conditions
OPS 21.6
Areas used as a temporary detention area must meet basic standards. They
must be lighted, heated and/or cooled as required. There should be no
hazards to officers or detainees.
Water, restrooms, and other needs will be met as required. In cases where
this requires the detainee to be removed from the temporary detention area,
the detainee will be escorted at all times by at least one officer.
Not including the intoxilyzer processing room, besides basic seating and a
writing surface, other items in the room should be restricted to a telephone,
writing supplies, a computer work station and/or recording equipment.
Inspections
Areas that may be used as temporary detention areas will be inspected on a
weekly basis by the Captain of Support Services or designee. This inspection
will be for cleanliness and to determine if any unsafe conditions are
developing.
On an annual basis the Chief of Police or designee will review the
components of this section and the detention areas to determine if they
continue to best suit the requirements of the department.
Dustin Liston, Chief of Police
WARNING
This directive is for departmental use only and does not apply in any criminal or
civil proceeding. The department policy should not be construed as a creation of
higher legal standard of safety or care in an evidentiary sense with respect to third -
party claims. Violations of this directive will only form the basis for departmental
administrative sanctions.
WHERE
Electronic Zoom Mee
The forum is being held via Zoom due to
concerns presented by COVID-19
You can participate and comment during the forum by
going to the Zoom meeting registration link:
https://us06web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_eE4MscDRTRywOisMlfCXaw
Meeting ID: 816 3855 9389
The Community Police Review Board will be holding a Community Forum f
p p hearing p procedures of t
the PurPose of views on the olicies, practices and r
Iowa City Police Department.
COMMUNICATING WITH THE CPRB — WHO WE ARE AND WHAT WE DO
QUESTIONS S & COMMENTS:
Send your questions or comments you'd like addressed at the
forum to the following by Monday, April 11, 2022:
Please include full name and address. (All correspondence is public)
CPRB
City of Iowa City
410 E Washington St, 52240
Or e-mail to:
CPRB@iowa-city.org
APRIL 20, 2021
The Board will attempt to address all correspondence received.
The forum will be taped for rebroadcast.
1st General News Release
Community invited to attend Community Police Review Board forum
The Community Police Review Board (CPRB) will host its annual Community Forum to hear
views on Iowa City Police Department policies, practices and procedures. The community is
invited to submit questions and comments that will be used during the event.
The forum will begin at 5:30 p.m., Wednesday, April 20, 2022. An electronic Zoom meeting is
being held due to concerns presented by COVID-19.
Topics will include Communicating with the CPRB — Who we are and what we do.
You can participate and comment during the forum by going to the Zoom meeting registration
link: https://us06web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN eE4MscDRTRywOisMlfCXaw
meeting id: 816 3855 9389:
Send your questions or comments you'd like addressed at the forum by Monday, April 11, 2022.
Email to: CPRE(auowa-city.org or Mail to: CPRB at City Hall, 410 E. Washington St., Iowa City,
Iowa 52240. Be sure to include your full name and address as all submissions are public. The
board will try to address all questions and comments it receives.
The forum will also be recorded and later shown on City Channel 4. You can view programming
and the schedule at www.citychanneW cam.
2nd General News Release
Com unity Police Review
oard Fort
The Community Police Review Board will host its annual Community Forum to hear
Views on Iowa City Police Department policies, practices and procedures.
The forum will begin at 5:30 p.m., Wednesday, April 20, 2022. An electronic Zoom
meeting is being held due to concerns presented by COVID-19,
Topics will include Communicating with the CPRB — Who we are and what we do.
Additional information about the Community Police Review Board is available at
htt s://www.ic ov.or -eovernment/boards/communit -police-review-board-oprb
COMMUNITY POLICE REVIEW BOARD
OFFICE CONTACTS
JANUARY 2022
Date Description
None
February 8, 2022 Mtg Packet
COMMUNITY POLICE REVIEW BOARD
COMPLAINT DEADLINES
CPRB Co #21-Q3
Filed: 09/27/21
Chief's report due (90 days): 12/27/21
Chief's report filed: 11/15/21
Complainant's response to the Chief's report
(21 days to respond no response received) 12/06/21
Gh-iefiGity-Meneger-fespense-te-tom
pla ne— is e - 1- days ter r +r d. , .... ??/??4?-?
CPRB meeting #1 (Review): 01/11/22
CPRB meeting #2 (Review): 02/08/22
CPRB meeting #3 (Review): ??/??/22
CPRB report due
(90 days from the date of the Chief/City
Manager's response to the complainant):
03/08/22
CPRB Complain #21-07
Filed: 10/27/21
Chief's report due (90 days): 01/26/22
Chief's report filed: 11/30/21
Complainant's response to the Chief's report
(21 days to respond, no response received) 12/21/21
C-1 ire it ,tiger e.
Gefilia4eineWS res -pee .. aay --to-resio _._.P/Th
CPRB meeting #1 (Review):
CPRB meeting #2 (Review):
CPRB report due
(90 days from the date of the Chief/City
Manager's response to the complainant):
01/11/22
??/??/??
03/21/22
February 8, 2022 Mtg Packet
CPRB Ca plaint #22„0,1
Filed: 01/18/22
Chief's report due (90 days): 04/18/22
Chief's report filed: ??/????
Complainant's response to the Chief's report
(21 days to respond, no response received) ??/????
Chief/City Manager response to the
Complainant's response (10 days to respond): ??/????
CPRB meeting #1 (Review): ??/????
CPRB meeting #2 (Review): ??/??/??
CPRB report due
(90 days from the date of the Chief/City
Manager's response to the complainant): ??/????
CPRB Complaint #22-02
Filed: 01/20/22
Chief's report due (90 days): 04/20/22
Chief's report filed: ??/????
Complainant's response to the Chief's report
(21 days to respond, no response received) ??/????
Chief/City Manager response to the
Complainant's response (10 days to respond): ??/????
CPRB meeting #1 (Review): ??/????
CPRB meeting #2 (Review): ??/??/??
CPRB report due
(90 days from the date of the Chief/City
Manager's response to the complainant):
February 8, 2022 Mtg Packet
CPRB Co plaint #22-03
Filed: 01/25/22
Chief's report due (90 days): 04/25/22
Chief's report filed: ??/????
Complainant's response to the Chief's report
(21 days to respond, no response received) ??/????
Chief/City Manager response to the
Complainant's response (10 days to respond): ??/????
CPRB meeting #1 (Review): ??/????
CPRB meeting #2 (Review): ??/??/??
CPRB report due
(90 days from the date of the Chief/City
Manager's response to the complainant): ??/????
CPRB Corn .laint #22-04
Filed: 01/25/22
Chief's report due (90 days): 04/25/22
Chief's report filed: 01/31/22
Complainant's response to the Chief's report
(21 days to respond, no response received) 02/21/22
Chief/City Manager response to the
Complainant's response (10 days to respond): ??/????
CPRB meeting #1 (Review):
CPRB meeting #2 (Review):
CPRB report due
(90 days from the date of the Chief/City
Manager's response to the complainant):
??/????
??/??/??
TENTATIVE MEETING SCHEDULE
March 8, 2022
April 12, 2022
April 20, 2022 (Community Forum)
May 10, 2022